Battery Systems for Grid Stability

Battery Systems for Grid Stability –
policy matters !
Alfons Westgeest
Executive Director
BCI Convention
www.eurobat.org
29 April
2014
[email protected]
Part I: About EUROBAT
Part II: Overall technology learning curve
Part III: Policy Matters
BCI Convention
29 April 2014
About EUROBAT
Association of European Automotive and Industrial Battery
Manufacturers
 Association: of European manufacturers and supply
chain of automotive and industrial batteries
 Represents: industry at European level (EU institutions)
and global
 Provides: expert information to stakeholders
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Includes:
29 April
2014
important players and the four battery
technologies (Lead, Lithium, Sodium and Nickel)
Member Operations in Europe and
Neighbouring countries
19 member companies &
28 suppliers =
> 30,000 direct jobs !
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Membership
Battery Manufacturers
Supply Industry
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Close Cooperation with relevant trade
associations of the industry
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
ACEA (car manufacturers)
CLEPA (automotive suppliers)
EARPA (automotive research)
EUCAR (automotive R&D)
AVERE (e-mobility)
Going Electric (e-mobility)
EGVI (Green Vehicles Initiative)
UITIP (public transport)
• EU Institutions (EP, EC, Council, EESC,
CoR, JRC)
• Technology Platforms (ERTRAC, ERRAC,
EPoSS, EWE, Photovoltaic
BCI Smartgrids,
Convention
Platform)
29
April 2014
• EU-funded Projects (Batteries2020, Green
eMotion, ELVA)
• Standardisation Bodies (CEN, CENELEC,
ISO, IEC)
• Cars 21 EU High Level Platform
• Form for the Automotive & Society
• Business Europe
• NGOs (Transport & Environment, WWF)
• Media (Cars21, Batteries International)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
ARE (rural electrification)
EPIA (PV)
EWEA (Wind)
EURELECTRIC (electricity)
ESA (electricity storage)
EEF (energy forum)
EASE (storage of energy)
• EPBA (portable batteries)
• RECHARGE (rechargable
batteries)
• ZVEI (batteries – Germany)
• ANIE (Energy /Batteries, Italy)
• BCI (batteries – USA)
• BAJ (batteries – Japan)
• EBRA (battery recycling)
• EuroMetaux (non-ferrous
metals – EU)
• Nickel Institute
• WVM (metals – Germany)
• ILA (lead)
• ICDA (cadmium)
European-wide and global
Manufacturing in Europe:
Commitments to the future
 Adapting to new applications and developing new solutions
 Continuing strong compliance with EU and global health, safety and
environment rules
 High recycling rate of the materials underline sustainability of our products
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29 April 2014
Global picture on energy needs
Africa: A Continent Asking for Power
The Economist
27 September 2014: power
shortages that have been
holding Africa back are at
last easing
Electricity = economic
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development
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Part II: Overall technology trends and learning curve
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29 April 2014
Batterie technologies
4 battery families dominating the automotive and industrial battery market:
Lead based
Proven application
Low production cost
Closed loop
Nickel based
Consumer, HEV
Long life
BCI Convention
29 April 2014 Lithium based Consumer, HEV, EV
Sodium based Large storage options
LOW
COST
High energy
density, weight
HIGH
DENSITY
Energy density, weight
HIGH
DENSITY
Towards realistic European
competitive automotive batteries
FP7- Materials for Green Cars [GC.NMP.2013-1 Grant. 608936]
Coordinator: IK4-Ikerlan
Budget: 8.4 M€ (EU contribution: 5.8 M€)
Duration: September 2013 – August 2016
Participant
Nº
Partner
Type of
company
1 (CO)
RTD
2
LARGE
COMPANY
3
RTD
4
RTD
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5
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6
7
8
9
LARGE
COMPANY
Role
Testing, modelling, validation and
coordination
Materials developer and
ecconomic assesment
Testing, post mortem analysis.
Materials recycling
Testing, modelling, LCA
Seconf life user, economic
assesment
Dissemination, economic
ASSOCIATION
assessment and standardization
LARGE
Battery manufacturer and
COMPANY economic assessment
Application specs & real usage
RTD
profiles, testing and assesment
Testing second life, economic
RTD
assessment
2020
Automotive: Joint Industry Cooperation
 Joint industry cooperation (EUROBAT – ILA
– car industry (ACEA – JAMA – KAMA) to
provide information for the review of the ELV
Directive
 Four studies were prepared:
1. A review of Batteries for Automotive Applications;
2. Life Cycle Assessment of Lead-based Batteries in
Passenger Vehicles;
3. Resource Availability of Materials used in
Automotive Batteries Technologies;
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Study on the End-of-Life of Lead in automotive
29 April4.
2014
batteries in the European Union.
Significant impact on the overall
performance and cost of vehicles, if
established battery applications were to be
replaced with alternative technologies;
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Electrification
Automotive: Technology Portfolio: All
technologies play a role, competitively
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+
+
+
+
EV
PHEV
HEV
+
+
12V + 48V
Micro Hybrid
Start-Stop
High Efficiency
Conventional Combustion Engine
Battery Energy Storage Forecast - Global
Residential
community
market tiny,
possibly
growing fast
in certain
countries
and region
source: IHS
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Growth
of
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storage
Battery Energy Storage Technologies – All
technologies playing a role - Global
 Navigant is
usually quite
conservative
 Like the
Bloomberg
view, it does
include all
battery
technologies
 Add Sodium
BCI NiCL
Convention
and
29 potential
April 2014other
technologies
Benefits of battery energy storage:
Grid operators
Peak shaving in low
voltage grid
BES can store energy in periods of
low demand and release it in periods
of high demand
Load levelling in LV grid
BES can help grid operators to avoid fatal
overloads in power of grid devices by
shifting load from peak to base load
periods
Integration of renewable energy into the grid
BES can reduce renewable peak generation, storing energy during periods of peak
production and releasing it when needed, favouring the growth of renewables in the
energy mix
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29 April 2014
Frequency regulation
Voltage control
BES can store energy to balance a
grid area with high frequency
instability, also providing reserve
capabilities to wind and solar
generators
BES can maintain the voltage profile within
a defined range storing energy when the
voltage is high
Benefits of battery energy storage:
Customers
Time-shift for self
consumption
Uninterruptible Power Supply
(UPS)
BES can provide power during
renewables non-generation hours,
increasing households independency
from the grid
BES can provide backup power during
power outage periods
BCISmoothing
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of RES feed-in
BES can smooth renewable energy
sources (RES) feed-in by providing,
absorbing and delivering power to
limit fluctuations of feed-in electricity
in the low voltage grid
Time-shift for feed-in
BES can create economic value through
electrical energy trading to the local utility
industry via “storing-selling-consumption
Part III: Policy Matters
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II - EU Regulatory Challenges
Content
Target
Curtailment of Renewable Energy
- Installed (over)capacity removes incentive for new storage
systems
- Less energy waste and creating demand for storage
Product value
studies and
mandates not to
curtail
Unlocking
Grid
Function
Definition of Energy Storage
- Most member states define storage as “Generating Asset”
- European market is lacking
- R&D and Investment, Jobs continuation
Rewarding of grid
functionality from
batteries
ACER
Regulators
Commitment
Studies into the
Improvement of
Market Value
DG Energy
together with
EUROBAT
Debates like today
Media
What issues are hampering the development of storage
Streams for battery energy storage. Remove disBCIValue
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for distributed energy storage
29incentives
April 2014
-
Certain storage services cannot be placed on the market
Arbitrage, Frequency Controls is a necessity
Energy Security on European level is high priority in EU
Energy Security on mid-level and local level is emerging
Building Efficiency; Residential storage only way for RES
Countries are most important arena to discuss & resolve
Local and Regional cooperation in addition to EU & Member States
Simplified: Proposals to increase markets
and energy security in Europe
What issues are hampering the development of storage
Curtailment of Renewable Energy
1.
Ensure the efficient use of wind and solar in the European grid
 Introduce financial penalties to limit/eliminate (renewable energy)
«curtailment»
Definition of Energy Storage
2. Open market for storage to all operators
 End definition of storage as «regulated generating asset»
Streams
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3.
Remove dis-incentives for distributed energy storage in the proposed
EU package
 Ensure remaining «incentives» encourage rather than discourage investment
in storage
Countries are most important arena to discuss & resolve
Local and Regional cooperation in addition to EU & Member States
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What to do:
Proposals to increase storage investment
1. Open market for storage to all operators
 End definition of storage as «regulated generating asset»
2. Ensure efficient use of wind and solar in the
European grid
 Penalties to limit/eliminate RE «curtailment» by utilities
3. Remove dis-incentives for distributed energy
storage
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 Ensure remaining «incentives» encourage rather than
discourage investment in storage
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How to do?
Large and Complex task
What issues are hampering the development of storage
1. Meeting DG Energy, Dominique Ristori
 Regulation and Policy, ongoing; studies on storage roadmap (also to
EASE, European Storage Association)
 New European Commission
 New European Parliament
2. Work in the countries and regions
 Italy, UK, Germany…
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 The Committee of Regulators - ACER
29 April 2014
3. Cooperate with the Universities, JRC and stakeholders
(customer and policy conference)
 BESTEST and other R&D input to policies
 Storage functionality is broad; unlocking multiple options
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Commission
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Conclusions
1. Batteries in Europe: ensuring sustainable R&D,
manufacturing and use of all technologies
2. Contributing to the long term policies for low
carbon economies, including building efficiency,
transport, storage, electrification
3.
A
lot
of
work
to
do
on
Energy
Policies
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Thank you
EUROBAT Forum
11-12 June 2015, Brussels
visit www.eurobat.org
BCI Conventionor email [email protected]
29 April 2014
26

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