religious studies - Punjabi University

PUNJABI UNIVERSITY, PATIALA
ORDINANCES
AND
OUTLINES OF TESTS,
SYLLABI AND COURSES OF READING
FOR
M.A. (RELIGIOUS STUDIES) PART-I
(Semester-First and Second)
FOR
2014-2015, and 2015-2016 Session
1
ORDINANCES FOR MASTER OF ARTS
EXAMINATIONS
(SEMESTER SYSTEM)
Applicability of Ordinances for the time being in force
Notwithstanding the integrated nature of a course spread over more than one academic
year, the Ordinances in force at the time a student joins a course shall hold good only for
the examination held during or at the end of the academic year. Nothing in these
ordinances shall be deemed to debar the University from amending the ordinances
subsequently and the amended ordinances, if any, shall apply to all the students whether
old or new.
I. The examination for the degree of Master of Arts shall be held in four parts to be called
M.A. Semester-I, M.A. Semester-II, M.A. Semester-III and M.A. Semester-IV. The
Examination of odd semester shall be held in the months of December/January and the
examination of even semesters shall be held in the months of April/ May or such other
dates as may be fixed by the University.
2.(a) (i) The candidates will be required to pay examination fees as prescribed by
the University from time to time.
(ii) Last dates by which the examination forms and fees for the external
examinations must reach the Controller of Examinations shall be
as follows:Semester Examination
Without
late fee
With late
with late
with late
with late
fee of
fee of
fee of
fee of
Rs. 800/- Rs. 1200/- Rs. 5000/Rs. 10000/----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----Dec./Jan (odd)
Sept. 30
Oct. 15
April/May( Even)
Feb. 28
March 15
Oct. 21
March 21
Oct. 31
March 31
Nov. 10
April 15
(b)
Candidates shall submit their admission forms and fee for admission to the
examination countersigned by the authorities as mentioned in the relevant
Ordinances.For improvement of marks/division. the fee will be the same as
prescribed for Private candidates and will be charged for each semester.
3. The following shall be the subjects out of which a candidate can offer one OR such
other subjects as approved by the University:
English, Hindi, Punjabi, Urdu, Persian, Sanskrit, History, Economics, Political Science,
Philosophy. Public Administration, Sociology, Defence and Strategic Studies,
Anthropological Linguistics and Punjabi Language, Religious Studies. Theatre and
Television.,Social Work. Fine Arts, Music (Instrumental and Vocal),Folk Art and
Culture, Psychology, Dance, Education ,Journalism and Mass Communication, Gurumat
Sangeet, Sikh Studies & Buddhist Studies.
2
4. (i) The medium of examination for subjects in the Faculty of languages shall be the
language concerned and for other subjects English or Punjabi.
(ii) The medium of examinations for M.A. Music, Dance, Fine Arts, Folk Art Culture
and Theatre and Television, shall be Punjabi, English and Hindi.
Provided that candidates for M.A. Sanskrit and M.A. Persian examination shall be
permitted at their option .to offer medium of examination as under:
M.A. Sanskrit
Sanskrit or Hindi or Punjabi
M.A. Persian
Persian or Urdu or Punjabi.
The Ordinances for the courses being run in the department of Religious Studies are
recommended in the Board of Studies according to the RUSA Scheme as follows:
5. The Syllabus of M.A. Religious Studies Part I , M.A. Sikh Studies Part I , M.A.
Buddhist Studies Part I Semester I and II is divided into three Sections/Units A B & C.
Instructions are recommended for the paper setters and the candidates accordingly.
6. The whole course is of 100 Marks out of which 25 Marks are for Internal Assessment
and 75 Marks are for External examination. Internal Assessment (25 Marks) are further
divided into three portions i.e. 5 marks for attendance, 10 marks for assignment and 10
marks for Internal test for two times (5+5).
Note: The Internal Assessment will he formulated and sent to COE as per prescribed
schedule. failing which the result of concerned candidates will be shown as RL.
7. There will be no condition of passing papers for promotion from odd semester to even
semester in an Academic Session.
To qualify for admission to 2nd year of the Course, the candidate must have
passed 50% of total papers of the two semesters of the I st year.
A candidate placed under reappear in any paper, will be allowed two chances to
clear the reappear, which shall be available within consecutive two years/chances i.e. to
pass in a paper the candidate will have a total of three chances, one as regular student and
two as reappear candidate.
Provided that he shall have to qualify in all the papers prescribed for M.A. course
within a period of four years from the date he joins the course. In case, he fails to do so
within the prescribed period of four years as aforesaid he shall be declared fail.
The examination of reappear papers of odd semester will be held with
regular
examination of the odd semester and reappear examination of the even
semester will
be held with regular examination of even semester. But if a candidate is placed under
reappear in the last semester of the course, he will be provided chance to pass the
reappear with the examination of the next semester, provided his reappear of lower
semester does not go beyond next semester. It is understood that a reappear or failed
candidate shall be allowed to take the
examination in papers not cleared by him
according to the date sheets of the semester examinations in which such papers may be
adjusted. After completing two years of studies (i.e. four semester course) he shall not
be admitted to any
semester of the same course and will not have any privileges of a
regular student.
8. The grace marks shall be allowed according to the general ordinances relating to
'Award of
Grace Marks', These ordinance will apply to all the examination.
3
(i) Upto 1% of the total marks of Part-I and II examination shall be added to the aggregate
of both
Part -1 & 11 examinations to award a higher division/ 55% marks, to a candidate.
(ii) Grace marks given shall be calculated on the basis of 1 % of total aggregate marks of
all the written and practical papers of the examination concerned. Marks for viva-voce
/internal assessment /sessional work/skill in teaching /any addition al/optional subject shall
not be taken into account for this purpose. If a fraction works out to half or more, it shall
count as one mark and fraction less than half be ignored.
(iii) To pass in one or more written papers or subjects, and /or to make up the aggregate to
pass the examination but not in practical, sessional work, internal assessment, viva-voce and
skill in teaching.
*9. Three weeks after the termination of the examination or as soon as thereafter as
possible the Registrar shall publish a list of candidates who have passed the examination
of each semester. Each successful candidate in Semester-I, Semester- II, SemesterIII and
Semester-IV examinations shall receive a certificate of having
passed
that
examination. A list of successful candidates in the Part-II examination
be arranged in
three Divisions according to Ordinance 10 and the division obtained by the candidate
will be stated in his Degree.
----------------------------------------------For M.A. Social Work onlv :
After M.A. Final examination. Block Field work of eight week should be completed by each student For
the purpose of Block Field Work. the students will be placed in an institution/agency/organization. It shall
be on the satisfactory completion of the block field work that student shall be eligible for the award of M.A.
degree in Social Work. In case of having completed the required Block Field Work the student shall be
required to produce a certificate from the institution/Agency/Organization to that effect. It is understood
that the assigned institution/Agency/Organization shall continue informing the Head of the Department
fortnightly about the progress of the Candidate.
The students shall also submit 50% field work concurrent reports during each year in order to
become eligible for the submission of the comprehensive field work report and for appearing in the theory
papers in each of the two years.
Concurrent field work will be of 100 marks in each year out of this 50 marks are allotted for vivavoce examination and 50 marks are allotted to the field work report. .
10. Successful candidate who obtains 75% or more of the aggregate marks in Part- 1 and
Part- II examination taken together shall be declared to have passed the examination with
distinction and who obtain 60% or more the aggregate marks shall be placed in first division.
Those who
obtain 50% or more but less than 60% shall be placed in the
second division and all below 50% shall be placed in the third division.
11. The examination in M.A.Part- I shall be open to a person who at least one academic year
previously.
**(i) has passed graduation in any Faculty having obtained 50% marks.
(ii) Candidate belonging to the following categories shall be allowed relaxation of 5%
in the
aggregate percentage:
(a) Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
(b) Physically Handicapped, provided that they produce a medical certificate that they
have atleast 40% physical disability.
4
** For M.A. Part-1 Sikh Studies, the percentage shall be 45%.
** For M.A. Part-1 Philosophy, the percentage shall be 45%.
12. Candidate shall submit their application forms for admission to the Ist Semester and
thereafter the 2nd Semester examination duly countersigned by the Head of the
Department/Principal of the College along with a certificate from the Head of the
Department/Principal of the college that the candidate satisfies the following requirements:
(a)
has been on the rolls of the University Teaching Department/college throughout
the academic term preceding the semester examination and;
(b) Of having good moral character; and
(c)
Every candidate will be required to attend 75% attendance of the number of
periods delivered in each paper from the date of the candidate's admission to
the department/college.
In the Department where there is separate period for Guided Library Reading. the
attendance for period. like the attendance of each paper. shall be 75% and will be
considered like a paper of separated Unit.
(d) Has been admitted to the examination as reappear/failed candidate, under the
ordinances/statutes.
Note: (a) In case of students, whose names are struck off on account of non-payment of
fee, their periods, for the time they were not on the rolls, shall not be
accounted for.
(b) The shortage in the attendance of lectures of the candidate will he condoned
as per rules made by the University from time to time.
13. The Part-II (3rd semester and thereafter the 4th semester)
examination shall be open to any person who has passed Part-I
examination in full or has cleared at least 50% of the papers of two semesters of the 1st
year from this University.
OR
*has passed Part-I examination in the subject offered from the Punjab/Guru Nanak Dev
University ; provided that he has offered the same papers in Part-I as are available in this
University. A candidate who has passed Bachelor of Journalism and Mass
Communication (annual) course from this University shall be eligible for admission to
Master of Journalism and Mass Communication Part-II 3rd Semester examination if he
satisfies the following requirements for each semester:(A)
(i)
has been on the rolls of the University/College throughout the academic
term preceding the Semester examination.
(ii)
has not discontinued his studies for more than one year after passing Part-I
examination.
*
In the case of candidates who have passed Part-I examination from the Panjah, Guru Nanak Dev
University. the marks obtained by them in Part-1 examination shall be counted towards the
division
5
of successful candidate of Part-II examination of this University by increasing or reducing the marks
obtained.
*
(iii)
Every candidate will be required to attend minimum
75% lectures/periods** delivered to that class in each paper.
The college/department shall be required to deliver atleast 75% of the total
number of
lectures prescribed for each paper.
Teaching/Seminars/Tutorial Guided Library Reading
Period of 1 hour's duration
- 1 Attendance
Practical one period of 2-3 hour duration 1 Attendance
In the Departments, where there is separate period for Guided Library Reading ,
the attendance of period ,like the attendance of each paper, shall be 75% and will be
considered like paper of seperate Unit.
(iv) Has been admitted to the examination as reappear/fialed candidate under the
ordinance/statutes.
Note: (a)
In case of students, whose names are struck off on account of non-payment
fee, their periods for the time they were not on the roles shall not be
accounted for.
(b)
The shortage in the attendance of lectures of the candidate will be
condoned as per rules made by the University from time to time.
-------------------------------------------------* Note: Teaching Weeks in an academic year
= 25
Required Credit Hours(CH) per week for student = 25
**
1 Credit Hours (CI-I)=I Lecture Contact Hour (LCH)
= I Seminars/tutorial/Guided /library Reading
Contact Hour (STORCH)
=2 Practical Contact Hours (PCH)
A student who was debarred from appearing in an examination owing to shortage
in the number of lectures delivered in all subject (s) shall be permitted to complete
his lectures in the next session and to appear in the examination within the period
prescribed in the Ordinances for appearing as late University/College student.
6
SYLLABUS
M.A. (RELIGIOUS STUDIES) PART-I
(SEMESTER 1 & II)
FOR
SESSION 2014-15 & 2015-2016
There are eight papers in M.A. (Religious Studies) Part-I. Each paper carries 100
marks. External examination is of 75 marks and has three hours duration. 25 Marks are
allotted for Internal Assessment. Stipulated teaching hours for each paper are 125.
SEMESTER I
PAPER I
PAPER II
PAPER III
:
:
:
PAPER IV
:
Study of Religion- I
Study of Sikh Religion- I
Option (i) Hinduism- I
Option (ii) Study of Indian Religions
Option (i) Judaism
Option (ii) Study of Sikh Scripture- I
SEMESTER II
PAPER V
PAPER VI
PAPER VII
:
:
:
PAPER VIII
:
Study of Religion- II
Study of Sikh Religion- II
Option (i) Hinduism-II
Option (ii) Study of Sikh Scripture-II
Option (i) Christianity
Option (ii) Study of West- Asian Religions
(Judaism, Christianity and Islam)
Note: Candidates are required to opt for either Options (i) of Paper III and
Paper IV in the Semester I and Options (i) of Paper VII and Paper VIII in Semester II or
Options (ii) of Paper III and Paper IV. in the Semester I and Options (ii) of Paper VII
and Paper VIII in the Semester II. Those who opt. for Options (i) in Semester I and
Semester II, M.A. Part I will have to opt for Options (i) of Paper XI and Paper XII in
the Semester III and Options (i) of Paper XV and Paper XVI in the Semester IV in M.A.
Part II. Similarly those who opt for Option (ii) in Semester I and Semester II in M.A.
Part I will have to opt for options (ii) of Paper XI and Paper XII in the Semesters III
and Options (ii) of Paper XV and Paper XVI in the Semester IV in M.A. Part II.
7
M.A. (RELIGIOUS STUDIES) PART-I
(SEMESTER 1 & II)
SEMESTER Ist
PAPER I
:
STUDY OF RELIGION- I
Total Teaching Hours: 125
External Examination : 75
Internal Assessment: : 25
Time: 3 Hours
Max. Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35%
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAPER-SETTER
1
2
3
The question paper is to be divided into three Sections A,B & C. For Section A of
the question paper the examiner would set four questions covering Section A &
Section B of the syllabus. Out of the four questions two questions are to be
attempted by the candidates Each question carries 10 marks. (10+10 =20)
In section B of the question paper 7 questions are to be asked from the whole
syllabus. Out of 7 questions 5 questions are to be answered by the candidates.
Each question carries 5 marks. (5X5=25)
In section C of the paper the examiner would ask 15 objective type questions from
the whole syllabus. All the questions in section C are compulsory. Each question
carries 2 marks. (15X2 = 30)
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES
Candidates will have to answer two questions out of four questions . Each
question carries 10 marks. 5 questions out of 7 are to be answered in section B of the
questions paper and each question carries 5 marks. The whole of Section C is
compulsory. The candidates will answer 15 objective type questions. Each question
carries two marks.
SECTION A
Introduction and Study of Religion
1. Religion: Nature and Scope.
2. Relationship with Religion: Theology, Philosophy of Religion, Morality, and Sociology
3. Meaning and Task of Religionswissenschaft.
4. Origin, Development and Present Trends of the Study of Religion.
SECTION B
Methodologies in the Study of Religion
5. Anthropological Methodology with special reference to E.B. Tylor and J. Frazer.
8
6. Sociological Methodology with special reference to E. Durkheim and M. Weber.
7. Psychological Methodology with special reference to S. Freud and C.G. Jung
8. Phenomenological Methodology with special reference to W.B. Kristensen and . Van
Der Leeuw.
SECTION C
Fifteen short-answer-type questions covering the above Two sections (A & B).
1H
2H
3H
4
5
6
7
8.
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22.
RECOMMENDED READINGS
t}ho f;zx, Xow dk dkoFfBe nfXn?B
doFB f;zx, Xow nfXn?B ns/ f;Zy nfXn?B
i'X f;zx ns/ ;fj:'rh, Xow dk nekdfwe gfog/y
A.G. Widgrey, What is Religion?
Joachim Wach, Josepth M. Kitagawa (Ed.), The History of Religions: Essays on
the Problem of Understanding
Y. Masih, Introduction to Religious Philosophy.
Mircea Eliade and Joseph M. Kitagawa(Eds.), The History of Religions: Essays in
Methodology
Eric J. Sharpe, Comparative Religion: A History
Daniel L. Pals, Eight Theories of Religion
Thomas F. O’Dea, The Sociology of Religion (Prentice- Hall Foundations of
Modern Sociology Series)
Frederick J.Streng, Understanding Religious Life
Annemarie De Waal Malefijt, Religion and Culture: An Introduction to
Anthropology of Religion
E.B.Tylor, Primitive Culture (2 Vols)
G.J. Frazer, The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion
E. Durkheim, The Elementary Forms of Religious Life
M. Weber, The Sociology of Religion
G. Van Der Leeuw, Religion in Essence and Manifestation
W.B. Kristensen,(Trs.) John B. Carman, The Meaning of Religion: Lectures in the
Phenomenology of Religion
Sigmund Freud, Origins of Religion: “Totem and Taboo” and “Moses and
Monotheism”
G. Stephens Spinks, Psychology and Religion: An Introduction to
Contemporary Views
Robert H. Thouless, An Introduction to the Psychology of Religion
Dr. Rajinder Kaur Rohi; Journal of Sikh Studies Vol. XXXV 201, "Academic way
to religions co-existence." (P.P. 39-49)
9
PAPER II
Total Teaching Hours: 125
External Examination: 75
Internal Assessment: 25
Time: 3 Hours
STUDY OF SIKH RELIGION I
Max. Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35%
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAPER-SETTER
1
2
3
The question paper is to be divided into three Sections A,B & C. For Section A of
the question paper the examiner would set four questions covering Section A &
Section B of the syllabus. Out of the four questions two questions are to be
attempted by the candidates Each question carries 10 marks. (10+10 =20)
In section B of the question paper 7 questions are to be asked from the whole
syllabus. Out of 7 questions 5 questions are to be answered by the candidates.
Each question carries 5 marks. (5X5=25)
In section C of the paper the examiner would ask 15 objective type questions from
the whole syllabus. All the questions in section C are compulsory. Each question
carries 2 marks. (15X2 = 30)
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES
Candidates will have to answer two questions out of four questions . Each
question carries 10 marks. 5 questions out of 7 are to be answered in section B of the
questions paper and each question carries 5 marks. The whole of Section C is
compulsory. The candidates will answer 15 objective type questions. Each question
carries two marks.
1.
2
3.
4.
5.
6.
SECTION A
Sikh Religion: Origin, Development and Distinctive Features.
Fundamentals of Sikhism: Nam Japna, Kirt Kaarna, Vand Chhakna
Concept of Martyrdom.
Consolidation of Sikhism: Manji and Dasbandh
Guruship : Concept of Continuity (Joti and Jugti)
Sikh Institutions: Langar, Sangat, Gurdwara, Manji system
SECTION B
7. Creation of Khalsa; Its causes and significance
8. Guru Granth and Guru Panth.
9. Dharam Yudh.
10. Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Devji .
11. Martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib.
12. Martyrdom of Four Sahabzadas.
10
SECTION C
Fifteen short-answer-type questions covering the above Two sections (A& B).
RECOMMENDED READINGS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Harbans Singh , The Heritage of the Sikhs
Harbans Singh (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Sikhism
I.B. Banerjee, Evolution of Khalsa (2 Volumes).
Avtar Singh, Ethics of the Sikhs.
Teja Singh, Sikhism: Its Ideals and Institutions.
Piara Singh Padam, Rahitnamas.
Dalbir Singh Dhillon, Sikh Religion: Origin and Development
J.S. Ahluwalia, Sikhism Today.
Teja Singh, Gurdwara Reform Movement
Kapur Singh, Sikhism for Modern Man
Kapur Singh, Prasarprasna
N. Muthumohan, Basic Postulates of Sikhism
gqhsw f;zx d;tK r[o{ BkBe ns/ j'o b/y
gqhsw f;zx (;zgk a) f;Zy cb;c/ dh o{go/yk
15. fsqb'uB f;zx, r[o{ s/r pjkdo ;kfjp
16. skoB f;zx, f;Zy, f;Zyh ns/ f;Zy f;XKs
17 GkJh i'X f;zx, r[owfs fBoD?
18 Bo?D f;zx, f;Zyh dhnK p[fBnkdK
19. i;ftzdo e'"o fYb' (;zgk) f;Zy ;z;EktK’
20H okfizdo e"o o'jh, ;qh r[o{ rqzE ;kfjpL nfXnksw s/ fttjko, gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh,
gfNnkbk, 2012
21H fgnkok f;zx gdw, uko ;kfjpIkd/
22. Ganda Singh, Guru Arjun's Martyrdom Re-interpreted.
11
PAPER-III OPTION (i) HINDUISM I
Teaching Hours:
125
External Examination: 75
Internal Assessment: 25
Time: 3 Hours
Max. Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35%
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAPER-SETTER
1
2
3
The question paper is to be divided into three Sections A,B & C. For Section A of
the question paper the examiner would set four questions covering Section A &
Section B of the syllabus. Out of the four questions two questions are to be
attempted by the candidates Each question carries 10 marks. (10+10 =20)
In section B of the question paper 7 questions are to be asked from the whole
syllabus. Out of 7 questions 5 questions are to be answered by the candidates.
Each question carries 5 marks. (5X5=25)
In section C of the paper the examiner would ask 15 objective type questions from
the whole syllabus. All the questions in section C are compulsory. Each question
carries 2 marks. (15X2 = 30)
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES
Candidates will have to answer two questions out of four questions . Each
question carries 10 marks. 5 questions out of 7 are to be answered in section B of the
questions paper and each question carries 5 marks. The whole of Section C is
compulsory. The candidates will answer 15 objective type questions. Each question
carries two marks.
SECTION A
1.
2.
3.
4.
Vedic gods- Indra, Agni, Varuna, Visnu and Rudra (a brief account).
Vedic sacrifices, (Yajna)- nature of sacrifices in the Vedas and Brahmans.
Notions of Atman and Brahman in the Upanisads.
Transmigration and Moksa in the Upanisads.
SECTION B
5.
6.
7.
8.
Spiritual disciplines: Karma, Bhakti, Jnana
Notion of Sthitaprajna
Basic tenets of Advaita,
Basic tenets of Visishtadvaita .
SECTION C
Fifteen short answer-type questions covering the above Two sections (A& B).
12
RECOMMENDED READINGS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
A.A. Macdonell, Vedic Mythology.
A.B. Keith, Religion and Philosophy of the Vedas and Upanisads
Haridas Bhattacharyya , The Cultural Heritage of India,Vol. I-III
Franklin Edgerton, The Beginning of Indian Philosophy.
S. Radhakrishnan, The Principal Upanisads.
S. Radhakrishnan, The Bhagavadgita.
R.D. Ranade, Constructive Survey of Upanisadic Philosophy.
S. Radhakrishnan, Indian Philosophy 2 Vols.
T.M.P. Mahadevan, Outlines of Hinduism.
S.N. Dasgupta, A History of Indian Philosophy, Vol. 1 and 2.
nko avh a fBokekoh, Gkosh do;aBH
pbd/t T[gfXnkJ/, Gkosh doFB eh o{go/yk (fjzdh)
dZsk ns/ u?Noih, Gkosh doFB (fjzdh)
PAPER III
(Option-ii) STUDY OF INDIAN RELIGIONS
Teaching Hours:
125
External Examination: 75
Internal Assessment: 25
Time: 3 Hours
Max. Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35%
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAPER-SETTER
1
2
3
The question paper is to be divided into three Sections A,B & C. For Section A of
the question paper the examiner would set four questions covering Section A &
Section B of the syllabus. Out of the four questions two questions are to be
attempted by the candidates Each question carries 10 marks. (10+10 =20)
In section B of the question paper 7 questions are to be asked from the whole
syllabus. Out of 7 questions 5 questions are to be answered by the candidates.
Each question carries 5 marks. (5X5=25)
In section C of the paper the examiner would ask 15 objective type questions from
the whole syllabus. All the questions in section C are compulsory. Each question
carries 2 marks. (15X2 = 30)
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES
Candidates will have to answer two questions out of four questions . Each
question carries 10 marks. 5 questions out of 7 are to be answered in section B of the
questions paper and each question carries 5 marks. The whole of Section C is
13
compulsory. The candidates will answer 15 objective type questions. Each question
carries two marks.
SECTION A
1.
2.
3
4
Vedic Tradition: Main Characteristics,
Nasadiya Sukta, Purusha Sukta, Sacrifices, Gods.
Upanishads: Concept of Brahman, Atman and World.
Bhagavadgita: Jnana Marga, Bhakti Marga, Karma Marga
SECTION B
Jainism: Brief Introduction, Jiva, Ajiva, Anekantvad,
Concept of Moksa and the way to Moksa
Buddhism: Origin and Development, Four Noble Truths, Doctrine of Three
Characteristics (Suffering, Impermanence and Non-self).
Doctrine of Karma and Rebirth, Bodhisattva Ideal.
5.
6.
7.
8.
SECTION C
Fifteen short answer-type questions covering the above Two sections (A& B).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7
8.
9
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
RECOMMENDED READINGS
A.A. Macdonell, Vedic Mythology.
A.B. Keith, Religion and Philosophy of the Vedas and Upanisads.
Franklin Edgerton, The Beginning of Indian Philosophy
M. Hiriyanna, Outlines of Indian Philosophy.
S.Radhakrishnan,
Indian Philosophy,2 Vols
L. M Joshi et Al., Buddhism.
T. M. P. Mahadevan et. Al, Hinduism.
Gurbachan Singh Talib (Ed.), Jainism
A.K. Warder, Indian Buddhism
Sinclair Sterenson, The Heart of Jainism
S.N. Dasgupta, History of Indian Philosophy 2 Vols
Haridas Bhattacharyya, The Cultural Heritage of India Vol. I
G.C. Pandey, Studies in the Origins of Buddhism
L.M.Joshi, Studies in the Buddhistic Culture of India
14
PAPER-IV: OPTION (i):
JUDAISM
Teaching Hours:
125
External Examination: 75
Internal Assessment: 25
Time: 3 Hours
Max. Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35%
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAPER-SETTER
1
2
3
The question paper is to be divided into three Sections A,B & C. For Section A of
the question paper the examiner would set four questions covering Section A &
Section B of the syllabus. Out of the four questions two questions are to be
attempted by the candidates Each question carries 10 marks. (10+10 =20)
In section B of the question paper 7 questions are to be asked from the whole
syllabus. Out of 7 questions 5 questions are to be answered by the candidates.
Each question carries 5 marks. (5X5=25)
In section C of the paper the examiner would ask 15 objective type questions from
the whole syllabus. All the questions in section C are compulsory. Each question
carries 2 marks. (15X2 = 30)
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES
Candidates will have to answer two questions out of four questions . Each
question carries 10 marks. 5 questions out of 7 are to be answered in section B of the
questions paper and each question carries 5 marks. The whole of Section C is
compulsory. The candidates will answer 15 objective type questions. Each question
carries two marks.
SECTION A
Introduction and Scripture text and Context
1. Origin of Judaism - Covenant.
2. Jewish People and their religious life
3. The Hebrew Scripture : Torah, Nabim,Kethubim
4. Ten commandments and their significance .
SECTION B
Main events from Abraham to Moses as found in the book of Genesis and
Exodus.
Prophets : Concept and role.
Idea of God and His attributes.
Creation and Sacrifice.
SECTION C
5.
6.
7.
8.
Fifteen short answer-type questions covering the above Two sections (A& B).
15
RECOMMENDED READINGS
1 frnkBh gqskg f;zx, ;z;ko d/ gqw[Zy XowK dk fJfsjk;
2 wBw'jB f;zx, ;kwh XowK d/ T[gd/F
3 Robert H. Pfeiffer, Introduction to the Old Testament.
4 G.R. Singh & C.W. David, Judaism and Christianity.
5 David F. Hinson, History of Israel.
6 John Skinner, Prophecy and Religion.
7 F.C. Eiselen (ed.)The Abingdon Bible Commentary.
8 W.O.E. Oesterly, Sacrifices in Ancient Israel.
9 Leo Baeck, The Essence of Judaism
10 Yechezkel Kaufmann, (Trns.) Moshe Greenberg, The Religion of Israel:
From its Beginnings to the Babylonian Exile
11 W.F. Albright, From Stone Age to Christianity: Monotheism and
Historical Process
12 George Foot Moore, Judaism
13 Rajinder Kaur Rohi, Semitic and Sikh Monotheism: A Comparitive Study
14 R.W. Gleeson, Yahweh : The God of the Old Testament
15. s/fizdo e"o Xkbhtkb, :j{dh ns/ fJ;kJh Xow fJe ;zy/g ikDekoh
16
PAPER-IV: OPTION (ii) STUDY OF SIKH SCRIPTURE I
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAPER-SETTER
1
2
3
The question paper is to be divided into three Sections A,B & C. For Section A of
the question paper the examiner would set four questions covering Section A &
Section B of the syllabus. Out of the four questions two questions are to be
attempted by the candidates Each question carries 10 marks. (10+10 =20)
In section B of the question paper 7 questions are to be asked from the whole
syllabus. Out of 7 questions 5 questions are to be answered by the candidates.
Each question carries 5 marks. (5X5=25)
In section C of the paper the examiner would ask 15 objective type questions from
the whole syllabus. All the questions in section C are compulsory. Each question
carries 2 marks. (15X2 = 30)
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES
Candidates will have to answer two questions out of four questions . Each
question carries 10 marks. 5 questions out of 7 are to be answered in section B of the
questions paper and each question carries 5 marks. The whole of Section C is
compulsory. The candidates will answer 15 objective type questions. Each question
carries two marks.
SECTION A
1.
General Introduction to Sri Guru Granth Sahib His contributors.
2.
Compilation and Editorial scheme.
3. Status and Role of Guru Granth Sahib
4. Japuji Sahib: Concept of Supreme Reality,Hukam, Spiritual Progress
( Five Khandas).
5.
6.
7.
8.
SECTION B
Asa Ki Var : A reflection on Contemporary Society.
Sidh Gosti : Concept of World, Ideal Man, Sikh View of Yoga.
Baramaha Tukhari : Themetic Study.
Slokas of Guru Angad Dev : Themetic Study.
SECTION C
Ten short-answer type questions covering all the above four sections.
17
1.
2.
3.
4
5
6
7
8H
9H
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
H
RECOMMENDED READINGS
Sohan Singh, The Seeker's Path.
Jodh Singh ,The Religious Philosophy of Guru Nanak
Gurnek Singh, Guru Granth Sahib: Interpretation, Meaning and
Nature.
;kfjp f;zx, pkojwkj s[ykoh s/ wkM
skoB f;zx , r[o{ nzrd d/t ih
i;pho f;zx ;kpo, oftdk; pkDh dk pj[gZyh nfXn?B
i;pho f;zx ;kpo, frnkB osBktbh L gkm fBoXkoD s/ gkm nkb'uBk
wfjzdo e"o frZb, r[o{ rqzE ;kfjp dh ;zgkdB ebk
skoB f;zx, r[o{ rqzE ;kfjp dk ;kfjse fJfsjk;
t}ho f;zx, BkBe pkDh fuzsB
irpho f;zx, pkDh ;z;ko
skoB f;zx, nBzd i's s/ i[rs
pbpho f;zx, nwo eth r[o{ nwodk;
BokfJD f;zx, ftnkj j'fJnk w/o/ pkpbk
fgqsgkb f;zx, ig[ih fJe ftt/uB
Dr. Rajinder Kaur Rohi, Japuji Sahib: Text & Translation, Punjabi University
Patiala, 2004.
18
SEMESTER II
PAPER-V: STUDY OF RELIGION II
Teaching Hours:
125
External Examination: 75
Assessment: 25
Time: 3 Hours
Max. Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35%
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAPER-SETTER
1
2
3
The question paper is to be divided into three Sections A,B & C. For Section A of
the question paper the examiner would set four questions covering Section A &
Section B of the syllabus. Out of the four questions two questions are to be
attempted by the candidates Each question carries 10 marks. (10+10 =20)
In section B of the question paper 7 questions are to be asked from the whole
syllabus. Out of 7 questions 5 questions are to be answered by the candidates.
Each question carries 5 marks. (5X5=25)
In section C of the paper the examiner would ask 15 objective type questions from
the whole syllabus. All the questions in section C are compulsory. Each question
carries 2 marks. (15X2 = 30)
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES
Candidates will have to answer two questions out of four questions . Each
question carries 10 marks. 5 questions out of 7 are to be answered in section B of the
questions paper and each question carries 5 marks. The whole of Section C is
compulsory. The candidates will answer 15 objective type questions. Each question
carries two marks.
SECTION A
Primitive Religion and Experimental Theories of Religion
1.
2.
3.
4.
Early Religious Expressions : Animism, Mana, Totem and Magic.
Nature and Function of Myth and Ritual.
Rudolf Otto : Nature of Holy.
Mircea Eliade : Sacred and Hierphany ( Manifestation of the
Sacred).
SECTION B
Modern Challenges in Religion and Present Trends and Religion
5. Challenge of Science and Technology.
6. Challenge of Historical Materialism and Secularization
7. Globalization and Religion.
8. Religious Pluralism and Interfaith Dialogue
19
SECTION C
Fifteen short answer-type questions covering the above Two sections (A& B).
RECOMMENDED READINGS
1. Brian Morris, Anthropological Studies of Religion.
2. G. Stephens Spinks, Psychology of Religion.
3. Annemarie de Waal Malefijt, Religion and Culture: An Introduction to
Anthropology of Religion
4. W. Richard Comstock, Study of Religion and Primitive Religion.
5. Rudolf Otto,The Idea of the Holy.
6. Mircea Eliade, The Sacred and the Profane.
7. Joachim Wach, Types of Religious Experience.
8. Peter Beyer, Religion and Globalization.
9. Roland Roberston, Globalization(Social Theory and Global Culture)
10.W.C. Smith, Religious Diversity
11.Eric J. Sharpe, Comaprative Religion: A HIstory.
12.Thomas Paul, Present-Day Challenges to Religion.
13.John Cogley, Religion in a Secular Age.
14 r[opuB f;zx skbp, Xow dh T[sgsh s/ ftek;
15 wBw'jB f;zx, XowK dk ftek; s/ r[owfs
16 doFB f;zx, Xow nfXn?B ns/ f;Zy nfXn?B
17 Rajinder Kaur Rohi; Journal of Sikh Studies Vol. XXXV 2011,
"Academic way to religions co-existence." (pp 39-49)
20
PAPER VI STUDY OF SIKH RELIGION II
Teaching Hours: 125
External Examination: 75
Internal Assessment: 25
Time: 3 Hours
Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35%
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAPER-SETTER
1
2
3
The question paper is to be divided into three Sections A,B & C. For Section A of
the question paper the examiner would set four questions covering Section A &
Section B of the syllabus. Out of the four questions two questions are to be
attempted by the candidates Each question carries 10 marks. (10+10 =20)
In section B of the question paper 7 questions are to be asked from the whole
syllabus. Out of 7 questions 5 questions are to be answered by the candidates.
Each question carries 5 marks. (5X5=25)
In section C of the paper the examiner would ask 15 objective type questions from
the whole syllabus. All the questions in section C are compulsory. Each question
carries 2 marks. (15X2 = 30)
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES
Candidates will have to answer two questions out of four questions . Each
question carries 10 marks. 5 questions out of 7 are to be answered in section B of the
questions paper and each question carries 5 marks. The whole of Section C is
compulsory. The candidates will answer 15 objective type questions. Each question
carries two marks.
SECTION A
1. Historical Development of the Gurdwara.
2. Harimander Sahib : Socio- Religious Significance
3. Miri- Piri
4. Institution of Gurmata and Sarbat Khalsa.
5. Five Takhats.
6. Khalsa Raj (Baba Banda Singh Bahadur to Maharaja Ranjit Singh)
Section B
7. Sikh Rahitnamas (Bhai Chaupa Singh, Prehlaad Singh and Bhai Nand Lal)
8. Origin and Development of Rahit Maryada
9. Sanskar : Birth, Naming, Khande Ki Pahul, Marriage, Death).
10. Sikh Sects : Udasis, Nirmalas and Seva Panthis.
11. Singh Sabha Movement.
12. Religious Movements upto 1999.
21
SECTION C
Fifteen short answer-type questions covering the above Two sections (A& B).
RECOMMENDED READINGS
1. Harbans Singh, The Heritage of the Sikhs
2. Avtar Singh, Ethics of the Sikhs.
3. Teja Singh , Sikhism: Its Ideals and Institutions.
4. Piara Singh Padam, Rahitnamas.
5. Ganda Singh, The Singh Sabha and otherSocio-religious movements in
Punjab.
6. S.S. Ashok, Punjab dian Lehran.
7. J.S. Ahluwalia, Sikhism Today
8. Teja Singh, Gurdwara Reform Movement
9. Kapur Singh, Sikhism for Modern Man
10. Kapur Singh, Prasarprashna
11. Kapur Singh, Me Judice
12. J.S Grewal, History, Literature and Identity: Four Centuries of Sikh
Tradition.
11H r[oBkw e"o, T[dk;h ;zgodk dk nekdfwe gfog/y
12 rzvk f;zx, i'X f;zx nfGBzdB rqzE
13 Pritam Singh (ed.), Nirmal Sampradie
14 oDXho f;zx, T[dk;h f;ZyK dh ftfEnk
15. J.S. Grewal, Historical Perspectives on Sikh Identity
16. r[ow[y f;zx, ;/tk gzEhnK dh gzikph ;kfjs B{z d/D
22
PAPER-VII (Option-i) : HINDUISM II
Teaching Hours:
125
External Examination: 75
Internal Assessment: 25
Time: 3 Hours
Max. Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35%
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAPER-SETTER
1
2
3
The question paper is to be divided into three Sections A,B & C. For Section A of
the question paper the examiner would set four questions covering Section A &
Section B of the syllabus. Out of the four questions two questions are to be
attempted by the candidates Each question carries 10 marks. (10+10 =20)
In section B of the question paper 7 questions are to be asked from the whole
syllabus. Out of 7 questions 5 questions are to be answered by the candidates.
Each question carries 5 marks. (5X5=25)
In section C of the paper the examiner would ask 15 objective type questions from
the whole syllabus. All the questions in section C are compulsory. Each question
carries 2 marks. (15X2 = 30)
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES
Candidates will have to answer two questions out of four questions . Each
question carries 10 marks. 5 questions out of 7 are to be answered in section B of the
questions paper and each question carries 5 marks. The whole of Section C is
compulsory. The candidates will answer 15 objective type questions. Each question
carries two marks.
SECTION A
Study of Tantra and Study of Hindu Sects
1.
2.
3.
4.
Basic Features of Tantra-sadhana.
Philosophy of Tantra.
S'aiva and S'akta.
Vais'nava
SECTION B
Study of Bhakti Movement and Renaissance
5. Bhakti Tradition in South India : Alvars and Nayanars.
6. Bhakti Tradition in North India : Rmananda, Kabir and Tulsidas.
Brahmo Samaj and Arya Samaj : Missions of Raja Rammohan Roy
and Dayananda Saraswati.
7. Mission of Ramakrishna and Vivekananda.
23
SECTION C
Fifteen short answer-type questions covering the above Two sections (A& B).
RECOMMENDED READINGS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9
Haridas Bhattacharrya,The Cultural Heritage of India, Vol. IV.
Sir John Woodroffe, Principles of Tantra.
Sir John Woodroffe,The Serpent Power.
R.G. Bhandarkar, Vaishavism Saivism & Minor Relgius Systems
Thoma J. Hopkins, Hindu Religious Tradition.
T.M.P. Mahadevan, Ten Saints of India.
A.K. Majumdar, Bhakti Renaissance.
J.N. Farquhar, Modern Religious Movements in India.
T. M. P. Mahadevan et. Al., Hinduism.
24
PAPER- VII (Option-ii) : STUDY OF SIKH SCRIPTURE - II
Teaching Hours:
125
External Examination: 75
Internal Assessment: 25
Time: 3 Hours
Max. Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35%
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAPER-SETTER
1
2
3
The question paper is to be divided into three Sections A,B & C. For Section A of
the question paper the examiner would set four questions covering Section A &
Section B of the syllabus. Out of the four questions two questions are to be
attempted by the candidates Each question carries 10 marks. (10+10 =20)
In section B of the question paper 7 questions are to be asked from the whole
syllabus. Out of 7 questions 5 questions are to be answered by the candidates.
Each question carries 5 marks. (5X5=25)
In section C of the paper the examiner would ask 15 objective type questions from
the whole syllabus. All the questions in section C are compulsory. Each question
carries 2 marks. (15X2 = 30)
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES
Candidates will have to answer two questions out of four questions . Each
question carries 10 marks. 5 questions out of 7 are to be answered in section B of the
questions paper and each question carries 5 marks. The whole of Section C is
compulsory. The candidates will answer 15 objective type questions. Each question
carries two marks.
SECTION A
1.
2.
3.
4.
Conceptual Study of Anand Bani.
Conceptual Study of Lawan and Pahre
Conceptual Study of Sukhmani : Sukh, Nam-Simran, Brahmgiani.
Bavan Akhari : Themetic Study.
5.
6.
7.
8.
SECTION B
Barahmah Majh : Themetic Study.
Conceptual Study of Sloke M-9: Namsimran, Life and Death
Bhatt Bani : Concept of Guru.
Var Satta and Balwand : Themetic Study.
25
SECTION C
Fifteen short answer-type questions covering the above Two sections (A& B).
RECOMMENDED READINGS
1. wfjzdo e"o frZb, r[o{ rqzE ;kfjp dh ;zgkdB ebk
2. tiaho f;zx, BkBe pkDh fuzsB
3. Sohan Singh, The Seeker's Path.
4. irpho f;zx, pkDh ;z;ko
5. skoB f;zx, nkBzd i'fs s/ i[rs
6. pbpho f;zx fdb, nwo eth r[o{ nwodk;
7. Jodh Singh , The Religious Philosophy of Guru Nanak
8. BkokfJD f;zx, ftnkj j'fJnk w/ok pkpbk
9. GkJh tho f;zx, bKtK ;Nhe
10. fgqsgkb f;zx, ig[ihL fJe ftt/uB
11. ;kfjp f;zx, pkjowkj s[ykoh s/ wkM
12. skoB f;zx, r[o{ nzrd d/t ih
13. Kapur Singh, Guru Arjun and his Sukhmani
14. Puran Singh, The Ten Masters.
26
PAPER-VIII (Option - i) CHRISTIANITY
Teaching Hours:
125
External Examination: 75
Internal Assessment: 25
Time: 3 Hours
Max. Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35%
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAPER-SETTER
1
2
3
The question paper is to be divided into three Sections A,B & C. For Section A of
the question paper the examiner would set four questions covering Section A &
Section B of the syllabus. Out of the four questions two questions are to be
attempted by the candidates Each question carries 10 marks. (10+10 =20)
In section B of the question paper 7 questions are to be asked from the whole
syllabus. Out of 7 questions 5 questions are to be answered by the candidates.
Each question carries 5 marks. (5X5=25)
In section C of the paper the examiner would ask 15 objective type questions from
the whole syllabus. All the questions in section C are compulsory. Each question
carries 2 marks. (15X2 = 30)
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES
Candidates will have to answer two questions out of four questions . Each
question carries 10 marks. 5 questions out of 7 are to be answered in section B of the
questions paper and each question carries 5 marks. The whole of Section C is
compulsory. The candidates will answer 15 objective type questions. Each question
carries two marks.
SECTION A
Introduction and Scripture
1. Christianity: Origin and Meaning
2. The Life and Teachings of Jesus Christ.
3. The Bible: Text and Meaning
4. Christian Ethics
SECTION B
History and Doctrines
5. (i) Origin of Church (with special reference to Acts of Apostle.)
(ii) Reformation as the beginning of Protestant Church
6. St. Thomas and India.
7. Trinity: Father, Son and Holy Spirit
8. Sin and Salvation
27
SECTION C
Fifteen short answer-type questions covering the above Two sections (A& B).
RECOMMENDED READINGS
1. Mathew P.John et. Al, Christianity
2. G.R. Singh and C.W. David, Judaism and Christianity.
3. F.C. Eiselen (ed.) The Abingdon Bible Commentary.
4. John Foster , Church History: First Advance, A.D. 29-500, V.1
5. Henery Charles Lefever, The History of the Reformation.
6. P.V. Mathew, ACTA INDICA(The Acts of St. Thomas in India).
7. Arthur Marcus Ward, The Outlines of Christian Doctrine, vol I and II.
8. John Mackintosh Shaw, Christian Doctrine
9. Rajinder Kaur Rohi, Semitic and Sikh Monotheism.
10. Emil Brunner, The Christian Doctrine of God, Dogmatics I.
11. Karl Barth, (Trnas.)G.T. Thomson, Dogmatics in Outlines.
12. wBw'jB f;zx, ;kwh XowK d/ T[gd/;a
13. eosko uzd GZNh, Jh;kJh Xow L fJe ikD gSkD
14. s/fizdo e"o, :j{dh s/ fJ;kJh Xow L fJe ;zy/g ikDekoh
28
PAPER VIII (Option-ii): STUDY OF WEST ASIAN RELIGIONS
ZOROASTRIANISM, JUDAISM, CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM)
Teaching Hours:
125
External Assessment: 75
Internal Assessment: 25
Time: 3 Hours
Max. Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 35%
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE PAPER-SETTER
1
2
3
The question paper is to be divided into three Sections A,B & C. For Section A of
the question paper the examiner would set four questions covering Section A &
Section B of the syllabus. Out of the four questions two questions are to be
attempted by the candidates Each question carries 10 marks. (10+10 =20)
In section B of the question paper 7 questions are to be asked from the whole
syllabus. Out of 7 questions 5 questions are to be answered by the candidates.
Each question carries 5 marks. (5X5=25)
In section C of the paper the examiner would ask 15 objective type questions from
the whole syllabus. All the questions in section C are compulsory. Each question
carries 2 marks. (15X2 = 30)
INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES
Candidates will have to answer two questions out of four questions . Each
question carries 10 marks. 5 questions out of 7 are to be answered in section B of the
questions paper and each question carries 5 marks. The whole of Section C is
compulsory. The candidates will answer 15 objective type questions. Each question
carries two marks.
SECTION A
1. Zoroastrianism: Life and Teachings of Zarathushthra, Ahura Vairya
Mantra.
2. An introduction to Zend Avesta.
3. Judaism: Moses, His cosntribution and Torah..
4. Concept of Yahweh (God).
SECTION B
5. Christianity: Life and Teachings of Jesus, Doctrine of Trinity.
6. General Introduction to the New Testament, origin of the Church.
7. Islam: Life of Prophet Mohammad, Compilation of Qur'an, Sura al
Fatiha , Five Pillars.
8. Sufism: Meaning, Origin and Dev elopment, its relation with Islam,
Basic Principles.
29
SECTION C
Fifteen short answer-type questions covering the above Two sections (A& B).
RECOMMENDED READINGS
1. G.R. Singh and C. W. David, Judaism and Christianity
2. Mathew P. John et., Al, Christianity
3. David F. Hinson, History of Israel
4. Leo Baeck, Essence of Judaism
5. R. W. Gleeson,Yahweh : The God of the Old Testament
6. Arthur Marcus Ward, The Outlines of Christian Doctrine Vol. I and II
7. Emil Brunner, The Christian Doctrine of God, Dogmatic I
8. Henry Charles Lefever, The History of the Reformation
9. John Foster, Church History: First Advance, A.D. 29-500, V.1
10 Abdul Haq Ansari et. Al., Islam
11. Amir Ali Syed, Sipirt of Islam
12. Mir Valiuddin, The Quranic Sufism
13. James Massey, Masihat : Ik Parichaye.
14. Gurbachan Singh Talib, An Advanced Book of Religious Studies
15. R. C. Zehner, The Dawm and Twilight of Zoroastrianism.
16. M.N. Dhalla, History of Zoroastrianism,
17. Duncan Greenlees, The Gospel of Zarathushtra.
18. Rulia Ram Kashyap, Vedic Origin of Zoroastrinism
19. w[jzwd fJo;akd, jios w[jzwd L ihtB ns/ f;fynktK
20. w[jzwd jphp, fJ;bkw fJe ;ot/yD
30

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