www.pegresol.com FACT SHEET PIPELINE FLOW ASSURANCE AND EFFICIENCY FloWell is an excellent choice for use in pipeline operations to assist in flow assurance, and removing wax buildup and other deposits that form during pipeline movement of oil products. Precipitated wax (paraffin) causes enormously expensive problems for pipeline operators, such as: Rust flaking off, causing debris to collect in the precipitation until interiors become rough Restricted flow due to a reduced inner diameter and increased wall roughness Increased viscosity Reduced capability of pumps Internal corrosion caused by moisture, paraffin, and mill scale Slow cold starts after shut-ins And more Due to paraffin wax deposition, at this very moment there are thousands of miles of pipelines blocked, all resulting in loss of revenue. All this rests on top of the increased risk of failures and catastrophic events caused by buildup. The wax remedies on the market are simply a “hit or miss” proposition that can cause corrosion and other problems, which have created a very negative reputation within the oil and gas industry. THE SOLUTION PIPELINE OPERATORS BEEN WAITING FOR! FloWell supercharges P & L statements by increasing pipeline flow rate, reducing maintenance costs, and ELIMINATING wax-related downtime. FloWell is a nonhazardous, environmentally friendly, synthetic aqueous surfactant solution that is formulated to return paraffin wax to solution phase, lower viscosity, and reduce pour point. Pipeline operators often receive gas, crude oil, and refinery vacuum gas oil (VGO) that are difficult to transport because of wax and their high pour points. The immediate cause of this transport difficulty is the tendency of oil and gas to solidify as the temperature drops. It is seldom, if ever, due to their tendency to deposit. Generally speaking, transport lines are regularly cleaned or pigged to remove deposits that have accumulated over time. Therefore, it is of more importance that they address the immediate problem of gelation. Pour points and viscosity behavior are considered of most immediate in importance for successful operations. Although the preventative application of FloWell can be performed to assist in cleaning and maintaining waxfree pipelines, it is PROVEN that using FloWell for “corrective” application for direct pipeline cleaning WORKS! FloWell works best when it is thoroughly dispersed within the oil and gas stream. If FloWell has been added at the wellhead in a preventative application, it will continue to do its job of cleaning pipelines of preexisting precipitate flocculation as it is carried downstream with the oil and gas flow. This, of course, is an ongoing process, but it does eliminate all need for pipeline cleaning with regard to precipitation over time. FloWell will not remove existing calcification deposits; however since flocculation of wax precipitation acts as a "net" to catch mineral deposits, FloWell's prevention of any wax precipitation DOES have the secondary effect of reducing mineral deposits. If the plan is to use FloWell solely for “corrective” application, then FloWell should be applied at the wellhead where it will be thoroughly dispersed in the oil stream, taking care of existing flocculation of wax precipitation. If, however, there is a preexisting mineral deposit problem compounding wax precipitation, then an initial pigging of the pipeline in preparation for oil treated with FloWell arriving from the wellhead may be required. Over a period of time, debris also collects or builds up in pipelines. This debris may be small fragments, slag and filings left over from construction and repair. It may also be particles that settle out of the oil or fuel during daily operations, or scales of rust caused by moisture. When rust flakes off and debris starts to collect, interiors becomes rough, and friction builds up, slowing the flow of oil or fuel. As the flow slows down, more debris settles out and the diameter, and interiors becomes even smaller. When less product passes through the pipelines, the capability of the pumps to push oil or fuel is reduced. If buildup of debris is allowed to continue, sand traps clog, oil or fuel becomes contaminated, and eventually blockage occurs. Pipelines can corrode on the inside as well as the outside. Internal corrosion is caused by the accumulation of moisture, paraffin and mill scale. Friction caused by the rapid movement of oil or fuel produces heat, which speeds up the corrosion process. This buildup and internal corrosion is often reduced by the use of line scrapers and corrosion inhibitors. FloWell is at least three to five times more efficient, on a volume basis, than any other known paraffin wax dispersant, inhibitor, or depressant on the market. RESUMING FLOW RATES AFTER SHUT-INS – COLD STARTS Remaining oil in a subsea or onshore pipelines can quickly reach pour point when exposed to cold temperatures. The recovery process to resume normal flow rates can take a long time to complete. Some pipeline cold starts can take weeks to resume normal flow after an unexpected shut-in occurs. It is PROVEN that the use of FloWell will raise the pour point and allow for the immediate pre-shut-in flow rates to resume. EFFECTS ON VISCOSITY Wax precipitation increases the viscosity of crude oil. Returning wax precipitation to liquid phase decreases that viscosity. By lowering the oil viscosity, there is an increase in the amount of flow. This improves above-ground handling and lowers costs due to less heating of oil. It is not recommended to reduce the viscosity of crude oil too much. All that is necessary is to mix enough FloWell to return wax to the liquid phase. This immediately provides secondary benefits in material flow. 2 OTHER ADDITIVES It is imperative that FloWell be allowed to activate in an oil stream BEFORE any other additive are used. In a FloWell application, NO OTHER ADDITIVES MAY BE REQUIRED as FloWell addresses corrosion, oil flow, asphaltenes, degassing, dewatering, and emulsification issues by secondary effect. FloWell is much more effective when applied exclusively and allowed to activate before any other additives, if required for any other purposes, are applied to an oil stream. STORAGE TANKS Flocculation of wax precipitation is always a major concern In the area of oil storage: this is where flocculation can grow in such a way as to create a massive loss of storage. Introducing FloWell to the recirculation system so that rapid return of precipitation to liquid phase can be accomplished is highly recommended. Thereafter FloWell will maintain wax in the liquid phase. This type of application or manual cleaning is intended to be a once-only necessity: The benefits of FloWell being applied in a "preventative" regime from upstream will be felt at the pipeline operators because new flow will already have been treated. Therefore pipelines and tanks will not need to be cleaned as regularly because the bulk created by flocculation will no longer be there. The benefits are obvious. An additional benefit is that this may have the effect of assisting with the separation of hydrocarbons from sand deposits holding these hydrocarbons due to precipitation. FloWell prevents and cures wax deposition, improves flow rate, and reduces cloud point in a non-obstructive manner. Flow does not need to stop, and in nearly all cases benefits are gained quickly. With continued use FloWell will keep pipelines pristine and clear FOREVER! FLOWELL IS SMART! Eliminates and prevents paraffin buildup Reduces viscosity improving all aspects of flow rate and volume Reduces pigging operations Creates less friction and less constriction in kinks and bends in pipelines Enhances effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors Reduces the scheduled number of scraping operations Lower number repairs due to buildup problems Effective in both land and sea pipeline operations Reduces the need for heating to prevent high wax crude oil and VGO’s from solidifying. FLOWELL IS SAFE! Non-flammable No flashpoint Non-hazardous Non-corrosive Non-toxic Non-carcinogenic Hazmat rating 0000 3 FLOWELL IS GREEN! Decreases toxic waste Contains no toxins, sulphates, acids, nitrates, butyl or phosphates Biodegradable. No harm will come to the environment if spilled Environmentally and politically friendly. Supports international and regulatory "green initiatives" FLOWELL IS PROFITABLE! Engineered to increase profits No subsidizing an industry that only provide temporary relief or worsens problems APPLICATION METHOD With pipelines, a prescribed method of treatment is required. PEGRESOL will assist you with further details on how to proceed in this area. Each pipeline’s data has to be studied in depth to identify the correct method of application and to identify any factors that may have an effect on the application of FloWell. This also allows for the identification of any effect FloWell will have on the efficacy of applied chemicals, treatments, or stimulators. PEGRESOL’s team of engineers will develop a FloWell application methodology to meet your specific needs in order to bring your flow rates and pipeline efficiency up to 100% and keep it there as long as FloWell is in use! RESULTS OF USING FLOWELL FloWell will effectively enhance the effectiveness of the corrosion inhibitors and reduces scheduled line scraping and cleaning operations over a given period of time. This results in a lower number of repairs as a result of buildup problems, and an increase of flow, while preventing the accumulation of additional and potentially harmful deposits in the future. ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE AND FRIENDLY All operations in the industry are extremely hazardous. FloWell is both an environmentally safe and ecologically sound. For this reason, FloWell is the preferred choice for use in oil and gas industry. Please take note of the FloWell Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), Fact Sheets, Case Studies, and PEGRESOL FloWell Purchase Procedures. SOUTHEAST ASIA FLOWELL DISTRIBUTOR PeGreSol will assist you with your particular inquiry and we look forward to providing you with a cost effective solution. Our mission is to help our clients achieve increased oil and gas production, transport, storage and refining efficiency. Phone: +66 089-246-7866 Email: [email protected] www.pegresol.com 4
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