25 years after the fall of the Wall Berlin – A success story Facts. Figures. Statistics. Berlin – A success story – Foreword Dear readers, Since the fall of the Wall in 1989, Berlin has become a dynamic, tolerant, culturally diverse metropolis. Things are looking up for the economy, and the city’s open-minded atmosphere draws talented people from all over the world. Contents Foreword3 Foreword by the Governing Mayor of Berlin, Klaus Wowereit A growing city 4 – 13 Population growth · Jobs · Economic growth · W ages and salaries · Birth rate · Housing construction · Non-German residents A dynamic city 14 – 21 New businesses · Self-employment · IT start-ups · Digital economy · Tourism · Exports · Film A responsible city 22 – 27 Debt position · Unemployment rate · Spending and revenue · Research and development · Foundations A city of learning and research 28 – 35 Teachers · Early childhood education · Spending for education · All-day schools · High school graduates with an immigrant background · Students · External funding · Women professors A livable city 36 – 43 Green Berlin · CO2 reduction · Transportation · Young people · Purchasing power · Crime · Sports · Museum visitors These are good, successful years for Berlin: the city’s economic upswing is generating jobs, higher wages, and, as a result, better living conditions overall. The foundation of this development is the steady growth of the economy, which has been more dynamic here than in other regions for years now. In addition, more new businesses are started here than in any other German state. And Berlin itself is growing: more and more people are moving to our city. That gives Berlin new strength, but it also creates new challenges. The city’s positive development is not a given. We owe it to the many people who are contributing to Berlin’s rise – people who are shaping the city, moving it forward, and ensuring that Berlin stays on track for success. At the same time, the economic upswing needs to benefit all Berliners, and that also calls for policymaking that sets the right course. Excellent education for all, an outstanding location for academics, science, and research, high-quality child care, affordable housing, a unique range of cultural offerings, creative development potential, and a sense of community and solidarity – all of that goes hand in hand in Berlin. We want to preserve what we have and build on it, too, so that even more people can look forward to a brighter future. The statistics and comparative figures in this brochure give you some examples of Berlin’s success story over the past decade. Happy reading! Yours, Klaus Wowereit Governing Mayor of Berlin 3 4 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city 25 years after the fall of the Wall … that Berlin’s population is still growing? Population of Berlin, 1991–2013 (Reference date: December 31 of each year) 3.50 million 3.45 million 3.40 million 3.35 million Net population growth based on older census data 13 12 20 20 11 20 10 20 09 20 08 20 07 20 06 20 05 20 04 20 03 20 02 20 01 20 00 20 99 19 98 19 97 19 96 19 95 19 94 19 93 19 92 19 19 91 3.30 million Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office (2013: estimate) Net population growth based on the 2011 census 25 years after the fall of the Wall … that the growth is due mostly to new arrivals, but that the number of births – in contrast to the German trend – also outweighs the number of deaths? Population growth in Berlin, 1991–2013 (in absolute numbers) 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 –10,000 –20,000 Net migration Natural population growth Total population growth Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office (2013: estimate) 13 20 12 20 11 20 10 20 09 20 08 20 07 20 06 20 05 20 04 20 03 20 02 20 01 20 00 20 99 19 98 19 97 19 96 19 95 19 94 19 93 19 92 19 19 91 –30,000 5 6 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city 25 years after the fall of the Wall … that thousands of jobs are again being created in Berlin each year? Change in the number of jobs with full social security coverage in Berlin, 1993–2013 (in absolute numbers compared to the previous year; reference date: June 30 of each year) 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 –10,000 –20,000 –30,000 –40,000 –50,000 13 12 20 20 11 20 10 20 09 20 08 20 07 20 06 20 05 20 04 20 03 20 02 20 01 20 00 20 99 19 98 19 97 19 96 19 95 19 94 19 19 93 –60,000 Source: Federal Employment Agency 25 years after the fall of the Wall … that Berlin’s economy is now experiencing above-average growth? Change in GDP in Berlin and Germany, 1992–2013 (compared to the previous year in percent) 4 % 3 % 2 % 1 % –1 % –2 % –3 % –4 % Berlin Germany Source: Regional Accounts (VGRdL) 13 20 12 20 11 20 10 20 09 20 08 20 07 20 06 20 05 20 04 20 03 20 02 20 01 20 00 20 99 19 98 19 97 19 96 19 95 19 94 19 93 19 19 92 –5 % 7 8 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city 9 … that gross wages are rising faster in Berlin than elsewhere? … that Berlin is a metropolis with a high birthrate? Rising wages and salaries are another indicator of Berlin’s economic upswing. Berlin is a family-friendly city with a birthrate above the German average. Increase in gross wages and salaries in Germany from 2005 to 2013 (by federal state in percent) Natural population growth (balance of births and deaths) per 1,000 inhabitants in 2011 by federal state 0 % 5 % 10 % 15 % 20 % 25 % 30 % –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 Bavaria 30.4 % Berlin 0.5 Berlin 30.2 % Hamburg 0.0 Lower Saxony 27.9 % Hamburg 28.9 % Germany – 0.8 25.5 % – 2.3 1 2 Baden-Württemberg – 1.5 Bavaria – 1.5 Hesse Germany Saxony 25.1 % Baden- Württemberg 25.0 % Hesse 24.7 % – 3.1 Bremen RhinelandPalatinate 24.5 % – 3.1 Lower Saxony Bremen 24.2 % – 3.1 Rhineland-Palatinate North RhineWestphalia 23.0 % Thuringia 22.7 % SchleswigHolstein 21.3 % Saxony-Anhalt 21.1 % Saarland Source: Regional Accounts (VGRdL) – 3.4 23.7 % Brandenburg Mecklenburg- Western Pomerania – 2.6 – 3.6 – 3.8 – 3.9 – 4.3 – 5.2 18.0 % 16.0 % – 5.8 North Rhine-Westphalia Schleswig-Holstein Mecklenburg- Western Pomerania Brandenburg Saxony Thuringia Saarland Saxony-Anhalt Source: Statistics Offices of the Federal and State Governments 3 10 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city … that more and more apartments are being built in Berlin? … that there’s been a new surge in the number of construction permits issued in Berlin? A total of 6,641 apartments were built in Berlin in 2013, which was 22.6 % more than in 2012. Most of these were in the Pankow, Mitte, and Lichtenberg boroughs. The Berlin Senate has also increased the number of state-owned apartments by almost 20,000 in recent years. Berlin is growing, which means that it needs more housing. In 2013, construction permits were issued for more than 12,000 apartments (a total of 12,518) for the first time since 1999. Apartments completed in Berlin Construction permit trends since 1999 6,641 12,518 6,000 10,849 5,417 5,000 4,321 4,000 3,718 3,536 3,833 4,491 3,815 7,358 3,126 3,000 4,889 2,000 5,603 4,511 3,134 3,224 2003 2005 1,000 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 1999 2001 Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office 2007 2009 2011 2013 11 12 A growing city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A growing city … that people from more than 180 different countries live in Berlin? … that thousands of people in Berlin become German citizens each year? Berlin is diverse, with people from almost every country in the world living here. Almost three-fourths of them are Europeans. 14.1 % of Berlin’s population does not have German citizenship. The number of naturalizations is an indicator of successful integration. By becoming German citizens, people gain the full range of citizenship rights and privileges, including the right to vote and eligibility for political office. Foreign nationals in Berlin in 2013 by continent and selected nationalities Naturalizations in Berlin, 2009–2013 7,000 6,000 6,959 6,309 5,000 6,398 6,674 2012 2013 5,537 4,000 Europe 395,467 Asia 76,814 America 30,388 3,000 2,000 1,000 Africa 21,465 Undeclared/ stateless 11,462 Australia and Oceania 3,133 2009 2010 2011 Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office … that Berlin’s public service sector is becoming more international, too? At 20.5 % in 2013, more than one out of five trainees in Berlin’s public service sector and state-owned companies now has an immigrant background. Europe: European Union Poland 51,084 Italy 22,693 France 16,806 Elsewhere in Europe: Turkey 99,558 Serbia 19,137 Russian Federation 18,982 Percentage of trainees with an immigrant background in Berlin’s public service sector (in percent) 20 % 17.5 % 15 % 20.5 % 10 % 5 % 8.7 % 0 % 2006 Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office 18.4 % 2011 2012 Source: Senate Department for Labour, Integration and Women’s Issues 2013 13 14 A dynamic city: Did you know … … that Berlin is extremely attractive to new companies and companies looking for new locations? … that Berlin has Germany’s highest percentage of self-employed people? The number of jobs created by companies new to Berlin remains high. In 2013, new companies created 5,506 new jobs in Berlin. Growth in the number of jobs with full social security coverage from 2004 to 2013 4,750 5,245 5,313 4,540 2006 2007 2008 2009 0 % 3 % 6 % 9 % 12 % 13.6 % Berlin 2,020 2005 The self-employed share of total employment (in percent) in 2013 5,506 3,326 2004 Berlin has many different specialists available to help people thinking about self-employment. Services range from a hotline for potential start-ups to “one-stop agencies” and the business consulting services of the individual Borough Offices. 6,938 5,909 1,549 Berlin – A success story – A dynamic city 2010 2011 2012 2013 12.6 % Brandenburg SchleswigHolstein Source: Berlin Partner New businesses started in 2013 (per 10,000 residents) 30 60 90 Hamburg Hesse Bremen Bavaria Schleswig-Holstein Germany Rhineland-Palatinate North Rhine-Westphalia Baden-Württemberg Lower Saxony Saxony Saarland Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Brandenburg Thuringia Saxony-Anhalt 46 84 81 78 76 75 75 70 65 62 60 58 57 52 Source: Senate Department for Economics, Technology and Research 96 120 111 11.5 % Saxony Relatively speaking, more new businesses are started in Berlin than in any other German state. The capital city offers ideal conditions for start-ups, outdoing Hamburg, Hesse, and Bremen. 0 11.8 % Bavaria … that Berlin is Germany’s start-up capital? Berlin 12.2 % 121 11.1 % Thuringia North RhineWestphalia 10.8 % Hamburg 10.7 % Germany 10.7 % Hesse 10.6 % 10.4 % Lower Saxony Mecklenburg- Western Pomerania 10.2 % BadenWürttemberg 10.1 % North RhineWestphalia 9.7 % Saxony-Anhalt 9.2 % Bremen 8.5 % Saarland 8.4 % Source: Senate Department for Economics, Technology and Research 15 16 A dynamic city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A dynamic city … that Berlin leads the country in IT start-ups? Berlin is a key location for information and communications technologies. Our assets include highly skilled workers, networking opportunities, and synergies with the creative sector and Berlin’s universities. That explains the remarkable number of Internet-related young companies in Berlin and their growing financial clout. Venture capital invested in IT and Internet start-ups (in millions of euros) by state … that Berlin has Germany’s largest digital economy workforce? In 2012, Berlin had 12,292 more people working in the core sector of the digital economy than in 2008. Change (in percent) in the number of employees in the core sector of the digital economy from 2008 to 2012 0 % 2013 10 % 20 % 30 % 40 % 2012 Berlin 123.4 Bavaria 34.2 13.3 15.0 Hamburg North RhineWestphalia Brandenburg 9.4 2.8 8.6 Lower Saxony 3.0 1.4 Hesse 2.9 1.3 Thuringia 2.3 1.8 Saxony 2.2 48.7 % Frankfurt a. M. 44.1 % Munich 43.8 % 9.4 23.7 Dresden 37.1 % Düsseldorf 34.7 % Cologne 33.5 % 1.4 2.4 SchleswigHolstein 1.1 0.8 Rhineland- Palatinate 0.4 1.0 Mecklenburg- 0.0 Western Pomerania 0.4 Saarland 0.0 0.3 Bremen 0.0 0.0 Source: BITKOM Berlin 45.7 12.1 12.5 Baden- Württemberg Saxony-Anhalt 136.2 Hamburg Dortmund – 0.3 % 25.2 % 1.7 % Stuttgart Source: Federal Employment Agency, Investitionsbank Berlin (IBB) 17 18 A dynamic city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A dynamic city 25 years after the fall of the Wall … that Berlin attracts more tourists every year? 19 Number of overnight stays and visitors to Berlin from Germany and abroad, 1992–2013 25 million 20 million 15 million 10 million 5 million Visitors from Germany Visitors from abroad 13 12 20 20 11 20 10 20 09 20 08 20 07 20 06 20 05 20 04 20 03 20 02 20 01 20 00 20 99 19 98 19 97 19 96 19 95 19 94 19 93 19 19 92 0 million Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office Overnight stays 25 years after the fall of the Wall … that products “made in Berlin” are back in demand all over the world? Export turnover in euros and export share of manufacturing in Berlin, 1991–2013 € 12.5 billion 50 % € 10.0 billion 40 % € 7.5 billion 30 % € 5.0 billion 20 % € 2.5 billion 10 % Export share of manufacturing in percent Export turnover for manufacturing in euros Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office, in-house calculations 13 20 12 20 11 20 10 20 09 20 08 20 07 20 06 20 05 20 04 20 03 20 02 20 01 20 00 20 99 19 98 19 1 97 6 99 19 95 19 94 19 93 19 19 19 92 0 % 91 € 0 billion 20 A dynamic city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A dynamic city … that Berlin exports its products to almost every corner of the world? … that Berlin is Germany’s number one film location? Products from Berlin are popular and in demand worldwide. Berlin’s largest export markets include the United States, Russia, and France, as well as countries like Saudi Arabia and China. Filmmakers from Germany and abroad love Berlin-Brandenburg and are making the capital region the country’s most popular shooting location for German and international films. Award-winning films like “Oh, Boy!,” “Amour,” and “Fack ju Göhte” and superstars from George Clooney to Cate Blanchett to Wes Anderson lend the city glitter and glamour. The run on Germany’s film capital is unabated. Exports from Berlin in 2012 by major trading partners in millions of euros 0 300 USA Russia France Saudi Arabia China Poland United Kingdom Czech Republic Switzerland Netherlands Italy Austria Japan Spain 600 530 522 519 453 443 430 379 333 900 1,200 1,434 813 772 698 658 635 Shooting days in the region, 2005–2013 2,573 2,500 2,298 2,000 Source: Federal Statistics Office 1,753 … that machinery is Berlin’s leading export? In 2012 Berlin exported goods with a total value of around € 13.59 billion. The year before that it was € 12.99 billion. The list below shows the product categories exported most often. Berlin’s exports in 2012 in selected product categories in millions of euros 0 1,000 Machinery Electrical equipment Data processing equipment 1,786 Pharmaceuticals and similar products 2,000 2,331 1,000 1,347 Other products 1,114 Other vehicles 1,069 Food and animal feed 752 995 Tobacco products 916 Automobiles and auto parts Source: Federal Statistics Office 1,367 1,492 * Chemical products 1,500 714 409 * Electrical and optical products 500 2005 2010 Source: Medienboard Berlin-Brandenburg 2011 2012 2013 21 22 A responsible city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A responsible city 25 years after the fall of the Wall … that Berlin has stopped taking on new loans and is even managing to pay down its debt? Berlin’s debt position (in euros), 1991–2013 (not including extra budgets) € 70 billion € 60 billion € 50 billion € 40 billion € 30 billion € 20 billion 13 12 20 20 11 20 20 10 09 20 08 20 20 07 06 20 05 20 04 20 03 20 02 20 01 20 00 20 99 19 98 19 97 19 19 96 95 19 94 19 93 19 92 19 19 91 € 10 billion Source: ZDL (Central data office of the state finance ministries): Debt position of Germany’s states (the years before 2010 calculated on the basis of a new classification scheme); Senate Department for Finance 25 years after the fall of the Wall … that unemployment in Berlin has steadily declined for a decade now? Unemployment rate in Berlin, 1994–2013 (as a percentage of the non-military workforce; annual average) 20 % 19.0 18.1 15.6 16.1 15.9 15.8 16.1 16.9 17.5 17.7 15.5 15 % 14.0 12.1 12.4 13.6 13.8 13.8 13.3 12.3 11.7 Source: Federal Employment Agency 13 20 12 20 11 20 10 20 09 20 08 20 07 20 06 20 05 20 04 20 03 20 02 20 01 20 00 20 99 19 98 19 97 19 96 19 95 19 19 94 10 % 23 A responsible city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A responsible city … that Berlin has a balanced budget? Berlin has a structurally balanced budget, which means that in normal economic times, the budget is funded without new debt. A limit on public borrowing has been incorporated into the Basic Law, Germany’s constitution, mandating that this financial policy goal be realized by 2020 at the latest. Berlin has met this requirement since 2012. Adjusted expenditures and adjusted revenues in euros (up to and including 2013: actual figures; 2014 + 2015: according to budget) 22.75 € 23 billion 21.67 21.07 20.68 20.54 20.47 20.52 € 20 billion 21.89 21.04 20.80 € 21 billion 22.91 21.91 21.84 € 22 billion 23.29 23.07 22.57 22.57 22.99 20.86 22.27 20.79 20.71 20.26 19.60 € 19 billion 18.72 on om ic cr isi s € 18 billion Ec 24 € 17 billion 17.34 17.57 17.31 2004 2005 € 16 billion 2001 16.20 16.26 2002 2003 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Total revenues (adjusted revenues) Financing deficit Total expenditures (adjusted expenditures) Financing surplus (= debt repayment) Source: Senate Department for Finance 2012 2013 2014 2015 25 26 A responsible city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A responsible city … that Berlin invests a lot of money in research and development? … that the number of foundations in Berlin is growing? Research here is concentrated on biotechnology, medical technology, optics, information and communications technology/media/creative industries, transportation engineering, energy, and the environment. At 3.56 % of GDP, Berlin ranks second in Germany in spending on this area. The number of foundations in Berlin continues to rise, having doubled in the last ten years. The Senate introduced simplified and accelerated procedures to help foundations get started. Spending on research and development (in percent of GDP) compared to other federal states, 2011 0 % 1 % 2 % 3 % BadenWürttemberg 4 % 792 5 % 760 725 700 3.56 % 3.16 % Bavaria 600 3.02 % Hesse Saxony 2.92 % Germany 2.91 % Lower Saxony 2.88 % 2.79 % Bremen Hamburg 2.24 % Thuringia 2.23 % MecklenburgWestern Pomerania 2.09 % RhinelandPalatinate 2.07 % North RhineWestphalia 2.02 % 500 499 400 389 300 200 1.69 % Saxony-Anhalt 1.49 % Saarland 1.49 % SchleswigHolstein 822 800 5.08 % Berlin Brandenburg Number of foundations in Berlin (in absolute numbers) 1.43 % 100 0 2001 Source: Federal Statistics Office 2005 2010 2011 Source: Senate Department for Justice and Consumer Protection 2012 2013 27 28 A city of learning and research: Did you know … … that Berlin is hiring more and more teachers? The number of school-age children in Berlin rose in 2013 for the first time since 1997, with 3,800 more children in state-funded schools alone. Berlin is hiring to meet this need: in 2012 and 2013, the city hired around 2,700 additional teachers, and in 2014 it will be another 2,000. Teachers hired for Berlin schools, 2003–2013 (figure for 2013 based on preliminary data) 0 500 1,000 2013 Berlin – A success story – A city of learning and research … that education in Berlin starts well before the first day of school? Berlin’s nursery schools are educational facilities where children learn together in a relaxed and playful setting. 43.7 % of the children in Berlin under age three are enrolled in a nursery school, which not only promotes their own development, but makes Berlin a city in which work-family balance is part of everyday life. Percentage of children under age three enrolled in a nursery school 1,500 43.7 % 38.4 % 1,600 31.4 % 31.1 % 23.2 % 13.0 % 2012 1,119 Berlin Hamburg Stuttgart Source: Federal Statistics Office 2011 Frankfurt a. M. Bremen Duisburg 1,600 1,100 2010 2009 447 715 2008 479 2007 … how many new nursery school places are being added in Berlin? Berlin prioritizes early childhood education and learning. In 2011, the Senate made nursery schools in Berlin free for the last three years before a child starts school, and more and more parents are taking advantage of this opportunity. Places in nursery schools and day care 621 2006 Total: 111,122 115,929 119,762 123,272 127,683 132,678 138,591 76,421 82,077 85,326 88,280 72,310 79,518 94,701 77,874 35,069 34,701 38,055 40,244 41,195 42,357 44,398 43,890 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 107,379 2005 2004 2003 572 251 109 Birth to age 2 Source: Senate Department for Education, Youth and Science Age 3 to age 5 Source: Senate Department for Education, Youth and Science 29 30 A city of learning and research: Did you know … … that Berlin invests a lot of money in education? A comparison of Germany’s states shows that Berlin is concentrating resources on good schools and thereby investing in the city’s future. We believe that despite budgetary rigor, it’s possible to set clear political priorities. Spending on education per capita (in euros) € 0 € 500 Berlin – A success story – A city of learning and research € 1,000 € 1,500 … that one in two children in Berlin attends an all-day school? Berlin is continuing to expand all-day instruction and supervision for children. Of the approximately 146,400 children enrolled in school in 2012/2013, more than half (53.1 %) attended an all-day school. That puts Berlin well above the German average of 32.3 %. By way of comparison, only 21 % of Berlin’s school-age children were enrolled in all-day schools ten years ago. Hamburg € 1,528 Percentage of children enrolled in all-day schools Berlin € 1,514 55 % € 1,512 Hesse Bremen € 1,377 North RhineWestphalia € 1,375 Rhineland- Palatinate € 1,357 Bavaria € 1,346 € 1,249 Thuringia € 1,271 Saxony-Anhalt € 1,264 Mecklenburg- Western Pomerania € 1,250 43.5 38.5 35 % 25 % 23.6 € 1,143 SchleswigHolstein € 1,081 Brandenburg € 1,081 Source: Federal Statistics Office 45 % € 1,319 Saxony Saarland 48.0 € 1,288 BadenWürttemberg Lower Saxony 53.1 21.9 15 % 2002 2004 Source: Bertelsmann Stiftung 2006 2008 2010 2012 31 32 A city of learning and research: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A city of learning and research … that more and more high school students with an immigrant background are taking the university entrance exam in Berlin? More and more young Berliners with an immigrant background are earning higher school-leaving qualifications, which entitles them to attend college. The number of these students has risen significantly since 2007. Number of students with a non-German-speaking background who have qualified to attend college (in percent) … that Berlin is Germany’s most popular university city? Berlin educates many more college students than those who are actually from Berlin. Students from all over Germany come to Berlin to attend its colleges and universities. A total of 165,923 students were enrolled in Berlin’s 42 institutions of higher education in the 2013/2014 winter semester. Net migration of students by state in the 2012/2013 winter semester –50,000 –40,000 –30,000 –20,000 –10,000 35 % 34.0 0 10,000 Berlin 29,071 Hamburg 28,443 North Rhine-Westphalia 26,401 Saxony 30 % Bremen 25.7 13,487 9,863 Hesse 4,278 Rhineland-Palatinate 4,265 Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 25 % – 463 23.6 – 2,560 23.2 20,000 – 6,051 580 Saxony-Anhalt Thuringia Saarland 21.5 – 7,858 20 % 18.0 – 13,807 Schleswig-Holstein – 14,081 Brandenburg – 20,810 15 % 2007 2008 2009 2010 Source: Senate Department for Education, Youth and Science 2011 2012 – 50,758 Source: Federal Statistics Office Bavaria Baden-Württemberg Lower Saxony 33 34 A city of learning and research: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A city of learning and research … that Berlin’s universities have been very successful at attracting external funding? … that Berlin has the country’s highest share of women professors? In a comparison of Germany’s states, Berlin’s universities rank second in attracting external funding.1 The amount of external funding awarded is an indicator of faculty’s ability to acquire research funding and of the quality of the research being done. Berlin has a higher percentage of women faculty than any other German state. And Berlin also outnumbers most of Germany’s other states with its total of 3,125 professors overall (both men and women). Women are especially well represented in entrance-level professorships (56.9 %) and professorships in the next highest category (36.6 %). External funding per university professor in 2011: All of each state’s universities (including colleges of administration) € 0 € 50,000 € 100,000 € 150,000 Saxony € 204,090 Bremen € 193,790 € 184,480 Saarland Baden- Württemberg € 171,920 € 166,960 Lower Saxony Bavaria € 162,290 Germany € 159,270 North RhineWestphalia € 156,550 € 148,070 Hamburg SchleswigHolstein 5 % 10 % 15 % Bremen 24.4 % Lower Saxony 24.3 % Hamburg 24.2 % 22.6 % Brandenburg 21.9 % Hesse North RhineWestphalia 20.7 % RhinelandPalatinate 19.4 % Saarland 19.2 % Sachsen-Anhalt 18.4 % Saxony 18.3 % Thuringia € 134,150 Baden- Württemberg 18.1 % Brandenburg € 133,550 SachsenAnhalt RhinelandPalatinate € 110,160 € 95,080 Bavaria 16.7 % Thuringia 16.4 % Mecklenburg- Western Pomerania 16.1 % SchleswigHolstein 15.8 % External funding comes from sources other than the university’s regular budget. Source: Federal Statistics Office Source: Federal Statistics Office 25 % 30.3 % € 135,670 € 114,140 20 % Berlin Hesse Mecklenburg- Western Pomerania 1 € 139,770 0 % € 200,000 € 210,190 Berlin Percentage of women professors in 2012 35 A livable city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A livable city … that Berlin is a city in close touch with nature? … that Berlin is a leader in CO2 reduction? Berlin is Germany’s greenest major city. Recreation areas, forests, rivers, lakes, and canals make up more than 30 % of its territory. Neukölln has more green spaces than any other borough, with just under 20 % of its area devoted to parks and meadows for sports and relaxation. Thanks to Berlin’s air pollution control program, we are seeing constant improvement in our air quality. With per capita CO2 emissions of 5.9 tons, Berlin is an environmentally friendly city. We have managed to reduce our emissions by 32.6 % since 1990. City area according to use as of December 31, 2013 12.0 % CO2 emissions from end-use energy consumption in Berlin (Reference: 1990 = 100) 100 6.7 % 4.4 % 1.6 % 14.9 % 0.6 % 92.5 90 87.2 85 18.3 % 41.5 % 80 76.2 74.7 70.8 ecreation R 12.0 % Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office 68 Agriculture 4.4 % 68.8 67.4 Other uses 1.6 % Industry 0.6 % 60 97 19 98 19 99 20 00 20 01 20 02 20 03 20 04 20 05 20 06 20 07 20 08 20 09 20 10 20 11 ransportation T 14.9 % 69.1 96 oodland W 18.3 % Lakes and waterways 6.7 % 19 uildings and B associated open space 41.5 % 70 19 36 Source: Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office, Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment 37 38 A livable city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A livable city … that cars play a much smaller role in Berlin than in other major German cities? … that Berlin has a very efficient public transportation system? Berlin is the city with the fewest cars per capita, thanks in part to the city’s dense public transportation network and its many bicycle paths and sidewalks. Berlin is also one of Germany’s “electric mobility showcases.” The number of electric vehicles in the city will only continue to grow in the coming years. 3.62 million passenger trips a day are taken on Berlin-Brandenburg’s public transportation system, which amounts to more than 1.3 billion trips a year. Here in Berlin, passengers have 15 suburban rail lines, 10 subway lines, 24 tram lines, 6 ferries, and 162 bus lines to choose from. Number of cars per 1,000 inhabitants as of January 1, 2014 Total route length in kilometers in 2013 0 km 600 5,000 km 10,000 km 15,000 km 20,000 km 25,000 km 565 Bus 27,687 km 500 486 457 428 400 424 Suburban rail 556 km Tram 504 km 342 300 200 100 Subway 146 km 0 Munich Hannover Magdeburg Source: Federal Motor Transport Authority Hamburg Potsdam Berlin Source: Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (VBB), BVG 39 40 A livable city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A livable city … that Berlin is one of the world’s most appealing cities for young people? … that you get more for your money in Berlin than in many other cities? The YouthfulCities 2014 Index analyzed 25 cities around the world to find out which of them offers young people the best living conditions. Berlin ranked second, ahead of New York, in this worldwide comparison and came out first among European cities – far ahead of Paris and London. Berlin looks good when it comes to the relationship between wages and prices. Although wages and salaries are, on average, lower than in other cities, prices are considerably lower, too. That means that the average Berliner can make his or her salary go further than people in many other major cities. Overall scores of the top ten cities in the YouthfulCities 2014 Index Purchasing power in comparison to average wages per employee in 2012 (Reference: Zurich = 100) 600 650 700 750 800 0 20 40 60 80 Zurich Toronto 843.85 New York 90.4 Berlin Berlin New York 831.98 73.2 Munich 69.7 Frankfurt a. M. 68.8 66.1 London 58.9 Paris 784.06 Dallas 74.2 Tokyo 836.44 100 100 Source: UBS AG Paris 775.25 Chicago 774.53 London 762.40 754.39 Los Angeles Tokyo 735.91 … that Berlin is an even safer city now? The total number of robberies in the city continues to decline. In addition, 1.5 % more robberies were solved in 2013. Total number of robberies 6,000 6,461 6,419 6,222 2008 2012 2013 4,000 2,000 Seoul Source: www.youthfulcities.com 723.59 0 Source: Police Crime Statistics (PKS), Berlin 41 42 A livable city: Did you know … Berlin – A success story – A livable city … that Berlin leads the country in sporting events? … that Berlin’s museums are drawing record numbers of visitors? In 2012, a total of 40,987 runners started the Berlin Marathon. Taking that into account, it’s not surprising that the capital ranks first in sporting events. Lots of fans are regulars at Hertha BSC football games, Alba Berlin basketball games, Füchse Berlin handball games, and Berliner Eisbären ice hockey games. In volleyball, water polo, and field hockey, too, Berlin’s First and Second Division teams are doing very well. Statistics underscore the popularity of Berlin’s museums. A total of 17,200,115 people visited Berlin’s museums, memorial sites, and exhibition venues in 2012, which means that the number of museum visits has more than doubled since 1994. In 2012, 375 exhibitions were shown in museums and memorial sites alone and another 242 in exhibition venues, for a total of 617. The most successful cities for sporting events (Points awarded in the HWWI ranking) 0 20 40 20 million 60 Berlin Museum visits in Berlin (in millions) 80 84.1 80.4 Cologne 17.20 15.79 15 million 14.97 78.6 Hamburg 13.34 53.5 Munich 10 million 48.2 Düsseldorf 5.72 9.12 46.6 Frankfurt a. M. 27.9 Stuttgart Gelsenkirchen 22.2 Bremen 21.9 5 million 0 million 1994 Source: Hamburg Institute of International Economics (HWWI) 2000 Source: Senate Chancellery – Cultural Affairs 2009 2010 2011 2012 43 Published by: Press and Information Office of the Federal State of Berlin © Summer 2014, new and expanded edition Berlin Town Hall Jüdenstraße 1 D-10178 Berlin [email protected] www.berlin.de Edited by: Press and Information Office of the Federal State of Berlin Photos: Senatskanzlei-dpa, Shutterstock Design: Atelier Hauer + Dörfler, Berlin This brochure is part of the public relations work of the federal state of Berlin. It is not intended for sale and may not be used by political parties for advertising purposes.
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