Science Progress Book 1 • Numeracy and Mathematics • Physics [items in black text can be found in the Science Progress textbooks. Items in purple are extra ideas to try with your class] PHYSICS • Students: Skills Energy transfers • Calculate the amount of energy transferred when a man climbs stairs Forces and effects • Calculate resultant forces Electricity • Calculate p.d, current flow or resistance using Ohm’s Law Energy resources • Calculate mean voltage output of a photovoltaic cell for different angles to the light source Magnets and electromagnets • Use equations to find the average time between reversals in the Earth’s magnetic field • Calculate the amount of work done in different situations Application of arithmetic Motion • Calculate speed using numerical values and distance – time graphs • Calculate acceleration from a speed – time graph • Calculate mass and weight • Calculate the energy released by burning different foods • Calculate the efficiencies of different energy transfers • Calculate the energy transferred by different appliances used for different lengths of time Measures, estimates and sense checking Geometric and algebraic understanding • Measure the increase in temperature of water when different masses of foods are burnt • Explain why a man eating a high fat diet is more likely to gain weight than a man eating a high protein diet • Measure the extension of springs or elastic bands • Measure the force of friction on different surfaces and calculate means • Use the equation to calculate energy transferred • Measure the angle of a photovoltaic cell to a light source and the voltage output • Use and rearrange the equation: p.d =IxR • Measure the number of paper clips attracted by different magnets • Use the equation to calculate efficiency • Measure the distance travelled and time taken for people and objects • Random, systematic and zero errors – causes and prevention • Use information to determine the equations to calculate the time taken to form a 1km thick layer of basalt and the average time between reversals of the earth’s magnetic field • Use the equation to calculate work done • Use the equation: average speed = distance ÷ time to calculate average speed, distance or time • Use the equation W = m x g • Make inferences from the equation P = I2 x R Probability, risk and uncertainty Collecting, presenting and analysing data • Predict values of current and p.d in different parts of series and parallel circuits • Interpret information from cooling curves • Plot a graph of extension against force • Display energy transfer data in bar charts, pie charts, line graphs, bubble charts, flow charts and Sankey diagrams • Interpret graphs showing the extension of a spring or elastic band • Interpret Sankey diagrams • Research and display data about the proportion of electricity generated from different energy sources in the UK and start up times of different power stations • Present and interpret data from friction investigations • Interpret distance – time graphs • Interpret speed – time graphs • Research and display data about forms of pollution produced by burning fossil fuels and draw conclusions Science Progress Book 2 • Numeracy and Mathematics • Physics PHYSICS • Students: Skills Application of arithmetic Domestic and static electricity Waves and sound Light • Calculate power and current using P = I x p.d • Relate changes in frequency to number of octaves • Predict the angle of reflection given angles related to the incident ray • Calculate energy used using the equation: energy used = power x time • Calculate how far away a storm is using the time between lightning and thunder • Calculate how long it takes light to reach us from different objects in space • Calculate the number of kWh of energy used by an appliance • Use SONAR data to calculate the depth of water or shoals of fish Application of forces • Calculate the moment of a force • Use the principle of moments to decide whether a ruler is in balance, or which way it will turn • Calculate the pressure exerted by different objects Heat transfer • Calculate the rate of conduction through different metals • Calculate the rate of water cooling in different coloured cans or with different amounts of insulation Exploring Space • Work out the sizes of planets and distances they would have to be positioned in order to produce a scale model of the solar system • Calculate the density of regular and irregular shaped objects • Calculate the cost of using different appliances for different periods of time • Calculate charge, current or time using Q = I x t • Convert watts to kilowatts Measures, estimates and sense checking Geometric and algebraic understanding • Convert time in seconds or minutes to time in hours • Read electric meters to work out how many Units of energy have been used over a given period • Measure the amplitude and wavelength of waves presented on graph paper or on oscilloscope screens • Measure angles on ray diagrams • Measure the angle of incidence and angle of reflection • Use P= I x p.d to calculate power and current • Interpret drawings and CRO displays of different sound waves • Use energy used = power x time to calculate energy used, power or time • Use speed = distance ÷ time for SONAR calculations • Measure the weight of a person and area of different footwear to calculate the pressure exerted on the floor • Measure the mass and volume of regular and irregular shaped objects to calculate their densities • Use speed = distance ÷ time to calculate how long it takes light to reach us from different objects in space • Use Q = I x t to calculate charge, current or time • Measure the time it takes for different metals to conduct heat • Measure the temperature of a liquid cooling with time in different coloured cans or with different amounts of insulation • Use scales to work out the diameters of planets required for a scale model of the solar system and the distances they would have to be positioned; accurately measure and cut out the planets and measure the distances of them from each other and from the Sun • Use the equation: moment = force x perpendicular distance from pivot • Explain using a model why we have seasons • Use the equation: force on left x perpendicular distance from pivot = : force on right x perpendicular distance from pivot • Explain using a model the phases of the moon • Apply the principle of moments to levers • Use the equation pressure = force ÷ area Probability, risk and uncertainty Collecting, presenting and analysing data • Complete a table showing meter readings and Units used, and draw conclusions • Investigate the relationship between the angle of incidence and angle of reflection • Complete tables • Present data about sound levels in different formats and decide which are the best for different types of data • Draw ray diagrams to show reflection and refraction of light • Plan and carry out a method to calculate the density of air; evaluate the method used • Carry out an investigation to find the best cup to serve a take-away hot drink in; record the results in a table and graph; make conclusions • Produce scatter graphs to show how gravitational filed strength varies with mass, how length of year varies with distance from the Sun; how surface temperature varies with distance from the Sun • Draw lines of best fit for scatter graphs that show a pattern www.hoddereducation.co.uk/scienceprogress
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