Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational

ISSN : 2348 - 814X
EPRA
International Journal of
Environmental Economics, Commerce
and
Educational Management
Journal of the EPRA Trust
Vol-1
April
2014-15
PERIL ESTABLISHED INNER AUDITING AND
PERIL APPRAISAL OPERATION
Dr.Vahit Ferhan Benli* & Duygu Celayir**
*Assistant Professor, Department of Banking and Finance, Istanbul Commerce University, Sütlüce
campus, Turkey.
**Research Assistant, Department of Accounting and Auditing, Istanbul Commerce University, Sütlüce
campus, Turkey.
ABSTRACT
I
nternal audit formerly referred to error examination and studies on a specific activity,
and today, it emphasizes on better management in the future rather than the assessment
of past activities of businesses with the Peril based approach. Developments in markets, corporate
bankruptcies (Enron, Parmalat, etc.), developing technology and business environments at the
beginning of the 2000s showed that many perils are faced to achieve the objectives. With the
development of peril management and peril management models, the necessity for consideration
of the perils in the internal audit processes has emerged. To Peril based approach in internal
auditing, auditors began allocating the resources to high-peril areas and performing audits. Thus,
the internal auditing has undergone a drastic change in the 2000s. RBIA is to concentrate the audit
resources to the areas where the composition of probability of occurrence and impact of peril is
higher.
KEY WORDS: Peril, Pay attention, business environment, Complexness, Trading Volume.
1
Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational Management
ESTIMATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNETS CURVE
FOR INDIA
Dr. Surender Singh*
*Associate Professor, Dept. of Economics, Bhagat Phool Singh Mahila Vishwavidyalaya, Khanpur Kalan,
Sonepat, Haryana.
ABSTRACT
T
he present study deals with the estimation of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in
India by employing method of least squares using time series data for the period 19902009. The study tests the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis using secondary data on GDP per
capita, trade openness and CO2 emissions. The empirical findings of the study support the existence
of EKC hypothesis and found inverted ‘U’ shape quadric relationship between income and
environment with turning point at US $ 13153 PPP per capita while the relationship between
environmental degradations and growth of GDP turned out to be ‘N’ shape when cubic of GDP is
introduced in the function. The ‘N’ shape EKC shows pessimism as the emission starts increasing at
high level of GDP per capita. Further, the inclusion of trade openness in the function suggests that
trade liberalization increase CO2 emission in India. The study reveals that the growth of per capita
tends to improve the environmental quality. The study suggests that at a broad level of development,
per capita emission of CO2 begin to decline. The acceptance of EKC implies that there is an inevitable
level of environmental damage that follows up due to economic development of a country at early
stages but with significant improvement at later stage of development. This means that nations can
opt for present value of higher future growth and cleaner future environment at the cost of current
rate if environmental damage.
EMPHASISED VISION AND EMPHATIC ACTION
TOWARDS BUSINESS EDUCATION
Mr. Kiran. R*
*Professor & Dean, AIBM College, Bangalore-560056, Karnataka.
ABSTRACT
A
t the same time we must not neglect the absence of innovation and lack of willingness
to overcome rigidity will cripple the development process. Therefore, now it is time to
realize the nature of global environment and development and form an interface organization
between Academia and Industry like CNRC (France) or SERC (UK) in India which will provide varying
professional experience for students- faculty so that the academic inputs in terms of curriculum
and teaching and learning process and the research output, thereby industrial output all will facilitate
the achievement and realization of our educational mission.
KEY WORDS: Education, Emphatic, learning process, performance, Emphasised, Academia,
Industry
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April 2014-15
ISSN : 2348 - 814X
ENTREPRENEURIAL POTENTIALITIES IN COMMERCE
AND MANAGEMENT EDUCATION IN INDIA
(A Study with Reference to Some Selected Universities)
Dr. Ishwara P*
*Associate Professor, Department of Commerce, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Konaje, Dakshina
Kannada -574199, Karnataka State, India.
ABSTRACT
I
n this paper an attempt has been made to study views and perception of the beneficiaries
regarding the entrepreneurial potentialities of MBA and M.Com course offered in the
Karnataka and Kerala state universities. Entrepreneurship education tries to prepare people,
particularly youth, to be responsible, take risks, manage the business and learn from the outcomes
by immersing them in real life experiences. Entrepreneurial education can change students view
regarding self-employment and prepare them with skills needed to supervise a business through
education. In India there are many universities from which a number of graduates pass out every
year in all streams of education. All students pursuing their education hope to get a good job in the
flourishing economy. Most of the students may be getting jobs of their choice and the rest of the
students then think of other activities of earning money. The other activities could be various kinds
of business activities. The percentage of these people are again very less compared to those who
give preference to paid/salaried job. The basic reason behind this is our education system which
does not concentrate on the development of entrepreneurship. In this direction, 200 students both
from Mangalore University in Karnataka and Kannur University in the Kerala state have been selected
randomly from final year batch during the academic year 2012-13. The data were collected through
structured questionnaire and processed by using simple statistical tools. The questionnaire contains
socio demographic aspect of the respondents and their views and perception towards the course
and how course contents, faculties, activities in the department encourage and motivate them to
start a new venture.
KEYWORDS: Entrepreneurship Education, Motivation, Achievement, Entrepreneurship
Development Programme.
3
Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational Management
INDIAN ENERGY DEMAND AND RENEWABLE ENERGY
OPTIONS
Dr. Manoj Dolli*
*Assistant Professor, Department of Studies and Research in Economics,Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya
University, Bellary-583104, Karnataka.
ABSTRACT
I
ndia’s energy production and consumption patterns have undergone substantial change
over the last few decades. The Government of India has taken many policy initiatives and
the fast technological adaptation have played a considerable role in enhancing the production of
energy, whereas the economic growth with faster industrialization is the factor behind the fast
growth and changing pattern of energy consumption. The growth of the economy is directly related
to the demand of the energy, particularly the commercial usage of energy increases with economy
moving ahead. This has led to the serious gap between the demand and supply of energy in India.
The rapid depletion of fossil fuels has led to an energy crisis globally and has raised two major
concerns: Environmental pollution and Global Warming. Thus, in this scenario not only increase
in the production of energy is important but also the more sustainable energy which is more
environmental friendly. The only solution to this problem is to develop new and renewable energy
which is having least or no bad impact on economy. Thus an attempt is made in this paper give the
actual energy scenario in India and also tell the new and renewable energy services and technologies
available.
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April 2014-15
ISSN : 2348 - 814X
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP
OF SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES IN THE GLOBAL SCENARIO
Dr. V.V.Ratnaji Rao Chowdary*
*Associate Professor, PG Department of Commerce and Management Studies, V. S. M. College,
Ramachandrapuram- 533 255, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh.
ABSTRACT
G
lobalization refers to the process of integration of the world into one huge market. It
provides several things to several people with the removal of all trade barriers between
countries. Globalization happens through three channels: trade in goods and services, movement
of capital and flow of finance. Globalization in India is generally taken to mean ‘integrating’ the
economy of the country with the world economy. The real thrust to the globalization process was
provided by the new economic policy introduced by the Government of India in July 1991 at the
behest of the IMF and the World Bank. Globalization has led to an ‘Unequal Competition’- a
competition between ‘giant MNC’s and dwarf Indian enterprises’. The small scale sector is a vital
constituent of an overall industrial sector of the country. The small scale sector forms a dominant
part of Indian industry and contributing to a significant proportion of production, exports and
employment. Therefore, the present study analyzes the impact of globalization on Indian Small
Scale Industries. The main theme of the paper is to evaluate the performance of small scale industries
(SSIs), and problems faced by small scale industries in the recent period, with average annual
growth rates, to know the impact of Globalization on the performance of SSI.
KEYWORDS: - Globalization, Small Scale Industries, Exponential Growth, Production, No. of
Units, Export and Employment.
5
Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational Management
LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: A
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EDMODO AND HAIKU
Prof. P. Kalyanasundaram*
*Professor, Vice-Principal and Director , Department of Management Studies, Garden City College, 16 th
KM, Old Madras Road, KR Puram, Bangalore – 560049, Karnataka.
ABSTRACT
C
onventional Classroom learning has undergone a sea change and the shift towards
blended learning and online learning is being witnessed worldwide. Learning that was
predominantly a passive activity has become active, reflective and is now striving to emphasize its
social nature with social media playing an active part in learning. Rather than being passive receivers
of knowledge, learners have become active collaborators and builders of knowledge. With the plethora
of learning management systems (LMS) available at the disposal of instructor and learner, it becomes
more important for the instructor as to which learning management system one should choose for
the course delivery. The LMS chosen should allow the instructor to offer an active and collaborative
learning experience for the learners. This paper attempts to compare two learning management
systems and highlights their features and their capabilities to support active learning.
KEYWORDS: Learning Management Systems, active learning, online learning.
6
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April 2014-15
ISSN : 2348 - 814X
WOMEN’S POLITICAL AWARENESS AND
INITIATIVENESS IN DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES IN
VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT
Dr. Sunitha V Ganiger*
*Assistant Professor, Department of Studies and Research in Sociology, Tumkur University, Tumkur-572
103, Karnataka, India.
ABSTRACT
T
he proper channel by which we can enable a women to overcome all the shackles
and reach the mainstream is through inculcating awareness, economic independence,
involvement in decision making and motivating her to participate in political affairs. 73 rd and 74th
amendments have really been a boon for participation of women in Indian Politics in general and
Local Self Government in particular. It is the women who can feel the pulse of her village development
as when a power is given to a woman she can administer effectively. Local Self Government as a
system of governance at the grass root level in rural India has been rightly conceived as the most
viable of proper mechanism of realizing goals of democracy and decentralization. Participation of
women gained a momentum and recognition as a women’s right. Thus study aims at understanding
the elected women representative in Grama Panchayat about their political awareness and
developmental initiativeness in participating in village political administration. For the study purpose
100 women elected member from President to members form Gram Panchayat has been selected
for the study. After the data collection suitable analysis and interpretation has been done tailoring
it for the requirement of the study. The study found that the elected representatives were not mere
rubberstamps instead they fully used their capabilities in the active participation of village politics.
KEY WORDS: Local Self Government, Politics and Empowerment
7
Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational Management
TRIBAL DEVELOPMENT UNDER FYP’s
Prof. Kedar Natha Bishoyi* & Dr. Govinda Chandra Panda**
*Principal and Head ,Department of Political Science, Science College, Konkorada, Ganjam, Odisha.
**Head&Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Science College, Konkorada, Ganjam, Odisha,
ABSTRACT
T
he tribes in Indian context are very often known as Adivasi (original settlers), Girijan
(hill-dwellers), Vanya Jati (forest caste), Janajati (folk communities), Adim Jati (primitive
caste) and Anusuchit Janajati (Scheduled Tribes). Whatsoever it may be, they are the indigenous
people as per their “Age of Settlement” in the soil of Indian sub-continent. The word ‘tribe’ is
generally used for a socially cohesive unit, associated with a territory, the members of which regard
them as politically autonomous. They are secluded and characterized by strange, curious habits and
a subsistence mode of living. Living in harsh environment, they exhibit a typical ideological adaptation
to the nature, which in turn influences their social organization, techno-economic subsystem and
culture. To conclude, the tribes and the tribal hinterlands are the living proof of poverty misery and
economic backwardness. Since independence, corers of rupees have already been spent for the
development of Tribes in India. But, the history of tribes is still replete with the events of subjugation,
exploitation, marginalization and derailment from the main track of development. Still, the planners
and the process of planning expect and attempting to endeavor an inclusive growth of tribes and
tribal hinterlands.
KEYWORDS: Scheduled Tribes, Tiboto-Chinese, Anusuchit Janajati
GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Pankaj Kumar & Bharti Singhal*
*Assistant Professors, Department of Economics, H.N.B. Govt. P.G.College, Khatima (U.S.Nagar),
Uttarakhand.
ABSTRACT
I
t has been now more than 35 years since the United Nations commemorated its efforts
to promote gender equality. The first conference on women (WCW) was held in Mexico in
1975, this conference marked the start of the “UN decade for women”. “The fourth world conference
on women held in Bejing in1995 adopted a declaration and a platform for action, which marked the
transition from the concept of the advancement of women to that of promoting equality between
the sexes, something which requires the participation of both Women and Men and of society as a
whole .
KEYWORDS: Gender Equality, Equal Work, Forced Marriages, Empowering Women.
8
Vol. 1
April 2014-15
ISSN : 2348 - 814X
TRADE LIBERALIZATION AND MACRO ECONOMIC
PERFORMANCE IN INDIA AND CHINA
Ms.Kiran Devi*
*Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, B.P.S. Mahila Vishwavidyalaya, Khanpur Kalan,
Sonipat,Haryana-131305 ,India.
I
ABSTRACT
ndia and China are two emerging giants in the world economy. China adopted export
promotion policy in line with East Asian countries in 1978 whereas India adopted comprehensive
economic liberalization programme after balance of payment crisis in 1991.After trade liberalization
economic growth performance of both countries improved. So main objective of the present paper
is to analyze comparatively the trade openness level and impact of trade liberalization programme
on economic growth performance of both countries.
KEYWORDS: Trade Liberalization, Economic growth, Export ,Import, Balance of Payment
UNITING CAPABILITIES AND EXPERIENCES: DOES IT
REALLY HAPPEN IN M&A?
Nidhi U. Argade*
*Assistant Professor, Faculty of Commerce, The M.S.University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002.
ABSTACT
“When it comes to merger, hopes triumphs over Experience”
- Inrwin Stelzer, US economist and writer
ergers and acquisitions (M&A) are an essential vehicle for corporate evolution and
therefore are an inevitable phenomenon. India has emerged as one of the top countries
with respect to merger and acquisition deals. Indian companies have been actively involved in
acquisitions in India domestically as well as internationally, as India increases its participation in
M&A deals. We have evaluated the impact of Mergers financial performance of selected Indian
companies. For the analysis purpose the Domestic mergers between 10 companies, merged in the
year 2007, have taken as a sample. All the companies in the sample represent eight Industries in the
entire economy. By using the ratio analysis approach, the effect of merger on long term performance
of the acquirer companies has been analysed. Five years pre and five years post M&A data has been
used. Various statistical tools are used for the purpose of analysis like mean, standard deviation, t
test; probability value approach (p value).The analysis shows the mixed results. The performance
has increased in case of some companies and vice a versa. But it is very clear from the analysis that
almost all the acquirers are leaders in their sector, having effective control over the market. So the
performance of the merged company may turnaround successfully in due course of time.
M
KEYWORDS: Mergers and Acquisitions, Corporate Performance, Financial Analysis, Ratio
Analysis.
9
Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational Management
DCC BANKS IN INDIA: CAUSES OF OVERDUES AND
MEASURES OF REDUCING OVERDUES
Dr. S.V. Juja*
*Head & Associate Professor, Department of Commerce, Karnatak Arts, Science and Commerce College,
Bidar – 585401 Karnataka State, India.
ABSTRACT
I
t appears to be inescapable that lack of will and discipline among the cultivators to
repay is the principal factor contributing to the prevalence of overdues in the cooperatives.
The causes of overdues are untimely sanctioned and disbursement of loan, inadequate and uneven
distribution of recovery staff, lack of action by the management of the bank, failure of crops and
political interference etc. To avoid the problems of overdues, the bank should take certain steps like
monitoring the spending pattern of loanee, strong action against willful defaulters, and
implementation of RBI and NABARD guidelines for collecting dues.
KEYWORDS: Overdues, Loanee, Panchayat Samitis, Root Cancer.
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN CHIDAMBARAM
TOWN, TAMIL NADU
Dr. K. Damodaran*
*Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar – 608 002,
Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India.
ABSTRACT
T
he present study analyses the solid waste management in Chidambaram town, Tamil
Nadu. Solid waste comprises all the wastes arising from human and animal activities
that are normally solid and that are discarded useless or unwanted. The present study analyses the
infrastructure provided by the government authority for managing solid waste and analyses the
solid waste generation and its management by the surveyed respondents. The study found that most
of the households do not classify the waste into degradable and non-degradable. The dustbins are
located far away and waste is re-disposed occasionally. The study suggests providing more dustbins,
classification of wastes, re-dispose the waste every day.
KEYWORDS: Solid waste, disposal, degradable, environment
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ISSN : 2348 - 814X
AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDE
AMONG THE STUDENT TEACHERS OF BACHELOR OF
EDUCATION (B.ED)
C.L.Bhaskara*
*Assistant Professor,Vijaya Teachers College,College of Teacher Education, Jayanagar,Bangalore-560
011,Karnataka.
ABSTRACT
I
t is an attempt has been made regarding study towards the scientific attitude of Student
teachers, who are undergone training in Bachelor of Education. This study reveals on the
B.Ed trainees had a significant difference with respect to their scientific attitude in the beginning
and at the end of the B.Ed course. The study observes that there is no significant difference between
male and female student teachers (B.Ed trainees) in the beginning of the course, but there is a
drastic variation that is affinity towards the scientific attitude was observed at the end of the course.
And also the study observes that there is no significant difference between Post Graduate students
and Graduate students who are getting training from the institution.
KEY WORDS: Scientific Attitude, Student Teachers, student trainees, Teacher Educators, B.Ed
trainees.
THE GENERAL BENEFITS OF PERFORMANCE
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
-AN OUTLINE
(A Study with Reference to Selected Manufacturing Companies in Chennai Region)
K. Anuradha* & Dr.K.Uthayasuriyan**
*Research Scholar, Department of International Business and Commerce, Alagappa University, Karaikudi630 003, Tamil Nadu.
**Professor ,Department of International Business and Commerce, Alagappa university.
Karaikudi, -630 003, Tamil Nadu.
ABSTRACT
T
he success of Performance management depends on many factors. A good design,
morale and organization culture, other Human resource practices and policies, business
competitiveness and market conditions bring out the benefits in either a new or revised performance
system. The objective of this study is to find out the general benefits arising out of implementation
of Performance management system. The basic principles of the study were based on the opinions
of the employees and employers of selected manufacturing companies in Chennai region. It also
outlines the general benefits from PMS, employees and employer’s acceptance in the current role of
PMS, working conditions in presence of PMS, usefulness of PMS and its present status. The result
shows that there is a complete agreement among the employees at the top and management level
that PMS is more beneficial in motivating people and makes them feel a part of the organization. It
also reveals that the overall working condition in the presence of PMS is best, followed by the
working conditions related to employee to have authority to determine the work objective and
communication to superiors. The result concludes that the present status of PMS has been useful
for motivating subordinates and makes them to perform better.
KEY WORDS: Decisions, Goals, Opinion, Employees, Investigation, Performance Management.
11
Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational Management
FOREST UPRISINGS IN BRITISH INDIA WITH SPECIAL
REFERENCE TO ANDHRA IN NINETEENTH AND
TWENTIETH CENTURIES
V.Raj Mahamamdh*
*Assistant Professor& Head, Department of History, S.T.S.N Govt. Degree College, Kadiri, Anantapur Dist,
Andhra Pradesh.
ABSTRACT
F
orests play a vital role in social, cultural, economic and industrial development of
any country. It is a good source of environment and served as a watershed. Forests are
considered as one of the top five natural resources on earth. Generally, there are many peoples,
particularly, tribal and peasants were depended on minor and major forest products for their
subsistence. They have been collecting various products from forests for a variety of purposes.
Before the advent of the colonials, the forest land was mostly under the use of the local communities.
But the colonial government was exploited forest resources through their forest policies. The main
objective of the paper is to highlight the various causes and consequences of forest uprisings in
British India with special focus on Andhra and also highlight how the colonial forest regulations
disturbed the local people’s economy in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and how they started
forest uprisings in various parts of British India, and how the British government reacted in the
context of colonialism are discussed.
KEY WORDS: Forest, Tribal and Peasant, Environment, Forest Uprisings, British India.
12
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April 2014-15
ISSN : 2348 - 814X
A STUDY ON IMPACT OF PROMOTIONAL STRATEGIES
ON BRAND AWARENESS
Kota Neel Mani Kanta* & P Srivalli**
*Asst Professor, MBA-Tourism and Travel Management, Vikrama Simhapuri University,Nellore, AP.
**Asst Professor, KSRM College of Management Studies, Kadapa, AP.
ABSTRACT
Milk production is an integral part of the food consumption and it contains many
nutrients and provides a quick and easy way of supplying these nutrients to the diet within
relatively few calories. Milk, the most suitable food for young mammals, provides both energy and
the building materials necessary for growth. The main objective of this study is to examine the
relationship between the promotional strategies and brand awareness and find out to what extend
the promotional strategy most impact on brand awareness of milk power brands in Kadapa
district. Questionnaire survey and interviews were used to collect primary data from a cross
section of dairy consumers and the researcher obtained response from 100 households in
Kadapa district through random sampling method. Promotional strategies such as advertising,
sales promotions, personal selling, and direct marketing were considered as the independent
variable and the brand awareness was considered as the dependent variables in this study. Data
were analyzed using the SPSS 17 Package. The results of the study indicated that there is a positive
relationship between the promotional strategies on brand awareness such as advertising, sales
promotion, personal selling, direct marketing and brand awareness (β= 0.769, p<0.01 and β =
0.673, p<0.01, β=0.561, p<0.01and β =0.468. p<0.01 respectively). Co-efficient of determination (R
square) is 0.774. It expresses that promotional strategies have the strong positive impact of 77.4%
on brand awareness of the milk powder. This study concluded that advertising and sales
promotion mostly impact on brand awareness of milk powder rather than personal selling and
direct marketing. Finally the present study indicated that the strong positive relationship obtained
between the promotional strategies and brand awareness of milk powder brand in Kadapa
district.
KEY WORDS: Advertising, Sales promotion, Personal selling, Direct marketing, Brand
awareness.
13
Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational Management
SWOT ANALYSIS OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN
MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES
J. Ferusha Pearl* & Dr.R.Rathiha**
*Research Scholar, Department of Commerce, Women’s Christian College, Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu 629001.
**Associate Professor,Department of Commerce,Women’s Christian College, Nagercoil,TamilNadu 629001.
ABSTRACT
S
tarting an enterprise by women is not a simple matter, and running it successfully
requires a many great qualities and characteristics. At the beginning, a venture requires
skills like, drive and initiative, resource mobilization, mobility, quick decision making which is very
different from the skills required later on like persistence, business ethics, stamina, and goal setting.
The women entrepreneur may not possess all the skills; some may be present while the lack of
others may be felt by the entrepreneur. Some qualities that an entrepreneur possess is very strong,
which are the key factors for the starting of a unit, and can be termed as strengths, while others
which are holding back the entrepreneur from definite success are weaknesses. All the strengths
and weaknesses of an individual are difficult to assess but few of them can be analyzed to find out
which qualities determine entrepreneurship, and influence the profitability of the enterprise. One
main drawback in any micro and small scale industry is that the entrepreneur does not make a
detailed analysis of the environmental factors influencing the profitability of her firm. The small
women entrepreneurs are not capable of analyzing the internal strengths and weaknesses and
external opportunities and threats.
KEY WORDS: Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, SWOT analysis, Small enterprise, and
Women entrepreneurs.
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ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF TRIBAL WOMEN
Dr.Nagaraja.S*& Dr. Pallavi S. Kusugal**
*Assistant Professor, Department of Studies & Research in Sociology, Tumkur University, Tumkur-572103,
Karnataka.
**Assistant Professor, Department of Studies & Research in Economics, Tumkur University,
Tumkur-572103, Karnataka.
E
ABSTRACT
conomic empowerment of tribal women has got great significance through giving
the opportunity to participate in all aspects and government policies given social justice
to them. In this case here political participation got much importance. Economic status is an important
role in characterizing the life and behavior of an individual and economic empowerment. Hence,
this paper is based on primary data and survey conducted in Chitradurga district of Karnataka state,
to study the economic empowerment of tribal women Panchayat Raj Institutions (PRIs).
KEYWORDS: Economic Empowerment, PRIs, Tribal Women.
EMPLOYEES SATISFACTION LEVEL TOWARDS SOCIAL
SECURITY MEASURES IN NATIONALIZED BANKS WITH
SPECIAL REFERENCE TO HYDERABAD KARNATAKA
REGION
Shobha B. Hangarki*
*Research Scholar, Department of studies and research in management, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga585106, Karnataka.
ABSTRACT
B
anks play a vital role in the economic development of the country. Banking is a part
of each and everyone’s life. Banking is a people business. Management of people and
management of risk is two key challenges that banks are facing. The success of the bank depends on
how banks manage people and banking risk. Thus, to handle everything human resource play a
major role in the banking sector. Reserve bank of India has announced many social security measures
for attracting, retaining and developing the employee performance and commitment towards their
banks. This paper aims at analyzing the social security measures provided to nationalized bank
employees. It also helps to analyze the employee satisfaction level towards their jobs and various
facilities expected.
KEY WORDS: Economic development, Commitment, Human Resource, Nationalized banks.
15
Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational Management
A STUDY ON TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT OF
WORKERS PRODUCTIVITY IN MANUFACTURING
COMPANIES WITH REFERENCE TO CHENNAI CITY
R. Divyaranjani* & Dr.D. Rajasekar**
*Research Scholar, AMET Business School, AMET University, Kanathur, Chennai- 603112,Tamil Nadu,
**Associate Professor, AMET Business School, AMET University, Kanathur, Chennai- 603112,
Tamil Nadu,
ABSTRACT
E
very organization has different processes, and at times, a different approach to work
as well, leading to the need for process-driven training and coaching to facilitate relevant
learning. Most hires may have the theoretical knowledge required for the job, but they need to be
taught the tricks of applying that knowledge in the fashion that best suits the process.
A company-specific structured training program is extremely essential. Fresh engineers
recruited straight off campuses cannot be put on the job straight away, as they have very little
knowledge about the actual dynamics at shop floor level. They need to be introduced to Engineering
Management skills in a systematic manner.
KEYWORDS: Management skills, workers, knowledge acquisition, training.
EMPLOYEE TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT: A STUDY
WITH REFERENCE TO STATE BANK OF INDIA,
VISAKHAPATNAM CITY
Dr. M. Ramesh* & Mr. A.J. Rajasekhar**
*Academic Consultant, School of Commerce and Management, Dravidian University, Kuppam, Chittoor
District-517426, Andhra Pradesh.
**Academic Consultant, Dept. of Computer Science, Dravidian University, Kuppam, Chittoor District –
517 426, Andhra Pradesh.
E
ABSTRACT
mployees training and development are not only an activity that is desirable but also
an activity that an organization must commit resources to if it is to maintain a valuable
knowledge of work force. It is a specialized function and is one of the fundamental operative functions
of human resources management. The HRD policy of the organization is mainly aimed at all round
development of its employees. The sample for the study of 75 respondents has been selected on
simple random sampling method. The present study conclude that the importance of training is
appreciated by the role of training improving the employee performance, quality of work, morale,
personal growth organizational climate and reducing supervision.
KEY WORDS: Employee Training, State Bank of India, Visakhapatnam
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April 2014-15
ISSN : 2348 - 814X
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND THE
IMPACT ON EMPLOYEES ATTITUDE AND BEHAVIOUR
Dr. S. Thothadri * & M . Asha Banu **
*Assistant Professor& Research Supervisor, The New College, Chennai 600 014, Tamil Nadu,
**Assistant Professor & Research Scholar, Department of Corporate Secretaryship, Bhaktavatsalam Memorial College
for Women, Chennai-600 080, Tamil Nadu.
T
ABSTRACT
his paper is prepared with a view of attempting to find out the impact of employees’
perceptions of CSR on job attitude and behavior. Many corporate assume that only external
activities pertaining to CSR alone is important for the sustainability and growth of the organization,
giving less priority to internal factors, which are mainly the employees. There has been very little
research conducted to find out this relationship existing between employee’s perceptions and job
behavior and attitude. CSR plays an important role in improving the employee morale towards the
organization. Unless there is positive impact on employees about CSR activities performed by an
organization, there cannot be internal growth, which is also one important factor for reducing the
rate of employee retention and increase motivation amongst the employees. A recent study found
that Employer Guided and Volunteered Programs are gaining popularity, which not only supports
the organization’s goodwill, but also helps to identify the potential skill, interest and also gives self
satisfaction and motivation to the employees.
KEY WORDS: Corporate social responsibility, employee’s attitude, behavior, employer supported
and guided volunteer programme (ESVP/EGVP)
17
Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational Management
CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION IN HIGHER
EDUCATION
Dr. K. Prasanna Kumar*
*Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Shyadri Arts and Commerce College, Shivmoga,
Karnataka, India.
ABSTRACT
I
n the context of global world, the driving force behind the 21 st Century economy is
knowledge and developing human capital is the best way to ensure prosperity of a nation.
University education is about forming individual both in technical skills as well as soft skills that
take the student beyond cultivating a strong analytical mind. In the context of globalization and
knowledge economy the students are not well equipped to compete in the global market because of
a mismatch between students acquired knowledge and requirements of the industries. Survival of
the fittest is the norm of the day. Therefore the higher education centres established in urban and
rural areas should take concerted efforts to plan out relevant academic programmes that would
build students capacity in a way that will leave them well equipped for the challenges they face in a
global environment include a strong focus on professional development, mentorship by faculty,
establishing milestones to mark achievement, integrating practice into research, and creating a
connection to the community. The present paper emphasizes on the meaning of globalization and
challenges of globalization in higher education.
KEYWORDS: Globalization, Challenges of Globalization in Higher education.
18
Vol. 1
April 2014-15
ISSN : 2348 - 814X
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN AGRICULTURE OF
ANDHRA PRADESH: A STUDY
K. Jagan*
*Doctoral Scholar, Department of Economics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh.
ABSTRACT
T
he present paper explores the agricultural bedrock of the state’s economy out of the
total population, 72.7% live in rural areas seeking their livelihood from Agriculture and
allied activities. A large number of people rely heavily on the agricultural field for their survival in
order to reduce the poverty level of the region. Rapid and sustainable growth in Agriculture has
been identified not only as a key driver for economic development, but also for achieving self
sufficiency and ensuring food security to the people. Over the decades, Andhra Pradesh has witnessed
a gradual transformation in the agriculture sector. The nature of the transformation itself has
undergone the social upheavals. This paper critiques the initial and noteworthy transformation that
took place during 1980s was the shift from a traditional cereal-based system towards commercial
commodities such as oilseeds, cotton and sugarcane. However, during 1990s, when the crop sector
witnessed high volatility due to consecutive drought and decelerating crop yields, the transformation,
although continued, was more towards high-value commodities such as fruits, vegetables, milk,
meat, poultry and fish,. In fact, the high-value commodities performed impressively and rescued the
agriculture sector to a great extent. Finally, this paper reveals that the sustainable Agriculture refers
to a range of strategies for addressing many problems that affect agriculture. Such problems include
loss of soil productivity from excessive soil erosion and associated plant nutrient losses, surface
and ground water pollution from pesticides, fertilizers and sediments, impending shortages of nonrenewable resources, and low farm income from depressed commodity prices and high production
costs.
KEYWORDS: Agriculture, livelihood, sustainable development, transformation.
19
Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational Management
THE SKILLFULL SHARE BROKERS
Mr.S.Sankar*& Dr.V.Rajagopalan**
*Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce and Management Studies, Saradha Gangadharan
College, Velrampet, Pondicherry.
**Principal & Research Supervisor, Department of Commerce, Sri Venkateshwara College of Arts &Science,
Peravurani, -614804, Tamilnadu.
ABSTRACT
S
hare brokers are an Individual or firm/registered agent. Who act as intermediary
between buyer and seller and execute on behalf of their investors. They were charging
commission for rendering the service. They are one of the most important constituent of the whole
share dealing process. In a stock exchange it is not permissible for a general customer to trade
shares directly with another customer. Here the contracts are standardized ones and the customers
are required to register themselves with the stock exchange through the share broker member. This
will take as the counter-party to every transaction. Now a day’s brokerage yield is under pressure,
due to high competition through compression and negotiations made by investors. Investors are
aware of the terms and conditions of share brokers, while opening the trading account with them.
KEY WORDS: Stock market, Share brokers, Trade.
HEALTH INSURANCE FOR HEALTHY INDIA
Mr.V.Pugazhenthi* & Dr.C.Sunitha**
* Associate Professor of Commerce, Rajah Serfoji Government College (Autonomous), Thanjavur-613005,
Tamil Nadu.
** Associate Professor of Economics, Rajah Serfoji Government College (Autonomous), Thanjavur-613005,
Tamil Nadu.
ABSTRACT
P
roviding adequate Health cover to the citizens becomes an inevitable identity of a
welfare State because of which only the countries all over the world , developed or
developing are eyeing for Universal Health Coverage either by providing government sponsored
treatments or by government sponsored health insurance schemes or both. In India the health
insurance is still in its infancy compared to the life insurance market. In spite of the heavy out-ofpocket expenditures at the time of hospital treatment, the lack of saving component in the health
insurance and the unduly optimistic attitude towards the health keep even the educated mass away
from the ambit of health insurance. In this research article, the present Indian health profile, the
need for health insurance, the history of Indian health insurance industry, the current scenario of
health insurance in India and the performance of the health insurers in the bygone financial year
in terms of the premium underwritten are analyzed in detail.
KEY WORDS: Health, Health Insurance, Health Insurance Premium Underwritten, Government
Sponsored Health Insurance Schemes, Chief Minster’s Health Insurance Schemes of TamilNadu
20
Vol. 1
April 2014-15
ISSN : 2348 - 814X
IMPACT OF GREEN COSMETICS ON HUMAN LIFE
Mr. Kiran. R*
*Professor & Dean, AIBM College, Bangalore-560056, Karnataka.
ABSTRACT
I
n the last few decades researchers have observed a significant change in the consumer
behaviour from choosing products based on its physical attributes such as size, colour,
flavour, or aroma to other important features like environment and health. Green marketing probably
can play some role in at least reducing to some extent the impact of climate change since there are
sufficient evidences to support the fact that human activities are the major contributors towards
climate change. Green marketing is the marketing of products and services of eco-friendly manner.
It can be practiced in all the product categories An average face composition is produced by computer
graphic methods surveying average facial features, skin colour, lip colour and eye colour among
plural faces representing different human races. Enquiries are performed among a plurality of
different people to receive their replies to questions on the obtained faces on which various cosmetics
were furnished. But up to now, the current formulation technology of these ecologically friendly
cleansing products has been very limited, particularly in terms of foam and viscosity. Moreover, a
new ready-to-use surfactant blend (Plantapon SF) is available now that provides absolutely mild
cleansing and care being free of alkyl sulphate, alkyl ether sulphate, ethylene oxide, betaine and
preservatives (ECOCERT approved) the key factor of a successful formulation of green cleansing
concepts.
KEYWORDS: Consumer behaviour, Organic Cosmetics, preservatives, cleansing, Green
marketing,viscosity, foam
21
Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational Management
STUDY ON IMPACT OF MICRO-FINANCE FOR RURAL
ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT, RURAL
INDUSTRIALIZATION AND RELIEF OF POVERTY
Mr. M. Nirmalkumar* & Dr. T. Balasaravanan**
*Assistant Professor of Economics, Madha Arts and Science College, Thandalam, Chennai -122,
Tamilnadu.
**Associate Professor, Department of Economics, S.I.V.E.T College, Gowrivakkam, Tambaram, Chennai –
600 073.
ABSTRACT
“Micro Finance in India is approaching a “holistic tipping point” that could lead to a massive
poverty reduction in the next five to ten years” – Grameen Foundation V.S in 2005. Rural finance is
an important source for the poor. Rural finance consists of formal and informal sector. The poorest
groups tend to spend the highest proportion of their earnings on food which accounts for more
than 70%. If any drop in their regular income, the welfare of their family is severely affected that
they cannot meet the additional expenditure on health, festival and funeral cost, unless loans can be
accessed Financial transactions, therefore, form an integral part of the livelihood system of the
poor. The credit requirement of the poor has been increasing day by day due to scientific, technological
advancement and also a cultural change in the world. Hance, the poor requires finance for both
consumption and production purpose. Credit on reasonable terms to the poor can bring about a
significant reduction in poverty. In this context, the present paper studies the impact of Micro
finance for the Rural Entrepreneurship development, rural industrialization and relief of poverty.
22
Vol. 1
April 2014-15
ISSN : 2348 - 814X
MICROFINANCE INTERVENTIONS FOR QUALITY
EDUCATIONAL EMPOWERMENT OF RURAL CHILDREN
IN KARNATAKA
Dr.S.Ramesh*& Mr. Ravi V**
*Professor and Dean, Department of Commerce, Mount Carmel College (Autonomous), Bangalore, Karnataka.
**Assistant Professor, Department of commerce, Government Arts College, Bangalore, Karnataka.
M
ABSTRACT
icrofinance programs (MF) extend small loans to under privileged for their varied
needs such as consumption, shelter, income generation, and self employment. M F
programs offer combination of several services to their clients along with Micro Credit. These include
linkages with savings and insurance avenues, skill development training, other requirement and
marketing network. They facilitate poverty reduction through promotion of sustainable livelihood
and bring about women empowerment through social and collective action at the grass root level.
Microfinance interventions lead to increased social interaction for poor women within their HH
and in the community, besides greater mobility that increases their self worth and self ascertain in
the social circle. Much research has been done on the impact of microfinance on education, mostly
focusing on quantitative aspects such as literacy, enrolment and dropout rates. This exploratory
study shifts away from the quantitative aspect of education, and focuses on the quality of education:
how education could be improved, and how MFIs could play a role in this. This study takes next step
in order to gain a more complete idea as to the potential impact of microfinance on the quality of
educations, by looking into what happens when microfinance clients actually send their children to
institute. What are the educational situations of the children and what could be the impact of relevant
parties upon educational outcomes?
KEYWORDS:Educational Empowerment, Rural Children, Microfinance, Women Empowerment,
Quality Education.
23
Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational Management
A STUDY ON IPOs PERFORMANCE IN INDIAN CAPITAL
MARKET
Dr. Ishwara P* & Ravi D**
*Associate Professor, Department of Commerce, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Konaje, Dakshina
Kannada -574199, Karnataka State, India.
**Research scholar, Department of Commerce, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Konaje, Dakshina
Kannada -574199, Karnataka State, India .
ABSTRACT
I
n this paper an attempt has been made to evaluate the post issue performance of IPOs
in Indian capital market. Capital market constitutes the channel through which the capital
resources generated in the society and made available for economic development of the nation. An
initial public offering occurs when a company first sells common shares to investors in the public.
Generally, the company offers primarily shares this way, although sometimes secondary shares are
also sold as IPO’s. Going public means a company is switching from private ownership to public
ownership. Going public raises cash and provides many benefits for a company. A company that is
planning an IPO appoints lead managers to help it decide on an appropriate price at which the
shares should be issued. Historically, IPOs both globally and in the US have been underpriced. The
effect of initial under pricing an IPO is to generate additional interest in the stock when it first
becomes publicly traded. This can lead to significant gains for investors who have been allocated
shares of the IPO at the offering price. However, under pricing an IPO results in “money left on the
table” i.e. lost capital that could have been raised for the company had the stock been offered at a
higher price. The danger of overpricing is also an important consideration. If a stock is offered to
the public at a higher price than the market will pay, the underwriters may have trouble meeting
their commitments to sell shares.
KEY WORDS: Initial Public Offer, Book Building, Financial Market, Issue price, List price, SEBI,
24
Vol. 1
April 2014-15
ISSN : 2348 - 814X
CRM PRACTICES IN BANKING SECTOR AND THE
CUSTOMER’S PERSPECTIVE
Dr. S. Pandurangan & S. Jayakumar*
*Both the Authors are Assistant Professors, Department of Commerce, Saradha Gangadharan College,
Pondicherry.
ABSTRACT
T
he CRM is a practice that embraces all activities directed toward in establishing,
developing, and maintaining successful customer relationships. This work assesses the
imperatives of CRM practices in the banking industry and the need for the effective CRM for further
acquisition of new customer. The present study is aimed at fulfill the objective to find out the status
of CRM Practices in banks as perceived by customers. The CRM practice is multi-dimensional
consisting of four broad behaviour components: Key customer focus, CRM organization, Knowledge
Management and CRM Technology. “. From the inferences of the reliability analysis, it becomes
apparent that all the data obtained from designed scale are valid and reliable. It is concluded that
the banks with moderate level of knowledge management that increase the adoption of CRM practices
for customized marketing, helping attitude and hospitality of employees, creating awareness of
CRM by frequent customer meet tend to be increase the satisfaction of customers with overall
performance of the bank.
KEY WORDS: Cronbach Alpha, Principle Component Method of Factor Analysis, Descriptive
analysis.
25
Environmental Economics, Commerce and Educational Management
LEGAL PROTECTION OF INDIAN WOMEN AGAINST
VIOLENCE
Dr. V. Darling Selvi*
*Assistant Professor of Commerce, Rani Anna Government College for Women, Tirunelveli - 627008,Tamil
Nadu.
ABSTRACT
T
he struggle for legal equality for women has been one of the major concerns of the
Women’s movements all over the world. Any attempt to change the position of women in
any aspect involves the question of legislative and judicial reforms. Domestic violence in India is
endemic and widespread predominantly against women. Around 70% of women in India are victims
of domestic violence. The NCRB statistics indicate that an Indian woman is most unsafe in her
marital home with 43.6% of all crimes against women being “cruelty” inflicted by her husband and
relatives. Globally the most common form of violence experienced by women is physical violence
inflicted by an intimate partner. One in three women have been abused or subjected to genderbased violence in their lives. This paper highlights the growing trend of crimes against women with
its magnitude. Percentage analysis, correlation analysis, trend analysis and exponential growth rate
have been applied to interpret the results. It is revealed from the analysis that both the crimes as
well as crimes against women were on the upswing position and the magnitude of crimes against
women is more in case of Cruelty by husband and relatives and dowry prohibition act.
KEY WORDS: Crime, Legal, Statistics, Trend, Violence, Women,
26
Vol. 1
April 2014-15
ISSN : 2348 - 814X
LABOUR PROBLEMS IN SAFETY MATCH INDUSTRY IN
VIRUDHUNAGAR DISTRICT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE
TO SIVAKASI
M Arockia G. Ruban* & Dr.Lourdes Poobala Rayen**
*Assistant Professor & PhD Research Scholar, Department of Corporate Secretaryship, St. Xavier’s
College(Autonomous), Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu.
**Associate Professor & Dean of Arts, Department of Commerce, St. Xavier’s College(Autonomous),
Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu.
ABSTRACT
I
n and around, Sivakasi Taluk in Virudhunagar District, there are approximately. 100
match factories employing more than ten thousand workers. Major processes are frame
filling, wax dipping, head filling, drying, box farming and filling, side painting, band rolling, dozen
packing and chemical grinding section. The labourers are exposed to physical, chemical and
ergonomic hazards. Physical hazards include excessive heat superadded by poor ventilation. They
are also exposed to high volume music being played by the employer so they cannot communicate
with each other and have to be involved fully in the work. They are exposed various chemical hazards
mainly potassium chlorate, commercial sulphur, glue, black and red manganese, red phosphorus,
antimony glass powder etc.
In this article the researcher take the Labour Problem in Safety Match Industry in Sivakasi
in Virudhunagar district. The researcher himself prepared an interview Schedule, through that the
researcher would come to know the problems faced by the labourers those who are working in the
Safety Match Industry in Sivakasi in Virudhunagar district, and what are their family backgrounds.
27

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