A Growers Strategy for Managing Weed Resistance Rich Zollinger NDSU Extension Weed Specialist Herbicides Registered Herbicides registered in the 70s: Roundup, Basagran, Banvel, Avenge, Sencor Herbicides registered in the 80s: SUs - Glean, Harmony, Express Stinger, Hoelon, Sonalan, Assert, Poast Herbicides registered in the 90s: Pursuit, Raptor, Accent (SU) Select, Discover, Puma, Starane, Liberty, Spartan History of Weed Resistance in ND #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 - ……….. History of Weed Resistance in ND #1 - ? #2 – Kochia - ALS (Express) – mid-late 80s #3 – Wild oat - ACCase (Hoelon/Puma) - early 90s #4 – Wild oat - ALS (Assert/Everest) - mid 90s #5 – Gr. Foxtail - DNA (Treflan/Sonalan) - mid-90s #6 – Nightshade, ragweed, waterhemp – ALS – 90s #7 – Kochia – Growth reg. (Banvel, Starane) – 2000s #8 – Ragweed, waterhemp, kochia – mid 2000s History of Weed Resistance in ND #1 – Kochia – 2,4-D #2 – Kochia - ALS (Express) - mid 80s #3 – Wild oat - ACCase (Hoelon/Puma) - early 90s #4 – Wild oat - ALS (Assert/Everest) - mid 90s #5 – Gr. Foxtail - DNA (Treflan/Sonalan) - mid-90s #6 – Nightshade, ragweed, waterhemp - ALS #7 – Kochia – Growth reg. (Banvel, Starane) #8 – Glyphosate R ragweed, waterhemp, kochia History of Weed Resistance in ND #1 – Kochia – 2,4-D #2 – Kochia - ALS (Express) - mid 80s #3 – Wild oat - ACCase (Hoelon/Puma) - early 90s #4 – Wild oat - ALS (Assert/Everest) - mid 90s #5 – Gr. Foxtail - DNA (Treflan/Sonalan) - mid-90s #6 – Nightshade, ragweed, waterhemp - ALS #7 – Kochia – Growth reg. (Banvel, Starane) #8 – Glyphosate R ragweed, waterhemp, kochia Herbicide Resistant Weeds in ND How many different herbicide resistant weeds in ND? 1. Green foxtail – 1, 3 = 2 2. Wild oat – 1, 2, 8, 26 = 4 3. Waterhemp – 2, 9 =2 4. Ragweed – 2, 9 =2 5. Kochia - 2, 4, 5, 9 =4 6. Lambsquarters – 2, 9 = 2 7. Black nightshade – 2 = 1 Total = 17 Kansas, 2007 - first state to confirm four species resistant to glyphosate Kansas Glyphosate R Weeds: Common ragweed 1. Common ragweed 2. Giant ragweed 3. Marestail (horseweed). 4. Waterhemp Kansas, 2007 - first state to confirm four species resistant to glyphosate Kansas Glyphosate R Weeds: Common ragweed 1. Common ragweed 2. Giant ragweed 3. Marestail (horseweed). 4. Waterhemp Areas and counties of ND and MN having confirmed and suspected glyphosate-resistant weeds 2007 Gly-R common ragweed Gly-R giant ragweed Gly-R waterhemp Provided by: Drs. Jeff Stachler, Jeff Gunsolus, Mike Christoffers, and Kirk Howatt Black symbols: confirmed resistant cases; Blue: highly suspected Glyphosate-resistant weeds in ND and MN GR wild oat-unconfirmed 2013 GR kochia GR horseweed / marestail GR kochia GR common ragweed GR giant ragweed GR waterhemp GR wild oat Provided by: Drs. Jeff Stachler, Jeff Gunsolus, Mike Christoffers, and Kirk Howatt GR ragweed & waterhemp Glyphosate-resistant kochia GR kochia 2013 Gly-R kochia Provided by: Drs. Jeff Stachler, Jeff Gunsolus, Mike Christoffers, and Kirk Howatt Black symbols: confirmed resistant cases; Blue: highly suspected Starane Resistant Kochia – 2013 = Starane (fluroxypyr) Glyphosate-resistant weeds in ND and MN 2017? GR horseweed / marestail GR kochia GR common ragweed GR giant ragweed GR waterhemp GR wild oat Provided by: Drs. Jeff Stachler, Jeff Gunsolus, Mike Christoffers, and Kirk Howatt 3 Fundamentals of Weed Resistance Management? 1. Use Foundation (PRE) Herbicide(s) 2. Make timely POST applications 3. Respect the “1” Respect The One! 12 plants / acre 12 plants / field 12 plants / sq ft Handweeding New Herbicide Technology Enlist RU Xtend (2,4-D) (dicamba) Kochia N F-E Ragweed E E Waterhemp P P-E Horseweed E E P. Amaranth P P-E What is the difference in usage? “Insanity: Doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results” Albert Einstein “You cannot solve a problem with the same level of thinking that created it” Albert Einstein “You cannot solve a problem created by a herbicide with another herbicide” Andrew Kniss, U of WY
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