Gender Mainstreaming in Environmental Policy Making

Lunchtime Seminar
Gender Mainstreaming in Environmental Policy Making
at UNECE
Franziska Ilg-Hirsch, Simone Hofner, Moritz Schott
27 February 2014, Geneva
Outline
1. Relevance of gender mainstreaming for our work at UNECE
1.1.
1.2.
1.3.
Donor Requirements
Mandates and Action Plans
Gender-related Inequities
2. Facilitating the implementation of gender mainstreaming at UNECE
3. Next steps
1.1. Donor Requirements
Meeting and supporting donor policies and requirements
Global Environment Facility (GEF) Policy on Gender Mainstreaming
(2011)
•
GEF secretariat and Partnering Agencies shall mainstream gender into their operations,
incl. efforts to systematically analyze and address the specific needs of both
women and men… e.g. differences in ways men and women perceive
incentives linked to the sustainable use of resources and how these
perceptions can influence the achievement of project results
•
“Project results often superior when gender considerations are integrated into design
and implementation of projects, where relevant”
(http://www.thegef.org/gef/policy/gender)
Green Climate Fund under UNFCCC (2011)
•
Gender-sensitive approach included since inception
1.1. Donor Requirements: Global
Environment Facility (GEF)
Percentage of gender-responsive GEF projects
for selected countries in the UNECE region*
100
80
60
40
20
0
*IUCN Environment and Gender
Index 2013 Pilot: GEF country
profiles accessed in 2013 which
included gender-related
keywords and genderresponsive actions in project
description documents
% of genderresponsive GEF
Projects
1.2. Mandates and Action Plans
•
Implementing and further enhancing UNECE Gender Action Plan
•
UN System Wide Action Plan for implementation of the CEB system-wide policy on Gender
Mainstreaming and the Empowerment of Women (UN-SWAP)
•
Addressing areas of concern and taking actions with regard to gender & environment set out
in:
•
Agenda 21 (Rio Earth Summit, 1992)
•
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action (1995)
•
The future we want (Rio+20, 2012)
1.2. Agenda 21 (1992)
•
Bodies of the United Nations system, governments and non-governmental
organizations should ensure that gender considerations are fully integrated
into all the policies, programs and activities
•
Increase the proportion of women involved in the design, development and
implementation of policies and programs for sustainable development
•
Disaggregate population data by sex in order to take into account the
implications of the gender division of labor for the use and management of natural
resources
1.2. Agenda 21 (1992) and
Beijing Declaration and Platform
for Action (1995)
Countries should develop gender-sensitive databases,
information systems, research and policy analyses on:
•
Knowledge and experience on the part of women of the management and
conservation of natural resources
•
The impact on women of environmental degradation, particularly drought,
desertification, toxic chemicals and armed hostilities
•
Analysis of the structural linkages between gender relations, environment and
development
•
Measures to develop and include environmental, social and gender impact
analyses as an essential step in the development and monitoring of programs
and policies
1.2. Beijing Declaration
and Platform for Action
Objective 1: Involve women actively in environmental
decision-making at all levels
Actions to be taken by Governments, international organizations, and private sector
institutions, as appropriate:
•
Take gender impact into consideration in the work of (…) appropriate UN bodies
•
Encourage the design of projects in areas of concern to the GEF that would benefit
women
•
Establish strategies and measures to increase the proportion of women (..) in the
design, development and implementation of policies and programs for natural
resource management and environmental protection and conservation
1.2. Beijing Declaration
and Platform for Action
Objective 2: Integrate gender concerns and perspectives
in policies and programs for sustainable development
Actions to be taken by Governments:
•
Eliminate obstacles to women’s full and equal participation
development and equal access to and control over resources
in
sustainable
•
Support the development of women’s equal access to housing infrastructure,
safe water, and sustainable and affordable energy technologies through
policy formulation at the local and national levels
1.2. Beijing Declaration
and Platform for Action
Objective 3: Strengthen or establish mechanisms at the
national, regional and international levels to assess the
impact of development and environmental policies on
women
Actions to be taken by Governments,
organizations and NGOs, as appropriate:
•
regional
and
international
Provide technical assistance to women (…) to ensure the continuing
promotion
of
human
resource
development
and
the
development
environmentally sound technologies and women’s entrepreneurship
of
1.2. The future we want (Rio+20, 2012)
•
Women’s equal rights and opportunities in political and economic decision-making
•
Legislation and administrative reforms to give women equal rights with men to
economic resources, including access to ownership and control over land and other
forms of property, credit, inheritance, natural resources and appropriate new
technology
•
Donors and UN System organizations (…) to integrate fully commitments and
considerations on gender equality and women’s empowerment and to ensure the
participation of women and effective gender mainstreaming in their decision making and
full programming cycle
1.2. The future we want (Rio+20, 2012)
“We recognize that although progress on gender equality
has been made in some areas, the potential of women to
engage in, contribute to and benefit from sustainable
development as leaders, participants and agents of change
has not been fully realised due, inter alia, to persistent
social, economic, and political inequalities.”
1.3. Gender- related inequities:
Gender pay gap
Severe gender pay gap
in monthly earning; e.g.:
Azerbaijan, Georgia and
the Netherlands more
than 40%,; in Canada
and Austria it is over
25%.
1.3. Gender-related inequities: Share
of women among legislators, senior
officials and managers
Luxembourg, Malta
and Denmark: share of
under 25%, in Cyprus
and Turkey: below 15%.
The highest share in
ECE: Latvia, with
41.2%.
1.3. Gender-related inequities:
Women in decision-making - Members
of Parliament
20 UNECE countries:
share of women in
parliaments is less
than 20%
42 male and 15
female Environment
Ministers.
1.3. Gender-related inequities: Land
and Property
Access to land and property
Rights of women to own and access land or
property in the UNECE region*
Women have the same
legal rights
Women have limited
rights / face
discriminatory practices
*IUCN Environment and Gender Index
2013 Pilot, covering 30 UNECE countries
In Armenia, Georgia, Greece,
Kyrgyzstan, The Republic of
Moldova, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan,
women are disadvantaged.
In most cases, women only have
rights to own and administer some
kinds of property or face
discriminatory practices, restricting
their access to and ownership of
land in practice.
1.3. Gender-related inequities: Credit
In six out of 30 UNECE countries
women only have the right to
access some kinds of credit (e.g.
microcredit), or they have rights but
in practice they face discrimination
in accessing credit.
These countries are: Armenia,
Greece, Kyrgyzstan, Republic of
Moldova, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.
*IUCN Environment and Gender Index
2013 Pilot, covering 30 UNECE countries
Access to credit
Women's access to credit in the UNECE
region*
Women have similar rights
to access credit and bank
loans
Women have limited rights /
face discriminatory practices
1.3. Relevance of gender mainstreaming
for ECE’s work: Addressing inequities
•
Understand and raise awareness of persisting gender-related inequities in the UNECE
region
•
Provide background information, analysis and policy options with due consideration of the
implications for women and men, with the potential to lead to enhanced environmental
policy formulation and implementation
•
Include environment and gender considerations in the development and monitoring of
programs, policies, projects
Outline
1. Relevance of gender mainstreaming for our work at UNECE
2. Facilitating the implementation of gender mainstreaming at
UNECE
a) Programmes/Policy
b) Projects
c) Meetings, Workshops and Seminars
d) Research and Analysis
e) Publications and Meeting Outputs
3. Next steps
2. Facilitating the implementation of
gender mainstreaming at UNECE
How can we continue to mainstream gender related
considerations in our work?
•
•
Building on examples/success stories – in ECE and beyond
Sharing information on successful examples
1st draft of possible Guiding Questions and Examples for
Gender mainstreaming at UNECE in the areas of:
a) Programmes/Policy
b) Projects
c) Monitoring and Evaluation
d) Research and Analysis
e) Publications and Meeting Outputs
2. a) Gender mainstreaming in
Programmes/Policy related work
Programme Planning
(1) Options/ Considerations for Policy formulation/implementation/review:
substantive entry points to consider aspects with relevance for gender equality?
(2) Programme’s long-term effect: Impacts on gender equality?
(3) Activity planning: Different implications for women and men?
(4) Programme governance: Scope for discussing possibilities to mainstream gender at
the meetings of the Bureau / intergovernmental bodies? If so, what could the
secretariat propose to inspire the consideration of office holders?
2. a) Programme/policy level - UNECE
Strategy for Education for Sustainable
Development
(a) Policy formulation
•
Stresses the importance of gender equity for sustainable development
•
Identifies gender equity as a key theme
•
Sets out the aim to equip people with knowledge and skills to act with concern
for gender equity
(b) Monitoring and Evaluation
•
National implementation reporting (2007, 2010, 2014): indicator on whether
gender equity is addressed in formal education
2. a) Programme/policy level - UNECE
Strategy for Education for Sustainable
Development
(c) Activity Planning
•
Call for good practices in addressing Gender Equity in education (2013)
•
Establishment of electronic working space for collaborating on the promotion of
gender equity in education
(d) Governance
•
Gender equity on agenda of Bureau meeting (2013)
2. b) Gender mainstreaming in
Projects
Project Development
a) Different implication for women and men of project activities? How to address
these? Possible entry points for gender related considerations?
b) Project objectives non-discriminatory, equally benefiting women and men? Are
project objectives “gender-neutral”? Conducive to correcting gender imbalances?
c) Do the project’s content and substantive activities meet the needs of both men and
women, regardless of their ethnic, religious and economic background?
2. b) Project level - Project in the
Republic of Moldova on implementing
the Protocol on Water and Health
a) Different implication for women and men of project
activities?
•
Women identified as group in particular need of safe water and sanitation services,
especially in rural areas
b) Project objectives non-discriminatory, equally benefiting
women and men? “Gender-neutral”? Conducive to correcting
gender imbalances?
•
Promotion of gender equality is indirectly reflected in the project and its objectives of
improving equitable access to water and sanitation for all with special consideration
for vulnerable and marginalized groups.
2. b) Project level - Project in the
Republic of Moldova on implementing
the Protocol on Water and Health
c) Which entry points to consider in project?
•
Women‘s participation in decision-making


•
Balanced representation of women in project governance mechanisms
Institutional mechanisms to ensure adequate participation of women and men in
project activities
Gender-sensitive solutions in project outputs



Actions addressing women along with other groups in Action Plan on the
Implementation of Targets on the Protocol on Water and Health
Specific priority topics to be addressed by Clearing House identified, incl. genderrelevant topics and the collection of data disaggregated by sex, as and when
relevant
Gender-relevant issues in awareness raising campaigns, as appropriate
2. c ) Gender mainstreaming in
meetings, workshops, seminars
Are various methods being used to encourage all women and men to
participate fully and be comfortable in meetings/workshops?
•
(E.g. group discussions, discussions in pairs, system of rotating
chair, limited speaking time
per participant, going around the table
and ask each participant to say a few words,
etc.)
Do background materials, handouts and facilitation materials/ tools
highlight gender issues? Do these materials avoid gender bias?
2. c ) Gender mainstreaming in
meetings, workshops, seminars
•
Does the final report of the meeting fully reflect the discussions
covered in the meeting, valuing the experience of male and female
participants? Are the discussions depicted using gender sensitive
language and images?
•
Does the evaluation form ask for sex-disaggregated information
in order to analyze if men’s and women’s needs and expectations
have been met?
2. d) Gender mainstreaming in
Research and Analysis
• Does the research include considerations of the perspectives
and impacts on women and men?
• Is the research based on data disaggregated by sex?
• Does the contextual analysis include a review of the legal, social
and economic status of women?
2. e) Gender mainstreaming in
publications and written outputs
• Are there any substantive entry points to address gender
related considerations in publications or other written outputs,
such as press releases, news pieces, policy briefs or other?
• Is there scope for incorporating a gender dimension in guidance
materials or tools developed by ECE?
• Are there any actors with expertise with regard to gender and
the substantive issues under consideration who could be associated
to the drafting process?
2. e) Gender aspects highlighted in
publications
No one left behind - Good practices to ensure equitable access to
water and sanitation in the pan-European region
Highlights gender dimension of equitable access
to water & sanitation


Women’s equal participation in
public decision-making
Female roles in the context of water and
sanitation
Identifies policy options

Collect data on access to water and sanitation taking into account gender, so as to
identify discrepancies and set priorities for Government assistance
Outline
1. Relevance of gender mainstreaming for our work at UNECE
2. Facilitating the implementation of gender mainstreaming at UNECE
3. Next steps
3. Next Steps
• Review and Testing of Guiding Questions and their applicability to
our work
• Additional questions/areas to be added?
• Additional examples?
• Your views?
• Your questions?
Lunchtime Seminar
Thank you for your attention!
Franziska Ilg-Hirsch
[email protected]
Simone Hofner
[email protected]
Moritz Schott
[email protected]

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