᪥ᚰ➨ 㻣㻞 ᅇ䠄㻞㻜㻜㻤䠅 Ⓨ㐩㻌 㻟㻱㼂㻜㻞㻥㻌 ࠙ࠖࠕࡓ࠭∝⟲ఽߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡚ࠪࡦ․ᕈ ̆⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕࠬߩ੍⊛ᬌ⸛߆ࠄ̆ ٤ᵻ↰ᤩ㧝㧞ንᷡ㓉㧟㧠 (㕖ળຬ)ጟ↰⋿ሶ㧠 (㕖ળຬ)᧼ୖᤘੑ㧝 㧔㧝੩ㇺᄢቇᢥቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㧞ᣣᧄቇⴚᝄ⥝ળ㧟੩ㇺᄢቇකቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㧠ᄢ㒋Ꮢ┙✚วක≮ࡦ࠲㧕 Key words: ࠙ࠖࠕࡓ࠭∝⟲ࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡚ࠪࡦ⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕࠬ ⋡ ⊛ ࠙ࠖࠕࡓ࠭∝⟲㧔WS㧕ߪ↢⊒ޔ㗫ᐲߩ⒘ߥ⚻⊒㆐㓚 ኂߢࠆޕWS ᖚ⠪ߪޔⓍᭂ⊛ߦੱߣ㑐ࠊࠅ⺆ޔᒵ߿ᢥᴺߥ ߤߩ⸒⺆⢻ജߦߘࠇ߶ߤ㓚ኂࠍ␜ߐߕᵹᥰߦߔ߽ߩߩޔ ߒߔ߉ߡߒ߹߁ޔหߓ㗴ࠍ➅ࠅߔޔળ߇ጀ⊛ߥ߽ߩ ߦߥߞߡߒ߹߁ߥߤᣣᏱ↢ᵴߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡚ࠪࡦߦ࿎㔍ࠍ ᛴ߃ࠆߎߣ߇⍮ࠄࠇߡࠆޔߒ߆ߒޕWS ᖚ⠪ߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ ࡚ࠪࡦߦ߅ߡߥ߁ࠃߩߤޔ㕙ߦ㗴߇ࠆߩ߆ⷐߩߘޔ ࿃ࠍ․ቯߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚታ㛎⎇ⓥߪዋߥ⎇ᧄޕⓥߢ ߪߩࡦ࡚ࠪࠤ࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔᒻᘒߩ 1 ߟߢࠆ⾰ޟߟߦޠ ߡޔWS ఽ߇ㆡಾߦ╵߃ࠆߎߣ߇᧪ࠆߩ߆ߤ߁߆ࠍᬌ⸛ߒ ߚޕ ஜᏱఽࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚవⴕ⎇ⓥߢߪޔ‛ߩዻᕈߥߤࠍ߁ න⚐ߥ⾰߃ߪޟߦޠኻߒߡ࿁╵߇ߦޠߪޟߞ ߡߒ߹߁ะ㧔એ㒠ޟޔ⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕࠬߣޠ߱㧕ࠍ 23 ᱦఽ ߪᜬߟߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡࠆ(Okanda & Itakura, 2008)ޔߒ߽ޕWS ఽ߇ޔஜᏱఽࠃࠅ߽ᒝ⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕࠬࠍᜬߟޔߪߊߒ߽ޔஜ Ᏹఽ߇␜ߔᤨᦼࠃࠅ߽㐳㑆⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕࠬࠍ␜ߔߩߢࠇ߫ޔ ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ․ᕈ߇ޔవⴕ⎇ⓥߢႎ๔ߐࠇߡࠆޔળ߇ጀ ⊛ߦߥࠆߣ߁㗴ߣ㑐ㅪߒߡࠆߎߣ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ⎇ᧄޕ ⓥߢߪޔஜᏱఽߢ⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕࠬ߇ᶖᄬߒᆎࠆ㧔⺆ᒵᐕ㦂㧕4 ߆ࠄ 6 ᱦߩ WS ఽߢ⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕࠬ߇ࠄࠇࠆߩ߆ࠍਛᔃߦᬌ ⸛ߒߚޕ ᣇ ᴺ ෳടఽߪᧄޔታ㛎ߣ৻✜ߦ⺆ޔᒵᐕ㦂ࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆߚ⛗ޔ ↹⺆⊒㆐ᬌᩏ㧔㊁የ㘵㐳, 1991㧕ࠍฃߌߚ⊛⚳ᦨޕ ߦ⺆ޔᒵᐕ㦂 2 ߆ࠄ 6 ᱦߩ WS ఽ 11 ੱࠍಽᨆߦߚ㧔ޟ2 ᱦએਅ▚ߣޠߐࠇߚ႐วߪޟޔ2 ᱦߡߒߣޠಽᨆߒߚ㧕ޕෳ ടఽߩ⍮⼂ࠍ߁⾰߃ߪޟߦޠ㑐ߒߡߪޔOkanda & Itakura (2008)ߩᚻ⛯߈ࠍ↪ߒߚౕޕ⊛ߦߪޔෳടఽߦ ߥߓߺߩࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆޠߏࠎࠅ⿒ޟ ޟ㕍ࠦ࠶ࡊޠ ޠᧄ⛗ޟ 㧔Familiar ᧦ઙ㧕ߣߥߩߺߓߥޔᕁࠊࠇࠆ࠶࠼ࡅࠦޟ ࡄޠ ޟ㕦ߴࠄޠ ޟCPUޠ 㧔Unfamiliar ᧦ઙ㧕ࠍ๒␜ߒޔෳടఽ ߩ⍮⼂ࠍ߁⾰ࠍⴕߞߚޕ1 ߟߩ‛ߦኻߒߡޔ4 ߟߩ⾰ ࠍⴕ⾰ߩߘޔߪޔ2 ߟߩ⾰߈ߴࠆ߃╵ߣޠߪޟ㧔㧦 ⿒ࠅࠎߏߪࠇߎޟ㘩ߴࠆ߽ߩ㧫ޠ 㧕ߣ 2 ߟߩ╵ߣޠ߃ޟ ߃ࠆߴ߈⾰㧔㧦⿒ࠅࠎߏ✛ߪࠇߎޟ㧫ޠ㧕߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇ ߡߚ᧦ޕઙߣ⾰ߩ㗅ᐨߪޔෳടఽߏߣߦࠞ࠙ࡦ࠲ࡃ ࡦࠬࠍߣߞߚޕෳടఽߩ⾰߳ߩ࿁╵ะࠍ Okanda & Itakura (2008)ߩᣇᴺࠍෳ⠨ߦߒߚ࿁╵ࡃࠗࠕࠬᓧὐࠍ▚ߒޔಽᨆ ߒߚߩߎޕᓧὐߪޔ-1 ߆ࠄ 1 ߹ߢ୯ࠍขࠅޔ1 ߪෳടఽ߇ߔ ߴߡߩ⾰ߦኻߒߡޔߣߎߚ߃╵ߣޠߪޟ-1 ߪߔߴߡߩ⾰ ߦኻߒߡޔߒ␜ࠍߣߎߚ߃╵ߣޠ߃ޟ0 ߪޔ ޠߪޟ ޟ ߃߁ߣޠ࿁╵ߩ↥ߦࠅ߇ߥߎߣࠍ␜ߔޕ ஜᏱఽࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚ Okanda & Itakura (2008)ߩ⎇ⓥߢߪޔ4 ᱦ߆ࠄ⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕࠬ߇ᶖᄬߒᆎࠆะߦߞߚޔߢߎߘޕ WS ఽߢ߽㧔⺆ᒵᐕ㦂㧕4 ᱦએ㒠ߢޔห᭽ߦ⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕࠬ߇ᶖ ᄬߒᆎࠆߩ߆ߤ߁߆ࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚߦޔಽᨆࠍ⺆ᒵᐕ㦂 4 ߆ࠄ 6 ᱦఽߣ 23 ᱦఽߢಽߌߡⴕߞߚޕ ⚿ ᨐ ߹ߕ⺆ᒵᐕ㦂 4 ߆ࠄ 6 ᱦߩ WS ఽ 8 ੱࠍಽᨆߒߚ⚿ߩߘޕ ᨐޔᐔဋ࿁╵ࡃࠗࠕࠬᓧὐߪޔFamiliar ᧦ઙ 0.04(SD:0.28)ޔ Unfamiliar ᧦ઙ-0.02(SD:0.41)ߢߞߚޕ࿁╵ߩࠅ߇ߥߎ ߣࠍ␜ߔ 0 ߆ࠄߩᏅࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚߦޔ1 ࠨࡦࡊ࡞ߩ t ᬌቯ ࠍⴕߞߚߣߎࠈޔਔ᧦ઙߢ 0 ߆ࠄߩᏅߪᗧߢߪߥ߆ߞߚ (Familiar ᧦ઙ㧦t(7)=0.424, p>0.684; Unfamiliar ᧦ઙ㧦t(7)=-0.143, p>0.890)⺆ޔߪߣߎߩߎޕᒵᐕ㦂 4 ߆ࠄ 6 ᱦߩ WS ఽߪޔ ‛ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⍮⼂ࠍ߁න⚐ߥ⾰߃ߪޟߦޠ⢐ቯࡃ ࠗࠕࠬࠍ␜ߐߥߎߣࠍ␜ໂߔࠆޕᰴߦޔዋੱᢙߢߪࠆ߇ޔ ᱷࠅߩ⺆ᒵᐕ㦂 23 ᱦߩ WS ఽ 3 ੱߦߟߡᬌ⸛ࠍⴕߞߚޕ ߘ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ ޔᐔ ဋ ࿁ ╵ ࡃ ࠗ ࠕ ࠬ ᓧ ὐ ߪ ޔFamiliar ᧦ ઙ 0.83(SD:0.17)ޔUnfamiliar ᧦ઙ 0.64(SD:0.41)ߢߞߚߩߎޕᢙ ୯ߪޔవⴕ⎇ⓥߩஜᏱఽ 23 ᱦߣᲧセߒߡᄢ߈ߥ୯ࠍ␜ߒߡ ࠆޕ 1.00 Familiar 0.80 Unfamiliar 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.00 -0.20 4 ߆ࠄ 6 ᱦఽ 㧔8 ੱ㧕 23 ᱦఽ 㧔3 ੱ㧕 ࿑㧦WS ఽ⺆ᒵᐕ㦂 4 ߆ࠄ 6 ᱦఽ߮ 23 ᱦఽߩ⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕ ࠬᓧὐ㧔ࠛࡃߪᮡḰ⺋Ꮕࠍ␜ߔޕ㧕 ⠨ ኤ એߩߎߣ߆ࠄ⺆ޔᒵᐕ㦂 4 ᱦએ㒠ߩ WS ఽߢߪ⢐ቯࡃࠗ ࠕࠬࠍ␜ߐߥߎߣ߇ࠄ߆ߦߐࠇ ࠅࠃߦࠇߘޔ4 ᱦߣ߁ ⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕࠬߩᶖᄬᤨᦼ߇⺆ᒵᐕ㦂ࠍၮḰߦߒߚ႐วޔWS ఽߢߪஜᏱఽߣߪᄌࠊࠄߥน⢻ᕈ߇␜ໂߐࠇߚޔߚ߹ޕஜ Ᏹఽߩ⛔⟲߇ෳടߒߡߥ߽ߩߩޔ⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕࠬ߇ⷰኤ ߐࠇࠆ⺆ᒵᐕ㦂 2㨯3 ᱦߣ߁ᤨᦼߢߪޔWS ఽߪ㕖Ᏹߦᒝ ⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕࠬࠍ␜ߔน⢻ᕈ߇␜ໂߐࠇߚޕߪ੍⊛ᬌ⸛ ߛ߇ޔᓟߪࠃࠅᱜ⏕ߥᬌ⸛ࠍߔࠆߚޔஜᏱఽߩ⛔⟲߽ ߚߢߐࠄߦෳടੱᢙࠍჇ߿ߒޔWS ఽߩ⺆ᒵᐕ㦂 4 ߆ ࠄ 6 ᱦఽߪ⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕࠬࠍ␜ߐߥߩ߆ ߚ߹ޔWS ఽߩ⺆ᒵ ᐕ㦂 23 ᱦఽߪஜᏱఽߣᲧߴࠅࠃޔᄢ߈ߥ⢐ቯࡃࠗࠕࠬࠍ␜ ߔߩ߆ࠍᬌ⸛ߒߡߊᔅⷐ߇ࠆޕ ᒁ↪ᢥ₂ Okanda, M. & Itakura, S. (2008). Children in Asian cultures say yes to yes-no question: Common and cultural differences between Vietnamese and Japanese children. International Journal of Behavioral Development. ㊁৻ᒾየ⍮ା㘵㐳༑৻㇢. (1991). ⛗↹⺆⊒㆐ᬌ ᩏ 1991 ᐕୃᱜ . ᧲੩㧦ᣣᧄᢥൻ⑼ቇ␠. 㸫1253㸫 㧔ASADA Kosuke, TOMIWA Kiyotaka, OKADA Masako, ITAKURA Shoji㧕
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