Unbemannte Flugsysteme - von Bothmer - AIR

UAV DACH e.V.
04. Juni 14 – RPAS
Gelsenkirchen
Wo?Kongress
www.uavdach.org
Wo?Kongress 05.06.14
1
Agenda
• Öffentliche Meinungen zum Thema „Drohnen“
• Unbemannte Luftfahrzeuge (Begriffserläuterung)
• Zivile Einsatzmöglichkeiten heute und in der Zukunft
• Hemnisse / Privacy
• UAV DACH e.V.
Fachgebiet Flugführung und Luftverkehr
Forschungsstelle Sicherheit
4
5
Agenda
• Öffentliche Meinung zum Thema „Drohnen“
• Unbemannte Luftfahrzeuge (Begriffserläuterung)
• Zivile Einsatzmöglichkeiten heute und in der Zukunft
(Marktanalysen)
• Hemnisse
• UAV DACH e.V.
Begriffe
Cir 328
AN/190
Einige Begriffe / Abkürzungen
Abbreviations/Acronyms
ACAS Airborne collision avoidance system
Explanation
of Terms
ADS-BAutomatic
dependent surveillance — broadcast
ADS-C
Automatic dependent surveillance — contract
ANSP
Air
navigation
service provider
Note – The terms contained
herein are used in the context of this circular. Except where indicated, they have no
ATC
Air
traffic
control
official status within ICAO. Where a formally recognized ICAO definition is included herein for convenience, this is
ATFM Air traffic flow management
noted
with an *. Where a term is used differently from a formally recognized ICAO definition, this is noted with an **.
ATM Air traffic management
ATS Air traffic services
Aircraft*.
Anyand
machine
C2
Command
control that can derive support in the atmosphere from the reactions of the air other than the
C3
Command,
control
and communications
reactions
of the air
against
the earth’s surface.
CNS Communications, navigation, and surveillance
CPDLC
Controller-pilot
data link communications
Aircraft category*.
Classification
of aircraft according to specified basic characteristics, e.g. aeroplane,
EASA European Aviation Safety Agency
helicopter,
glider, free balloon.
EUROCAE European Organisation for Civil Aviation Equipment
HF
High frequency
Autonomous
IFR Instrumentaircraft.
flight rulesAn unmanned aircraft that does not allow external intervention in the management of the
IMO International Maritime Organization
flight.
ITU International Telecommunication Union
PANS
Proceduresoperation.
for Air Navigation
Services during which a remotely-piloted aircraft is operating without external
Autonomous
An operation
QOS Quality of service
intervention
in the management of the flight.
RPA Remotely-piloted aircraft
RPAS Remotely-piloted aircraft system
Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Circular
Notiz BvB:
Command and control link. The data link between the remotely-piloted aircraft and the remote pilot station for
UAV
Unmanned aerialVermerk
vehiclevon
(obsolete
„Leslie“term)
vom Januar 2011
the purposes of managing the flight.
The Cir should be held back a little longer. It has gone through editorial which generated
minor corrections. I should have the clean version very soon and the published document
1.
General Information
OPS
EASA und ICAO
Operational rules | initial concept
Aircraft classification as described in CIR 328 (ICAO)
human
pilot on
board
machine
with a pilot
RPA
Aircraft
human
pilotless
remotely
piloted
machine
ICAO Cir 328 Definition
RPA Remotely-piloted aircraft
RPAS
Remotely-piloted aircraft system
9
1.
General Information
RPA
UAV DACH Konferenz 8./9.11.11 in Bremen / 10
OHB Sys
10
UA - System / UAS - Description
Aircraft
• Propulsion
• Payload
• Energie
• Flightcontrol
• Start/Landing
• Avionic
Datalink
• Relais (UAV / Sat)
• LOS
(Safe & Secure)
Ground station
• Mission Plg, Flightcontrol
• Missioncontrol
• Data explotation
ATC
11
Einführung in die Thematik
Das System Luftfahrt
Andere
Luftverkehrsteilnehmer
Betreiber
Luftfahrzeug
Schnittstelle
Pilot
Das System der Luftfahrt
M
A
V
Equivalenz
Luftfahrzeug
Flugverkehrskontrolle
Schnittstelle
Datalink
Prinzipien
Sprache
Schnittstelle
R
P
A
S
Pilot
CC: Klaus Wohlers (CAS)
12
SAFETY
safety is a relative term, covering a spectrum from
“safe/zero risk”, to states and conditions, actions or
events that are less and less safe
SAFE
ACCEPTABLY
(ZERO RISK?) SAFESAFE
LESS AND LESS
Vorteil /
Gewinn
Autofahrt mit hoher Geschwindigkeit
Radfahren ohne Helm
Akzeptierte Gefahr
UAV DACH Konferenz 8./9.11.11 in Bremen / 14
OHB Sys
Detect & Avoid
Detect:
• Erkennen
• Identifizieren
(Größe, Geschw.,
Richtung)
Avoid
•Entscheiden
•Reagiern
•Manöver
•Report?
Detect & Avoid
Agenda
• Öffentliche Meinungen zum Thema „Drohnen“
• Unbemannte Luftfahrzeuge (Begriffserläuterung)
• Zivile Einsatzmöglichkeiten heute und in der Zukunft
• Hemnisse / Privacy
• UAV DACH e.V.
Issues to be addressed
• Privacy ranks on the
top of the issues to be
addressed to allow a
sustainable
development of civil
RPAS applications
Fachgebiet Flugführung und Luftverkehr
Forschungsstelle Sicherheit
Pivacy and Data Protection
(PDP)
Fachgebiet Flugführung und Luftverkehr
Forschungsstelle Sicherheit
What does EC intend to do for RPAS?
COMMUNICATION COM(2014)207, 8.4.2014
A new era for aviation - Opening the aviation market to the civil
use of remotely piloted aircraft systems in a safe and
sustainable manner
The European strategy aims
at establishing a single RPAS market to reap the societal
benefits of this innovative technology and
at dealing with citizens' concerns through
public debate and
protective action wherever needed.
Fachgebiet Flugführung und Luftverkehr
Forschungsstelle Sicherheit
What needs to be done?
To unleash the potential of civil RPAS and support the
development of the market, it is necessary to
integrate RPAS into European airspace in a safe
and secure way
protect citizens against possible adverse
effects:
 accidents (third-party liability, insurance)
 threat to privacy and protection of personal data
22
EC contribution
Airspace Insertion
• Development of enabling technologies
 SESAR JU:
currently running 9 demonstration projects and a definition
phase
• Development of safety regulation
 RPAS > 150 kg (EU competence):
EASA to develop regulation
 RPAS < 150 kg (national competence):
EC may propose the extension of
EASA competence to RPAS of all
sizes (NAAs remaining competent for
the implementation)
Fachgebiet Flugführung und Luftverkehr
Forschungsstelle Sicherheit
EC contribution(2)
Societal issues
• Third-party liability and insurance
 Assessment of regulatory needs (Study on-going)
• Privacy





Study on-going (today: 1st hearing)
Article 29 WP questionnaire and workshop with NDPAs on 28/2
Letter to Article 29 WP requesting specific study on RPAS
Ethical issue of RPAS surveillance raised within the Group on Ethics
Conference on RPAS privacy and data protection (Spring 2015)
Market development
• Support measures (COSME WP2014)
 Regulatory (safety & privacy) awareness
•R&D (Horizon 2020)
Need for clear
information
material for SMEs
Secure societies, Robotics, Eurostar2
Fachgebiet Flugführung und Luftverkehr
Forschungsstelle Sicherheit
EC study on RPAS PDP
• Objectives
• Identify relevant PDP regulatory framework (European and
national)
• Discuss ethical issues and asses PDP risks related to various
civil RPAS applications
• Make recommendations for effectively regulating safety,
privacy and data protection
 Actions at EU level
 Actions at national level
 Links with safety regulation
Fachgebiet Flugführung und Luftverkehr
Forschungsstelle Sicherheit
Civil RPAS operations: PDP threats
Operator Safety
Regulation
Surveillance
Other professional
applications
Leisure
Governmental
[Commercial]
Commercial
[Governemental]
Private
RPAS
Model Aircrafts
(national)
State aircrafts
(national)
[RPAS]
Mainly a
national
issue
Need
for clear
(EU/national)
assessment of
privacy issues
and instruction
for corrective
measures
Fachgebiet Flugführung und Luftverkehr
Forschungsstelle Sicherheit
Datenschutz (UAV DACH 2013!)
• Die Belange des Datenschutzes sowie der Schutz der Privatsphäre
sind bereits Gegenstand der datenschutzrechtlichen Gesetzgebung von
Bund und Ländern, (ibs. § 6b BDSG sowie die Datenschutzgesetze der
Länder), die Vorgaben des Datenschutzes mit seinen Regelungen
bezüglich des Umgangs mit personenbezogenen Daten, die in ITSystemen oder manuell verarbeitet werden, wie auch das "Recht am
Bild“.
• In dieser Beziehung gibt es keinen Unterschied zwischen bemannten
und unbemannten Luftfahrzeugen.
• Zusammenfassend ist dem Aspekt Datenschutz im Zusammenhang mit
RPAS Betrieb dem gleichen, hohen Stellenwerte beizumessen wie im
sonstigen öffentlichen Leben und es Bedarf eigentlich keiner
gesonderten Regelung.
28
Privacy – Gedanken von UAV DACH
(rules have to be done for all uses
also in busses, trains etc.)
Not only think at video and camera but also SIGINT
•
•
•
•
Mark photos / videos with dates: when, where by whom
Make the RPAS visual for the poeple
May be: permission need from the owners
May be: have a Jam-boarder
Ergänzungen Prof. Giemulla vom 2.6.14:
• Kennzeichnungspflicht für Luftbilder (bei Veröffentlichung)
mit Bußgeldbewehrung.
• Erkennungsmöglichkeit des RPAS durch Gerät am Boden
(i-phone). Technisch schon machbar?.
• Wenn Verletzung von Betriebsgeheimnissen infrage steht:
Erlaubnis des Grundstückseigentümmers zu jammen.
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§ 15a Abs. 3 Satz 1 Nr. 2
LuftVO
> 25 kg
§ 15a Abs. 3 Satz 1 Nr. 1
LuftVO
≤ 25 kg
FachgebietFolien
Flugführung
von Dr.und
vanLuftverkehr
Schyndel, TU Berlin
Forschungsstelle
Sicherheit
korrigiert
34
§ 15a Abs. 3 Satz 3 1.
Alternative LuftVO
Flugbeschränkungsgebiet
(Restricted Area)
> 25 kg
Und / oder
FachgebietFolien
Flugführung
von Dr.und
vanLuftverkehr
Schyndel, TU Berlin
Forschungsstelle
Sicherheit
korrigiert
35
§ 15a Abs. 3 Satz 3 2.
Alternative LuftVO
> 25 kg
Und / oder
FachgebietFolien
Flugführung
von Dr.und
vanLuftverkehr
Schyndel, TU Berlin
Forschungsstelle
Sicherheit
korrigiert
36
BMVBS (-> BMVI)
Oct 2013
Website: www.uavdach.org
Fachgebiet Flugführung und Luftverkehr
Forschungsstelle Sicherheit
37
BMVI
Fachgebiet Flugführung und Luftverkehr
Forschungsstelle Sicherheit
38
Height-Tech
GE MoT
Microdrones
AscTec
GerMap
Geo-Technic
Operator Qty
approved GE
Unknown
~1000
unknown
unknown
Unknown
Operator,
outside
Unknown
30%
unknown
unknown
Commercial
estimate 100
Qty flown <2kg
Estimate
261,440
~300
≤ 50
126
Commercial
estimate 250
Qty flown 5kg
Estimate
88,700
~650
≤ 100
37
Commercial
estimate 550
250
permanent
(2 years)
Qty flown 25kg
-
~45
unknown
635
Commercial
estimate 40
204 single
Qty flown 25kg150kg
-
~5
unknown
0
-
% electr.
100 %
99%
100% for up to 5 kg
Unknown for >5 kg
10%
97%
Type comm /
noncomm Ops /
duration
All
All
All
-
Firefighters,
Police, THW
Firefighters,
Police, THW
Photogrammetry, Land
ressoruce
management,
Agriculture,
Infrastructure
Firefighters
(Thüringen),
Küstenforschungsi
nstitut
Niedersachsen
Varies
3-14 days
1 – 4 weeks,
varying costs,
valid 2 years
4 days – 6
weeks
usually 14
days
Estimate
1,200
~10
≤ 20 for
commercial
RPAS
Governmental
non milit
Time to get
permits to fly (16
states!)
Quantity (GE)
Manufactors
Polizei
Saxony,
Niedersachen
Permanent/ Single
Mavinci
- also training
school
German manuf.
for professional
Market: ~10
(2012)
mostly electr.
40
UAV DACH Konferenz 8./9.11.11 in Bremen / 41
OHB Sys
cc: Dr. Tränapp, IABG
(…..)
Prof. Dr. Elmar Giemulla
UAV DACH
42
ExpertGroup UAV DACH / BDLI
Fachgebiet Flugführung und Luftverkehr
Forschungsstelle Sicherheit
43
UAV DACH offered the GE MoT:
Database of all RPAS in their community
44
<
Example for the RPAS
25 kg database
in the Website:
[email protected]
AR100-B
AR100-C
AR120
AR180
[email protected]
AscTec Falcon 8
AscTec Hummingbird
AscTec Firefly
AscTec Pelican
[email protected]
Morio
[email protected]
P-15
[email protected]
Tracker / DRAC
Copter - City
Copter - 1b
[email protected]
Fancopter
Aladin
[email protected]
SmartOneC (PAMS)
G180
G220
[email protected]
[email protected]
HT-4-200
Syrphus "Europa"
HT-6-800
Syrphus 100RH
HT-8-2000
[email protected]
SIRIUS
[email protected]
md4-200
md4-1000
md4-3000
45
Agenda
• Öffentliche Meinung zum Thema „Drohnen“
• Unbemannte Luftfahrzeuge (Begriffserläuterung)
• Zivile Einsatzmöglichkeiten heute und in der Zukunft
(Marktanalysen)
• Hemnisse
• UAV DACH e.V.
„UAV DACH e.V.“
• Jan 2000 Foundation – supported by UVSI
• 60 Members (Producer, Researcher, User)
structure: association
• Task Forces / Sub Groups
www.uavdach.org
Drohnen, 08.07.14 – v. Bothmer – UAV DACH e.V.
48
UAV DACH e.V.
Members: industry, user and research in Germany, Austria,
Switzerland, North-Italy and the Netherlands;
Aim: safe integration of unmanned aircrafts
into non segregated airspace;
Opportunity of information exchange with other
organizations / agencies / Ministries and among its members;
Cooperate with the competent authorities
(MoTs, CAAs, EASA etc.) in EC.
Fachgebiet Flugführung und Luftverkehr
Forschungsstelle Sicherheit
49
Fachgebiet Flugführung und Luftverkehr
Forschungsstelle Sicherheit
Quelle: UVSI 2013
50
UAV DACH e.V.
Public Info
Lobby / Press
Operations
6 Exp Sections
UAS Office
Qualified entity
•
•
Service
Business Case
 Aplications
 PIC / Licensing
 D&A
 Airworthiness
 AirLaw /
Insurance
 C3
Expertise
51
What needs to be done?
• Continuing in details of the UAV DACH / BDLI RPAS concept
• Harmonisation in the 16 GE Federal States concerning
Permanent Permission for RPAS 5 - <= 25 kg
• Single Permission enlarging RPAS > 25 kg
(examples Uni Mannheim)
• Continuing the workshops between UAV DACH and the MoT
• Soon: flexible regulations for different OPS
(RPAS < 150 kg) Harmonisation in Europe
• Establishing a Service-Organisation by UAVDACH
• Getting a safe and secure DL (C3)
• Extention of §30 AirLaw (now only for Police and Armed Forces):
for Techn. Federal Agency (THW), Fireworkers, Red Cross,
ADAC etc.
• Accepted D&A Technologies / Procedures (-> flights BLOS)
52
Autonomous!?
53
UAV DACH Konferenz 8./9.11.11 in Bremen / 53
OHB Sys