2/6/2014 V19 – X26 User Course X26 Recertification V19 – X26 User Course State Certification Requirements Illinois 95th General Assembly Resolution 0051 Requires Manufacturer’s Certification on Elector-Muscular Disruption Technology (EMDT) Employed by Illinois law Enforcement and Correctional Officers User Certification Course TASER®Conducted Electrical Weapon TASER International Requires Annual Recertification Version 19 Released April 2013 See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Goal of this Training See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course TASER CEWs Are Not Risk Free To provide the theory and practical training necessary to reasonably, safely and effectively operate the TASER X26 Conducted Electrical Weapon (CEW). Material updates conducted on-line by instructor within 72 hours of each class See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Safety Rules At this time, review all current TASER Warnings contained in the instructor manual See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Definitions TASER Conducted Electrical Weapon (CEW) The Instructor will act as safety officer during the static live fire exercises The Taser is described as an Conducted Electrical Weapon (CEW) which uses propelled wires or direct contact to conduct energy to affect the sensory and motor functions of the nervous system The term describing the incapacitating effects of Taser is Neuro-Muscular Incapacitation (NMI) See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. Version 18 07/11 See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. 1 2/6/2014 V19 – X26 User Course TASER X26 CEW Nomenclature V19 – X26 User Course Human Nervous System Illumination Selector Switch TASER Cartridge AFID Tags Front Sight Probes Central Nervous System Serial Number Plate The Brain and Spinal Cord act as the Command Center for the Human Nervous System Safety Switch Central Information Display (CID) Sensory Nervous System System of nerves that send signals to the brain about things such as pain “Drive Stunning” effects these nerves DPM Release Button Trigger DPM Built-in Laser Sight Low Intensity Lights Stainless Steel Shock Plate See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Motor Nervous System The TASER CEW systems affect both the sensory and motor nervous systems Muscles responsible for skeletal muscular movement See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Voluntary Exposure TASER does not require an exposure to the TASER for User Re-Certification TASER does strongly recommend exposure during initial certification TASER protocol for voluntary exposure requires that two “spotters” hold the volunteer under the arm to stabilize the shoulder and upper arm. During exposure the volunteer may be held up or carefully lowered to the ground. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Yellow Blast Doors 15 feet Silver Blast Doors 21 feet Green Blast Doors 25 feet Blue Cartridge LS Trainer See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. Version 18 07/11 See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course TASER Cartridge Probe Assembly See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. 2 2/6/2014 V19 – X26 User Course V19 – X26 User Course TASER Cartridge Electricity is conducted down the metal contacts and energizes ignition pin. Primer The electricity fires a small primer that forces the nitrogen capsule rearward into a hollow puncture pin that releases the compressed nitrogen into the probe chambers, which forces the probes out of the bores. Probes Nitrogen Capsule Puncture Pin AFIDs The blast doors, probes, probe wires, foam poron pads, ejectors and AFIDs are then propelled forward. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course 15, 21 & 25 foot TASER Cartridges V19 – X26 User Course Cannot Discharge May Discharge The top probe is “horizontal” relative to CEW 8° Spent Cartridge Bottom probe 8-degrees down provides for spread See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. Live Cartridge. Blast Doors Missing. NOT Reliable! See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course V19 – X26 User Course Inspect Cartridge Daily AFIDs During “Spark Test” Blast Doors in Tact Check for Cracks Locking Tabs Expiration Date See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. Version 18 07/11 See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. 3 2/6/2014 V19 – X26 User Course Loading TASER Cartridges Avoid placing hand In front of cartridge while loading Make sure Safety is on V19 – X26 User Course Loading TASER Cartridges Assure that cartridge is properly and completely seated Point in a safe direction See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Cartridge Safety V19 – X26 User Course Hand In Front of TASER Cartridge Cartridge is deployed by an electrical discharge Cartridge deployment can be caused by static electricity Even if not attached to TASER Always keep hands away from the front of cartridge DO NOT inadvertently point cartridge at yourself or others See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Hand In Front of TASER Cartridge V19 – X26 User Course Reloading and Failure Drills Officers should periodically practice reloading and failure drills Spent cartridges can be used for these drills but it is important to: Visually inspect each cartridge to verify there are no probes in it Visually inspect each cartridge to verify there are no wires in it Spent cartridge Front view See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. Version 18 07/11 Load cartridge, point in safe direction and discharge one cycle to ensure it is empty See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. 4 2/6/2014 V19 – X26 User Course V19 – X26 User Course Prior to Firing Probes a Announce, “TASER! TASER!” In a clear loud voice Probe Placement and To Inform other officers of impending deployment Targeted Areas Avoid misunderstanding of possible gun fire a Not intended as a warning Don’t give up “Element of Surprise” See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course V19 – X26 User Course V17 Do not intentionally target sensitive areas of the body with the TASER Head Throat Chest/breast Chest area near the heart Genitals Known pre-existing injury areas Unless it can be Justified See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Preferred Target area for back shots Preferred Target area for front shots Lower center mass (below chest or area of the heart) and legs See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. Version 18 07/11 V19 – X26 User Course Below the neck area for back shots See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. 5 2/6/2014 V19 – X26 User Course Targeting the persons back is usually preferable because: The back of the body has larger muscles Reduced risk of hitting a sensitive body part Clothing usually fits tighter across the back V19 – X26 User Course Frontal Deployment Considerations When deploying probes to the front of a person’s body, the CEW should generally be aimed: So as to “split the hemispheres” (the beltline) Surprise factor See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course V19 – X26 User Course Line Up The TASER With The Target Drive Stun • Keep TASER in line with target • MUST get both probes on target • May need to angle so bottom probe hits leg • May need to turn CEW sideways if subject is laying down See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course A Drive Stun will effect the Sensory Nervous System It should be applied as a “Pain Compliance” Technique Do not hold on to a live cartridge while applying a drive-stun Give clear commands prior to applying Drive Stun If there is non-compliance, deliver a Drive Stun Cease Drive Stun immediately when compliance is achieved If cartridge gets within 2 inches of the TASER device, during a Drive Stun, it may deploy Handcuff and Secure Subject ASAP once compliance is achieved See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. Version 18 07/11 See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. 6 2/6/2014 V19 – X26 User Course Drive-Stun V19 – X26 User Course Probe Deployment vs. Drive Stun For maximum effectiveness, drive the TASER device into certain pressure points Cartridge deployment, even at very close range, is often more desirable than a Drive Stun (with cartridge removed) (green areas) Both probes make contact for the full 5 seconds Use care when applying the drive-stun to the neck or groin Less chance of multiple “signature marks” on the person (yellow areas) Stay away from the trachea and back of the neck NMI can be achieved if a drive stun is applied greater than 12 inches from the darts. (red area) See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course V19 – X26 User Course Drive Stun “Signature” Marks (X26) Drive Stun Drive Stun might not be very effective because Ability to achieve desired pressure point application may be difficult with a combative subject Drive stun marks - fresh Drive stun marks – 1 day Drive stun marks – 6 days Drive stun marks – 7 days Contact point spread on front of TASER generally not large to cause NMI Difficulty in maintaining contact with combative subjects See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Injuries From Falls Elements increasing the risk of injuries from TASER deployment The Neuro-Muscular Incapacitation effect of the TASER frequently causes people to fall “Secondary Impact” injuries cited in numerous court cases Falls, even from ground level, can cause serious injury You must carefully consider the likelihood of “secondary impact injuries” created by the environment and surroundings See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. Version 18 07/11 See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. 7 2/6/2014 V19 – X26 User Course V19 – X26 User Course Examples of persons who are at an elevated risk of secondary effects from CEW exposure include: Additional Elevated Risk Populations Running Persons In water (drowning risk) Persons in elevated positions Obviously pregnant Sensitive target areas Obviously frail or infirm Persons in a flammable environment Small children Low body-mass index (BMI) persons See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course V19 – X26 User Course Physiologic or Metabolic Effects Brief Overview of Selected Portions of Medical and Safety Review TASER’s CEW Research Index and other documents and materials contained on the Training DVD and on TASER’s website. Studies have show that certain physiological or metabolic effects occur in people as a result of many of the various types and methods of force used by police in making arrests. As with any use of force, the longer the CEW exposure the greater the potential cumulative physiological or metabolic effects. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Cardiac Cardiac • Risk of an CEW application having a negative effect on a person’s heart rate and/or rhythm is Very Low, not zero • The risk of an CEW causing cardiac arrest in humans from ventricular fibrillation is sufficiently remote that making accurate estimates is very difficult. Current estimates of the risk are on the order of 1 in 100,000 applications See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. Version 18 07/11 V19 – X26 User Course Experts have identified the following key factors related to CEW cardiac risks: – Dart-to-heart (“DTH”) distances, – Amount of delivered electrical charge The further a CEW dart is away from the heart and the lower the delivered electrical charge the lower the risk of the CEW affecting the heart. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. 8 2/6/2014 V19 – X26 User Course V19 – X26 User Course CEW “Smart Use” Considerations Legal TASER does not provide legal advice. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Courts Have Ruled That: The use of a CEW (TASER) on a person involves the application of force Each additional CEW (TASER) is considered an additional use force Multiple CEW applications cannot be justified solely on the grounds that a person fails to comply with a command V19 – X26 User Course 4th Amendment U.S. Constitution Standard: In judging whether [an officer’s] actions were reasonable, we must consider the risk of bodily harm that [the officer’s] actions posed to [the person] in light of the [person’s] threat to the public that [the officer] was trying to eliminate. Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372, 383 (2007) See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course 4th Amendment – CEW Probe Mode CEW in dart mode constitutes an “intermediate, significant level” of force that must be1 justified by a strong government interest - Pepper spray and batons are also intermediate force options. CEW against a non-violent misdemeanant who appeared to pose no immediate threat and who was given no warning was 2 unconstitutional excessive force See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. Version 18 07/11 V19 – X26 User Course 4th Amendment “It is an excessive and unreasonable use of force for a police officer repeatedly to administer electrical shocks with a [CEW] on an individual who no longer is armed, has been brought to the ground, has been restrained physically by several other officers, and no longer is actively resisting arrest.” Meyers v. Baltimore County MD See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. 9 2/6/2014 V19 – X26 User Course Additional Force Factors • Court may consider "the availability of [less injurious] alternative methods of capturing or subduing a suspect.” • Court may consider what officers knew about the suspect's health, mental condition, or other relevant frailties. • Officer should give a warning before force when appropriate. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Considerations to Avoid CEW Excessive Force Liability If person is not an immediate threat or flight risk from a serious event the CEW generally should not be used if: The person is passively resisting The person is perceived to be mentally ill Without the officer first attempting to use negotiations, commands or physical skills See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Courts Have Ruled That: Probe Deployment has been determined to be a “more intrusive” use of force than a Drive Stun V19 – X26 User Course Tactical Considerations Use the Least Number of CEW Discharges to Accomplish Lawful Objectives Avoid Multiple, Repeated Exposures When Possible See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course V19 – X26 User Course Total or Cumulative CEW Exposures Contingencies Officers should attempt to minimize the total or cumulative CEW exposure duration by: Any use of force has a risk of death or serious bodily harm Use the “window of opportunity” to restrain The lower the number of force applications to accomplish lawful objectives the better Cuffing under power If circumstances require multiple or extended duration discharges, the operator should carefully: observe the person during breaks and provide breaks in the CEW exposure when practicable See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. Version 18 07/11 Nothing works 100% of the time and contingencies should be considered. The use of force must be in compliance with appropriate legal and policy standards and requirements See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. 10 2/6/2014 V19 – X26 User Course V19 – X26 User Course Controlling and Handcuffing “Under Power” When a violently resistive subject is incapacitated by the TASER, and it reasonably safe to do so, the control officer should handcuff the subject under power to: Reduce the need for additional cycles, exposure or cumulative exposures Reduce the likelihood that subject will roll during the cycle Reduce the potential of injury to the officer(s) while person is incapacitated only during the cycle See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course Flammability Activated CEW’s can ignite: In the “Contact & Cover” approach, the TASER operator becomes the cover officer The need for multiple repeated cycles may be avoided if contact officer(s) are available to handcuff the subject See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course TASER X26 Data-port TASER X26 date download records include: Date and time of each discharge Records 1500 deployments Gasoline vapors The remaining battery strength Butane Some personal defense sprays (O.C. spray) The duration of the discharge Some hair sprays or gels The internal temperature of the X26 See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course TRIGGER OPERATION See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course X26 DPM Upgrading The standard CEW cycle if the trigger is pulled and released is 5 seconds When a new DPM, which contains newer software, is inserted a programming upgrade will occur If the safety switch of the X26 is put in the down (SAFE) position during the discharge cycle, the cycle will stop immediately. A “P” is displayed in the CID during this upgrade process which takes approximately 10-12 seconds If the trigger on an X26 is held down beyond 5 seconds the electrical discharge will continue until the trigger is released If you see a “P” in the CID of an X26 leave it alone until after it has finished the boot up sequence See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. Version 18 07/11 See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. 11 2/6/2014 V19 – X26 User Course Spark Test V19 – X26 User Course TASER Radio Interference 400 megahertz (MHz) radios can interfere with proper X26 operation when: A daily “Spark Test” on the TASER is recommended to verify the CEW is operating They are in close proximity to each other The safety switch is in the up (ARMED) position The radio is keyed See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. V19 – X26 User Course More info: www.TASER.com (updated regularly with new videos and current news) 17800 N. 85th St Scottsdale, AZ 85255-9603 800-978-2737 Made in Scottsdale, AZ USA Email: [email protected] See Trademark Notice file on DVD. © 2013 TASER International Inc. Version 18 07/11 12
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