࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࣭ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢ⏝ ⩚ᓥ Ⰻ୍ 1. ࡣࡌࡵ Fig. 1: ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓࡢཎ⌮ ┦ᑐㄽⓗ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣅ࣮࣒ࡢ⾪✺ ࡼࡾࠊ㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢගᏊ㸦X ⥺ࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺㸧 ࢆⓎ⏕ࡍࡿᡭἲࡣࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࣭ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ 㸦Laser Compton Scattering; LCS㸧ࡋ࡚▱ࡽࢀ [1] ࡚࠸ࡿ ࠋ㟁Ꮚຍ㏿ჾࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢᢏ⾡ࡀ㐍Ṍࡍ ࡿࡢకࡗ࡚ࠊLCS ࡢᢏ⾡ࡀⓎᒎࡋࠊ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡣࠊ [2] Duke Ꮫ HIJS ࠊරᗜ┴❧Ꮫ NewSUBARU 㟁Ꮚࡀ㐠ືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜࡶྠᵝࡢ⌧㇟ࢆ⪃ ࠼ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࠊ≉ࠊ┦ᑐㄽⓗ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࣞ ࣮ࢨ࣮ගᏊࡢᩓࢆ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࣭ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ ࡪࠋ ┦ᑐㄽⓗ㟁ᏊࡼࡿගᏊࡢᩓ⌧㇟ࡣࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ [3] ࡢࡼ࠺ࠊLCS-࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆᐃᖖⓗ࣮ࣘࢨ౪⤥ ࡍࡿタࡀ㐠㌿ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃ 㸦EU㸧ࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡋ࡚ࠊ࣌ࢱ࣡ࢵࢺ࣮ࣞࢨ ࣮ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆేタࡋࡓタ࡛࠶ࡿ ELI-NP [4] ࡀ࣮࣐ࣝࢽᘓタࡉࢀࡿ࡞ࠊLCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ ࡢᮇᚅࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ప࢚࣑ࢵࢱࣥࢫࡢ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࢆ㟁ὶ࡛ຍ㏿ ࡍࡿࡇࡢ࡛ࡁࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᅇᆺ ࣜࢽࢵࢡ㸦Energy-Recovery Linac; ERL㸧ࡣࠊ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ࡋ࡚ࡶ᭷⏝࡞ຍ㏿ჾ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᚑ ᮶ࡢタࢆࡁࡃୖᅇࡿࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫࠊ㍤ᗘࢆࡶࡗ ࡓ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢⓎ⏕ࢆྍ⬟ࡍࡿࠋᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ࡢ≉ᚩࢆ㏙ࡓᚋࠊ᰾≀㉁ࡢ㠀◚ ቯ ᐃࢆ୰ᚰࡋࡓ⏝ࡘ࠸࡚⤂ࡍࡿࠋ ࣮ࡢⓎ᫂௨๓ࡶࠊᏱᐂ࠾ࡅࡿ X ⥺ࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ [5] ࡢⓎ⏕ᶵᵓࡋ࡚◊✲ࡉࢀࡓ ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ࢚ࢿ ࣝࢠ࣮㐠ື㔞ࢆไᚚࡋࡓ≧ែ࡛ X ⥺ࡸ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ ࢆⓎ⏕ࡋࠊᗈ⠊࡞ศ㔝ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ◊✲ࡢࢶ࣮ࣝ ࡋ࡚⏝ࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ ࣮ࡢⓎ᫂௨㝆࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᭱ึࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࣭ࢥࣥࣉࢺ ࣥᩓࡢᐇ㦂ࡣࠊMaiman ࡽࡼࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢⓎ ᫂ࡽ㛫ࡶ࡞࠸ 1965 ᖺࠊ6GeV 㟁Ꮚ✚ࣜࣥ ࢢἼ㛗 694nm ࡢࣝࣅ࣮࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂 [6] ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ ࠋ ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࣭ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓࡢཎ⌮ࢆ Fig. 2 ♧ ࡍࠋᩓᚋࡢගᏊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸦EJ㸧ࡣࠊ㟁Ꮚ࠾ࡼ ࡧ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࠊᩓࡢᗄఱᏛⓗ᮲௳ ࡶ࡙ࡃ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ಖᏑ๎㐠ື㔞ಖᏑ๎ࡽ ୍ពỴࡲࡾࠊḟᘧ࡛࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ 2. ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࣭ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓࡣ X ⥺ࢆ≀㉁ධᑕࡋࡓ≀㉁୰ࡢ㟁Ꮚ࡛ᩓ ܧఊ = ܧ (1 െ ߚ cos ߠଵ) (2) 1 െ ߚ cos ߠ + (ܧ /ܧ )(1 െ cos ߠଶ ) ࡉࢀࡓ X ⥺ࡢἼ㛗ࡀධᑕ X ⥺ࡢἼ㛗ࡼࡾࡶ㛗ࡃ࡞ ࡿ⌧㇟ࡣࠊࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ㸦ࡲࡓࡣࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥຠ ᯝ㸧ࡋ࡚▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦Fig.1㸧ࠋࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ ࡛ࡣࠊධᑕ X ⥺ᩓ X ⥺ࡢἼ㛗ࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀOࠊ O’ࠊᩓゅᗘࢆTࡍࡿࠊࡇࢀࡽㅖ㔞ࡣḟᘧ࡛♧ ࡉࢀࡿ㛵ಀ࡛⤖ࡤࢀࡿࠋ ݄ (1 െ cos ߠ) (1) ȟɉ = ɉᇱ െ ɉ = ݉ܿ ࡇࡇ࡛ࠊh ࡣࣉࣛࣥࢡᐃᩘࠊm ࡣ㟁Ꮚ㉁㔞ࠊc ࡣ ┿✵୰ࡢග㏿࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㸫 Fig. 2: ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࣭ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓࡢཎ⌮ ࡇࡇ࡛ࠊEe ࡣ㟁Ꮚ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࠊEL ࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ග ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ Ꮚࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࠊș=v/c ࡣ㟁Ꮚࡢ㏿ᗘࠊゅᗘࡢᐃ Fig. 3 ࡣࠊἼ㛗 1064nm ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ 350 MeV ⩏ࡣ Fig.2 ࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋṇ㠃⾪✺㸦T1=S㸧ࡢሙ ࡢ㟁ࢆᕪゅᗘ 10 ᗘ࡛⾪✺ࡋࡓࡢᩓගᏊࡢ ྜࡣࠊᩓගᏊࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡣḟᘧ࡛㏆ఝ࡛ࡁ ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆࣔࣥࢸ࢝ࣝࣟࢥ࣮ࢻ CAIN ࢆ⏝࠸ ࡿࠋ ࡚ィ⟬ࡋࡓ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢥ࣓࣮ࣜࢱࢆᤄධࡋ࡚ᩓ [7] 4ߛ ଶ ܧ (3) ܧఊ ൎ 1 + (ߛߠ)ଶ + 4ߛ(ܧ /݉ܿ ଶ ) ྍどࡲࡓࡣ㉥እ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ MeV㹼GeV ࡢ㟁Ꮚ ゅࢆไ㝈ࡋࡓሙྜࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡶྜࢃࡏ࡚♧ࡋ ࣅ࣮࣒ࡢᩓ࡛ࡣࠊ㟁Ꮚࡢ㟼Ṇ⣔࠾ࡅࡿධᑕග ࢚࣑ࢵࢱࣥࢫࢆ 1mm-mrad ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢥ࣓ࣜ Ꮚࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀ㟁Ꮚࡢ㟼Ṇ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡼࡾࡶ ࣮ࢱࡢ㛤ཱྀ㸦༙ᚄ㸧ࡣJT=0.5, 0.2, 0.1 㑅ࢇࡔࠋ ༑ศᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿ㸦ᘧ(3)ࡢศẕࡢ➨ 3 㡯ࡀࢮࣟ ࢥ࣓࣮ࣜࢱࢆ⊃ࡃࡍࡿࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢ ࡳ ࡞ ࡏ ࡿ 㸧ࠋ ࡇ ࡢ ࠊ ග Ꮚ 㟁 Ꮚ ࡢ ᩓ ࡣ ࠊ ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝᖜࡀ⊃ࡃ࡞ࡾࠊࡸࡀ࡚ࠊࣆ࣮ࢡࡀ๐ࡽ Thomson ᩓ㸦㟁Ꮚࡢ㊴ࡢ࡞࠸ᙎᛶᩓ㸧࡛㏆ ࢀࡿᵝᏊࡀࢃࡿࠋ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊ⾪✺Ⅼࡢ㟁Ꮚ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢࢫ ࣏ࢵࢺࢧࢬࢆ 30Pm(rms)ࠊ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࡢつ᱁ ఝ࡛ࡁࠊᩓගᏊࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡣࠊ 0 < ܧఊ < ܧఊ௫ ࡛ࡽ࡞ศᕸࢆࡶࡘࠋ ⥺※ࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ࢆࡢග※ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ ᘧ㸦3㸧ࡽ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡼ࠺ᩓゅ㸦ȟ㸧ᩓ X ⥺㡿ᇦ࡛ࡣࠊࢩࣥࢡࣟࢺࣟࣥᨺᑕග㸦ࣥࢪ ගᏊࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀ┦㛵ࢆᣢࡘࠋᩓගᏊࡢ࢚ ࣮ࣗࣞࢱᨺᑕග㸧ศගჾࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡿࡇ ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡣࠊᚋ᪉ᩓ㸦ȟ=0㸧࡛࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮᭱ ࡛ࠊ༢Ⰽࡘ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ྍኚࡢගᏊࣅ࣮࣒ࡢⓎ⏕ ࡞ࡿࠋᩓගᏊࡢࣅ࣮࣒㍈ୖࢥ࣓࣮ࣜࢱ㸦ࢫ ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊⓎ⏕ྍ⬟࡞ගᏊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡣࠊ ࣜࢵࢺ㸧ࢆᤄධࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢᥞࡗࡓ ࠾࠾ࡴࡡ 100 keV ௨ୗ㝈ࡽࢀࡿࠋ1 MeV ௨ୖ ගᏊࣅ࣮࣒㸦‽༢Ⰽࣅ࣮࣒㸧ࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆࡶࡘගᏊ㸦࣐࢞ࣥ⥺㸧ࢆⓎ⏕ྍ⬟ ࡓࡔࡋࠊࢥ࣓࣮ࣜࢱࢆ⤠ࡾࡍࡂࡿࠊࣆ࣮ࢡ࢚ࢿ ࡞ග※ࡋ࡚ࠊཎᏊ⅔୰ᛶᏊࡢᤕ⋓࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡸ㟁 ࣝࢠ࣮㒊ࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝᐦᗘࡢపୗࢆࡲࡡࡃࠋࡇࢀ Ꮚ⥺ຍ㏿ჾࡢไືᨺᑕ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᤕ⋓࢞ࣥ ࡣࠊ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡀࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࠊ᭷㝈ࡢ ࣐⥺ࡣ⏝࠸ࡿཎᏊ᰾ᛂࡈỴࡲࡗࡓ࢚ࢿࣝ ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᗈࡀࡾ✵㛫ⓗᗈࡀࡾ㸦࢚࣑ࢵࢱࣥ ࢠ࣮ࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡋᚓࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠊࡲࡓࠊไືᨺᑕ ࢫࠊᅇᢡ㸧ࢆᣢࡘࡓࡵ⏕ࡌࡿ⌧㇟࡛࠶ࡿࠋᚑ᮶ࡢ ࡣ㍤ᗘࡢప࠸ⓑⰍ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࣭ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓࡼࡿ X ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࣭ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ X ⥺ࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※࡛ࡣࠊ ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᖜ 1㹼10%⛬ᗘࡢ‽༢Ⰽࣅ࣮࣒ࡀ⏝ ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺㡿ᇦࡢ⤖ᬗศගჾࡣࠊX ⥺⏝ࡢศගჾ ẚ࡚ࢡࢭࣉࢱࣥࢫࡀᑠࡉ࠸㸦ࢡࢭࣉࢱࣥ ࢫࡣࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡰẚࡍࡿ㸧ࡓࡵࠊไ ືᨺᑕ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡚༢Ⰽࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠺ሙྜࠊࢃ ࡎ࡞ࢫ࣮ࣝࣉࢵࢺࡋᚓࡽࢀࡎᐇ⏝ⓗ࡛࡞࠸ࠋ ࡇࢀᑐࡋ࡚ࠊLCS ࡛ࡣࠊᘧ(3)ࡸ Fig. 3 ࡽࢃ ࡿࡼ࠺ࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ྍኚࡘࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝᖜࢆ ไᚚࡋ࡚࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆⓎ⏕࡛ࡁࡿⅬ࡛ࠊᚑ᮶ࡢᤕ⋓ ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ࠊไືᨺᑕ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ࡼࡾࡶඃࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋ ௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡞⫼ᬒࡢࡶࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ྍኚࡘ ‽༢Ⰽࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆᐇ⏝ⓗⓎ⏕࡛ࡁࡿ၏୍ࡢ ග※ࡋ࡚ࠊLCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࠊ Fig. 3: LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢࠋ350 MeV 㟁Ꮚ 1064 nm ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ⾪✺ᩓࠋࢥ࣓࣮ࣜ ࢱࢆᤄධࡋࡓሙྜࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡶྜࢃࡏ࡚♧ࡍࠋ ཎᏊ᰾≀⌮◊✲ࡢࡓࡵᘓタࡉࢀࠊ㐠㌿ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁ ࡓ ࠋ ᅜ ෆ ࡛ ࡣ ⏘ ᴗ ᢏ ⾡ ⥲ ྜ ◊ ✲ ᡤ ࡢ TERAS 㸫 [8] LCS ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢ㍤ᗘࡣࠊࢩࣥࢡࣟࢺ 㸦0.8-GeV 㟁Ꮚ✚ࣜࣥࢢ㸧 ࠊරᗜ┴❧Ꮫࡢ [3] NewSUBARU㸦1.5-GeV 㟁Ꮚ✚ࣜࣥࢢ㸧 ࠊᅜ ࣟࣥᨺᑕග X ⥺ྠᵝࠊ༢㠃✚ࠊ༢❧యゅࠊ እ࡛ࡣ⡿ᅜ Duke Ꮫࡢ HIJS㸦1.2-GeV 㟁Ꮚ✚ ༢࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᖜ࠶ࡓࡾࡢⓎ⏕ගᏊࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫ [2] ࣜࣥࢢ㸧 ࡀࡑࡢ௦⾲࡛࠶ࡿࠋṧᛕ࡞ࡀࡽࠊTERAS ࡋ࡚ᐃ⩏࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࡢ㍤ᗘࡣࠊ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࣞ ࡣᮾ᪥ᮏ㟈⅏ࡢᚋࢩࣕࢵࢺࢲ࢘ࣥࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ ࣮ࢨ࣮ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࢧࢬゅᗘᗈࡀࡾ౫Ꮡࡍ ࡗࡓࡀࠊNewSUBARUࠊHIJS ࡣࠊᐃᖖⓗ㐠㌿ ࡿࡀࠊ㏻ᖖࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࡛ࡣࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ࢚࣑ࢵ ࡉࢀࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࣅ࣮࣒ࢆ࣮ࣘࢨ౪⤥ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࢱࣥࢫ㸦Ἴ㛗࡛ỴࡲࡿゅᗘⓎᩓ㸧ࡣ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࡢ つ᱁࢚࣑ࢵࢱࣥࢫࡼࡾࡶ༑ศᑠࡉ࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊLCS 3. LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫࠊ㍤ᗘࠊ ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢ㍤ᗘ㸦B㸧ࡣ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࡢつ᱁࢚࣑ ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᖜ ࢵࢱࣥࢫᨭ㓄ࡉࢀࠊḟᘧࡢࡼ࠺࠶ࡽࢃࡉࢀ LCS ග※ࡢࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫ㸦㹄㸧ࡣࠊ㟁Ꮚ࣮ࣞࢨ ࡿࠋ ࣮ࡢ⾪✺ᐦᗘ㢖ᗘࠊࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓࡢ᩿㠃✚࡛ Ỵࡲࡿࠋ㟁Ꮚ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡀ↔Ⅼࡢ๓ᚋ࡛ᶓ᪉ྥࡢ (ܤph/mm2 mrad2 s 0.1%BW) ൎ ࢧࢬࢆኚ࠼ࡿຠᯝ㸦◁ィຠᯝ㸹hourglass effect㸧ࢆ↓ど࡛ࡁࡿ᮲௳࡛ࡣࠊ㟁Ꮚ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ ࡢᕪゅԄ = Ɏ െ ߠଵࡋࡓࠊLCS ග※ࡢࣇࣛࢵ ࢡࢫࡣḟᘧ࡛⾲ࡉࢀࡿࠋ㸦ᕪࡣࠊx െ zᖹ㠃ࡍ ࡿ㸧 ଶ 2ߨටߪ,௬ + ଶ ට൫ߪ ଶ ߪ,௬ ,௫ ଶ + ߪ,௫ ൯cosଶ (߶/2) + (5) ࢩࣜࢥࣥࡸࢤ࣐ࣝࢽ࣒࢘ࢆࡗࡓ⤖ᬗศගჾ ࢆ⏝࠸ࢀࡤࠊ1 MeV ௨ୖࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ X ⥺ྠᵝ༢Ⰽࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢࣛ ࢚࣭࢘ࣛࣥࢪࣦࣗࣥ◊✲ᡤ㸦ILL㸧࡛ࡣཎᏊ⅔ ߪ ݂ܰ ܰ cos(߶/2) =ܨ ܨ 0.1% ߝଶ × (4) ଶ ൫ߪ,௭ ଶ + ߪ,௭ ൯sinଶ (߶/2) ࡇࡇ࡛ࠊVc ࡣࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓࡢ᩿㠃✚ࠊf ࡣ⾪✺ ୰ᛶᏊᤕ⋓࣐࢞ࣥ⥺㸦ᩘⓒ keV-6 MeV㸧ࢆ 10-5 㢖ᗘࠊNeࠊNL ࡣࣃࣝࢫ࠶ࡓࡾࡢ㟁Ꮚᩘ࣮ࣞࢨ 㹼10-6 ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ศゎ⬟࡛༢Ⰽࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ⤖ ࣮ගᏊᩘࠊVeࠊVL ࡣ⾪✺Ⅼ࠾ࡅࡿ㟁Ꮚ࣮ࣞࢨ ᬗศගჾࡀ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ ࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺ ࣮ࡢ rms ࢧࢬ㸦x,y,z ᪉ྥ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㟁Ꮚࣂࣥࢳ㛗ߪ,௭ ࠊ↔Ⅼࡢ࣮࣋ࢱࢺࣟࣥ㛵ᩘߚ௫ࠊ כ ࡞ศගჾࡢࢫ࣮ࣝࣉࢵࢺࡣࠊ⤖ᬗࡢࢡࢭࣉࢱࣥ ࣞ ࣮ ࢨ ࣮ ࣃ ࣝ ࢫ 㛗 ߪ,௭ ࠊ ࣞ ࣮ ࣜ ࣮ 㛗 ܼோ ࡀ ࠊ ㍤ᗘᕥྑࡉࢀࡿࠋ10-keV X ⥺ࢆ Si ⤖ᬗ㸦111㸧 ߪ,௭ ا ߚ௫ߪ ࠊ כ,௭ [10] ࢫධᑕࡍࡿ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊ ܼ اோ ࢆ ‶ ࡓ ࡍ ࡁ ࠊ hourglass 㠃࡛ᅇᢡࡍࡿࡢࢡࢭࣉࢱࣥࢫ㸦Darwin curve effect ࢆ↓どࡋ࡚ࡼ࠸ࡀࠊࡑ࠺࡛࡞࠸ሙྜࡣࠊ ࡢᖜ㸧ࡣ 26 Prad ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣥࢪ࣮ࣗࣞࢱᨺᑕࡢ hourglass effect ࡼࡿࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫࡢపୗࢆ⿵ṇ ゅᗘᗈࡀࡾࡣࡇࡢ್ࡼࡾࡶᑠࡃࠊࣥࢪ࣮ࣗࣞࢱ ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸[9]ࠋ ᨺᑕගࡣศගჾࡢࢫ࣮ࣝࣉࢵࢺࢆᦆ࡞ࢃ࡞࠸ࡔ [11] Ⓨ⏕࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫࢆࡁࡃࡍࡿࡓࡵ ࡅࡢ㍤ᗘࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ࠋ⤖ᬗᅇᢡࡢࢡࢭࣉࢱ ࡣࠊ㟁ὶࡢ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ ࣥࢫࡣࠊගᏊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡰẚࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ ࡽࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※࡛ࡣࠊ㟁Ꮚ✚ ILL ࡢ⤖ᬗศගჾࡢࢡࢭࣉࢱࣥࢫࡣ 2 MeV ࡛ ࣜࣥࢢࡀ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ㟁Ꮚ 10 nrad 㠀ᖖᑠࡉ࡞್࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ ✚ࣜࣥࢢᇶ࡙ࡃ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ࡣࠊࡑࡢᛶ⬟ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ࡣ㍤ᗘࡀ༑ศ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ⤖ ཎ⌮ⓗ࡞㝈⏺ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࡢ࢚ ᬗศගჾ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡓ⏝ࡣ⾜ࢃࢀࡎࠊࡶࡗࡥ ࣑ࢵࢱࣥࢫࡢ㝈⏺ࠊ㔞Ꮚບ㉳㸦࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢᩓ ࡽࠊࢥ࣓࣮ࣜࢱࡼࡿ༢Ⰽࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ ࡼࡿ㟁Ꮚࡀ࠺ࡅࡿ㊴స⏝㸧ࡼࡾⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ㟁 LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆࢥ࣓࣮ࣜࢱ࡛༢Ⰽࡍࡿሙྜࠊ Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᗈࡀࡾࡢ㝈⏺⏤᮶ࡍࡿ ࡑࡢ༢Ⰽᗘࡣ㝈⏺ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ༢Ⰽᛶࢆᦆ࡞࠺せᅉ ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣅ࣮࣒ࡀ 㸫 ༢Ⰽ࡛࡞ࡃ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᗈࡀࡾࢆࡶࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࠊ ࢃࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞᮲௳ࢆ‶ࡓࡍຍ㏿ჾࡋ࡚ࠊ ⾪✺Ⅼ࠾࠸࡚㟁Ꮚ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡀ᭷㝈ࡢゅᗘᗈ ERL ࡣ᭱㐺࡞⨨࡛࠶ࡿ ࠋERL ᇶ࡙ࡃ LCS ࡀࡾࢆᣢࡘࡓࡵ⏕ࡌࡿ⾪✺ゅᗘᩓゅᗘࡢ ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ࡀࠊᚑ᮶ࡢ⨨ࢆࡣࡿୖᅇࡿࣇࣛ ΰྜࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢຠᯝࢆྵࢇࡔ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ ࢵࢡࢫࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࠊ᰾≀㉁ࡢ㠀◚ቯ ᐃࢆࡣࡌࡵ [13] [12] ⥺ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᗈࡀࡾࡣḟᘧ࡛⾲ࡉࢀࡿ ࠋ ࡋࡓᵝࠎ࡞ศ㔝ᛂ⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡇࡀᥦࡉࢀ࡚ οܧఊ ܧఊ ࠸ࡿ ସ [14,15] ࠋ ସ ȟܧ ଶ ߝ ȟߥ ଶ ܯଶ ߣ = ඨ(ߛߠ)ଶ + 4 ൬ ൰ +ቆ ቇ +൬ ൰ +ቆ ቇ ܧ ߪ,௫ 4ߨߪ,௫ ߥ (6) ࡇࡇ࡛ࠊJࡣ㟁Ꮚࡢ┦ᑐㄽᅉᏊࠊTࡣࢥ࣓࣮ࣜࢱࡢ 㛤ཱྀࠊ'Q/Qࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගᏊࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᗈࡀࡾ㸦ᖏ ᇦ㸧ࠊM2 ࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ㞟ගᛶ⬟ࡢᣦᶆ㸦༢୍ࡢᶓ ࣮ࣔࢻ࡛ M2=1㸧ࠊOࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢἼ㛗࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⡆ Fig. 4: ERL ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮✚⨨ᇶ࡙ࡃ࣮ࣞ ࢨ࣮ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ࡢᴫᛕᅗ ༢ࡢࡓࡵࠊ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣅ࣮࣒ࡶ x,y ᑐ⛠ࡋࡓࠋ Fig. 4 ERL-LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ࡢᴫᛕᅗࢆ♧ࡍࠋ ERL ࡣ LCS Ⓨ⏕ࢃࢀࡓ㟁Ꮚࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆ 㟁Ꮚ✚ࣜࣥࢢ࡛ࡣࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ⾪✺ᩓ ᅇࡋࠊࡇࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆ᪂ࡋ࠸㟁Ꮚࡢຍ㏿ ࡼࡿ㟁Ꮚࡢ㊴㸦㔞Ꮚບ㉳㸧ࡀ࿘ᅇࡈ✚ࡍ ⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ㟁ὶప࢚࣑ࢵࢱࣥࢫࢆ୧❧ ࡿຠᯝࡀຍࢃࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ㟁Ꮚࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᗈࡀࡾ ࡍࡿࠋLCS ࡢࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫቑࡣࠊ⾪✺Ⅼ࠾ࡅ ࡀࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࡇࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡼࡿ࢞ ࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගᏊࡢᐦᗘࡶࡁࡃࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ ࣐ࣥ⥺࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢᗈࡀࡾࡶ↓ど࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋHIJS ࡞࠸ࡀࠊࡇࡢࡓࡵࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮✚⨨ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋ ࡛ࡣࠊ㏻ᖖࠊ5%㸦FWHM㸧⛬ᗘࡢ‽༢Ⰽ࣐࢞ࣥ ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮✚㸦laser enhancement cavity㸧ࡣࠊ ⥺ࡀ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 㧗ᑕ⋡ࡢ㙾࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿගඹჾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋእ㒊 ୍᪉ࠊERL-LCS ࡛ࡣ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ ࡢ࣮ࣔࢻࣟࢵࢡ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓࣃࣝࢫิࢆ ࡋ࡚ࠊつ᱁ rms ࢚࣑ࢵࢱࣥࢫHn=1 mm-mradࠊ ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮✚⨨ධᑕࡍࡿࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ⧞ࡾ ⾪✺Ⅼࡢࣅ࣮࣒ࢧࢬVe=30 Pm ࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᗈ ㏉ࡋගඹჾࡢ 㛫ࢆ⢭ᐦ୍⮴ࡉࡏࢀ ࡀࡾ'Ee/Ee=0.03%㸦rms㸧ࢆ௬ᐃࡍࡿࠊ࢚࣑ࢵ ࡤࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃࣝࢫิࢆ㔜ࡡྜࢃࡏ࡚ᙉᗘ ࢱࣥࢫࡢຠᯝ࡛⏕ࡌࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᗈࡀࡾ㸦ྑ㎶➨ ✚ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ඹჾࡢタィไ 㸱㡯㸧ࡣ 0.11%㸦rms㸧 ࠊ㟁Ꮚࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᗈࡀࡾ ᚚ᪉ἲࢆᕤኵࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊቑಸ⋡㸦ධᑕ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ ࡢᐤ㸦ྑ㎶➨㸰㡯㸧ࡣ 0.06%㸦rms㸧ồࡵࡽ ࣃ࣮࣡✚࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃ࣮࣡ࡢẚ㸧ࡀ 1000 ࢆ㉸ ࢀࠊ⊃ᖏᇦࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࢀࡤࠊ࢚ࢿࣝ ࠼ࠊᖹᆒࣃ࣮࣡670 kW ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ✚࡛ࡁࡿ ࢠ࣮ᖜ 0.5%௨ୗࡢ⊃ᖏᇦ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺⏕ᡂࡀྍ ⨨ࡶᐇ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ࠋ [16] ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡿࠋ 5. LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᰾✀ࡢ㠀◚ቯ ᐃ 4. ERL ᇶ࡙ࡃ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ࡢᥦ ๓⠇࡛♧ࡋࡓຍ㏿ჾㄢࡏࡽࢀࡿ᮲௳ࢆࡲ ཎᏊຊࢆᖹ┠ⓗࡢࡳ⏝ࡋࠊ᰾≀㉁ࡢරჾ ࡵࡿࠊLCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫࢆࡁࡃࡍࡿ ࡢ㌿⏝ࢆᢚṆࡍࡿࡇࢆᢸಖࡍࡿᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ά ࡣ㟁ὶࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡉࡽ㍤ᗘ༢Ⰽᛶࡢ ືࡋ࡚ಖ㞀ᥐ⨨ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋಖ㞀ᥐ⨨ࡢ୰࡛㔜せ࡞ ྥୖࡣ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࡢ࢚࣑ࢵࢱࣥࢫ㟁Ꮚࡢ࢚ ᢏ⾡ࡢࡦࡘࡀࠊ᰾≀㉁ࡢィ㔞⟶⌮ࡸᰝᐹࡢࡓࡵ ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᗈࡀࡾࢆᑠࡉࡃࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࡀ ࡢ᰾✀ ᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࢸࣟࣜࢫࢺ➼ࡼࡿ᰾ 㸫 ≀㈨ࡸᨺᑕᛶ≀㉁ࡢᝏ⏝ࢆᢚṆࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢྲྀࡾ ཎᏊ᰾࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢ┦స⏝ࡢࡦࡘࡋ࡚ࠊ ⤌ࡳࡋ࡚ࠕ᰾ࢭ࢟ࣗࣜࢸࠖࡢ㔜せᛶࡀᅜ㝿ⓗ ཎ Ꮚ ᰾ ඹ 㬆 ⺯ ග ᩓ 㸦 Nuclear Resonance ㄆ▱ࡉࢀࠊ㈌≀୰㞃࠸ࡉࢀࡓ᰾≀㉁➼ࡢ㠀 Fluorescence; NRF㸧ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋNRF ࡣࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ ◚ቯ᳨▱ᢏ⾡ࡢᐇ⏝ྥࡅࡓ◊✲㛤Ⓨࡀᅜෆ ࢆඹ㬆ⓗ྾ࡋࡓཎᏊ᰾ࡀࠊࡑࡢ┤ᚋࠊ྾ እ࡛㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ྠࡌ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆᨺฟࡍ ᰾✀ࡢ ᐃ㸦᳨▱ࢆྵࡴ㸧ࡣࠊࡁࡃศࡅ࡚ ࡿ⌧㇟࡛࠶ࡿ㸦Fig. 5 ཧ↷㸧ࠋཎᏊ᰾ࡢඹ㬆≧ែࡣ ◚ቯ ᐃ㠀◚ቯ ᐃࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࠊࣃࢵ ᰾✀ᅛ᭷ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮‽ࢆࡶࡘࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡢඹ ࢩࣈἲࢡࢸࣈἲࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ◚ቯ ᐃࡣࠊ ᐃ 㬆ᩓ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺㸦NRF㸧ࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ᰾✀ ヨᩱࡢ୍㒊ࢆྲྀࡾฟࡋ࡚㸦ࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࡋ࡚㸧ࠊ ࢆྠᐃࡋࡓ࠺࠼࡛ࠊࡑࡢ᰾✀ࢆ᳨▱ࠊࡲࡓࡣᐃ㔞 Ꮫⓗࡲࡓࡣ≀⌮ⓗ࡞᪉ἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ヨᩱྵࡲ ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ ࠋࡉࡁ♧ࡋࡓ᰾✀ ᐃࡢศ ࢀࡿඖ⣲ࡸ᰾✀ࢆྠᐃࡲࡓࡣᐃ㔞ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ 㢮࡛ࡣࠊ㠀◚ቯࡢࢡࢸࣈ ᐃ࠶ࡓࡿࠋLCS ࡿࠋ㠀◚ቯ ᐃࡣࠊヨᩱࢆቯࡉࡎ㸦ヨᩱ┤᥋ゐ ࢞ ࣥ ࣐ ⥺ NRF ᇶ ࡙ ࡃ 㠀 ◚ ቯ ᐃ ᢏ ⾡ ࢀࡎ㸧ศᯒࢆ⾜࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣃࢵࢩࣈἲࡣࠊ 㸦non-destructive assay; NDA㸧ࢆࠊLCS ࣐࢞ࣥ ヨᩱࡀࡶࡘᨺᑕ⬟㸦࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࠊ୰ᛶᏊ࡞㸧ࢆ [13] ⥺ NDA ࡪࡇࡍࡿࠋ ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊᨺᑕ⬟ࡢ⏤᮶࡛࠶ࡿ᰾✀ࢆ᳨▱ࠊ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ NDA ࡣࠊ࠼ࡤࠊ㈌≀୰㞃 ᐃ㔞ࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ᪉ࡢࢡࢸࣈἲࡣࠊእ ࠸ࡉࢀࡓ᰾≀㉁ࢆ ‴࠾࠸᳨࡚▱ࡋࠊᅜቃࢆࡲ 㒊ࡽᨺᑕ⥺㸦࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡸ୰ᛶᏊ㸧ࢆ↷ᑕࡋ࡚ࠊ ࡓ࠸࡛ࢸࣟࣜࢫࢺࡀ᰾≀㉁ࢆṇᣢࡕ㎸ࡴ㸦ᣢ ࡇࡢᨺᑕ⥺ヨᩱྵࡲࢀࡿ᰾✀ࡢ᰾ᛂ࡛Ⓨ ࡕฟࡍ㸧ࡇࢆᢚṆࡋࡓࡾࠊ⏝῭⇞ᩱ୰ྵࡲ ⏕ࡍࡿḟᨺᑕ⥺ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ ᐃἲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࢀࡿ Pu-239 ࡞ࡢ᰾≀㉁ࢆ ᐃࡋࠊࡇࢀࡽ᰾≀ ཎᏊ⅔⏝῭⇞ᩱࡢฎ⌮ᕤሙ࡛ࡣࠊ⏝῭⇞ ㉁ࡀ᰾රჾ㌿⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿ ᩱࢆ◪㓟⁐ᾮ୰⁐ゎࡋࡓᚋࠊ᰾ศ⏕ᡂ≀࢘ ࡞ࠊ᰾ࢭ࢟ࣗࣜࢸࠊಖ㞀ᥐ⨨ࡢศ㔝ᗈࡃᛂ ࣛࣥࠊࣉࣝࢺࢽ࣒࢘ࢆศ㞳ࠊᢳฟࡍࡿࣉࣟࢭࢫࡀ ⏝࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࠋ⁐ᾮ୰ࡢ࢘ࣛࣥࠊࣉࣝࢺࢽ࣒࢘⃰ᗘࡣ Fig. 6 LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ NDA ࡢᶍᘧᅗࢆ♧ࡍࠋ ྠ୍ࡢࣂࢵࢳ୰࡛ᆒ୍ᛶࡀಖドࡉࢀࠊࡘࠊࢧࣥ ᐃࡍࡁ᰾✀ࡢບ㉳࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮➼ࡋ࠸࢞ࣥ ࣉࣜࣥࢢࡀᐜ࡛᫆࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ◚ቯ ᐃࢆ⏝ࡋ ࣐⥺ࢆ↷ᑕࡍࡿࠊࡑࡢ᰾✀ࡢࡳ࡛᰾ඹ㬆⺯ගᩓ ࡚ࠊ࢘ࣛࣥࠊࣉࣝࢺࢽ࣒࢘ࡢィ㔞⟶⌮ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢࠊᩓ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࢀᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ⏝῭⇞ᩱ㞟ྜయࡢࡼ ࣮ࢆィ ࡍࡿࡇ࡛㠀◚ቯ࡛᰾✀ࡢ ᐃࡀ࡛ࡁ ࠺ࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ሙྜࠊࡉࡽࠊ⚟ᓥ ࡿࠋ ➨୍ཎᏊຊⓎ㟁ᡤᨾࡼࡗ࡚Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ⁐⼥⇞ ᩱࡢࡼ࠺ヨᩱࡢᆒ୍ᛶࡀ᫂࡞ሙྜࡣࠊ㠀◚ ቯ ᐃࡢᢏ⾡ࡀᚲせ࡞ࡿࠋ௨ୗ㏙ࡿࡼ࠺ ࠊLCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡣ᰾✀ࡢ㠀◚ቯ ᐃࡢࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ ࡋ࡚ᴟࡵ࡚᭷⏝࡞ᢏ⾡࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㻞㻟㻥 㻼㼡 ᅛ᭷䛾ບ㉳≧ែ ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ >NH9@ 㻞㻟㻡 㼁 ᅛ᭷䛾ບ㉳≧ែ 2+ ༢ⰍȚ⥺ 2657 2464 2143 2003 1815 1733 ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ㄪᩚ Ț⥺྾ 2+ 0+ ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ᙉᗘ Ț⥺ᨺฟ 846 0 56 Fe Ț⥺྾ 1/2+ 239 0 Pu 7/2 Ț⥺ᨺฟ - Fig. 6: LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ NDA ࡢᴫᛕᅗ 0 235 U Fig. 5: ཎᏊ᰾ඹ㬆⺯ගᩓࡢཎ⌮. 㸫 LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ NDA ࡣࠊ௨ୗࡢඃࢀࡓ≉ᚩࢆࡶ ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆヨᩱ↷ᑕࡍࡿࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡣヨᩱ ୰ࡢ≀㉁ࡢ┦స⏝ࡼࡾࠊヨᩱࡢධᚑ ࡗ࡚ᙉᗘࡀῶ⾶ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋῶ⾶ࡢࡁࡉࡣࠊ㉁㔞 1. ᩓ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡ㏆ഐ࡛ࡣࣂࢵࢢࢢࣛࣥ ࢻࡀཎ⌮ⓗప࠸ࡇࠋ᰾ඹ㬆⺯ගᩓ௨እ ࡢ㏻ᖖࡢᩓ࡛ࡣࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡣᚲࡎ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ ࣮ࢆኻ࠺ࡓࡵࠊFig. 7 ࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢫ ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢప࠸㒊ศ ࣂࢵࢡࢢࣛࣥࢻࡋ࡚ฟ⌧ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ ᰾ඹ㬆⺯ගᩓ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺㏆ഐ࡛ࡣࣂࢵࢡࢢࣛ ࣥࢻࡀప࠸ࠋ 2. 㧗࠸㏱㐣ຊࠋ ᮏ ᐃἲ࡛ࡣ 2㹼5MeV ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝ ࢠ࣮ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢ≀㉁ࡢ㏱㐣ຊࡣ㧗ࡃࠊࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞ ࢩࣙࣥィ⟬ࡢ⤖ᯝ࡛ࡣࠊ ཌࡉ 10cm ⛬ᗘࡢ㖄ࠊ ཌࡉ 30cm ⛬ᗘࡢỈࢆ㏱㐣ࡋ࡚ Pu-239 ࡀィ ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 3. ྠయࢆ ᐃྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿⅬࠋඖ⣲ࡣ୰ᛶᏊ ᩘࡀ␗࡞ࡿྠయࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊྠయ ࡼࡗ࡚ບ㉳≧ែࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡓࡵࠊ Pu-239 Pu-240 ➼ࡢྠయࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀィ ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 4. Ꮫᙧែ౫Ꮡࡏࡎࠊࡲࡓᙧ≧ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ ࡃ࠸ࠋཎᏊ᰾ࡑࡢࡶࡢࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ Ꮫᙧែࡣ౫Ꮡࡋ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢ㏱ 㐣ຊࡀ㧗࠸ࡓࡵᙧ≧ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡃ࠸ࠋ ࢝࢘ࣥࢺᩘ 250 200 ࣂࢵࢡࢢࣛࣥࢻ 㖄ࡢ᰾ඹ㬆⺯ගᩓȚ⥺ ῶ⾶ಀᩘ㸦mass attenuation constant㸧࡛♧ࡉࢀ ࡿࠋධᑕ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫࢆ I0(ph/s)ࠊ㉁㔞 ῶ⾶ಀᩘࢆP(cm2/g)ࠊヨᩱࡢᐦᗘࢆȨ(g/cm3)ࡍ ࡿࠊ⾲㠃ࡽ x(cm)ࡢ⨨࡛ࡢῶ⾶ᚋࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ ⥺ࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫ I(x) (ph/s)ࡣ ߤ ܫ = )ݔ(ܫ exp ൬െ ݔ൰ (7) ߩ ⾲ࡉࢀࡿࠋ㉁㔞ῶ⾶ಀᩘࡣࠊNRF ࡢᐤPNRF ࡑࢀ௨እࡢᐤPothers ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ߤ = ߤேோி + ߤ௧௦ (8) U-238 ࡢ 2.176 MeV ࡢບ㉳‽࠾ࡅࡿ NRF ࡢ ඹ㬆ᖜࢆ 1eVࠊ᩿㠃✚ࢆߪேோி = 40b㸦ࣂ࣮ࣥ㸧 ࡍࡿࠊNRF ࡼࡿ㉁㔞ῶ⾶ಀᩘࡣࠊ ߪேோி ܰ cm2 ߤேோி = = 1.0 × 10ିଵ( ) (9) ܣ g ࡞ࡿࠋNA ࡣ࣎࢞ࢻࣟᩘࠊA ࡣ㉁㔞ᩘ㸦A=238㸧 ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊNRF ௨እࡢ┦స⏝㸦ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥ ᩓࠊග㟁ຠᯝࠊᑐ⏕ᡂ࡞㸧ࡼࡿ࢘ࣛࣥࡢ㉁ [16] 㔞ῶ⾶ಀᩘࡣࠊࢹ࣮ࢱࣈࢵࢡ ࡞࡛ㄪࡿࡇ ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊ2.176MeV ࠾࠸࡚ cm2 ߤ௧௦ = 4.7 × 10ିଶ ( ) g ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ (10) ༢㛫࠶ࡓࡾࡢ NRF ࡢ࣋ࣥࢺᩘࡣࠊῶ⾶ ࡛ኻࢃࢀࡿ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢᩘࢆ㉁㔞ῶ⾶ಀᩘ࡛ẚ 150 㓄ศࡍࢀࡤồࡵࡽࢀࠊ 100 61 ࡀⰋ࠸ ܰேோி 50 = ܫ ൭1 െ exp ൬െ ߤேோி + ߤ௧௦ ߤேோி ݔ൰൱ ߩ ߤ௧௦ + ߤேோி (11) 0 5000 6000 ィ⟬࡛ࡁࡿࠋୖᘧ࠾࠸࡚ࠊI0 ࡣࠊNRF ࡢඹ㬆 7000 ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮>NH9@ ᖜ㸦1 eV㸧ྵࡲࢀࡿࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫࡢ್ࢆධࢀ࡞ࡅ Fig. 7: ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࣭ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓȚ⥺࡛ィ ࡉ ࢀࡓ㖄 208 ࡢ᰾ඹ㬆⺯ගᩓࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢫ࣌ࢡ [15] ࢺࣝࡢ ࠋᶓ㍈ࡣȚ⥺ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࠊ⦪㍈ࡣ࢝ ࢘ࣥࢺᩘࠋᩓȚ⥺㏆ഐ࡛ࡣ S/N ࡀⰋ࠸ࡇࡀศ ࡿࠋ ࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋヨᩱࡋ࡚ࠊཌࡳࢆ 5 cm ࡢ㔠ᒓ ࢘ࣛࣥ㸦ᐦᗘࢆ 19 g/cm3㸧ࢆ௬ᐃࡍࡿࠊᚑ᮶ ࡢ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝᐦᗘ 㸦1eV ࠶ࡓ ࡾ ࡢ ࣇ ࣛ ࢵ ࢡ ࢫ 㸧 ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ 1ph/eV/s ࡛ ࡣ ࠊ NNRF=0.026/s ࡞ࡿࠋNRF ᩓ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢヨᩱ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ NDA ࡢලయࡋ࡚ࠊU-238㸦㔠 ୰࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ᕫ྾ࠊ᳨ฟჾࡢ᭷㝈࡞❧యゅ᳨ ᒓ㸧ࡢ ᐃ࠾ࡅࡿ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢ࢝࢘ࣥࢺᩘࢆぢ✚ ฟຠ⋡ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࢀࡤࠊᐇ㝿᳨ฟ࡛ࡁࡿ NRF ࡶࡗ࡚ࡳࡿࠋ ࣋ࣥࢺᩘࡣᩘⓒ⛊ 1 ಶ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫ 1013ph/s ࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆⓎ⏕ྍ⬟࡞ ERL-LCS ࡀᐇ 㸫 ⌧ࡍࢀࡤࠊ107ph/eV/s ࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝᐦᗘࡀᚓࡽ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ NDA ࡛⏝࠸ࡿ 2㹼5MeV 㡿 ࢀࠊ ᐃࡍࡁ᰾✀ࡢ⃰ᗘࡀప࠸ሙྜࡘ࠸࡚ ᇦࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺≀㉁ࡢ┦స⏝ࡣࠊග㟁྾ࠊ ࡶࠊᐇ⏝ⓗ࡞ ᐃ㛫࡛ NDA ࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡿࠋ ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓࠊ㟁Ꮚ㝧㟁Ꮚᑐ⏕ᡂ࡞ࡀ࠶ࡿ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ NDA ࢆ᰾≀㉁ࡢ ᐃᛂ⏝ࡍࡿ ࡀࠊࡇࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㡿ᇦ࡛᭱ࡶ᩿㠃✚ࡀࡁ࠸ࡢ ࠊ ᐃࢆጉᐖࡍࡿ⌧㇟ࡋ࡚ࠊヨᩱ⮬㌟ࡢᨺᑕ ࡀࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ࡛࠶ࡿࠋLCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢヨᩱ ⬟࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢᙎᛶᩓࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢጉᐖ ࡼࡿࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ㸦ヨᩱ୰ࡢ㟁Ꮚࡼࡿᩓ ㇟ࡑࡢᑐ⟇ࢆ௨ୗ㏙ࡿࠋ 㸧࡛ࡣࠊᩓ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡣධᑕ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡼࡾࡶᑠ ཎᏊ⅔⏝῭⇞ᩱࡢࡼ࠺ࠊヨᩱ⮬㌟ࡀ㧗࠸ᨺ ࡉ࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆᣢࡗ࡚ᩓࡉࢀࡿࠋࡾࢃࡅࠊ ᑕ⬟ࢆࡶࡘሙྜࠊࡑࡢᨺᑕ⬟ࡀ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ ධᑕ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ᑐࡋ࡚ᚋ᪉ᩓ࡞ࡿ⨨࢞ NDA ࠾ࡅࡿ ᐃࡢጉࡆ࡞ࡿࠋヨᩱࡢ㧗࠸ᨺ ࣐ࣥ⥺᳨ฟჾࢆ⨨࠸ࡓሙྜࡣࠊධᑕ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ ᑕ⬟ࡣࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢࣂࢵࢡࢢࣛ࢘ࣥࢻ ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᕪࡀࡁ ࢆቑࡸࡋ࡚ ᐃࡢ S/N ࢆᝏࡉࡏࡿࡇࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ ࡃ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊධᑕ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ྠࡌ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆࡶ ⥺᳨ฟჾࡢࣃࣝࢵࣉࢆᣍࡃࡇࡢ୧⪅ࡽ ࡘ NRF ಙྕ༊ูࡀᐜ᫆࡞ࡾࠊS/N ࢆࡁࡃ ᐃࢆ㜼ᐖࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡿࠋ ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸦Fig. 7 ཧ↷㸧ࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡢၥ㢟ࡣࠊඹ㬆㏱㐣ἲ㸦witness plate ࡇࢀࡽࡢ┦స⏝ຍ࠼࡚ࠊ᩿㠃✚ࡣᑠࡉ࠸ࡶ ἲࠊࣀࢵࢳἲࡶࡪ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡛ゎỴ࡛ࡁ ࡢࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡀ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆࢇኚ࠼ࡎ ࡿࠋFig. 8 ඹ㬆㏱㐣ἲࡢᴫᛕࢆ♧ࡍࠋඹ㬆㏱㐣 ᩓࡉࢀࡿ⌧㇟㸦ᙎᛶᩓ㸧ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋMeV ࢞ ἲ࡛ࡣࠊධᑕ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢ ᐃᑐ㇟≀୰࠾ࡅࡿඹ ࣐ࣥ⥺ࡢᙎᛶᩓࡣࠊ࣮࣮ࣞࣜᩓࠊཎᏊ᰾ࢺ 㬆྾㔞㸦≉ᐃྠయᅛ᭷ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡛ࡢ᰾ඹ ࣒ࢯࣥᩓ㸦nuclear Thomson scattering㸧 ࠊࢹࣝ 㬆⺯ගᛂ㔞㸧ࢆࠊィ ࡍࡁ≀㉁ࢆ᪤▱㔞ྵࢇ ࣈࣜࣗࢵࢡᩓ㸦Delbrück scattering㸧ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡔヨᩱ㸦witness plateࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࣀࢵࢳࣇ࢛ࣝ㸧 ࣮࣮ࣞࣜᩓࡣ㟁Ꮚࡼࡿගࡢᩓ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ᩿ [17] 㠃✚ࡣග࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢ 3 ẚࡋ࡚ᑠࡉࡃ࡞ ࡽࡢඹ㬆ᩓࡢῶᑡ㔞ࡋ࡚ ᐃࡍࡿ ࠋ ࡇࡢᡭἲ࡛ࡣࠊ ᐃᑐ㇟≀ࢆ┤᥋ィ ࡋ࡞࠸ࡓ ࡿࠋཎᏊ᰾ࢺ࣒ࢯࣥᩓࡣࠊཎᏊ᰾ࡢ㟁Ⲵࡼࡿ ࡵࠊ ᐃᑐ㇟≀ࡀከ㔞ࡢᨺᑕᛶྠయࢆྵࢇ࡛࠸ ගᏊࡢᩓ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㟁Ꮚࡼࡿࢺ࣒ࢯࣥᩓྠ ࡿ㸦㠀ᖖᙉ࠸ࣂࢵࢡࢢࣛࣥࢻ࣭࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆ᭷ࡍ ᵝ᩿㠃✚ࡣ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮౫Ꮡࡋ࡞࠸ࠋࢹࣝࣈࣜ ࡿ㸧ሙྜ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㠀ᖖ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊཎ ࣗࢵࢡᩓࡣࠊཎᏊ᰾ࡀᙧᡂࡍࡿࢡ࣮ࣟࣥሙග ⌮ⓗෆ㒊ᵓ㐀㛵ಀ࡞ࡃࠊ ᐃࡋࡓ࠸ྠయࡢ Ꮚࡢ┦స⏝ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ㟁Ꮚ㝧㟁Ꮚࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀ┤ ィ ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛」㞧࡞ᵓ㐀ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ ࡕᑐᾘ⁛ࡍࡿ⌧㇟࡛ࠊQED ࡢ㠀⥺ᙧຠᯝࡢ୍ ᐃᑐ㇟≀ࡢᐃ㔞ⓗ࡞ ᐃࡶ㐺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ✀࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡢᙎᛶᩓࡣࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࠾ ࠸࡚ NRF ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡ㔜࡞ࡾࠊࣂࢵࢡࣛ࢘ࣥࢻࢆ ᙧᡂࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࠊLCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ NDA ࠾ࡅࡿ ᐃ ㄗᕪࢆࡁࡃࡍࡿせᅉ࡞ࡿࠋ ᙎᛶᩓࡢၥ㢟ࢆᅇ㑊ࡍࡿ᭷ຠ࡞᪉ἲࡀ᭱㏆ [18] ᥦࡉࢀࡓ ࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊNRF ࠾ࡅࡿບ㉳≧ែ ࡽᇶᗏ≧ែ㑄⛣ࡍࡿᛂ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᇶᗏ≧ែࡢ ┤ୖࡢບ㉳≧ែศᒱ࣭㑄⛣ࡍࡿ㝿Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿບ ㉳࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᑡࡋ␗࡞ࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ Fig. 8: ඹ㬆㏱㐣ἲࡼࡿ᰾✀ࡢ㠀◚ቯ ᐃࡢᴫ ᛕᅗ. ⥺ࢆィ ࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ ࠕศᒱ NRF ᐃἲࠖ ࡤࢀࡿࠋ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ NDA ࢆጉᐖࡍࡿࡶ࠺ࡦࡘࡢ⌧ ㇟ࡀࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢᙎᛶᩓ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㸫 ࢡࢳࣀࢻ㡿ᇦࡢཎᏊ᰾࡛ࡣ 10㹼50keV ⛬ ሙྜࠊ࠼ࡤࠊU-238 ࢃࡎ࡞ U-235 ࡀΰྜࡋ ᗘࡢẚ㍑ⓗప࠸‽➨୍ບ㉳≧ែࡀ⣔⤫ⓗ ࡓヨᩱ࠾࠸࡚ U-235 ࢆ ᐃࡍࡿሙྜࡣ࠺࡛ ほ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࠊእ㒊ࡽࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺࡛ ࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋᙎᛶᩓࡢࡁࡉࡣኚࢃࡽࡎࠊNRF ບ㉳ࡉࢀࡓ‽(E=Ex)ࡽ➨୍ບ㉳≧ែ(E=E1) ࡢ࣋ࣥࢺᩘࡀ ᐃ᰾✀ࡢྵ᭷㔞ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ ࡢ㑄⛣ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࠊࡇࡢᨺฟࡉࢀࡿ࢞ࣥ ᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊFig. 10 ࡽࡶ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡼ࠺ࠊ ࣐⥺ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡣ Ex㸫E1(Fig. 9 ཧ↷)࡛࠶ࡾࠊ ศᒱ NRF ἲࡀ᭷ຠ࡞ࡿࠋ ບ㉳‽ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ྜࢃࡏࡓධᑕ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡼࡾ 10㹼50keV ⛬ᗘపࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ Fig. 9: ศᒱ NRF ἲࡢཎ⌮ ࡋ࡚ࠊU-238 ࡛ࡣࠊᙉ࠸ඹ㬆྾‽ࡀ 2176keV ࠊ➨୍ບ㉳‽ࡀ 45keV Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࠋ ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮2176keV ࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆඹ㬆྾ࡋ࡚ Fig. 10: NRFGeant4 ࡼࡾィ⟬ࡋࡓ U-238 ࡢᩓ ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࠋศᒱ NRF ἲࡢ᭷ຠᛶࡀࡳ ࡚ࢀࡿࠋ 6. LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢᇶ♏⛉Ꮫࡢᛂ⏝ ບ㉳ࡋࡓ U-238 ࡢཎᏊ᰾ࡣࠊ୍㒊ࡀᇶᗏ≧ែ㑄 LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡣࠊ๓⠇࡛⤂ࡋࡓ᰾≀㉁ࡢ㠀◚ ⛣㸦2176keV ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆᨺฟ㸧ࡋࠊṧࡾࡣ➨୍ບ ቯ ᐃ࠸ࡗࡓ⏘ᴗ⏝ࡢࡶࠊᇶ♏⛉Ꮫ࠾ ㉳‽ศᒱ㸦2131keV ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆᨺฟ㸧ࡍࡿࠋ ࠸࡚ࡶ᭷⏝࡞ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ࡞ࡿࠋ ᙎᛶᩓ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡣࠊධᑕ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ྠࡌ࢚ࢿ LCS ࡛ࡣࠊධᑕ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ೫ගࢆไᚚࡍࡿࡇ ࣝࢠ࣮ศᕸࢆᣢࡘࡢ࡛ࠊධᑕ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ ࡛ࠊ┤⥺೫ගࠊ೫ྥࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇ ࣮ᖜࡀ༑ศᑠࡉࡅࢀࡤࠊᙎᛶᩓ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ศ ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ┤⥺೫ග࣐࢞ࣥ⥺᰾ඹ㬆⺯ගᩓࢆ ᒱ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆ༊ูࡋ࡚ ᐃࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡞ ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡿࡇ࡛ࠊཎᏊ᰾ࡢᚤ⣽ᵓ㐀ࢆ᥈ࡿࡇ ࡿࠋU-238 ࡢሙྜࠊධᑕ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ศᒱ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ┤⥺೫ග࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆධᑕࡋࡓࠊ ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᕪࡣ 2%࡛࠶ࡾࠊERL-LCS ࡼࡿ⊃ NRF ࡛ᨺฟࡉࢀࡿ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢゅᗘศᕸ㠀ᑐ⛠ ᖏᇦ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆ⏝࠸ࢀࡤࠊ༑ศ༊ูࡀྍ⬟࡞ ᛶࡀ⌧ࢀࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞㠀ᑐ⛠ᛶࡢ ࡿࠋ ᐃࡣࠊཎᏊ᰾ࡢບ㉳≧ែࡢࣃࣜࢸࢆỴࡵࡿୖ࡛ Fig. 10 ศᒱ NRF ἲࡢࡋ࡚ࠊJAEA ࡛㛤 㠀ᖖᙉຊ࡞ᡭẁ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ┤⥺೫ග࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࢆ⏝ Ⓨࡋࡓࣔࣥࢸ࢝ࣝࣟࢥ࣮ࢻ㸦NRFGeant4㸧ࡼ ࠸ࡓ◊✲ࡣࠊ TERAS ࡸ HIJS ࠾࠸࡚࡞ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁ ࡿࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍࠋU-238 㔠ᒓࢆヨ ࡓࡀࠊᚋࡶཎᏊ᰾≀⌮ࡢ㔜せ࡞◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐࡛࠶ ᩱࡋࠊධᑕ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆ 2176keVࠊ ࡿࠋ ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᖜࢆ 10keV(FWHM)ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ Ᏹᐂ࡛ MeV 㡿ᇦࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡀ┤᥋ⓗ࡞ᙺࢆ ࡣࠊヨᩱ୰࠾ࡅࡿ ᐃᑐ㇟ࡢྠయ㸦U-238㸧 ᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡋ࡚ࠊ㉸᪂ᫍ⇿Ⓨ࠾ࡅࡿග᰾ ࡢྜࢆ 100%ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ᇶᗏ‽ࠊ➨୍ບ ᛂࡼࡿඖ⣲ࡢ⏕ᡂࡀ࠶ࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋኴ㝧ࡼࡾ 8 ㉳‽ࠊࡕࡽࡢ NRF ࡶ᫂☜ ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ಸ௨ୖࡁ࡞㉁㔞ࢆᣢࡘᜏᫍࡣࠊࡑࡢᑑࡢ᭱ᚋ ヨᩱ୰ࢃࡎࡋྵࡲࢀ࡞࠸᰾✀ࢆ ᐃࡍࡿ ㉸᪂ᫍ⇿Ⓨࡤࢀࡿ⇿Ⓨࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡋ࡚ 㸫 ࡑࡢ㐍ࢆ⤊࠼ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ㉸᪂ᫍ⇿Ⓨ࠾࠸࡚ ࡀ ERL ࡢᢏ⾡ࢆࡗ࡚ᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿࡇࢆከࡃࡢ ᵝࠎ࡞ඖ⣲ࡀྜᡂࡉࢀࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊඖ ே▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࠊ㛵ᚰࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤ ⣲ྜᡂࡢ㐣⛬ࡣ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡀ㛵ࡍࡿග᰾ᛂ ᖾ࠸࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡶྵࡲࢀࡿࠋᙉᗘࡢ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡀᐇ⌧ࡍࢀ ࡤࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸᰾✀ࢆྵࡵ࡚ࠊග ཧ ⪃ ᩥ ⊩ ᰾ᛂ᩿㠃✚ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᩚഛࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࠊ㉸ [1] G.A. Krafft, and Gerd Priebe, Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology 3, 147-163 (2010). [2] H.R. Weller et al., Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics, 62, 257 (2009). [3] S. Miyamoto et al., Radiation measurements 41, S179-S185 (2006). [4] O. 7HúLOHDQX HW DO, Journal of Physics: Conference Series. IOP Publishing, 420, p. 012157 (2013). [5] E. Feenberg, H. Primakoff, Phys. Rev. 73, 449 (1948). [6] C. Bemporad, R.H. Milburn, N. Tanaka, M. Fotino, Phys. Rev. 138, B1546 (1965). [7] CAIN ver. 2.42; P. Chen, G. Horton-Smith, T. Ohgaki, A.W.Weidemann, K. Yokoya, Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 355, 107 (1995). [8] H. Ohgaki et al., Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A 455, 54-59 (2000). [9] M.A. Furman, Proc. PAC-1991, p.422. [10] E.G. Kessler et al., Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A 457, 187-202 (2001). [11] T. Matsushita, “X-ray monochromator”, Cheiron School 2010 (2010). [12] V. Petrillo, et al., Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A 693, 109-116 (2012). [13] R. Hajima, Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology 3, 121-146 (2010). [14] R. Hajima et al., Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 45, 441-451 (2008). [15] R. Hajima et al., Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A 608, S57-S61 (2009). [16] H. Carstens et al., Opt. Lett 39, 2595-2598 (2014). [17] T. Shizuma et al. Phys. Rev. C 78, 061303(R), (2008). [18] M.J. Berger et al. “Stopping-power and range tables for electrons, protons, and helium ions”, NIST Physics Laboratory, 1998. ᪂ᫍ⇿Ⓨ࠾ࡅࡿඖ⣲ྜᡂࡢ⢭ᐦ࡞ࣔࢹࣝࡀ ࡣࡌࡵ࡚ྍ⬟࡞ࡿࠋ ࡑࡢࠊ㉸᪂ᫍ⇿Ⓨࡢࢽ࣮ࣗࢺࣜࣀඖ⣲ྜᡂ㐣 ⛬ࢽ࣮ࣗࢺࣜࣀ࣭ཎᏊ᰾┦స⏝ࠊ┤⥺೫ග࢞ ࣐ࣥ⥺ࡼࡿ㸦J, n㸧ᛂࠊ೫ග࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡼ ࡿࣃࣜࢸ㠀ಖᏑࡢ≀⌮ࠊDelbrück ᩓࡢ⢭ᐦ ᐃࡼࡿ QED ࡢ㠀⥺ᙧຠᯝࡢ᳨ド࡞ࠊLCS ࢞ ࣐ࣥ⥺ࢆ⏝ࡋࡓᇶ♏⛉Ꮫࡢ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࡀከᩘ [19,20] ᥦࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ ࠋ 7. ࡉ࠸ࡈ LCS ࡣࠊMeV 㡿ᇦ࠾࠸࡚࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ྍኚ ࡘ‽༢Ⰽࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࣅ࣮࣒ࢆⓎ⏕ྍ⬟࡞ᢏ⾡ ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࠊ㟁Ꮚ✚ࣜࣥࢢࢆ࣮࣋ࢫࡋࡓ タࡀᘓタࠊ㐠㌿ࡉࢀࠊཎᏊ᰾≀⌮◊✲ࡢࡓ ࡵ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࣅ࣮࣒ࢆ࣮ࣘࢨ࣮౪⤥ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ 㟁Ꮚຍ㏿ჾࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢᢏ⾡ࡀ㐍ᒎࡍࡿࡋࡓ ࡀࡗ࡚ࠊLCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢᛶ⬟ྥୖࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡾ ࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋప࢚࣑ࢵࢱࣥࢫ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࢆ㟁ὶ࡛ ຍ㏿࡛ࡁࡿ ERL ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮✚⨨ࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃ ࡏ࡚ᵓᡂࡍࡿ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ࡣࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢࣇ ࣛࢵࢡࢫࠊ㍤ᗘࠊ༢Ⰽᛶࡢ㣕㌍ⓗ࡞ྥୖࡀཎ⌮ⓗ ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᭱㏆ࠊࢥࣥࣃࢡࢺ ERL ࡚ࠊ7 keV ࡢ X ⥺㡿ᇦ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊERL ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮✚⨨ ࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡼࡿ LCS ࣅ࣮࣒ࡢⓎ⏕ᡂຌࡋࠊ LCS ࣅ࣮࣒ࡢホ౯ࠊX ⥺࣓࣮ࢪࣥࢢࡢࢹࣔᐇ㦂 ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓ [14,15] ࠋLCS ࠾ࡅࡿ ERL ࡢ᭷⏝ᛶࡢ ୍➃ࡀᇉ㛫ぢࡽࢀࡿ⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ERL ࡣࠊḟୡ௦ X ⥺ᨺᑕගࠊ㧗ฟຊ⮬⏤㟁Ꮚ ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡞ࠊࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ඛ➃ග※ࡢࢻࣛࣂ࣮ ࡋ࡚᭷⏝ᛶࡀㄆ㆑ࡉࢀࠊࡑࡢᐇ⌧ྥࡅࡓせ⣲ ᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓ ERL ࡢせ⣲ᢏ⾡ࡣ LCS ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ᑐࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ ࡑࡢࡲࡲ⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᇶ♏⛉Ꮫࡽ⏘ ᴗ⏝ࡲ࡛࢝ࣂ࣮ࡍࡿḟୡ௦ࡢ MeV ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ 㸫 [19] B.J. Quiter at al., Methods in Physics 1130 (2011). [20] T. Shizuma et al., Methods in Physics 170-175 (2014). Nuclear Instruments and Research Section B 269, Nuclear Instruments and Research Section A 737, [21]ࠕḟୡ௦࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺※ ࡑࡢᛂ⏝ࠖ, ி㒔Ꮫ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⌮ᕤᏛ◊ ✲ ᡤ , IAE-RR-2013 No.101 (2013), ISSN 1342-3185. [22] ᪩ᕝᓅே, ⸨ཎᏲ, “࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࣭ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ Ț⥺ࣅ࣮࣒ࡼࡿཎᏊ᰾◊✲ࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸₻ ὶ”, ཎᏊ᰾◊✲ (2015). [23] ỌⰋ,ࠕࢥࣥࣃࢡࢺ ERL ࡛ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓග※ᐇドᐇ㦂ࠖ, ➨ 12 ᅇ᪥ᮏ ຍ㏿ჾᏛᖺㄽᩥ㞟(2015). [24] ㉥ᮌᬛဢ, ࠕ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓࡼ ࡿᑠᆺ㧗㍤ᗘ X ⥺※㛤Ⓨࠖ, ➨ 12 ᅇ᪥ᮏຍ㏿ ჾᏛᖺㄽᩥ㞟(2015). 㸫
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