論文 Άᢱ㔚ᳰゞࠍᡰ߃ࠆ㜞᳓⚛࠲ࡦࠢ ౝ ↰ ೣ *1 The High Pressure Hydrogen Tank which Supports a Fuel CellPowered Vehicle Yasunori Uchida*1 ⷐᣦ Άᢱ䋬ⅣႺ㗴䉕ᛴ䈋䉎⥄േゞ䈮䈫䈦䈩䋬Άᢱ㔚ᳰゞ䈲↹ᦼ⊛ゞਔ䈪䈅䉎䋮᳓⚛䈫㉄⚛䉕Άᢱ䈫䈜䉎䉲䉴䊁䊛䈮 䈍䈔䉎䋬ၮᐙ䊡䊆䉾䊃䈪䈅䉎㜞᳓⚛䉺䊮䉪䈱േะ䈫㐿⊒ⷐ䈮䈧䈇䈩ႎ๔䈜䉎䋮㩷 Abstract Fuel cell vehicles are revolutionary vehicles that do not entail the same fuel and environmental problems as traditional vehicles. I report trends and summary of developments in high pressure hydrogen tanks, a critical unit in systems that use hydrogen and oxygen for fuel. 㧝㧚ߪߓߦ 㧞㧚(%8ߩߒߊߺ ⥄േゞߪᚒߦޘ᭽ߥޘଢᕈࠍឭଏߒ⛯ߌߥ߇ ߹ߕ㧘FCVߩߒߊߺߦߟߡⷐࠍ␜ߔ㧔࿑㧙㧝㧕㧚 ࠄ߽㧘Άᢱ⾗Ḯ㧘ⅣႺ㗴ߩ⽶ߩ㕙߽ᜬߜ⛯ߌ ߡࠆ㧚HV/PHV/EVߥߤ㧘㔚േൻᛛⴚࠍ㜞ߡ㧘 㗴ߩᄢࠍᛥᱛߒߡࠆߩ߇⁁ߣ߃ࠆ㧚 ߎ߁ߞߚਛߢ2014ᐕᧃ㧘࠻࡛࠲⥄േゞࠃࠅΆ ᢱ㔚ᳰゞ߇ޠࠗࡒޟ⇇ೋߩ㊂↥ゞߣߒߡ⊒ᄁ ߐࠇࠆ㧚Άᢱ㔚ᳰゞ㧔એਅFCV㧕ߪൻ⍹Άᢱࠍᔅ ⷐߣߖߕ㧘᳓⚛ߣ㉄⚛߆ࠄ⊒㔚ߒⴕߔࠆⓥᭂߩ ࠛࠦࠞߢࠆ㧚⥄േゞߩ㗴⸃ߪ߽ߜࠈࠎ㧘 ߊࠆ߹ߩᔨࠍ߽ᄢ߈ߊᄌ߃ࠆゞਔߣߒߡᦼᓙߪ ᄢ߈㧚 ࿑㧙㧝 (%8ߩߒߊߺ *1 ຠ㐿⊒ㇱ ࡙࠾࠶࠻㐿⊒ቶ 49 燃料電池車を支える高圧水素タンク FCVߪᄖㇱ߆ࠄ᳓⚛ߣ㉄⚛ࠍขࠅࠇ㧘FCࠬ࠲ ࠶ࠢߣ߫ࠇࠆ⊒㔚ᯏߦߡ㔚᳇ࠍࠅߒ㧘㔚᳇ ⥄േゞߣߒߡⴕน⢻ߣߥࠆ㧚FCࠬ࠲࠶ࠢߩ⊒㔚 ߪ㧘㉄⚛ߪᄖ᳇߆ࠄขࠅࠇ㧘᳓⚛ߪ᳓⚛ࠬ࠹ ࡚ࠪࡦߥߤߩࠗࡦࡈ߆ࠄଏ⛎ߐࠇ㧘⊒㔚ᓟߪ᳓ ߩߺ߇ឃߐࠇࠆ㧚ߎࠇߪ᳓ߩ㔚᳇ಽ⸃ߩㅒᔕ ࠍታߒߚ߽ߩߢࠆ㧚 ߎߎߢ㧘ࠟ࠰ࡦゞ㧘EV㧘FCVߩᲧセࠍ␜ߔ 㧔㧙㧝㧕㧚 㧙㧝 ゞਔᲧセ 㧙㧞 ࠗࡦࡈߣゞਔᛛⴚ EVߣߩቯ⊛ߥᏅߪ㧘ࠟ࠰ࡦゞਗߺߩⴕᜬ ⛯〒㔌ߢࠅ㧘ΆᢱలႯᤨ㑆߽㧟ಽ⒟ᐲߣ⍴ߎ ߣߢࠆ㧚ߚߛߒ㧘᳓⚛ଏ⛎ߦᔅⷐߥࠗࡦࡈߣ㧘 ᳓⚛⾂⬿ᛛⴚߦઍߐࠇࠆᛛⴚߩㅴዷ߇⺖㗴ߣߥ ߞߡࠆ㧚 㧟㧚ࠗࡦࡈᢛߣ(%8ߩㅴൻ ࿑㧙㧞 ࠗࡦࡈᢛߩࠪ࠽ࠝ㧕 FCVߩ᥉ߦਇนᰳߥߩߪࠗࡦࡈᢛߢࠆ ߎߣߪ߁߹ߢ߽ߥ㧚2002ᐕߦ࿖ౝ⥄േゞฦ␠ ߇ࡕ࠾࠲ࠍ⋡⊛ߔࠆࠬ⽼ᄁࠍታᣉߒ㧘ࠗࡦ ࡈ㐿⊒߽ㅴߡ߈ߡࠆ㧔㧙㧞㧕㧚 ᓟߪFCV᥉ߣࠗࡦࡈᢛࠍㅪേߐߖ㧘 2025ᐕߦߪ⥄┙⊛ߦᄢߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁㧘࿖╷ߣㅪേ ߒߚࠪ࠽ࠝ߇╷ቯߐࠇߡࠆ㧔࿑㧙㧞㧕㧚 2014ᐕᐲߦ࿖ౝ⸳⟎35ၮߣ߹ߛ߹ߛዋᢙߢࠆ ߇㧘⌕ታߥ⸘↹ㆀⴕࠍᦸߺߚ㧚 㧠㧚(%8㜞᳓⚛࠲ࡦࠢߩേะ ᳓⚛⾂⬿ᣇᑼߣߒߡ㧘ߎࠇ߹ߢ᭽ߥޘᛛⴚ߇ᬌ ⸛ߐࠇߡ߈ߡࠆ㧔㧙㧟㧕㧚 㧙㧟 ᳓⚛⾂⬿ᛛⴚ 50 燃料電池車を支える高圧水素タンク ๆ⬿㧘ᶧൻᛛⴚߪゞਔߦߣߞߡ㝯ജࠆᣇᑼߢ ࠆ߇㧘⁁ߢߪᏒ⽼ߢ߈ࠆࡌ࡞ߦߪ⥋ߞߡ ߥ㧚⥄േゞฦ␠߇㜞࠲ࡦࠢᣇᑼࠍណ↪ߔࠆᦼ 㑆ߪᓟ߽⛯ߊߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚 ߎߩ㜞࠲ࡦࠢߦ߽⒳㘃߇ሽߔࠆ㧔࿑㧙㧟㧕㧚 ࿑㧙㧠 ⷐ⚛ᛛⴚ㐿⊒ 㧡㧙㧝㧚᮸⢽ࠗ࠽ߩ᧚ᢱ㐿⊒ ᮸⢽࠲ࡦࠢࠗ࠽ߦⷐ᳞ߐࠇࠆ߽ߩߣߒߡ㧘᳓ ⚛ㅘㆊߩᛥᱛᕈ⢻߇ߍࠄࠇࠆ㧚⍮ߩㅢࠅ㧘᳓ ⚛ߪᦨዊේሶߢࠅ㧘ਁ‛ࠍ߽ߞߡߒߡ߽ㅘㆊࠍ ࡠߦߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ㧚㊄ዻ⣀ൻࠍ࿁ㆱߢ߈ ࠆ㜞ಽሶ᧚ᢱߢᦨᄢߩㅘㆊᛥᱛ㧔ࡃࠕᕈ⢻㧕ࠍ ታߔࠆߎߣ߇㐿⊒ߩ⋡⊛ߢࠆ㧚⼾↰วᚑߪߎ ߩข⚵ߺߦࠃࠅ㧘᮸⢽࠲ࡦࠢࠗ࠽ߣߒߡߪ ⇇࠻࠶ࡊࡌ࡞ߩࡃࠕᕈ⢻ࠍ⏕ߒߚ᮸⢽᧚ᢱ ࠍ㐿⊒ߒߚ㧔࿑㧙㧡㧕㧚 ࠟࠬࡃࠕᕈߦఝࠇࠆEVOHࠍὐߦ㧘ૐ᷷ᤨߩ 㜞ࠢࡊ⠴ᕈߣᚑᒻࠍน⢻ߣߔࠆᚑᒻᕈࠍ ਔ┙ߐߖߚ㧚ߎࠇߦࠃࠅ㧘ᴺⷙߪ߽ߜࠈࠎ㧘⭯⡺ߢ シ㊂ߥ࠲ࡦࠢࠗ࠽ࠍ᭴ᚑߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚 ࿑㧙㧟 㜞࠲ࡦࠢߩ⒳㘃 ᳓⚛⾂⬿ߦኻߒߡ⇇⊛ߥ⛔৻ⷙᩰߪቯߐࠇ ߡߥ߇㧘࿖ౝߦ߅ߡߪ࠲ࠗࡊ㧟㧘㧠ߛߌ߇ นߩኻ⽎ߣߥߞߡࠆ㧚࠲ࠗࡊ㧝㧘㧞߇ㆡ↪ᄖ ߣߥߞߡࠆߩߪ㧘⠴ࠍᜂ߁㊄ዻߩ᳓⚛⣀ൻ߇ 㗴ߣߥߞߡࠆߚߢࠆ㧚ᒰ㕙ߪ࠲ࠗࡊ㧟㧘 㧠ࠍゲߦ᥉߇ㅴߢࠈ߁߇㧘ଔߥ㊄ዻ࠲ࡦ ࠢߩേะ߽ᵈⷞߒߡ߈ߚ㧚 㧡㧚㜞᳓⚛࠲ࡦࠢߩ㐿⊒ ⼾↰วᚑߦ߅ߌࠆ㜞࠲ࡦࠢ㐿⊒ߪ㧘࠲ࠗࡊ㧠ߢ ផㅴߒߡࠆ㧚ゞタߦ߅ߡシ㊂ൻߪ㊀ⷐߥⷐ⚛ߢ ࠅ㧘ౝጀㇱߩࠕ࡞ࡒߣ᮸⢽ߩ⾰㊂Ꮕߪᄢ߈㧚 ࠲ࠗࡊ㧠࠲ࡦࠢߩⷐ⚛ᛛⴚߣߒߡ㧘એਅߩ㧟ߟ ࠍਛᔃߣߒߡขࠅ⚵ࠎߢࠆ㧔࿑㧙㧠㧕㧚 㧝㧕ౝጀㇱ㧔᮸⢽ࠗ࠽㧕ߩ᧚ᢱ㐿⊒ 㧞㧕FRP⸳⸘ᛛⴚ 㧟㧕FRPߩFW㧔ࡈࠖࡔࡦ࠻ࡢࠗࡦ࠺ࠖࡦࠣ㧕 Ꮏᴺ㐿⊒ ࿁ߪᎿᴺ㐿⊒ࠍ㒰߈㧘᧚ᢱ㐿⊒㧘⸳⸘ᛛⴚߦ ߟߡႎ๔ߔࠆ㧚 ࿑㧙㧡 㐿⊒᧚ᢱߩࡃࠕᕈ⢻ 㧡㧙㧞㧚㧲㧾㧼⸳⸘ᛛⴚ 㜞᳓⚛࠲ࡦࠢߪ70MPaߣ߁㜞ߢ⾂⬿ ߐࠇࠆߎߣ߇ਥᵹߣߥߞߡࠆ㧚ߎߩ⠴ࠍᜂ߁ ߩ߇ᄖጀࠍᒻᚑߔࠆFRPጀߢࠆ㧚FRPߪࠞࡏ ࡦ❫⛽ߣࠛࡐࠠࠪ᮸⢽ߩⶄวߢࠅ㧘㧟⒳㘃ߩ Ꮞ߈ᣇࠍ㚟ߒᄙጀߦߡᒻᚑߐࠇࠆ㧚ߎߩᏎ߈ᣇ㧘 51 燃料電池車を支える高圧水素タンク Ꮞ߈ᢙߦࠃࠆᒝᐲ⊒ࠍ੍᷹ߔࠆᛛⴚߦࠃߞߡ㧘 ᦨㆡൻࠍน⢻ߣߒߚ㧚Ꮞ ߈ ᣇ ߦ ߪ 㧟 ⒳ 㘃 ࠅ 㧘 CAE ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ 㒢 ⇇ ⎕ ⵚ ㇱ ࠍ ╴ ㇱ ߦ ⸳ ቯ ߒ㧘Ꮞ߈ᢙᏎ߈ᣇߩ㗅⇟ࠍቯߒߡߊ 㧔 ࿑ 㧙 㧢 㧘 㧣 㧘 㧤 㧕 㧚 ߎߩCAE੍᷹ߣታ㛎⚿ᨐ ߪᢛวߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘ᓟߩ㐿⊒ߦ⽸₂ߢ߈ࠆ߽ߩߣ ߥߞߡࠆ㧔࿑㧙㧥㧕㧚 ࿑㧙㧥 %#'੍᷹ߣታ㛎୯ 㧢㧚߹ߣ 㜞᳓⚛࠲ࡦࠢߩ㐿⊒ߪ߹ߛࠬ࠲࠻ὐߦㆊ߉ ࿑㧙㧢 (42⸳⸘%#'੍᷹ ߥ㧚㜞࠲ࡦࠢߦઍࠊࠆ⾂⬿ᛛⴚ߽ㅴൻߒߡߊ ߛࠈ߁㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘᧪㧘FCV߇⥄േゞߩ৻⠢ࠍᜂ߁ ゞਔߦߥࠆߩߪ㑆㆑ߥ㧚⼾↰วᚑ߇ၭ߁᳓⚛ࡃ ࠕᛛⴚ㧘シ㊂㜞ᒝᐲߥFRPᛛⴚࠍᦝߦ㜞㧘㜞 ࠲ࡦࠢࠍὐߦ㧘FCV߳⽸₂ߒߡ߈ߚ㧚 ෳ⠨ᢥ₂⾗ᢱ 1) Άᢱ㔚ᳰታ↪ൻផㅴද⼏ળ㧔FCCJ㧕2010.3 ⪺ ⠪ ࿑㧙㧣 Ꮞ߈ᢙᏎ߈ᣇߩ⸳ቯ ౝ↰ೣ ࿑㧙㧤 㒢⇇⎕ⵚㇱߩ⸳ቯ 52
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