Presented - PV Navigator

Sustainable, Environmentally
Conscious, Photovoltaic (PV)
Developments in Qatar on
Industrial Land
Presented at “Solar Qatar Summit”, Doha, Qatar
17-18 November, 2014
Contact:
Ian A. Webster, Sc.D. and Nariman Nourbakhsh, Ph.D.
714-863-0483
[email protected]
&
[email protected]
S U N L I G H T + L A N D = P O W E R
1 Pointe Drive, Suite 320
Brea, CA 92821
714.388.1800
www.pvnavigator.com | www.projectnavigator.com
“Will renewable energy ruin an 'irreplaceable'
Mojave desert oasis?” – LA Times, California
On threats to the natural California
deserts from PV solar developments
(LA Times, Nov 9, 2014)
Source: http://www.latimes.com/science/la-me-solar-silurian-20141109-story.html#page=1
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In Contrast, PNL Works in a Niche Business Space...
…We Develop PV Solar Projects on Landfills or “Low Value Land.”
Idea: Could This Work in Qatar?
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A PV Solar Program Development
Equation for Qatar
POWER
SUNLIGHT

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PV TECHNOLOGY
QAR
INTERCONNECT
LAND
 Focus
of this talk
 Qatar Vision 2030 Document
● Balance development and
land stewardship
 Reuse industrial land for solar.
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The Concept is Simple & Sustainable…
Reuse Industrial Lands Near Interconnect…
+
Grid
=
Landfill (e.g. Al Mesaieed Industrial City
Waste Landfill Area)
Source: http://www.geni.org/globalenergy/library/national_energy_grid/qatar/qatarnationalelectricitygrid.shtml
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…to Develop up to 10MW PV Installations.
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To Be Clear, We Are Not Suggesting Large
Scale, Desert-Located 50MW+ Projects.
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PNL Uses Fixed Tilt, Self Ballasted Systems
Which Are Placed on Landfill Caps.
This image shows a PNL PV rack
on the OII Landfill, Los Angeles.
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Large Scale (100MW+) Solar Facilities Are Planned for the U.S.
Southwest.
However, They Face Permitting, Financing,
and Interconnect Challenges.
Not so for Urban Located Landfill or Brownfield Sites.
Landfill Gas-to-Power
Perforated
Gas Pipe
Typical Landfill
20 to 200 acres
Methane and
Carbon Dioxide
Breakdown Process
of Landfill Waste
Waste/
Complex
Organics
Organic
Acids
Blower & Flare
Station
Landfill
Gas
Landfill Gas
Collection Wells
in Waste
Other Landfill Monitoring
Systems (e.g. for
groundwater)
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Power Generation via Gas Turbine
or Steam Cycle Systems
Methane and
Carbon Dioxide
Landfill gas (LFG) migrates to
waste prism extraction wells and
the associated collection systems.
The LFG is conveyed via a network
of pipes to feed a power
generation plant.
Landfill Sites are Excellent Platforms for PV Solar Facilities.
Flat Acreage, Close to Load and Interconnect, Putting
Otherwise Unusable Acreage Back to Use.
PV Solar Power
Photovoltaic Cell
Detailed cross-section
Electric
Current
Glass covering
The sun
gives off
about 400
trillion watts
of power
Solar Panel
Not to scale
Transparent adhesive
Anti-reflection coating
A photovoltaic (or PV) cell is a specially treated wafer of silicon, sandwiched
between two thin contact plates. The top contact is positively charged and
the back contact is negatively charged, making it a semiconductor.
• The n-type semiconductor has an abundance of electrons, giving it a
negative charge, while the p-type semiconductor is positively charged.
• Electron movement at the p-n junction produces an electric field that
allows only electrons to flow from the p-type layer to the n-type layer.
• When sunlight hits the solar cell, its energy knocks electrons loose from
the atoms in the semiconductor.
• When the electrons hit the electrical field, they’re shuttled to the top
contact plate and become a usable electric current.
• PV panels are mounted in racking systems specially designed to
accommodate landfill-specific requirements such as “no cap damage”
and “waste settlement.”
A typical racking module
is 10ft. By 20ft. and
generates 2.5kW. This
translates to about 1MW
from every 3-5 acres.
Landfill Gas-to-Power
Utility Company
DC/AC Inverter
Necessary to convert
electric current for
consumer use
Perforated
Gas Pipe
Methane and
Carbon Dioxide
Solar Power to the Grid
Excess energy from the solar array is
fed into the power grid. It helps
provide extra electricity to the
community, especially during peak
daytime hours.
Waste/
Complex
Organics
Organic
Acids
Blower & Flare
Station
Landfill
Gas
Solar Panels
Customers
Landfill Gas
Collection Wells
in Waste
Other Landfill Monitoring
Systems (e.g. for
groundwater)
Power Generation via Gas Turbine
or Steam Cycle Systems
Methane and
Carbon Dioxide
Landfill gas (LFG) migrates to
waste prism extraction wells and
the associated collection systems.
The LFG is conveyed via a network
of pipes to feed a power
generation plant.
The California Energy Commission
(CEC) Supports PNL’s Work.
Modules and Racking = 33% of costs
Impaired Land <1% of costs
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Let’s Review…How Did This “Solar on
Landfills” Concept Evolve in the USA?
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
500,000
Brownfield
sites

16 million
acres are
available for
development
of renewable
energy
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U.S. EPA Facilitated a Mapping Process to Screen
Industrial Land for Renewable Power
Developments…
Reference: US EPA, Handbook on
Siting Renewable Energy Projects
While Addressing Environmental
Issues, Figure 1-1.
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…and Refined it Specifically for PV Solar.
Reference: US EPA, Handbook on Siting Renewable Energy Projects While Addressing Environmental
Issues, Appendix C: EPA Tracked Sites with Renewable Energy Potential Mapped.
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At PNL, We Have Focused on Developing
PV Systems on Landfill Sites in California…
Legend
Landfill Site
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…and Especially the Los Angeles Basin…
OF NOTE:
Renewable Energy Goals
Qatar: 20% by 2024
California: 33% by 2020
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…Where for Planning, We Use GIS Tools to
Co-Locate the Landfills and the Power Grid.
Legend
Landfills
Transmission Lines
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Via this Planning Process, Site Assessments
Have Been Performed…
Milliken Landfill Site
Ontario, California
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…Resulting in Our 3MW Installation Under
Construction at the County of San Bernardino’s
Milliken Landfill in California...
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
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?
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…and a 5MW PV Project at a Former Oil Field
Waste Disposal Landfill Site.
PNL PV Facility in Design
Stage at a Former Oil Field
Waste Disposal Landfill
Location of SCE
Substation
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OK, So…What?
A Carefully Planned Land-Use Strategy Is Consistent with
Qatar’s Solar Power Development Strategy.

“Align Economic Growth
with Environmental
Management & Improved
Land-Use”

Target PV Power Supply to
be 20% by 2024?

(Ref: California is 33% by
2020)
Reference: Qatar General Secretariat for Development
Planning, Doha Towers, P.O. Box 1855, Doha, Qatar
www.gsdp.gov.qa
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Given These “Equations and Goals,” We’ve
Been Thinking…
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Qatar and Los Angeles Are Similarly Sized,
With Similar Renewable Power Objectives…
Kern
County
Qatar
11,500 sq. km
San Bernardino
County
Ventura
County
Los Angeles County
12,000 sq. km
Los Angeles
County
Orange
County
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20-30%
Power from
Renewables
by 2025
Riverside County
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An Idea… Consider Using GIS Tools to Cross
Reference Qatar’s Industrial and Landfill Space with
the Grid.
+
=
Umm Said Industrial Area
Potential brownfields locations for solar PV
Source: http://www.geni.org/globalenergy/library/national_energy_grid/qatar/qatarnationalelectricitygrid.shtml
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A Desktop GIS Exercise May Reveal
Locations by, for Example, the Al Mesaieed
Industrial City Waste Landfill.
?
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Develop a 3 MW photovoltaic solar array
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Using this GIS-Driven Feasibility Study Process, We Have
Developed a Portfolio of PV Development Opportunities in
the USA…and Could Do Likewise in Qatar??
Legend
Location
No Adjacent Interconnect
Presently Available
Size = MW Capacity
Color = Perceived Ease of Progress
Shape = Interconnect/No Interconnect Exists
Number = Corresponds to Site Name in Table
(#’s are not consecutive since prospects are
added/dropped)
--- = Denotes significant adjacent land,
expansion capacity
SW (& S) >>>
NE (& E) >>>
9
30
1-5
6-10
9
30
1-5
6-10
Interconnect Exists
80
4
11-20
1-5
80
4
11-20
1-5
2
5
6-10
11-20
2
5
6-10
11-20
September 2011*
Municipal Landfills
1
20
24
26
27
55
14
Private Landfills
30
23
21
9
16
38
40
47
33
15
44
37
22
39
4
3
36
28
8
32
11
31
35
5
7
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
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30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
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PLAN: STEP 1
Focus on “optioned” sites and
advance PV development process.
• Permitting
• Interconnect
• Optioned sites capacity 30-50
MW
43
42
41
50
58
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Type of Site
10
Brownfield/
Remediation Sites
53
52
34
2
6
18
51
56
57
13
49
17
19
45
48
59
12
Industrial Sites with
Ongoing
Operations
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PLAN: STEP 2
• Grow the portfolio, and achieve
“Site Control” at select sites
• Advance development of
opportunities within the portfolio
• Portfolio capacity > 300MW
City/County
Redevelopment
Agency Sites
PVN Consulting Services
Evaluations of the PV Solar
Potential of Fortune 500’s
Low Land Value, Industrial
Sites
•
•
•
CVX/CES
Coeur Mining
Gestampen
PLAN: STEP 3
Grow PV EPC-consulting business
to generate parallel revenue.
Completed/Underway
• Chevron
• UPRR
• Coeur Mining
Proposed
• COP
• WMX
• DuPont
• XOM
•
•
•
•
Clean Harbors
Waste Connections
Occidental Petroleum
Sherwin Williams
I/D
Conceptua
l Design
Site Control (SC) or
SC RFP Process
Option
Agreement
20% Design
Permits
Land Use | Utility
(Environmental)
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PPA
I/D EPC Contractor
Name
102nd Street
Amarillo Smelter
Barstow Landfill
Big Bear Landfill
BKK (Class III) Landfill
Bridgeport (DuPont Site)
Buena Vista Landfill
Chemicali
Coachella Burn Dump
Colton Landfill
Columbia Ridge Landfill
Coeur
Delaware City Landfill
Durez Inlet
Durez NT
Durez Packard Rd
El Paso Smelter
GE-Bridgeport
Gemcor Waste Site (CVX)
GEMS Landfill
Global Landfill
Hyde Park
Klamath Falls
Lake Arrowhead Landfill
SITE REMOVED
Lynchburg
Meadowlands Superfund Site
Milliken Landfill
Neptune Industrial
New Castle Landfill
Niagara
North Tonawanda
NYC-Owned Landfills
Oceanport Industrial
OII Landfill
Owens Corning Landfill
Palos Verdes Landfill
Pompton
Pottstown
Ramona Landfill
Republic Landfill Imperial County
Sayerville Landfill
SOLF Waretown Landfill
Spadra Landfill
Stringfellow Superfund Site
Tesoro Refinery
Tesquesite Landfill
Waretown Industrial
Waste Disposal, Inc. (WDI) Landfill
Final Design
Loc
NY
TX
CA
CA
CA
CT
NJ
IL
CA
CA
OR
NV
DE
NY
NY
NY
TX
CT
CA
NJ
NJ
NY
OR
CA
No.
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
Name
U.S. Gypsum
Selby
Concord NWS
MAR Services Site
Anguilla Landfill
Sharkey Landfill
Lawrenceville Refinery (CVX)
Ivanpah Ponds (CVX)
Durango DOE Landfill
Casa Grande (CVX)
* Sites highlighted were in the PVN
portfolio at September 2011.
VA
NJ
CA
NJ
DE
NY
NY
NY
NJ
CA
NJ
CA
NJ
NY
CA
CA
NJ
NJ
CA
CA
CA
CA
NJ
CA
Procure
Construction
(Interconnect)
Development Process
Loc
CA
CA
CA
LA
USVI
NJ
IL
NV
CO
AZ
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Operation
Conclusions: Solar Power Development on
Landfills & Waste Sites in Qatar
■ Preserve Valuable Qatari Land
■ Use Impacted Industrial Acreage for PV
■ Plan for 10’s of 5-10MW PV Installations Vs Large
200MW+ systems
■ Protect Natural Habitat from Large Scale PV
■ Establish a Data-Base-Driven Process for Site Selection
■ Use Existing Interconnect
■ Promote Sustainable Management Practices at Qatar’s
Landfills
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Sustainable, Environmentally
Conscious, Photovoltaic (PV)
Developments in Qatar on
Industrial Land
Presented at “Solar Qatar Summit”, Doha, Qatar
17-18 November, 2014
Contact:
Ian A. Webster, Sc.D. and Nariman Nourbakhsh, Ph.D.
714-863-0483
[email protected]
&
[email protected]
S U N L I G H T + L A N D = P O W E R
1 Pointe Drive, Suite 320
Brea, CA 92821
714.388.1800
www.pvnavigator.com | www.projectnavigator.com
PV Navigator, LLC At-a-Glance.
Thank you.
PV Solar on Landfills Focus
CA and NJ Sites in Permitting
300 MW Development Pipeline
Technical Expertise
Distributed Generation’s Growing Importance
6 MW Southern Ocean Landfill Project (NJ)
Use of Simple, Fixed Tilt, PV Systems
Caribbean Growth Initiative
Planning and Permitting Using Existing Data
100,000’s of Candidate Sites Nationwide
Established Teaming Partners
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Competitive PV Economics ($1/Watt by 2017)
We Were a Contributor to U.S. EPA’s “Best
Practices for Siting PV Solar on Landfills.”
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