Fuel Cell and Hydrogen

Germany's new Energy Policy and its Implications
for Fuel Cells/Hydrogen and Renewables:
North Rhine-Westphalia – Perspectives of a
Leading Fuel Cell Location in Europe
Thomas Kattenstein
Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Network NRW
Tokyo – February 26, 2014
Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Network NRW (FCHN NRW)
Agenda

Germany’s new Energy Policy

Energy Turnaround and Need for Hydrogen

Activities on Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in NRW
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Agenda

Germany’s new Energy Policy

Energy Turnaround and Need for Hydrogen

Activities on Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in NRW
3
February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
“Energiewende” – Objectives of new Government
Five major objectives for the “Energiewende” (unchanged):
1. Phasing out of nuclear power plants
(by 2022, today’s share 16 %)
2. Reduction of energy imports
(oil and gas, today’s imports 70 %)
3. Economic development and employment
(today’s number of jobs 300,000)
4. Climate protection
(today’s emissions reductions 22 %)
5. Link of renewables with climate protection
(international frontrunner)
“Energiewende is not an ecologic passion or stupidity, instead we have the
chance to practically link the above mentioned five objectives.”
Sigmar Gabriel, Minister of Economy (Berlin, February 10, 2014)
But risks have to be taken more into account (new):
-
Development of costs (for industry and private customers)
-
Security of power supply
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
“Energiewende” – Objectives of new Government
Topic
Objective
Greenhouse gas:
minus 40 % by 2020; 80-95 % by 2050
22 %
Energy efficiency:
25 % share of CHP by 2020
16 %
Renewables power:
40-45 % by 2025; 55-60 % by 2035
25 %
Transport:
1 million electric vehicles by 2020
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
2013: 830 m tons
Private
Small
Business
Status
Relevant with regard to energy

Energy Sector
13,000
Power
and

Heat
and

Fuels
Transport
Industry,
Process Heat
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February 26, 2014
Source: UBA, BDEW
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
“Energiewende” – Objectives of new Government
Topic
Objective
Greenhouse gas:
minus 40 % by 2020; 80-95 % by 2050
22 %
Energy efficiency:
25 % share of CHP by 2020
16 %
Renewables power:
40-45 % by 2025; 55-60 % by 2035
25 %
Transport:
1 million electric vehicles by 2020
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
2013: 830 m tons
Private
Small
Business
Status
13,000
Renewable Power Generation
2013 : 25 %
Energy Sector
Transport
Industry,
Process Heat
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February 26, 2014
Source: UBA, BDEW
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG)
– Under Discussion in Germany
Total costs of EEG
Industry
Private
Households
Status:
 Steady increase of renewables share (accordig to goals), but
costs of EEG are high (20 b€/a or 6.24 €Ct/kWh)
30%
35%
Total:
20 b€/a
 Exemptions for energy-intensive industry (5 b€/a) under criticism
by European Commission and German public
14%
 German public is in favour of “Energiewende” (89 %),
only 42 % are in favour of the implementation
EEG Apportionment
2014: 6.24 €Ct/kWh or 8.7 Yen/kWh
Public Facilities
20%
1%
Small
Business
Power consumption of industry
Reduced or none EEG
apportionment
(4 % of companies)
16%
4%
47%
8%
25%
Source: BDEW
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February 26, 2014
Complete EEG
apportionment
(96 % of companies)
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Recommendations by new Government
Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG):
 Stipulation of constraints (“corridors”) for growth of renewables (e.g. wind 2,500 MW/a)
 Decrease of feed-in tariff (e.g. wind minus 10-20 %)
 Obligatory direct marketing (starting stepwise in 2014) and
tender process to determine bonus (starting 2017)
 EEG apportionment for self-generation (selfproducers)
 Maintain of exemptions for energy-intensive industry
Challenges of a cost-efficient energy turnaround
Energy sector in general:
 Grid expansion (transport and distribution grid)
 Integration of capacity markets (payment for standby operation of power plants)
Tariffs of power generation at 35 % renewables
EEG 2.0 for new renewables
Supply security by
capacity markets
 Revitalisation of carbon dioxide trading system
(backloading, reduction of certificates)
 Storage (e.g. long-term storage with hydrogen)
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Conclusion
„This is for sure in Germany: the principles of the ‚Energiewende‘ focus still on the
five above-mentioned objectives. But, there is a need for significant efforts with
regard to the pace of renewables growth, steering mechanisms of this
growth, integration of the conventional power plants and power grid
expansion in the upcoming years in order to make the ‚Energiewende‘ the
success we deem necessary and possible.“
Sigmar Gabriel, Minister of Economy
Berlin, February 10, 2014
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Agenda

Germany’s new Energy Policy

Energy Turnaround and Need for Hydrogen

Activities on Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in NRW
10
February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Increase of Renewables
2010
Power Generation
Other
16%
2%
2050
10%
18%
9%
Solar
6%
Wind
76%
Fossil
Power Load
63%
 80 % fossil based power generation
 80 % power generation by renewables
 Power generation “on demand”
 Power generation “by offer”
 Centralised structure
 De-centralised structure
 Storage for grid services (50 GWh)
 Storage demand 20 to 40 TWh
50 GWh
Quelle: BTU Cottbus
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Measures for Integration of Renewables
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February 26, 2014
Storage
Demand Side
Management
Flexible Power
Plants (CHP)
Grid expansion
Measure for
Integration of Renewables
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Challenge Renewables
Power Grid
Power Plants
Power Supply System
Demand
Solar, Wind,
Biomass
(Decentralised)
CHP
Natural
Gas Grid
Demand Side
Management
Storage
Transport
Battery
Electrolysis/
Hydrogen
Energy Use: Re-electrification, UPS, special vehicles
Material Use: Chemical Industry, Refineries etc.
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February 26, 2014
Sources: LBST, CFCL, RWE, Total, Vaillant
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Challenge Renewables
(Decentralised)
CHP
Natural
Gas Grid
Power Supply System
Transport
Energy Use: Re-electrification, UPS, special vehicles
Material Use: Chemical Industry, Refineries etc.
Sources: LBST, CFCL, RWE, Total, Vaillant
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Agenda

Germany’s new Energy Policy

Energy Turnaround and Need for Hydrogen

Activities on Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in NRW
15
February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Introduction to NRW – Key Data
Overview
 Area
 Population
34,000 km²
18 million
 GDP
541 billion €
(#1 in Germany, #17 worldwide)
 150 million consumers within a 500kilometer radius
Energy Sector
 Provides Germany´s coal by domestic
mining
Power Generation in NRW
[100% = 180 TWh]
44%
29%
14%
5%
8%
Hard Coal
Gas
Others
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February 26, 2014
Lignite Coal
Renewable
 33 % of German power generation and
German CO2 emissions
 40 % of German power consumption
 1.1 million employees in engineering,
power generation, mining industry and
energy intensive industry
 „The Energy Region No. 1” in Europe
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Climate policy ambitions in NRW

„Climate Protection Act NRW“

Reduction of greenhouse gases in NRW by 25 % until 2020 and by 80 % until 2050

Definition of measures, pathways and intermediate objectives in a „Climate Protection Plan“ as
dialogue process with economy and public
Pillars of the climate protection policy in NRW
Climate Protection Act
Climate Protection Plan
Climate Protection Start Program

17
Strategy for energy and transport: concentrated efforts for

More renewable energies (15 % wind by 2020)

More energy efficiency (25 % CHP by 2020, funding program of 250 m€)

250,000 electric vehicles on NRW‘s roads (model region electric mobility)
February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Fuel & Propulsion Strategy NRW
Integrated
Fuel and Propulsion
Strategy for NRW
Electric Mobility
Clean Fuels
Advanced ICE
BEV
FCEV
(Battery & Hybrids)
(Fuel Cells & Hydrogen)
Energy savings, efficiency, renewables
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Network NRW
 Non-profit organization, working on behalf of
the NRW State Government, founded in 2000
 Regional technology platform to develop and
commercialise fuel cell and hydrogen
 Implementation of NRW’s Fuel Cell and
Hydrogen Strategy (“NRW Hydrogen HyWay”)
 More than 400 members, ~ 110 FC and H2
projects with 115 million € NRW funding and
190 million € expenditures initiated
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Network NRW
Activities of the network (1):
Coordinating NRW funding program “NRW Hydrogen HyWay”
 Hydrogen from renewables, by-product hydrogen
 Hydrogen filling stations
 Vehicle development and deployment
 Stationary applications
 R&D and special market applications
NRW funding budget: 30 million € for 2014 - 2016
Project examples:
H2 filling station
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February 26, 2014
NRW-Dutch fuel cell bus
Micro CHP with fuel cells
UPS with fuel cells
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Network NRW
Activities of the network (2):
 Support of settlement/cooperation of companies, e.g.:
 Dynetek Europe
(Canada)
 Hydrogenics
(Canada)
 Ceramic Fuel Cells
(Australia)
 Ballard
(Canada)
 JX Eneos
(Japan)
 International cooperation, e.g.:
 Bilateral contacts with Japan, Korea, USA, Canada, Europe
 European Regions Partnership on Hydrogen, Fuel Cells and
Electro Mobility, HyER (chaired by Dr. Andreas Ziolek, NRW)
 International Partnership for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in the
Economy, IPHE (chaired by Japan)
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Hydrogen in NRW
Existing H2 pipeline
Length: 240 km
Pressure: 20 bar
In operation since 1930‘s
Operator: Air Liquide
Hydrogen sources

By-product (existing):
Use of significant sources of industrial byproduct hydrogen mainly from large-scale
electrolysis in NRW (capacity 35,000 t/a)

Renewables:
Hydrogen as storage for surplus wind
energy by using electrolysers, potential:
some TWh of energy
(1 TWhel ~ 20,000 t H2 = 170,000 FCEV)

Digester gas:
Hydrogen production at water treatment
plants (e.g. by reforming digester gas,
theoret. cap. 45,000 t/a)
Nucleus for infrastructure set-up
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Projects – H2 from Surplus Power
Example: Windpower electrolysis in H2 Application Center Herten
Location: Herten
Budget:
3 million € / funding 2.7 m €
Duration: since 2009
Partners: AHG Herten,
Westfälische Hochschule,
Evonik, Hydrogenics,
Linde, Gustav Klein, SAFT,
VAKO
Status:
Operation started in 2013
Next Steps:
Gaining of experiences,
optimisation of system,
adding of components
Starting of operation with Minister
Johannes Remmel, May 29, 2013
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February 26, 2014
Quellen: h2-netzwerk-ruhr
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Projects – FC bus: Phileas FC Drive
Chassis:
APTS Phileas
Drive:
Hybrid-concept
(FC-Battery-SuperCap)
Power:
240 kW
FC-Power:
150 kW (Ballard)
Max. Speed:
80 km/h
Range:
~ 250 km
Capacity:
90 Persons
Consumption: ~ 17 kg H2 / 100 km
(@ 51 L Diesel)
NL:
(VDL, APTS, GVB)
NRW: (Vossloh, Hoppecke, FH Köln, Dynetek)
4 units in operation since 2011 in
Amsterdam (NL) and Cologne (NRW)
Cologne: + 2 Van Hool buses from April 2014
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
H2 as Fuel / FC Electric Vehicles in NRW
NRW Activities:
CEP project Düsseldorf
(8 FCEV: 60,000 km, >1 t H2)
Midi bus project Ruhr area
(2 FC buses: 70,000 km,
2.5 t H2)
Bus project Cologne
(2 FC buses:
65,000 km, 10 t H2)
Quellen: Air Liquide, HyCologne, RVK, Opel, Vestische
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Distributed CHP with Fuel Cells
NRW Activities:
 Motivation:
 CHP with fuel cells supports stabilisation of power grid (VPP)
 CHP with fuel cells has started market introduction
 R&D and field tests still necessary
 NRW offers support for CHP in general (not only fuel cells):
 R&D projects (incl. demonstration and field tests)
 CHP market introduction programme
max. funding 13,000 € per 1.5 kWel fuel cell unit (1.8 m Yen)
 Workshops to inform additional users
of micro CHP, e.g. utilities and industry
 Participation in projects Callux and ene.field
Quellen: CFCL, Vaillant, Trianel
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Excurs: The National Innovation Programme
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology (NIP)
Politics
Industry
formerly BMVBS, BMWi, BMBF, BMU
€ 500 million
+
for demonstration
€ 200 million
for R&D
+
€ 700 million
Co-payment from industry
€ 1,4 billion (2007-2016)
•
•
Preparing hydrogen & fuel cell
markets
Focus on R&D combined with
everyday demonstration
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February 26, 2014
•
Hydrogen & fuel cells driven by
applications and markets: transport,
stationary energy supply, special
markets
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Summary
 Hydrogen and fuel cells are important for NRW: Hydrogen to store renewables and to
use it as a fuel in the transport sector, fuel cells as a high efficient energy converter in
vehicles and for stationary applications
 Mitigation of climate change, reduction of energy consumption and imports as well
as support of economic development
 NRW shows outstanding environment for hydrogen and fuel cell technology
 High potential for applications
 R&D institutes with international reputation
 World class manufacturers and suppliers
 Business opportunities for operators and skilled trades
 Available funding: R&D, demonstration, market introduction, settlement of companies
 NRW support – complementing the national and European funding – will help to cut costs
and to bring the hydrogen and fuel cells into the market
 International information exchange, coordination and cooperation essential
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW
Thank you for your kind attention!
Visit us at FC Expo, German Pavillon
(West Hall 4 at Booth No. W24-85):
-
Gebr. Becker GmbH/ Becker Air Techno Co., Ltd.
GSR Ventiltechnik GmbH & Co. KG
Hofer Kompressoren
Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Network NRW
Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Network NRW
EnergyAgency.NRW
Thomas Kattenstein
Rossstraße 92
40476 Dusseldorf, Germany
Phone:
+49 / 211 / 86642-15
Website:
www.fuelcell-nrw.de
E-Mail:
[email protected]
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February 26, 2014
T. Kattenstein, FCHN NRW

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