Title Author(s) Citation Issue Date Type The influence of social skills on getting social support for adolescents during study abroad: A case study of Japanese short-term exchange students TAKAHAMA, Ai; NISHIMURA, Yoshie; TANAKA, Tomoko 留学生交流・指導研究(10): 69-84 2008-03 Journal Article Text Version publisher URL http://hdl.handle.net/10086/22074 Right Hitotsubashi University Repository r留学生交流 ・指導研究JV oE1 0pp691 83 Thei nf l uenceofsoci alski J l songet t i ngsoci alsuppor t f oradol escent sdur i ngst udyabr oad: Acasest udyotJapaneseshor t t er m exchanges t udent s Ai TAKAHAm ( Ok a y a maUn Ner S l t y ) Yo s h i eNI S HI MURA( 向p t ou rCor por a t [ on ) To mo koTANAKA( Ok a y amaUn l V e r S i t y ) Abs t r a c t Ⅶ止ss t ud yi nv e s t i g a t e sho ws ho r t t e r mi nt e ma t i o na ls t ude nt sg e ts o c i ls a up po r ta nd ltu r a l a d j u s t me nt du r i n gs t ud ya br oa du s ngI i nt e r ie v wsba s e do nar e c ll a a c h i e v ec r o s s c u me t hod・¶. epa r t i dpa nt so fh tes t t , d ya L r eSJ a pa J l e S eS t ude n t swhos t ud i e di nt heU・ S f o ra bo l l t6mo nt hst oo ney ea r ・ ne ywe r ea s k e da bo utt he i rs t ud ya b r o a de x p e r i e r L C e S e l a t i ont othe i rC r o s s C u l t ur la a da pt a t i o na ・ l da bo utt he i rs o c i a ls up p o r tne t wo r k s ・ mr r s t ,t hepa r t i c I Pa nt SOft hes t ud yc ou l dber o ug hl y Twof i ndi ng swe r eobt a i ne d・Fi ・ 1 me6S t ude n t soft he丘f S tg r o up( e n joy m en tg r o u p )e n j o y e d d i nd e dI nt ot wogr O uPS lt ur la a d j us t me n t , wh i l et he he t i rs t ud ya b r o a d, wh i c h. mp l i e st he ya c hi e v e dc r o s s C u o he t f2S t ud e nt so ft hes e c ondg r o u p( no ne n j o y me ntg r o up )d i dn o te n j o yi t ・ S e c o nd, h ee t n j o me y ntg r o u pwe r ea b l et oo bt a i nmo r es o c i ls a u ppo r tt ha nt heno n e n l o me y nt I ti si n f e r r e d丘omt hes t ud yt ha tt hef ouo i・ w , g3t h i n gsa r eu s e b1i no bt iJ a 血g g r o u p・ :t oa cquu es o c i a l s k ll i s , t opu t血es k i nsi nt opr a c t i c ea n dno t t og l V eI . Pt o o s o c i a l s up p o r t l y ・ √ mu s , he t resu lt so fh tes t ud yi mp l yt ha tbo h al t a f g e fr e pe r t oi r eo fs o c i ls a k i ns q u i c k he mwo ldbea u d v -t a g e o u si na chi e ingt v hec r o s s -C lt u t ua l a ndmo r emo t i v a t i o ntouset st hT O ug hg a i n i n gs o c la】s up p o r t ・ a d j u s t me n to fs ho r t t e r mi nt e ma t i or L ls a t ud e nt KEYWORDS: s oc i a ls k i ns , s o c i ls a up po r t , J a pa ne s es ho r t t e rm e x c ha ng es t ud e nt s A .J ntr oductbn W he nt hi nki nga bouti mpr ov ingt hequa ht yofs t ude nt s ' s t udya br oa de xpe r i e nc e, ac r i t i c a lque s t i ont ha ta is r e si show i nt e ma t i ona ls t ude nt sc n a a c hi e vec r os s C lt u ur a l a d j us t ment ・AsW a r dandKenne dy( 1996)pr opos ed,t h er ear et woc ategori esof a d j us tm en t・ Oneoft hem i sp s yc hol og ica lad j ust men twhi ch ref e r sto fee hngsof s a t i s f a c t i ona ndwe l l be i ng,andt heot he ri ss oc i oC l ut uI l ad a j us t me ntwhi c hr e f e r s t ot hea bui t yt one got ia t ei nt e r a c t i vea s pe c t sofh t eh os tc lture.Ac u c or di ngt oas t udy onJa pa ne s es t ude nt sc a r iedouti r nt heU・ S. byYas hi maa ndTa na ka( 2001) , heus t e 『 留学生交流 ・指導研創 O 旺l V o l l ofs oc i a ls ki l l sa l l owe ds t ude nt st obu i l dhi h gl ys a t i s f a c t or yhuma nr e l a t i ons hi ps a ndpr omot e dc r os s c ul t ur a la d j us t me nt ・ Ta na ka( 1994)de f i ne ss oc i ls a k i l l sa s be ha vi or s血a ta r ene c e s s a r yt oc r e a t e ,ma i nt a i na ndde ve l o phuma nr e l a t i ons hi ps ・ Somes t udi e sha vei ndi c a t e dt ha ts oc i a ls uppor te nha nc e sc r os s C lt u ur a la d j us t me nt ofs o j our ne r s( s e e , ore f xa mpl e , Ta na k a, Ta k ai , Kohya m aa ndFu j i ha r a ,1994) . Soc l l a s uppor tr e f e r st obot ht a ng ibl ea ndi nt a ni gbl es uppor tpr o ide v dbype opl e ・ Awe l 1 no k n de w 丘ni ionofs t oc i a ls uppor ti st ha tofCobb, whode 丘ne si ta s" i nf or ma ion t l e a di ngt hes ub j e c tt obe l i e veh ta thei sc a r e df ora ndl o ve d, e s t e e me d, a ndame mbe r ofane t wo r kofmut ua lo bl i ga t i ons( Cobb,1976,p・ 300) " ・ I ti si nf e r r e df r om t he s e pr e iouss v t udi e st ha tas e r i e sofs oc i a ls k i l l s , s oc i a lne t wor k, s oc i a ls uppor ta ndc r os s C lt u ur la a d j us t me nte x i s t s( S e eFi gur e1 ) :t hos ewhoa r egooda tne t wor k i ngw it h pe opl ec a nobt a i nbot ht a ng ibl ea ndi nt a ng ibl es uppor twhi c hhnkst oc r os s C lt u ur a l a d j us t me nt . Ho we ve r , hi t sa s s umpt i onoft hee x i s t e nc eoft hi ss e ie r si sba s e dont he r e s lt u sofaque s t i onna i r ea ndha snotbe e nc onAr me dw it ha nyt ypeofc a s cs t udy ・ +∴_So d a l N m e W t w o r k s 0 -m s n Ad , u s t -干 n t F i g ur e1.T h er e l a t i o n s h i pa l T I o n 9S O C i a l s k Ms , s D C i a l n e t wo r k , s o c i a l s u p p o r t a n dc r o s s c u ) t u r a l a d i u s h Pr e v iouss t udi e sha vea l s o長山e dt oprov e n t ideuswi t hc onc r e t ea ns we r st oque s s uc ha swha tk i ndofs oc i ls a k i l l sdoe sar e a li ndi idua v l pe r s onus et oc r e a t ehi dons hu m a nne t wor k?Ho w doe ss oc i ls a uppor tpr omot ec r os s C lt u ur s me r la a d j us t me nt ? nd / orhi nde rc r os s I C lt u i fonei snota bl et oo bt ins a uppor t , ho wdoe si ta L f e c ta a nd a d justm a l ur Thea e i n m t ?oft hi ss t udyi st oe xpl or et hepr opos eds e r i e sus i ngaC a s eS ・ Fi r s t , i nt e r na t i ona ls t ude nt swe r ea s ke da boutt heり′ Pea nda mout n me hodol t ogy udy ¶l e yWe r et he na s ke da boutt het ypeofne t wor k tof s oc i a ls uppor tt he yr e c e i ve d・ whi c ht he yo bt a i ne ds oc i a ls uppor ta ndho wt he ywe nta boutne t wor k i ng-f rom s t r a t e gi e st he yus e dt one t wo r ka ndobt a i ns oc i a ls uppor t , ndwhe a he t rornot wha t m F 留学生交流 .指導研創 Vo he t y us e da nys oc i ls a k i ns ・ La s t l y , h te ywer ea s ke da boutt he i rov e r a l ls e ns eofs a t i s f a c t i on r e ga l di ngt he i TS t udya br oa de x pe r i e nc ei nor de rt oi nve s t l ga t et he i rc ompr e he ns i v e c r os s C u lt uf la a d j us t me nta ndt odi s c o ve rho wi thn kst os oc i a ls ki ns . I not he rwor ds , her t e s e a r c hque s t i onoft hes t udywa st ol ooka ti ndi idua v lC a s e si nor de rt ode s c r i be n s ,a nd ho ws t ude nt sobt a i ne ds oc i a ls uppor t , ho wt hes uppor tl Sl i nke dt os oc i a ls k i t oc onf ir mt hee x i s t e nc eoft hes e r i e si ndi c a t e di ne a r l i e rs t udi e s . i c i pant sf ort hes t u d y ・ J a pa ne s es hor t t e r me xc ha ng es t ude nt swe r es e l e c t e da spart ′ mepa r t i c i pa nt sus e dt hes hor t t e r me xc ha ngepr ogr a msoft he i runi v e r s i t i e swhi c h a l l o we dt he mt os t udya br oa df orl e s st ha nay e a ra ss pe c i a la udi t or sba s e doni nt e r u ni ve r s i ya t gr e e me nt s ・Oneoft her e a s onsf ort hes e l e c t i onoft hepa r t i c i pa nt swa s hee t v e r i nc r e a s i ngne e df ore duc a t o r st ounde r s t a ndf a c t or sa Ge c t i ngc r os s C lt u ur l a a d j us t me ntduet ot her e c e nti nc r e a s e si nnumbe rofs hor He r me xc ha nges t ude nt s i nJ a pa n・ n ot A he rr e a s onwa st ha ts hor t t e r me xc ha nges t ude nt ss e e mt or una hi h r g i s kofha ingl v e s st i met one t wor kw it hpe opl ea r oundt he m;be c a us et he y a r ,h te ydonotha v es u氏c i e ntt i met o t ne t wor kwe ua f t e r s t a yf o rl e s st ha noneye s pe ndi ngmuc hoft he i rt i mege t t ngus i e dt ot he i rne we nvi r onme nt( Ta ka ha ma a ndTa na ka , 2007) . I fi ti se s t a bl i s he dt ha tc r os s I C lt u ur la a d j us t me nti spr omot e db y e fe c t i vea c qul S i ionofs t oc i ls a uppo r ti ns pl t eOft hes hor tdur a t l OnOft he i rs t udy a br oa d, e duc a t or sofi nt e r na t i ona ls t ude nt sw i nbea bl et opr ov idewa yst of a c ui t a t e hi t sbe c a us ei ti sa na d j us t me nts t r a t e g y ・ Att hemome nt ,a l houg t h mos tJ a pa ne s e un i v e r s i t i e shol df or e i gnl a ngua gel e a - ngs e s s i onspr i ort OS t udya br oa d,h te ya r e s il t lt r y i ngt ode ve l opabe t t e rwa yt ohe l pt he i IS t ude nt s ' a d j us t me ntdur ingt he i I s t udya br oa d: t ha ti s , c r os s C l ut t l r la a d ju st me ntde pe ndsmos t l yont hei nt e r na t i oml ts ndt a hec ha ne nge sh te yf a c e ・ I nt hi ss e ns e , hi t ss t udyi nt e ndst o s t ude nt ' so n e w Hor de ve l o pane wwa yt ohe l pt hec ros s -Cu lt ur la a d j us t me nto f nt i e r na t i ona ls t ude nt s ・ l l .Met hod l.Par ' t i ci pant s Ⅶl ePa r t i c i pa nt soft hes t udywe r ee i h tJa g pa ne s es t ude nt swhos t udi e di nt he U ・ S・ f ora bo uts i xmont hst ooney e a ra ss ho wni nr ra bl el・ Si xoft he mwe r ef e ma l e I The ywe r ea 皿i nt he i re a r l yt we nt i e s ・ Ex c e pt ndt a heot he rt wowe r ema les t ude nt s f oronegr a dua t es t ude nt , heot t he rs e ve ns t ude nt swe r eunde r gr a dua t es t ude nt s ・ F 留学生交流 ・指等研究』VoJ1 0 E Z T T a bl el .De mo gr a p hi ct r ai t san db ac k gr ou n dso ft h ep ar t i c i pa n t s: s e x , ag e , p r e v i ou se x pe r i e n c e so fs t a y i ngan d/ ors t u dy i ngabr o a d, r e s l de nc ea ndU. S. uni v e r s i t y Na me Se x Age o P c n r e c s v e t u i s o d o u y f s i s n e t g x a m y p a e b r r g i o n a dd/ Re s i de nc e d o Sl F 2 2 1mo h C a n a d S a , a nd l n t hi nt h e U S 2 F 2 0 6y e a I Si nt he S 3 F 2 0 5y e a r si S 4 F 2 2 S S F S6 S 7 . U. S. u ni v e r s i t y ' r mi t o r y A ho me s t a y B h i g 丘 s o c h me o l e i m n e C n h t a i n r y a t o a C n h d i l d h o n o d t h i e n U Ma . S l . a y s i a h m e d o r m i t o r y C 20 Fr o me l e me nt a r yt h主 g hs c ho o li n血eo Uー S . a n dd o s t r a m yi ( t 3 o r m yo n血S ) 追 D do r mi t o r y M 23 ( Noe X pe r i e nc e ) d o r mi t o F 21 ( Noe x pe ie r nc e ) uS. r y C i t d o r t o r y ∼Sl S , 8 S7a n d M S8s t ud l 2 e 4 da tt h ( e Ns o a m e X e p u e r n l i e v n e C r e s i ) m A t y( A)S 2a n S 4i s t u d i e da tt hes a me un i v e r s y( a n d B) ・ S 3 2. A止o P r o c f e t d h u ep r e a r t i c I P n t S t y( C) . S 6 s t u d i e d a t t h e s a ma eu n i v e r s i me hodsoft t hes t udywe r ee vo一 x unt e e r e dt opa r t i c I Pa t ei nt hes t udy/I kea i ma ndt he hepr t ot e c t i onoft he l rPr l pl t ・ 1be ywe r ea l s oa s s ur e dof a i nedt ot hem pr l Ort Oi r e s ul t soft hes t udy ・NonVa C Ya n dt he i rc ons e ntwa sga i ne df orpub止c a ionoft t he c onduc t edi nJ a pa nw it hi nt s t e r n uc t ur edi nt e r ie v wsofa boutonehouri nl e ngt h we r e n ei nt e r ie v wswe r ec ond mont hsoft hes t ude nt ' sr e t ur nt oJa pa nf r om t heU・ S. we r ec a r ie r doutus i ngac o u dy ・ n ei nt e vi r e ws u c t e dbyt hes ec onda ut horoft hes t e xpe ie r nc e ds t udya br oa di nt n h ve r s a t i ona ls yl t e・Be c a us et hes e c onda ut horha da l s o s t yl ei nor de rt oel i c i t U・ S. he r s e f, l i ts e e me dus e ult f ous eac onve r s a iona t l r e c or de da ndt r ans c r i pt s c onve r s a t i onf r om t hepa r t i c i pant s ・Thei nt e r vi e wswe r e we r ea s ke da boutt he i rs t W u e d r ema dew it ht hepa r t i c I Pa nt S ' c ons e nt /nl ePa r t i c i pa nt s a da pt a t i ona nda boutt he i rs o ya cbr oa de xpe r i enc e si nr e l a t i ont ot he i rc r os s c dmr a l ofs oc i a ls ki l l s , ca r e 丘da t t e nt ioi a ls us ppo r tn et wo r ks I I no de rt oe xpl or et hei nf lue nc e nwa a i dt oh owp a r t ir t oobt a i ns oc i a ls uppor tf r om t he i rne t WOr ks ・ Upona na l ys i s ,Pa r t i c i pa nt sWe r e c a t e g o r i z e dba s e dont hes i m血 i t i e sa ndd i f f e r e nc e so ft he i ∫S t a t e me nt s ・ Ht .F t esul t sandDi scussi on l nt hef ol l o in w gquo t a t i onsf r om t hei nt e r v i e ws ,t hepa r t i c i pa nt sa r ei ndi c a t e d A山oft hei nt e r ie v wswe r ec onduc t e di nJ a pa ne s e ・ I nt hi spa pe r , f r om Slt oS8・ he t i rs t a t e me nt sha v ebe e nt r a ns l a t e di nt oEnghs hb yt hea ut hor s ・Suppl e me nt a r y e x p hna t i o nsa r eg i v e ni npa r e nt he s e sb yt hea ut ho r sa ndi mpor t a ntpa r t so ft he s t a t e me nt sa l eu n de r l i ne d・ Topr ot e c tt he i rpr i v a c y ,pa r t soft hes t a t e me nt sha v e I ft he i rs t o ie r sonas l ng let o pi cbe c omet ool ong,pa r t be e nc ha nge dorom it t e d・ o ft hes t or ie swe r ea bbr e ia v t e da nda r es ho wna s" ( o is m s i on) . "A s kr le u ,t he i r c o n v e r s a dona lwa yofs pe e c hi sq uo t e da si twa s , buts omepa r t ss uc ha si nt e I 〕 e C do ns ha t ts e e me dt oha v el e s sr e l a t i ont ot het opi cOfs pe e c hwe r eo it m t e d・ I Pa nt S ' S t a t e me nt s ・ Fi r s t , t he nl eo f1 1 0 ingc w ha r a c t e is r t i c se me r ge df r o mt hepardc p a r t i c i pa nt sO ft hes t ud yc o ldber u o u hl g ydi ide v di nt ot wog r o upsa ss ho wni nTa bl e 2・nl eS i xs t ude nt so ft hef ir s tg r o up( e n j o me y ntg r o up)e n j o y e dt he i rs t ud ya br oa d, whi c hi mphe st he i ra c h i e v e me ntofc r os s C lt u ur ladj a us t me nt , whi l et heo t he rt wo s t ude nt so ft hes e c o ndg r o u p( none n j o me y ntgr oup)d i dnote n j o yi t ・ T a b l e2 .E n j o y me n t9 r O u Pa n dn o n e n j o y me n tg r o u p En j o y me ni g r o u p Sl , S 4 , S 5 , S 6 , S7 , S 8 No ne r リ O y me n t g r o u p W he nt hepa r t i c i pa nt swe r ea s ke d" i fy o uwe r et os umma i批 y r O urS t ud ya b r oa d e x pe i re nc ei nones e nt e nc e , wha twou ldi tbe ㍗I nor de rt ok no wt he i ro ve r a l l i mpr e s s i o no ft he i rs t ud ya br o a d, hea t ns we r soft het wogr o upsc ont r a s t e dag r e a t de a l t Fi r s t ,S4,S6a ndS7i nt hee n j o me y ntg r o ups ur n ma iz r Bdt he i rs t ud ya br oa d e n j o y"a nd" hke di tv e r ymuc h・ " po s i iv t e l yus i ngwor dss uc ha s" iS4, S6, S7,Abo utt he i ro v e r llc a omme nt sons t ud ya br o a d S4To rme ,myone y e a rs t udya br oa di save r ypr e c i ouse x pe ie r nc e ・SoIe v e n t ho ug h tIdi dn ' twa ntt or e hunt oJ a pa n. Ih ke di tⅥ汀YmuC h・ " r 留学生交流 ・指導研究JVol10 E Z l S6" Al hou t h Ⅰa g ls oe x pe ie r nc e ddi f hc lt u i e s , I a ndi twa sr e ll a yago o de x pe ie r nc e ・ r d, bu tIdi de n j o yi t . " S7" Ⅰ ' dl o vet os t ud ya br oa da ga i n・ At丘r s t , i twa sha I nc ont r a s t , S2a ndS3whobe l o ngt ot henon叩0 me y ntg r o updi dno ts a yt ha t he t ye n j o y e dt he i rs t ud ya br oa d・ The ys umma r i 耽dt he i rs t ud ya br oa dne ga t i v e l y us i n gwol dss uc ha s" ha r d. " l 1 c o mme nt so ns t ud ya br oa d く S 2, S3,Abo utt he i ro v 訂a S2" Is umma r i 2 1 emVS t ud ya br o a da saha r de x pe i re nc e ・ " S3m e n, I∽ul dh抑 止a tIc o ul de 叫o y血r i ngmys hゆりbr 似d. ( m e n i n, )No,not ha nkyou.I t ' s a s ke dwhe t he rs hewo ul dl i ket os t udya br oa da ga i mpos s i bl e ・ " Se c o nd, t hee n j o me y ntg r o upe n j o y e dmo r es oc i a lne t wo r k sa nds o da ls uppor t n ee n j o me y ntg r ou ps a y st ha tt he ya c t i v e l ya s ke d ha t nt henone n j o me y ntg r o up・ f o rhe l pa ndt ha tt he ya c t ua l l yo bt a i ne ds u ppo r tf r om pe opl ea r o undt he m.Fo r e x a mpl e , Sla ndSSa s k e dt he i rf ri e ndsa nduni v e r s i t ys t a ft ohe l pw it ht he i rs t ud y ndEng a li s hc he c hn g・ I nor de rt oge tEng hs hs uppo r t , Sla ppr o a c he das t ude ntwho wo r ke dpa r t t i mea tt heuni v e r s i q, nduni a v e r s i t yt ut or sb yhe r s e l fa nd丘na u ys hego t hene t c e s s a r ys uppo r tf r o mt he m・ utEnghs hs uppor t く Sl① ,Abo l ` Ia s k e dt heuni 、 ・ e r s i tI s t a 斤` Ex c us en . eC ou l 山地 he t r ewa sa n 迦些 t he r e . " , Mo r e o ve r , whe ns hene e de dt oc o mpl e t eave r ydi 氏C ltt u a s ki noneo fhe rc l a s s e s Slhe r s e l fma dea ne fo r tt oo bt a i nma x i mu m s u ppo r tde s pi t ehe rbe nga i wa 托t ha t he rs o c i a lne t wo r kswe r eno ta de q ua t ee no ug h・ ・ Sl@ , Abo uts uppor tonat a s kt odoi nt e r ie v wsi noneo fhe rc l a s s e s 旺Ⅰ咽 学生交流 ・指導研知 Vo FIO 1ha dl e s sf ri e nds , y o uk no w So , iwa sa tal o s swha tt odo・ Sof ir s tofa nJa s k e dmv r o omma t ef orhe l p・ ht he以ls e me s t e r , Iha donemor er oo mma t e ・ So,Iasked my hr t e er oo mma t e st oj oi nmvi nt e r ie v w・ j us o ・ Ii n t e vi r e we dmvf ri e ndswho m Ime t hr t oug ht hes po r t sa c iv t it i e s ・ " SSoft hee n ) o me y ntg r o upa l s oo bt a i ne dEng l i s hs u ppo r t丘or nva io r usf ri e nds whe ns he L Wa Si nne e d・ Shenotonl yque s t i o ne dt ohe rf ri e ndswhe ns hewa sw it h t he m, buta ls og ota d ic v eb ye x pl dn ngt i ha ts hec ou ldnotwr 血i nEng li s hve r ywe u a l ho t ug hs hew iS he dt odos o . ・ S S,AboutEnghs hs u ppor t 1o f t e nque s t i one dmvf he nd swhe nIn e e de dEng l i s hhe l pI The r ewa soneJ a pa ne s e s t ude ntwhog r a dua t e df r om a ni nt e na r t i ona ls c hoo li nJ a pa n・( o is m s i on)HC / S he wa sg ooda tEn gus h. Ⅰa s ke dh i mAe rt ohe l pme . The r ewasa ls oaf ri e ndo fm i neo ne o fwhos epa r e nt swa sA m e ic r a n. Ia s k e dhi mni e rt ohe l pmea swe u. Addi t i ona uy , I a s k e dmyc hs s ma t e swhowe T ef ri e nd l yt or n e ・ " Suppo r tr e s o ur c e sa m nothm it e dou lyt of ri e nds ・S7a ndS8whobe l on gt ot he e n ) o me y ntg r o upa s ke dt he i rpr of es s or st og iv et he ma d ic v ea swe mFi r s t , whe nS7 ha dt r o u bl eu nde r s t a n血喝 h tel e c t ur ei nEng li s h, s hea ppr oa c he dt hepr o f e s s o ra nd g ott hes uppo r ts hewa nt e d・ く S7,Abo utEng hs hs uppo r twhe ns hewa sno tus e dt oEng hs hl e c t ur es " Ic o ldn u ' ts pe a kouti nc l a s sa t山・ Idi dn ' tunde r s t a ndwha twa ss idi a nc l a s s ・ W he n lc o ldn u ' tr e a dwha twa swr i t t e no nt hebl a c k boa r d, Ia s ke dmyc l a s s ma t e st os ho w i nc o ldr u l ' tunde r s t a ndi t ・ So , Ia s k e dmvpr of e s s orf o rhe ゎ met he i rnot e s , butls t be c a us ehC / S hehe l psme ・ Ⅰgo ta c c us t o me dt oEng li s hl e c t u r e sb yt hee ndo ft he丘nt q ua° e r , s oIf e l tbe t t e rt he n・ " " sl A o nga sIa s ke df orhe l DmVS e f・ l e V e r V bod vhe l De dme ・ " W he nIwa st o t a l l ya tal o s s , Iv is i t e dmvpr o f e s s ora nds idt a ha tidi dn ' tunde r s t a nd hec t l as s ・ ¶e n, t hepr o f e s s orwa sk i nde noug ht ot e a c hmee v e r ywe e ko rt ic w ei na c e ・ He / s hewa st he血s tpr o f e s s ort ha t we e kf o ra bo uto net ot woho t -i nhi s nl e rOEi r 留学生交流 ・指導研和 VoL10 F Z l Ime t , t , uthC / S hewa sr e ll a yni c et ome . " S8a ls og o ts o mehe l pf ro mh i spr o es f s or ・ Hes a i dt ha thec o lds u o l v et hepr o b l e ms b yhi ms e l fdur inghi ss t ud ya br oa d, a ndba s i c a uyhewa st r yi ngt ode a lw it ht r o ubl e s byhi r ns e l f ・W he nhec oul dno ts o l v et hepr obl e ms ,ho we ve r ,hea s ke df orhe l p ・ Re ga r di nghi sc l a s s e s , hea s ke dh i spr o f e s s o r st ohe l phi m・ ・ S8,Abuts uppo r to nc us s e s 1don ' tt hi nkt ha tlne e de ds up por tf r ompe o pl ea r o undme ・ But , i ft he r ewa sapa r t ha t tid i dn ' tunde r s t a ndi nc l a s sf ore x a mD l eIv is i t e dt heD r O f e s s or' sof nc et oa s k. I s a i dt ot hep r of e s s o rt ha tiha dc ome丘o mJ a prla Sa ni nt e r na t i o na lS t ude nta ndt ha t lha dpr o bl e msw it h unde r s t a ndi n gEng l i s hl e c t ur e s ・ I t e a c hmea ga i n・ " Aユ ho t ug h t hes t ude nt so fbo t hgr oupsus e dt he i rs oc i a ls k i nswhe nt he ywe r e i nt r oubl e ,t hes t ude nt soft hee n j o m ye ntgr oupma debe t t e rus eoft he i rs k i l l s t ha nt hos eo ft henone n ) o me y ntgr oup・ na ti s ,s t ude nt si nt hee n j o m ye ntg r o up c o nt nue i dt or e l yont he i rs oc i a ls kl l se v e ni ft he i rf ir s ta t t e mpt swe r eun s uc c e s s u1 f ・ Us i ngt he i rs k ll i s , he t yt r i e da ga i na nda ga i nt oo bt a i ns o c i ls a uppo r tf romav a r i e t y o fs uppor tr e s o ur c e s ・SIs a i dt ha ts hewa sc o n丘o nt e dw it h di 氏C lt u i e sa ti fr s t ,but s hec o ldi u nc r e a s ehe rs u ppo r tt hr o ug ht r y i ngha r dt oo bt a i ni t ・ Shek ne w血a the r Engl i s hi snotve r ygoo d, buts hea c t i v e l yt ie r dt ot lkt a ope o pl ea r o undhe rv e r y of te nbe c a us es het houg h tt ha ti two ldbebe u t t e rt ot a l kt oge the l pt ha nt odo not hi ng・ ・ Sl, Abouthe rm i nds e tdu ings r t ud ya br oa dt oo bt ins a oc i ls a up po r t L I It houh一i tWoul db be r l e Hot a l kWi t h. e ol l 血 良し血J P血 dono hi t ng・ I fldi ds o, Ⅰm ig h tbea bl et odos ome t hi ng・ ( o is m s i o n)ie v e n一 a u d t o s t r nge a r sonc a mpus ・ Ia lS ot a ke dt opr of e s s o r sb ymy s e l f" Amongt hee n j o me y ntg r o up,Sl,SS,S7a ndS8ma dee f f o r t st oe x pl o r et he i r s uppor tr e s our c e sbyt he ms e l ve s ・ Ther e s toft hegr oup,S4a ndS6,s a i dt ha t" I E Z ) F留学生交流 ・指導研究 』Vol10 a mgr a t e ulf f o rt hepe o pl eIme tdur i ngmys t ud ya br oa d( S4) "" Thepe op l eIme t du ingmys r t ud ya br oa dwe r ewo nde r ul( f S6 ) "a ndt he ya ppr e c i a t et hene t wo r kt he y ∝t a bhs he da ndt hes uppo r tf romt hene t wo r k・ ¶l enOne n j o me y ntg r ou po fs t ude nt s , ont heot he rha nd, qui c uyg a v eupi ft he i r 鮎s ta t t e mpt sa tga l n mgS O C i a lS uppo r tt ome e tt he i rne e dswe r eu ns uc c e s s m ′ m e ne t wor ksoft het wos t ude nt s , S2a ndS3, whobe l o ngt ot henone n J o me y ntg r o up, we r eno thi hl g y de v e l o pe d・ Ne i t he rd i dt he yg e tmuc hs uppo r tI twa sb yc ha nc et ha t t he ybot h ha v emo r et ha n丘v ey e a r so fs t a m ga y br oa de x pe r i e nc e sWh i c hi sl on ge r ha t nt heot he rs t ude nt s( s e eTa bl e1 ) . I ti si nf e r r e dt ha tt he i rEng l i s hwa sgood e no u ha g sS2he r s e l fs id" a I t ' sno tha r dt os pe a kEng hs h・ " lt A hou ht g he ywe r er i c h i ne x pe ie r nc e ss t か nga br oa da ndha dahg h En ghs hc ompe t e nc y , S2s a i d" Idi dn ' t ha v ef he ndst ogooutt o ge he t rw it hO nwe e ke nds ・ " く S 2( 丑'Abo utwhe he t rs hec o ldma u kef ri e ndsi nt heU. S . o rnot " Be c a us eIdi dn ' tma kea ne f f or tt oma kef ri e ndsi nt heU. S. , i twa smo r edi 氏C lt u f o rmet oma k ef he ndst ha nIe x pe c t e d・ ( o is m s i on)Ⅰ血m t og e he t rw it hO nwe e ke nds . " a v e丘i e ndst og ?o u t S 2di dno tl e tpe opl ea r o undhe rk no wt ha ts hewa si nt r o ubl ewhi l es t ud y i n g a br o a d. A ls o , s hef dtt ha ts hewa sno tunde r s t o odb yt he mt ho ug hs het ie r dt ol e t he t mk no wt ha ts hewa si nt r o ubl e . ' S 2 ( 弘 Abutwhe t he rs heha ds o me o net ot a l kt oi nt heU. S. whe ns hewa si nne e d 1ha dt os t ud ymuc hmor ei nt heU・ S・ ha t ni nJ a pa n. Tha twa st oomuc hf o rme . a ny ・ Bute xc e ptf ormypa r e nt s , Idi dn ' t ( o m is s i o n)iwa sd iv r e ni nt oac ome rme nt t lka a bo uti tt ope o pl ea mundme ・ " 1s a i dt ot hee x c ha n gepr o g r m c a oo r di na t ort ha ti twa st ooh打df o rmet oc a t c hu p it w ht heA ns s e s ・ Buthe / S heon bs a i d' do n ' twor r y' a nddi dn ' tunde r s t a ndme . I twa s s oha r df orme : 7 Fur he t r mo r e ,S2ha ddi f nc lt u i e sc or mnuni c a t i ngw it hhe rhos tf a il m y . Thi si s be c a us es hewa s" t oos c a r e dt ot a l k n it w ht he叫 T 留学生交流 ・指導研知 VoH Ot Z l ・ S2③ , Abo utc ommuni c a t i onw it h he rhos tf a muy " Us ua uy,wecommuni c a t ef a c et of a c e ・Butt hehos tf a mi l ye ma i l e dmet o c o mmuni c a t ew it h me , The i rr o omi sj us ti nf r o ntofi m ne ・ ( om is s i on)I fld i dn ' ts a y he l l o , t he yd i dn ' ts a yhe l l ot omea swe n( o is m s i on)The yputano t eo naf ri d gedo o r s 町hg` y o uc a ne a ton lybr e a da ndi mk' ( O i ms s i on)W he nt he yha ds ome hi t ngt he y ne e de dt ot lkt a omea bo ut , he t ywr ot emeal e t t e ra nds l i dei tunde rt hebo t t o mo f myr o omdoo r ・ ( om is s i on)Ⅰf atv e r yba da bo utt hi s ・ ( o is m s i o n)n e ydi dn ' tbu yme t o i l e tt i s s ue , ( o is m s i on)s oIwa swo r ie r da boutwha tt odo . " " Thehos thmu ye a s uyl os tt he i rt e mpe r , s oIwa st oos c a r e dt ot a kw it ht he m・ " I nt hi swa y ,S2c ompl e t e dhe rs t ud ya b r oa dw it ho utne t wo r k i ngwe ne no ug ht o indt f hos ewhoc o ldunde u r s t a ndhe r . ・ S2@ ,Abo utr e l a t i ons hi psw it h pe o pl ea r o undhe r e r ha psIne e de dpe op l ewhounde r s t oodme ・ Ⅰw iS he ds o me o neha ds a i dt ome 1und e r s t a ndy o J( om is s i on)Idi dn ' tha v es uc hpe o plea r o undmed山es t ud yi n g ? a br oa d・ ⅣIha dha dt he ma r o undmet he n, l tm ig h tha v ef e l tl e s sha r dt ha ni tdi d・ " nl eO he t rme mbe ro ft heno ne n j o me y ntgr o up,S3, r e ga r de dhe rs t ud ya br oa d S" t O t a nyS uppo r t l e s s ・ " ¶1 uS , S hec o ldle u a -t o" pe r s e v e r e "a n ds hes pe nt e x pe r i e nc ea mos to ft het i me" do i ngnot hi nga lone . "Shet hi nkst ha ts hel e a -e df ro mhe rs t ud y a br oa d, butt ha tt hef ee hgofi s o l a t i o nwa sv e r y" ha r d"f orhe r ・ く S3① ,Abo u ts uppor tpr o ide v db yt heu mi v e r s i t y " Be c a us et heuni v e r s i t ywa st ot a uys u ppo r t l e s s , i twa sv e r yha r df o rme . ( o i ms s i o n) Ie ma i l e dt he mt oa s kq ue s t i o ns , b utt h er ewa snor e p l ya ta l l ・ ( om is s i o n)Pr o bl e ms oc c t -e dkq ue ndy , butt ha nkst ot ha t , Il e a r ne dt ope r s e v e r ea ndt odoi tb vmv s e l L" ・S3@ , Abo utwha twa sl e a me dt hr oug hs t ud ya br oa d 1 don ' tr e gr e tmys t ud ya br o a d・ Ic o ldo u bt inwha a tIc o ldn u ' tbuyw it hmone y ・ ( o is m s i on)Il e a ne dt ope r s e v e r ea ndt odoe v e r phi ngb ymy s e l f ・ ( o is m s i o n) LBPBA! e no ug ht i medo i ngnot hi nga lo ne . " Co mpa f e dt ot hee n j o me y ntg r ou p, t heno ne n ) o me y ntg r o u po bt a ne i dl e s ss o c i l a l ロ F 留学生交流 ・指導研究』VoL10 s uppor t ・Ho we v e r ,i ti ss uppo s e dt ha tbo t hgr o upsofs t ude nt sc ou ldnoto bt in a s o c i ls a u ppo r tb ys i mpl ywa i t i ngo rb yc ha nc e l Be c a us et hee n j o me y ntg r o upa c iv t e 吋 us e dt he i rs o c i ls a k i usa sSld i d, t he yc ou ldga ins oc i ls a uppor tFom t he i IS uppo r t r e s ot ・ uc e s ・ Ont heo he t rha nd, heno t ne n j o me y ntg r o u pdi dn ' ts e e mt ot r yv e r yhr d. Fo ri ns t a nc e , heme t mbe ro ft hen one n j o me y ntg r o u p, S 2, r e c o 訂血e dt ha ts hec o ld u no to bt a ns i up po r tw it ho utt a hnga c t i onb yhe r s e l f , b uts hedi dnotdos o ・ S hec ho s e t obea l onea nd / o rt obes u ppor t e db yhe rf a il m yi nJ a pa nr a t he rt ha nt one t wor k it w ht hepe opl ea r o undhe r ・ ・ S 2,Abutwa y sa ndm i nds e t st oma kef he nds " I nt heU. S. , wec a n ' tma ker fi e ndsi fwedo n ' tt a kea c t i o nt odos o. " 1t houg h tIwo lds u t a yon l yoney e ari nt heU・ S・ ndt a hi ss ome wha ta f f e c t e dmy s t ud ya br oa d・ So, Id i dr l ' tt r vt o丘nda ndj o i na c t i it v i e ss uc ha sc l ubs ・ ( O is m s i o n) " s t " ( W he na s ke dwhowa st hebe s ts uppor t e rdur i nghe rs t udya br oa d)Thebe i v ・ ¶ l e yC a met Ot heUI S・ t os e emea nd s up _ DO r t e rO fmvs t ud va br oa dwa smvf a ml he t yhs t e ne dt omea swe nW he nmyf a il m yl e f tt heU・ S・ , It ho ug h tIwo ldhket u o r e t um t oJ a pa nw it ht he m・ " l V.Cor npr ehensi veI )i scussi on ho r de rt oo bt a i ns up po r t , ir f s tofa l1 , i ti sne c e s s a r yt oo bt i s m uppor tr e s o ur c e s ・ Thepa r t i c I Pa nt Sma deus eofnotonl yor ga ni z at i ona lr e s o ur c e ss uc ha st he ea ndoc c upa t i ona lr e s o u r c e ss uc ha sapr o f e s s o r , bu ta ls o i nt e ma t i ona ls t ude nto氏c pe r s o na l r e s o ur c e ss uc h・ a sc l a s s ma t e sa ndr o omma t e st oag r e a tde a l ・ S uppo r tc a nno t b・ ¶1 cme mbe r sofe x i s t i ngs o c i ln a e t wor k s beo bt a ine ds i mpl ybywa i ingpa t s s i v e s uc ha saf a il m yma ya ppr oa c ht hepa r t i c i pa nt sa nd / ora s kt he m ho wt he ya r e e l y , s i nc es uc he xi s t i n gne t wor k do i n ge v e nt ho ug ht hepa r t i c i pa nti swa i dngpa s s i v he rme mbe r s ・ W he ns t a r ingane t wne t wo r k, me mbe r sc o ns i de rt hef e e hn g so ft heot ho we v e r , a c t i o nt oo bt a ns i o c i a ls u ppo r ti si ndi s pe ns a b l e ・ Mo r e o v e r , a ddi t i o na la c t i o n t oc on ve ywha tk i ndofs uppor tonene e dsa ndt one got ia t eunt i lhe / S heo bt a i ns I ts e e mst ot a keal o n gt imef o r t hea p pr o pr i a t eS u PPO r tt he ywa nti sa lS or e qui r e d・ i nt e ma t i ona ls t ude nt st oc r e a t et he i ro n ne w t wo r kso fpe opl ewhow il lc ons i de r he t i r姐 ng sa st he i rf i iLe m sa ndol df ri e ndsi nJ a pa ndo・ Addi t i o na l l y , i ti sdi 氏C lt u r 留学生交流 ・指導研創 Vol10 旺 T f ort he mt obui l ds uc hane t wor ki mme di a t e l y , whi c hwo ldbede u s i r a bl eduet ot he y ・ s hor tdur a t i onoft he i rs t a Fore xa mpl e ,SIwa sne vousbe r c a us eofhe rl a ngua geha ndi c a p, butbe c a us es he t ,S hec oul df i na l l ye xt e ndhe rne t wor ka nds uppor t . c ont i nue dt oma kea ne f f or Mut ua lC ommuni c a t i onbe t we e nhe rne t wo r kme mbe r sa ndhe r s e l fwa se s t a bl i s he d, n ds a uppor tr e s our c e swe r ema dea va i l a bl e・ Ther e l a t i ons hi pbe t we e nne t wor k e l fbe c a mede e pe ra nds hegots of a ra st obea s ke dque s t i ons me mbe r sa ndhe r s ・ ' mes e r i e sofs uppor ti nc r e a s ei sf わundi nt hi spr oc e s s ;s hede c i de dt o dur i ngc l a s s e s a s kf orhe l p,t ooka c t i onst oa s k,c ont i nue dt ot a kea c t i onsa ndf ul a l l yhe rs uppor t i nc r e a s e d. Amongt hes oc i a ls ki l l sus e dbyt hepa r t i c i pa nt sOft hes t udy,t hes ki l l sof a ppr oa c hi nga ndc ont a c t l ngWe r euS e d丘r s tofa ll :a ppr oa c hi ngbyt a l k i nga c t i ve l y t ope opl ea r oundt he ma ndc ont a c t l ngPe opl ea ndor ga ni 2 , a t i onswhi c hc ou ldbea s uppor tr e s o ur c e ・ Ne xt , t hes ki l l sofe x pl inl a ngt OOt he r st ha tt he ywe r ei nt r oubl eor i nne e dwe r eus e d・ Addi t i ona n y ,t hes k i l l sofa s k i ngf orhe l pa nda s ki ngque s t i ons we r ea l s ous e d‥t he yl e to血e r skno w血a t血e ywe r ei nne e dofs uppor 亡a ndl e a r ne d rom t f he mw it he nt hus i a s m・ Pa t i e nc et oc ont i nuene got i a t i ona ndt oa s kr e pe a t e dl y k i l l ・Be s i de ss uc hbe ha vi or ,i twoul dbe s e e mst obeaki ndofr e pe t i t i ves oc i ls a ti ves ki l l sa sawa yoft hi nk i ng・ Fori ns t nc a e , be i nga c t i v e r e a s ona bl et oi nc l udec o gni a ndmot i va t e da r ec ogni t i ves k i l l st ha tl e a dt one t wor ki ngw it hpe opl e ・As ki ng a boutwha tonedoe snotunde r s t ndi a sa l s oac ogni t i ves k i l lt opos i t i v e l yc ons i de r one ' sne e dsofs uppo r t L Be i ngt ol e r a ntofone ' Sl a ngua geha ndi c a pa ndno tbe i ngt oo ne vousi r sa not he rc ogni t i ves k i n・ Thee n j o yme ntgr oupma def ul lus eoft he s es k i l l sa ndt he r e f or ec oul dc r e a t e as uppor tne t wor ka r o undt hem・ The ywe r es uc c e s s uli f nc ompl e t i nga c a de mi c t a s ks ,S ol vi ngpr obl e msa ndove r c omi ngunf a il m i a ra c c i de nt s ・ Thent he yc a me t obes a t i s f i e dw it h,t obegr a t e んlt oa ndt oha vepos i t i vef e e l i ngsf ort hehos t I c ount r yspe opl e , s a yl ngt ha tt he ye n ) O y e dt he i rs t udya br oa d・¶ l e i rs uppor tne t wor k c ont r i but e dt obot ht hepr e ve nt i ona nds o l ut i onofpr obl e ms ,a ndt hec r e a t i onof , a dde dva l uet ot he i rs t udya br oa d.A lt houg h t he yha ds omedi f f i c l ut i e sa tf i r s t he t ya ppr e c i a t e dt he i rs t udya br oa di nt hee nd. I twou ldber e a s ona bl et oc onc l ude ha t tt heus eofs oc i a ls ki nsf os t e r e dc r os s I C lt u ur a la d j us t me ntoft hei nt e r na t i ona l EEL F留学生交流 ・指導研創 Vo110 S t ude nt so ft hes t ud yb yo bt a i ni ngS OC i ls a u ppor t ・ So mes t ude nt soft hes t ud ywe r enotne c e s s a r i l yw皿ngt one t wo r kw it h pe o pl e a r o undt he m, butt ha twa snotbe c a us eoft he i rhc kofl a n g ua gec o mpe t e nc ya nd e x pe ie r nc e si nf or e i gnc o unt r i e s ・S2a ndS3, whodi dnotde ve l o pt he i rhuma n r e l a t i ons hi pse i he t rqua li t a t i v e l ynorq ua nt i t a t i v e l y ,ha v eahi hl g e v e lofl a ng ua ge c ompe t e nc ya mon gt hepa r dc I Pa nt SO ft hes t ud y ・ The ys a i dt ha tt he ywe r epa s s i v e be c a us et he yf o undi tt r o ubl e s omet oma kef r i e ndsa ndbe c a us et he yc o ul ds t a y o n l yf oroney e a I ・ 二 me YC hos eno tt oa ppr oa c hpe op l ei nt he i rho s tc o unt r yl at hou h g t he yk ne wt ha ti ti si mpor t a ntf ort he mt oma kea ppr oa c he st he ms e l v e si no r de rt o ma k ef ri e nds I I no he t rwo r ds , he t ydi dnotr e l yo nt hepe opl eo ft hehos tc ount r y . Thi sm ig h tbebe c a us et he ydi dnott hi nkhi hl g yofne t WO r k i nga ndbe c a us et he y di dno tl ongf orhuma nr e l a t i ons hi ps ・ I tmi h ta g l s obebe c a us eofdi f f e r e nc e si n e n ir v onme nt ss uc ha swhe r et he ys t udi e da ndwha tc l a s s e st he yt o o k・ I ft hes oc i l a ne t wo r koft hei nt e r na t i ona ls t ude nt swa snotde v e l o pe de no u ha g ndt m Sh l te yha d l e s ss u ppor t , i tt e nde dt obedi 氏C ltf u o rt he mt os o l v epr o b l e mst ha toc c u r r e dt o t he md ur i ngt he i rs t ud ya br oa d・ I ti sa ppr o pr l a t et OC OnC l udet ha tne t wo r k i n gw inhe l pl nt e ma t i ona ls t u de nt st o s o l v epr o bl e msa ndt oma ket he i rs t ud ya br oa de n j o y a bl e ・ Ho we v e r ,ne t wo r k i ngi s notr e q ui r e dunc ondi t i ona l l ya same a nst oa ppr e c i a t i ngt heme a ni ngO fs t ud yhg a br oa d・W he t he rne t wor ki ngwor kswe l lornotde pe ndsona ni ndi vi dua l ' s pr e f e r e nc e si nwha tt he ye xpe c tf r om h i s nl e rS t ud ya br oa d・ Ne v e r he t l e s s , i fs hor t t e r me x c ha nges t ude nt sw is ht oma ket he i rs t ud ya br o a d" e n j o y a bl e "a ndi ft he yw is h t opr e v e nta nd / ors ol ve" pr obl e ms "a ndi ft he ywi s ht o" ne t wo r k "We l ldu r i ngt he i r s t ud ya br oa d, hes t e ie r so ff o r ml ngaS uppo r tne t WOr kw inbeake yf o rt he m, I ti si nf e r r e df r o mt hes t ud yt ha tt hef o no i ngt w h r e et hi ngsa r eus e ult f oo bt a i n s o c i a ls u ppo r t : t oa c q ul r eS O C i a ls k i ns , t oputt hes k i l l si nt opr a c t i c ea ndno tt og i v euP q u i c k l y( Fi g ur e 2) . Fo ri ns t a nc e , whe nS7ne e de dEn g l i s hs uppo r t , s hea c t i v e l yus e d hes t k i nso fa ppr o a c h nga i nde x p l a i n i nghe rs i t ua t i o nt ope o pl ea r o undhe rt oo bt a i n t hes u ppo r t ・ Al ho t ug hs hec ou ldno tg e tt hes u ppor ts hewa nt e df romhe rc hs s ma t e s a t丘r s t , s hec ont i nue dt ous et hes k i l lw it h he rpr of es s o r ・ Fi nany , s hewa sa b l et oge t s up po r tf romt hepr o f e s s orbe c a us es hedi dnotgiv eu Pq ui c k l y . Thus , i ti si mp l i e d ha t tbodlmo r er e Pe r t Oi l e SO fs oc i ls a k i l l sa ndmoremo t i va t i o nt ous et he r nwo ld u Ol 正 l r 留学生交流 ・指呼研創 Vol1 bea dva nt a ge oust oa c hi e v et hec r os s I C lt u ur a la d j us t me ntofs hor t t e m i r nt e ma t i ona l s t ude nt st hr oug h ga i nl ngs oc i a ls uppor t ・ F I g U r e2.T h et Ta na k a , T・( 1 99 4) ISoc i a lSki l l sf o r St ud m gi y nt heU・ S・ Pos i t i veCon v e r s a t i onSki l l sl l nJ a pa ne s e ] ・ , Al e . Ta na ka , T,Ta ka l , J ・ ,Ko h ya ma ,T・ ,良 Fu j i ha r a ,T.( 1 99 4 ) ・Ad j us t me ntpa t t e r nso fi n t e r na t i o na l s t ude nt si nJ a pa nJn t e r na t i ona l J o ur na lo fl nt e r c ul t ur a lRe l a t i ons ,1 8, 5 57 5・ Ta ka ha ma , A ,& Ta na ka , T・( 2007) ・ Aba l a nc eo ft r l POdmode lf ofS a t i s f a c t l O nC ha ngl ngPa t t e r ns ors f ho r t t e r mi nt e r na t l O na ls t ude nt sf r om/ t oJ a pa nt ha tf oc us e sonl n V O I v e me ntl nhos ts oc l e t i e s . Apa pe rpr e s e nt e da HheSe v e nt hConf er e nc eofA si a nA ss oA nt i o no fSoc i a lPs y c ho l o gy ・ Wa r d,C.& Ke nne d y ,A・( 1 99 6 ) ・Cr o s s i n gc l ut ur e s¶l er e l a t i ons hi pbe t we e nps yc ho l o gl C a la nd s oc i oI C ul t ur a ldi me ns i o nso fc r os s c ul t ur a la d j us t me nt ・l nPa nde r , J . ,Si nha ,D.良 Bha wu k,D. , si A a nCont r i but i onst oCr os s c ul t u r a lPs y c ho l o g y ,Sa ge . T・ ,& Ta na ka , T.( 2001 ) IRo l e so fs oc i a ls uppo r ta nds oc i a ls k i l l sl nt hei nt e r c u l t ur a la dYa s hi ma, j us t me nto nJ a pa ne s ea do l e s c e nts o j our ne r si nt heUSA,Ps y c ho l o gi c a lRe po r t s ,88 ,1 201 1 21 0・ Acknowl edgeRent Par toft hi swor kwass uppor t edbyKAKENHI( Gr Ant i nAi df orSc i ent i f i c C)( 2)Nol16530403,r e p, r es ent a t i veTomoko′ n nak2 L ) ・ Res ear ch( r 留学生交流 ・指導研知 Vo110 E E L
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