RSS & Feeds 网页设计与编程 第12讲 问题的起源 有同学发来邮件: 如何在网站中,同步发表或者引用其他网站 发布的新闻/消息? 以下的内容主要回答这个问题. What is RSS? RSS is a text-based format, a type of XML. You should know that only because often RSS files are often labeled as XML. What is RSS? RSS version 1.0 is also RDF (whatever), which, again, is important only because an RSS file may be labeled as RDF. RSS files (which are also called RSS feeds or channels) simply contain a list of items. What is RSS? Usually, each item contains a title, summary, and a link to a URL (e.g. a web page). The most common use for RSS files is for news and other reversechronologically ordered websites like blogs. What is RSS? When a website has an RSS feed, it is said to be “syndicated.” RSS files do not have a common file extension, although they frequently end in one of .xml, .rss, or .rdf What is RSS? If you are interested in creating RSS feeds, see this RSS Workshop, or Atom for Publishers for Atom. If you are interested in creating an RSS or Atom reader, see the Aggregators Yahoo! group. Glossary RSS Really Simple Syndication Rich Site Summary RDF Site Summary RSS file RSS feed RSS channel feed channel Glossary XML eXtensible Markup Language the format RSS is written in important only because RSS may be labeled as XML RDF Resource Discovery Framework the format of RSS version 1.0 important only because RSS may be labeled as RDF Glossary blog weblog log on the web a journal-type website, many of which produce RSS feeds Glossary RSS reader news reader RSS aggregator a program that can read RSS files What Can I do with RSS? displaying headlines on other websites search engines aggregating RSS feeds from multiple websites Displaying Headlines on Other Websites Quite a few websites use RSS to display headlines from other websites, as it provides additional content to their readers. Below is displayed the last seven frontpage news headlines from the BBC. The BBC has 68 RSS feeds available. Search Engines RSS-based search engines can index individual items rather than pages which may contain many items. There are several good general-purpose RSS-based search engines around today; they are available on Fagan Finder on the Weblogs, Journals, and RSS page. RSS Aggregators Why Use an RSS Aggregator? For anyone that reads a half dozen or more pages that have RSS feeds, an aggregator is a necessity. RSS aggregators are set up to periodically check for new items in the feeds you are subscibed to, commonly once every hour. Why Use an RSS Aggregator? This saves a tremendous amount of time. Or conversely, you can read many more feeds in the same ammont of time. Many people read several hundred feeds. That just wouldn’t be feasible without an RSS aggregator. Why Use an RSS Aggregator? Additionally, you avoid all the non-new information on a web page, including the ads, menus, etc. Subscribing to a Feed There is no agreed-upon standard for how to subscribe to an RSS feed. There are roughly two ways to subscribe. One is to enter the URL of the RSS feed into your aggregator. The other is to follow a subscribe link from a web page Finding the RSS Feed for a Website The websites you already read may have an RSS feed. So you want to find it. Go to Feedster tool and enter in a website. It will return the feed for you. Finding the RSS Feed for a Website The most common is an XML icon like this: , but there are a number of variations on label (RSS, RSS2, XML, RDF, Atom), colour, and size, such as and . Other times there may not be an image, but text with one of those lables, or a link labeled “Syndicate this site.” Miscellaneous • • • GeoURL has a database of websites along with the physical location (latitude and longitude) that the website (or creator) lives in. Many, but not all of the websites are blogs. Click on the map, and you will see a listing of websites within 500 miles of the spot you choose. Miscellaneous • • SourceForge is a gigantic software development website, where thousands of open source projects are developed. SourceForge itself has a number of RSS feeds, as does every single project. Miscellaneous • • • myRSS allows you to create RSS feeds for websites that don’t already have them. The scraping (see paragraph two of this page) isn’t perfect, but it works well for many sites. It is free, but only updates once a day and shows self advertising, unless you sponsor them. Miscellaneous • • So, it would still be a good idea to e-mail the webmasters and ask them to create an RSS feed. People have already used myRSS to create lots of feeds: you can search, browse using DMOZ categories, and check out the top 100 RSS feeds by popularity. 小结 什么是新闻同步/RSS/FEED(s) 如何获取FEED(s) 如何应用FEED--(SharperReader/PustNoke)
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