GA2 #2

Transgenerational plasticity in a
multi stressor environment.
Is there potential for evolution?
Balsam Al-Janabi, Tobias Lipsewers, Elena Ricevuto, Laura Stapp
CeMEB Advanced Course 2013
Multiple Stressors of a changing climate
pH
Climate change
has to be
analyzed as a
multi-factorial
and multi-variate
approach
Life
Stages
T
Evidence of carry over effect and climate change
Hypothesis
Acclimation of adults to an environmental
stressor will change the reaction norm of their
offspring to this particular stressor.
Acclimation to multiple stressors might cause
additive, counteracting or neutral effects.
Echinus esculentus
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Edible
Responsible for barren grounds
Ecological relevance
Known life-cycle
Model organism
Experimental design
and Methods
PART 1
KCl
T°C
pCO2
T°C
pCO2
Parental
generation
Parental
generation
T°C
pCO2
Parental
generation
T°C
pCO2
Parental
generation
Exposure until
settlement
F1
T°C
pCO2
F1
T°C
pCO2
F1
T°C
pCO2
F1
T°C
pCO2
T°C =+5°C
pCO2 =+1000μatm
High
Control
Replicates= 3 for
each treatment
PART 2
After Settlement
Exposure
Original
treatment
T°C
pCO2
F1
T°C
pCO2
T°C
pCO2
F1
T°C
pCO2
T°C
pCO2
F1
T°C
pCO2
T°C
pCO2
F1
T°C
pCO2
“Common Garden
Approach”
Analysis of Samples
Fitness and performance measures in adults
Respiration rate
Counting the eggs (Part 1)
Gene Expression of GOI (Hsp70, Hsp90, SM30,
SM50, msp130)
Analysis of Samples
Fitness and performance measures in:
PART1 and PART2 larvae/juvenile
Survival
Growth (confocal microscopy)
Calcification (confocal microscopy)
Respiration rate (Oxygen probes)
Metabolite profiling (HR-MAS NMR)
Gene Expression of GOI (Hsp70, Hsp90, SM30,
SM50, msp130 )
Outcomes
Are there carry
over effects?
Carry over effects
of multiple
stressors
Do they persist
within the F1
generation?
How?
…Pilot study!
Research Budget
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Travelling – 800 €
Laboratory equipment – 500 €
Oxygen probes – 300 €
Genetic analysis – 500 €
Board & lodging – 800 €
Publication costs/Dissemination – 1000 €
Money, get away
Get a good job with more
pay
And your O.K.
References
Salinas, A. Munch, S.B. (2012) Thermal legacies: transgenerational effects of temperature on growth in a vertebrate,
Ecology Letters.
Uller, T. Developmental plasticity and the evolution of parental effects. Trends in Ecology
and Evolution Vol.23 No.8.
Kurihara, H. Takano, Y. Kurokawa, D. Akasaka, K. (2012) Ocean acidification reduces biomineralization-related gene
expression in the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. MARINE BIOLOGY.
BASHEY, F. (2006) Cross-generational environmental effects and the evolution of offspring size in the Trinidadian
guppy Poecilia reticulata. Evolution.
Runcie, E. (2012) , Genetics of gene expression responses to temperature stress in a sea urchin gene network.
Molecular Ecology.
L. M. Parker, P. M. Ross, W. A. O'Connor, L Borysko , D A. Raftos, H.O. Pörtner (2012). Adult exposure influences
offspring response to ocean acidification in oysters. Global Change Biology, Volume 18, Issue 1
H. S Findlay, M. A. Kendall1, J. I. Spicer2, S. Widdicombe (2009). Future high CO2 in the intertidal may compromise
adult barnacle Semibalanus balanoides survival and embryonic development rate. Mar Ecol Prog Ser, Vol. 389: 193–
202, 2009
Pictures:
http://www.2gourmaniacs.com/fine-food-food-photography/sea-urchin-uni-decembers-delicate-treat/
http://theterramarproject.org/thedailycatch/off-palos-verdes-peninsula-purple-sea-urchins-devour-kelp-fores/
http://www.vanaqua.org/files/3013/1913/4319/sea-otter-urchin-buffet.jpg
http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/echinoid-directory/intro/reproduction.html
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012160605002691

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