Damage survey of the 2015 Nepal Earthquake Kathmandu City Takashi KIYOTA Geo-disaster Mitigation Engineering Durbar Square and its surrounding area The historical buildings in Durbar Square were severely damaged. However, although there are many old structures in its surrounding area, the damage to them was limited. No serious damage to RC frame structures. ダルバール地区の多くの歴史的構造物が壊滅的な被害を受けた。Photo 1は王宮の被害の様子である。一方、周辺市街地の構造物被害率は高くない。Photo 3は組石造アパートの崩壊現場である。RCフレーム構造の被害は限定的であった。 After Before After Before Photo.1 Damage to Kathmandu Tower Photo.2 Undamaged buildings Photo.3 Four masonry buildings were collapsed. No damage to RC frame structures. Damage to highway A number of fissures and settlements were found around the highway. Since this area is a small valley which is linked with loose/soft ground condition, the settlement/slope failure of filled/natural deposit may have occurred. 空港近くの幹線道路で1~2mの沈下が発生した。被災道路は谷筋を跨ぐように建設されており、谷埋め盛土もしくはその下位の軟弱地盤の沈下もしくはすべり破壊によるものと考えられる。Photo 6は道路盛土であるが、奥の通常盛土は沈下し、手前の補強盛土の被害は限定的であった。 Photo.4 Road settlement Photo.5 Settlement (1.2m) Photo.6 Settlement of conventional embankment. Minor damage to reinforced RW. Relationship between damage and microtopography Severe damaged buildings in the investigated area are shown in Fig. 1. Many collapsed houses and buildings were found in the alluvial deposit area near Bishunumati River. カトマンズ市内で建物に非常に顕著な被害が発生した地区の様子である。低中層構造物の倒壊や傾斜が多く確認された。Fig. 1は調査を行ったエリア（赤線）で確認された倒壊構造物の分布である。多くの倒壊構造物は川に近い沖積地盤上にあり、洪積地盤上では被害が少ない。 Photo. 7 Collapsed buildings located within an alluvial soft deposit area Fig. 1 Location of damaged buildings and microtopography KIYOTA Lab., Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo 2015