TPR (Total Physical Response)

TPR
(Total Physical Response)
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彭雅彗
沈菀琳
郭茜文
藍曼欣
鄭旭涵
Claire
Angel
Sharon
Cindy
Annie
TPR
*INTRODUCTION
*TEACHING METHOD
*EXPLANATION
*CONCLUSION
Introduction
Theory Background
 Dr. James J. Asher
 1970’s
 “Learning Another Language Through
Actions”
The viewpoint of language
 Use imperative and concrete object to
teach
 Asher indicates that human has a set
of language acquisition device (LAD)
 When learners decode enough
language, they will speak out without
thinking
Teaching Objective
 Learning through actions
 Comprehension is more important
than representation
 Learners should listen to more
meaningful sentences and response
in gesture
The viewpoint of instruction
 Trace theory-oral repeat, gesture or
body action
 Humanism-learner’s emotion
The description of proper term
 Comprehension: In education, it has
roughly the same meaning as
understanding.
 Action: A process or condition of
acting or moving
Reference
 廖曉青(2002), 英語教學法
 Asher. J. (1982). Learning Another
Language Through Actions : the
Complete Teacher’s Guide Book.
Los Gatos, California: Sky Oaks
Productions
Teaching Method
First class
 Goal: students will be able to identify 6 parts of
the body and learn the verb” point to”
ex: point to your head/nose/ear…
 Material: no
 Vocabulary: head, nose, chin, ear, face, mouth
 Activities: listen and point
 Outcome: teachers will evaluate the students’
learning by playing games or make them do
the actions individually
Second class
Review:
Touch your
mouth
chin
head
nose
ear
face
Second class
Teach:
 Stand up
 Sit down
 Point to the wall
ceiling
door
chair
table
floor
Second class
Teach: go to school
Walk to the classroom → Open the door→
Close the door→ Walk to your seat→
Put down your school bag→ Sit down→
Take out your textbook
Explanation
T P R class arrange
 Goal : our goal is to let the beginners
have the initial speaking skill and the
comprehension is the way to achieve
this goal.
 How many vocabulary items in
one lesson: Nine new vocabulary
items in one lesson is an average
achievable goal
Ask for/expect no oral participation
 If you do have a student with some very
limited oral production skills in your
class, he is probably going to want to
recite along with you. You will need to
persuade him to do it with his mouth
only and not voice his sounds so that
other class members listen only to
native speaker modeling. Don’t
encourage verbal responses from the
students – only actions.
The roles teacher and students play
 Teacher is like a director of a drama.
Students are like the performers.
 Teacher will issue the command and
students are just the passive receivers
 Teacher shouldn’t correct too much
about students’ mistakes and shouldn’t
interrupt students’ speech by correcting
the mistakes, because this will hinder
them.
Material
 TPR usually doesn’t have material.
But in the later part, material
becomes more important.
 As for beginners, teacher doesn’t use
the material, because teacher’s voice,
actions and gestures are enough for
teaching activities.
Teaching activities
 The teacher uses the imperative form of
the verb throughout (Point to … Walk to
…Touch the etc.)
 Teacher have to notice that when we
make a command, we need to make it
proper order.
First, teacher should follow the principle
of listening first and speaking later on.
Second, we should let the command
chronologically
Teaching steps
Every TPR lesson needs to include four
steps:
 1)Review
 2)teaching/learning.
 3)practices or rehearsal.
 4)testing or evaluation.
Conclusion
Advantages
 Stress-free
 Long-term retention
 Easy to implement/no translation
 New playing field: no disadvantage
for academically weaker students
Advantages
 Trains students to react to language
and not think about it too much
 Repetition is disguised: more
effective input
 Different style of teaching/learning
Disadvantages
 Students who are not used to such
things might find it embarrassing.
 It is only really suitable for beginner
levels.
 You can't teach everything with it.
 TPR is not a complete method but a
teaching skill.

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