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Title
Some Species of Cladosporium from Japan
Author(s)
Yamamoto, Wataro
Citation
兵庫農科大学研究報告. 農業生物学編, 4(1): 1-6
Issue date
1959
Resource Type
Departmental Bulletin Paper / 紀要論文
Resource Version
publisher
URL
http://www.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp/handle_kernel/81006107
Create Date: 2015-02-05
SOME SPECIES OF CLADOSPORIUM FROM JAPAN
Wataro YAMAMOTO
Although a number of species belonging to the
genus Cladosporium have been recorded from Japan,
their descriptions are generally too short and too
vague' for their identification: and the figures often
do not show the essential details of their structure.
In order to confirm Jap:mese species of the genus,
the author collected m3.ny Cladosporium fungi at
various localities in' the provinces of Tamba, Settsu
and Kawachi. These fungi were isohted by a
single spore isolation method, and cultured on the
culture media such as CZ3.pek's solution agar, malt
exstract agar and onion decoction agar.
From the results of studies m3.de on the morphological and cultural characteristics, they could
be classified into six species-Cladosporium herbarum LINK ex FRIES, Cladosporium sphaerospermum PENZIG, Cladosporium cladosporioides
(FRES.) de VRIES and three new species. The present paper deals with the diagD.osis of these species.
The m3.ny type cultures Cladosporium spp. were
kindly supplied by Dr. K. MINOURA (Oslka University) and Dr. T. HASEGAWA (Institute for Fermentation, OS3.ka). The author wishes to express his
sincere gratitude to them. The type cultures of
six species mentioned above are kept in the Institute
for Fermentation. Osaka, the Deplrtment of, Fermentation Technology, Osaka University and the
Laboratory of Phnt Pathology and Mycology, Hyogo
University of Agriculture.
JONES, Plant Path. 387. 1949.
Cladosporium epiphyllum PERSOON ex FRIES, in
Syst. Mycoi. 3: 360. 1886; de VRIES, Cantr. Knowi.
Gen. Cladosporium. 71. 1952.
Cladosporium epiphyllum (PER SOON) MARTIN, in
SACCARDO, Syll. Fung. 4: 360. 1886; IKATA, Path. &
Therap. Stud. Import. Paras. Dis. Jap. Persimmon.
26. 1942; HARA, List Jap. Fung. 69. 1954; GILMAN,
Man. Soil Fung. 334. 1957.
Cladosporium epiphyllum (PERSOON), LINDAU, in
RABENHORST, Krypt.-Fi. 8:804.1907 & Mikrosk. Pilz.
218. 1922.
Cladosporium graminum PERSOON ex CORDA, in de
VRIES, Contr. Knowi. Gen. Cladosporium. 71. 1952.
Cladosporium graminum CORDA, in Icon. Fung.
Huc. Congn. 1: 14. 1837; SACCARDO, Syll, Fung 4:
365.1886; LINDAu,in RABENHORST, Krypt.-Fi. 8: 815.
1907 & Mikrosk.Pilz. 219. 1922; HARA, List Jap.
Fung. 69. 1954.
Colonies on CZ3.pek, malt and onion agar media
growing rather slowly, velvety, sometimes lanose,
plane, p:Jwdery, olive green to greenish gray and
reverse of colony greenish black. Mycelium loosely
branched, irregularly septate, not constricted at the
septa, thin-walled, hyaline to sUbhyaIine, 2.5-4 ~
wide, later becoming stout. densely septate, pale
brown to brown. more or less constricted at the
septa, somewhat thick-walled, 5-11 ~ wide. Conidiophores arising laterally or terminally from" the
hyphae. simple. straight or somewhat sinuous, more
or less inflated at the apex, hter several times
proliferate, with 2-8 or more nodules, sometimes
geniculate at the upper p3.rt, 6-26-septate, not
constricted at, the septa, olivaceous brown, smoothwalled, 180-614 X 3-4.5 ~ and nodules 5-7 ~ wide.
Conidia acropleurogenous on the apex and nodules
of conidiophores, catenulate. Conidial chains 2-4
times branched and branches rebranched. Basal
conidia of chains subcylindrical or elliptic-oblong,
attenuate-truncate at the.b3.se, sometimes more or
less enlarged near the apex, sometimes slightly
proliferate, rarely geniculate near the apex. with
two to several hila near the apex. pale brown to
,olivaceous brown, continuous or I-septate, distinctly
verrucose, 10-23 X 3.5-6~. General conidia ellipsoid,
obovoid, elliptic-oblong, sometimes with 1-3 hila
near the apex, continuous or I-septate. distinctly
verrucose, 3.5-10x3-5 ~. (Figs. 1-4).
1. Cladosporium' herbarum LINK ex FRIES
in Syst. Mycoi. 3: 370.1832; AINTHWORTH & BISBY,
Dkt. Fung. 68.1950: BESSEY, Morph. & Taxon. Fung.
595. 1950; de VRIES, Contr: Knowi. Gen. Cladosporium. 71. 1952. ,
•
Cladosporium herbarum (PER SOON) LINK, in SACCAROO, Syll. Fung. 4: 350. 1886; IIJETA, Jap. Phytopath. 735. 1911; IKATA, Path. & Therap. Stud. Imp:Jrt.
Paras. Dis. Jap. Persimon. 28.1942; CLEMENTS &
SHEAR, Gen. Fung. 395. 1954; GILMAN, Man. Soil
Fung. 334. 1957.
Cladosporium herbarum LINK; in Mag. Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berlin, 3: 37.1801; VOGLINO, Path. Veget.
254. 1923; FERRARIS, Tratt. Path. Therap.Veget. 2:
1053. 1927; HARA, List Ja'p. Fung. 69. 1954.
Cladosporium herbarum (PERSOON\ LINDAU, in
RABENHORST, Krypt.-Fl. 8: 800.1907 & Mikrosk. Pilz.
218. 1922.
.
Cladosporium herbarum (LINK) FRIES, 'BUTLER &
1
Sci. Rep. Hyogo Univ. Agric.
Figs. 1-4. Cladosporium herbarum
LINK
ex
Vol. 4. No.1
Figs. 5-8. Cladosporium sphaerospermum
FRIES
1. Conidiophores. X 530.
2. Conidia. x 1200.
3. Basal conidia of conidial chains, x 1200.
4. Mycelial hyphae. >: 1200.
PENZIG
5. Conidiophores. X 530.
6. Conidia. X 1200.
7. Basal conidia of conidial chains. x 1200.
8. Chlamydospores produced in mycelial hyphae.
x 1200.
2
XII, 1959
Series:
Agricultural Biology
Hab. On bamboo slats of Phyllostachys reticulata
KOCH. Provo Kawachi, Kawachi-nagano-shi (Nov.
5, 1958, W. YAMAMOTO).
On leaves of Oryza sativa L. Provo Tamba, Tannan-cho, Komakura (Nov. 7, 1958, W. YAMAMOTO).
On flowers of Dahlia variaiblis DEsF. Provo
Tamba, Tannan-cho, Komakura (Nov. 7, 1958, W.
YAMAMOTO).
On dried fruits of Diospyros kaki L. Provo Tamba,
Sasayama-cho (Dec. 9, 1958, W. YAMAMOTO).
On leaves of Phaseolus chrysanthos SAVIo Provo
Tamba, Sasayama-cho (Nov. 6, 1958, W. YAMAMOTO).
3. Cladosporium cladosporioieds (FREsENIUs)
de VRIES
in Contr. KnowI. Gen. Cladosporium. 57. 1942;
PADY & KAPICA, MycoI. 47: 39.1955.
Penicillium cladosporioides FREsENIUs, in SACCARDO, Syll. Fung. 4: 310. 1886.
Hormodendrum cladosporioides (FREsENIUs) SACCARDO, in Syll. Fung. 4: 310. 1886.
Colonies on Czapek, malt and onion agar media
growing rather slowly, more or less velvety, powdery, slightly raised in the central area, more or
less radially furrowed, grayish olive, becoming olive
gray in age, and reverse of colony greenish black.
Mycelium loosely branched, irregularly septate, not
or slightly constricted at the septa, thin or slightly
thick-walled, subhyaline to pale brown or olivaceous
brown, smooth or slightly rough, 2.3-4.5 I' wide,
later becoming stout, dematioid, thick-walled, strongly constricted at the septa, dark brown, rough-walled, 5-10 I' wide. Conidiophores arising laterally
or terminally from the hyphae, simple, rarely
slightly barnched, straight, sometimes slightly sinuous, rarely more or less geniculate near the apex,
often with 1-4 short, lateral outgrowths just
beneath the septa at the. upper part, neither nodose
or proliferate, 5-25-septate, not or slightly constricted at the septa, olive gray, paler toward the
apex, smooth or finely verrucose, 110-510 x 2.53.5 1'. Conidia' acropleurogenous, catenulate on the
conidiophores and lateral outgrowths.
Conidial
chains 2-6 times branched and branches rebranched. Basal conidia sub cylindrical or obc1avatecylindrical, not or somewhat attenuate toward both
ends, rarely more or less constricted at the middle
part, attenuate-truncate at the base, more or less
enlarged and with 2-4 hila at the 'apex, continuous
or I-septate, pale gray to olive gray, smooth-walled,
12-35 X 3.5-5 1'. General conidia ellipsoid, limoniform, ovoid or oblong, some times with 1-4 hila
near the apex, continuous, smooth or very finely
verrucose, subhyaline to pale olive, 3-10 X 2.2-4 #.
(Figs. 9-12).
Hab. On bamboo slats of Phyllostachys reticulata
KOCH. Provo Tamba, Kasuga-cho (Feb. 4, 1958, N.
OYASU); Sasayama-cho (Jan. 21, 1958, W. YAMAMOTO).
On boards of Pinus densiflora SIEB et Zucco
Provo Tamba, Sasayama-cho (Dec. 2, 1958, W. YAMAMOTO).
On dried fruits of Diospyros kaki L. Provo Tamba, Sasayama-cho (Dec. 9, 1958, W. YAMAMOTO)
2. Cladosporium sphaerospermum PENzig
in SACCARDO, Syll. Fung. 4: 355. 1886; LINDAAU,
inRABeNHoRsT, Krypt.-FI. 8: 826. 1907 & Mikrosk.
Pilz. 218. 1922; de Vries, Contr. KnowI. Gen. Cladosporium. 81. 1952; HARA, List lap. Fung. 70. 1954.
Colonies on Czapek, malt and onion agar media
grpwing rather slowly, velvety or lanose. later powdery, slightly raised in the central area, somewhat
furrowed, grayish olive to dark olive gray, becoming
dark olive brown to dark brown in age. Reverse
of c10ny greenish black. Mycelium loosely branched.
irregularly septate, not or slightly constricted at
the septa, thin-walled, subhyaline to pale brown,
2.2-5.5 I' wide. Chlamydospores intercalary in the
immersed hyphae, solitary, sometimes two aggregate,
rectangular or oblong, not or slightly inflated" continuous, pale brown to brown, smooth, more or le;;s
thick-walled. with thicker and darker ends, 5-15 X
2.5-6 1'. Conidiophores simple or branched, sometimes rebranched, more or less genculateil a the
upper part, many septate, neither nodose or proliferate, often with 1-5 short, lateral outglowths just
beneath the septa at the upper part, b~aring chains
of conidia, olivaceous brown to dark brown. finely
verrucose 160-495x2.3-3.5 1'; branches 10-137 I'
long. Conidia acropleurogenous on conidiophores and
lateral outgrowths, catenulate. Conidial chains 3-6
times branched; branches rebranched. Basal conidia of chains long ellipsoid or subcylindrical, attenuate toward both ends, truncate at the base,
slightly enlarged and with 1-4 hila at the apex.
continuous or I-septate, olivaceous brown to dark
brown, finely verrucose, 8-23x3-51'. General
conidia globose, subglobose or ellipsoid, apiculate at
the apex or both ends, continuous or I-septate, pale
brow to dark brown, finely verrucose, 3-6x33.5 1'. (Figs. 5-8).
Hab. On bamboo slats of Phyllostachys reticulata
KOCH. Provo Tamba, Sasayama-cho (Jan. 31, 1958,
W. YAMAMOTO).
On boards of Pinus densiflora SIEB et Zucco
Provo Tamba, Sasayama-cho (Dec. 2, 1958, W.
YAMAMOTO).
4.
Cladosporium multigeniculatum YAMAMOTO sp. nov.
Coloniis in agaro Czapeki rapide crescentibus;
3
Vol. 4, No.1
Sci. Rep. Hyogo Univ. Agric.
Cladosporium cladosporioides (FRES.
de VRIES
9. Conidiophores. / 530.
]0. Conidia. x 1200.
11. Basal conidia of conidial chains, ',' 1200.
12. Mycelial hyphae, x ] 200.
Figs. 9-12.
Cladosporium mulligl'niculafum
sp. nov.
13. Conidiophores. ;. 530.
]1 , Conidia. :. 1200.
] 5. Basal conidia of conidial chai ns. " ]200.
16. Conidial struct ure, / 530.
Figs. 13-16.
I
YAMAMOTO
1
XII. 1959
Series:
Agricultural Biology
caespitulis velutinis, pulveulentibus, planis, interdum
leniter suIcatis, olivaceis vel olivaceo-griseis, postea
fusco-olivacentibus, reversum viridi-atrum; mycelio
compacto intertexto. ex hyphis laxe ramosis, irregulariter septatis, ad septa non vel parum constrict is, levibus vel scabriusculis, e subhyalino
pallide brunneis. 2.2-5.5 fb crass is composito; conidiophoris in hyphis terminalibus vel lateralibus,
simpli:ibus, raro ramosis, rectis vel plus minus
sinuosis, saepe dense irregulariterque multigeniculatis, interdum 1-5 nodulosis, 6-27 vel pluriseptatis,
ad septa non vel parum constrict is, fuscis, sursum
pallescentibus, I~~ibus, 160-880 x4-5 fb, ramis 48
-88 fb long is, raro usque 180 p, longis; conidiis
acropleurogenis, catenulatis, in' catenulas dense
ramosas disPositis; ~onidiis basis obelavatis vel
obela vato-cylindraceis, deorsum attenuato-truncatis.
apice plus minusve inflatis, saepe breviter; Illuraliterque proliferatis et irregulariter geniculatis, apice
cum pluraIiter hilis, continuis vel 1:""'-2-septatis,
pallide olivaceis, levibus, 13-34 x 3-5 fb; , conidiis
supernis ellipsoideis vel, 'ovoideis, raro subglobosis
vel oblong is. r~ro subglobosis vel oblong is. interdum apice cum 1-5 hilis, continuis vel1:septatis.
levibus vel minutissime verruculosis, e subhyalino
pallide olivaceis, 4-12X2.5-4.5 p. (Figs. 13-16).
Hab. On bamboo slats of Ph,yllostachys reticulata
KOCH. Provo Settsu. Nisinomiya-shi. Yamaguchi-cho
(Jan. 19. 1958, M. MAEDA). Prov. Kawachi. Kawachi-nagno-shi (May 10, 1958, W. YAMAMOTO).
Remarks. The present species somewhat resembles Cladosporium herbarum LINK ex FRIES. but it
is distinguished from the latter by the shapes of
conidiophores and basal conidia which are muItigeniculate.
5.
acropleurogenis. catenulatis, in catenulas dense ramosas dispotis; conidiis basis subcylindraceis vel
obelavato-cylindraceis, deorsum attenuato-truncatis,
apice plus minusve inflatis et cum bi vel plurihilis,
raro breviter proliferatis, continuis veI1-2-septatis.
paIlide olivaceo-griseolis. levibus, 10-22x3.5-4 fl;
conidiis supernis ellipsoideis. ellipeoideo-oblongis vel
oblong is, interdum apice cum 1-3 hilis. continuis
vel l-septatis, e hyalino pallide olivaceis, 3.4-lOx
2.3-4 p. (Figs. 17-20).
Hab. On fruits of Ficus Carica L. Prov. Tamba. Sasayama-cho (Nov.' 6, 1958, W. YAMAMOTO).
On leaves of Oryza sativa L. Provo Tamba, Tannan-cho. Komakura (Nov. 7, 1958, W. YAMAMOTO).
Remarks. The present species somewhat resembles Cladosporium cladosporioides (FRES.) de VRIES.
but it is distinguished from the latter by the coralloid hyphae and by the shape of conidiophores which
have nodules with prominent hila on them.
6. Cladosporium funiculosum YAMAMOTO sp.
nov.
Coloniis in agaro Czapeki rapide crescentibus;
caespitulis f1occosis, plus minueve pulverulentibus.
olivaceis vel griseo-olivaceis, postea griseo-brunneis. reversum obscure purpureum vel atro-purpureum; mycelio compacto intertexto, ex hyphis
laxe vel dense ramosis, irregulariter septatis. ad
sept:l non constrict is, e hyalino pallide olivaceis,
scabris, plus minusve mucihginis, interdum aggregat is, postea griseo-olivascentibus. 2.2-5.5 fl crass is
composito; conidiophoris SOlitlriis vel fasciculatis,
saepe funiculosis, simplicibus vel breviter ramosis.
rectis vel parum sinuosis, raro sursum geniculatis,
saepe ad septa 1-4 denticulatis, 7-50 vel pluriseptatis, ad septa non constrict is. scabris griseoolivaceis, 170-1270 x 2.5-4 fl; conidiis acropleurogenis, catenulatis, in catenulas dense ramosas dispositis; conidiis basis subcylindraceis, deorsum attenuato-truncatis. apice non vel plus minus inflatis
et cum 2-4 indistincte hilis, continuis vel 1-2septltis, minutissime verruculosis, griseo-olivaceis,
10-20x3-4.5 p,; conidiis supernis, ellipsoideis vel
ellipsoideo-oblongis, utrimque obtusis, interdum
apice cum 1-3 hHis. minutissime verruculosis, e
hyalino pallide olivaceis, continuis vel l-septatis,
4.5-10x2-4 p. (Figs. 21-24).
Hab. On leaves of Phaseolus chrysanthos SA VI.
Provo Tamba, Tannan-cho. Komakura (Oct. 29, 1958.
W. YAMAMOTO).
Remarks. The shape of funiculose conidiophores
is the chief distinguishing characteristic of the
present species.
(Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Mycology,
Received Aug. 1, 1959).
Cladosporium coralloides YAMAMOTO sp.
nov.
Coloniis in agaro Czapeki rapide crescentibus;
, ,caespitulis lanosis vel f1occosis, radiatim plus minusve suIcatis, griseo-olivaceis ,vel grise is, reversum
viridi-atrum; mycelio compacto intertexto, exhyphis
laxe ramosis. irregulariter septatis, ad septa non vel
leniter constrict is. initio hyalinis. deinde pallide
griseo-olivaceis. 2.5-5 fl crassis composito. postea
saepe hyphis dichotome vel irregulariter denseque
ramosis., coralloideis, fasciculatis. plus minusve tortuosis. dense septatis. interdum valde constrict is, e
subhyalino griseo-brunneis. 4-6.5 fl crasis, raro
hyphis immersis spiraliter uncinatis; conidiophoris
in hyphis l~teralibus vel terminalibts. simpiiCibus,
raro ramosis, rectis vel subflexuosis, ad apicem
plus minusve inflatis, deinde proliferatis, geniculatis, plus minusve, nodulosis et cum bi vel pluri
hi lis, interd~m ad septa denticulatis, 5-30-septatis,
ad septa non constrict is, 120-580x3-5 fb; conidiis
5
Sci. Rep. Hyogo Univ. Agric.
Cladosporium coralloides YAMAMOTO
sp. nov.
Conidiophores, x 530.
Conidia, x 1200.
Basal conidia of conidial chains, x 1200.
CoralIoid and spiral hyphae. x 1200.
Figs. 17-20.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Vol. 1, No. 1
Figs. 21-24. Cladosporium funiculosum YAMAMOTO
sp. nov.
21. Singular and funicular conidiophores, X 530.
22. Conidia, x 1200.
23. Basal conidial of conidial chains, x 1200.
24. Conidial structure, x 530.
6

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