᪥ᚰ➨ 㻣㻡 ᅇ䠄㻞㻜㻝㻝䠅㻌 ཎ⌮䞉᪉ἲ㻌 㻞㻭㻹㻜㻝㻝㻌 ࠕᚲせ༑ศ᮲௳ࠖㄽᩥ㸦C.R.Rogers 1957㸧ࡢࠎ᳨ウ㸦ࡑࡢ㸰㸧 㹼 ࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬࡣ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࢽ࣮ࢳ࢙࡛࠶ࡿ 㹼 Ἠ㔝 ῟Ꮚ 㸦⩌㤿ᏛᏛ㝔་Ꮫ⣔◊✲⛉㸧 ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ: ࣮࣭࢝ࣝࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬࠊ⬺࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍࠊ࢝࢘ࣥࢭࣜࣥࢢ New Review of ͆The Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Therapeutic Personality Change (C.R.Rogers 1957)͇̺2̺ Junko IZUMINO (Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine) Key words: C.R.Rogers, slough off Christianity, counseling ┠ ⓗ ࡿࠊ㧗ࡃホ౯ࡍࡿࠊᑛࡪ࠸࠺ព࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊ⚄ࢆᓫᣏࠊ ᖺᘬࡁ⥆ࡁࠊRogers ࡢ௦⾲ⓗㄽᩥࠕ⒪ⓗ࡞ࣃ࣮ࢯࢼ ㆭ⨾ࡋࠊ〔ࡵࡓࡓ࠼ࡿࡣ praise ࢆ࠺ࠋ ࣜࢸኚࡢᚲせ༑ศ᮲௳ࠖ㸦1957㸧ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾࠊ ࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬࡢ୧ぶࡀᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ⾗ὴᩍ congregational ᙼࡢ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍほࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡍࡿࠋ church ࡣࣦ࢝ࣝࣥὴᒓࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸦ඵ௦ࠊ1992㸧ࠊࡑ ཝ᱁࡞࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍࢆ⇕ᚰಙ௮ࡍࡿᐙᗞ⏕ࡲࢀ⫱ࡕࠊ㟷 ࡢ⚄Ꮫᛮ࠾࠸࡚⚄ᑐࡍࡿ㈹ㆭࡣ⤯ᑐ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀࢆ ᖺᮇࣘࢽ࢜ࣥ⚄ᏛᏛ࡛Ꮫࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡇࡽࠊࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬ せ⣙ࡍࢀࡤ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺ゝ࠺ࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ࡣ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍぶᛶࡢ࠶ࡿᏑᅾࡋ࡚ㄒࡽࢀࡿࡇࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡾࢃࡅ᪥ᮏࡢࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬ◊✲➨୍ୡ௦ゝࢃࢀࡿ◊✲⪅ࡢ ࠕࣦ࢝ࣝࣥࡣ࠸࠺ࠋ⚄ࢆ▱ࡿࡁࠊ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࡲࡎ⚄ࢆ⏽ࢀ ᩗ࠸ࠊࡘࡂࡍ࡚ࡢၿࢆ⚄ồࡵࠊㆭ⨾ࢆ⚄ࡉࡉࡆࡿࡔ 㛫࠾࠸࡚ࡑࡢほࡣᙉ࠸ࠋࡋࡋࠊⴭసࢆࡼࡃ᳨ウࡍࢀࡤࠊ ࢁ࠺ࠋࡘࡲࡾ⚄ࢆㆭ⨾ࡋࠊ ࠊ⚄ࢆ୰ᚰࡋࡓ⏕άࡀጞࡲࡿ ࡑࡢ࢝࢘ࣥࢭࣜࣥࢢㄽࡢᗏὶࡣ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍࡣ┦ᐜࢀ࡞࠸ ࠸࠺ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞ࡐࠊ⚄ࢆㆭ⨾ࡍࡿࡢࠋࡑࢀࡣே㛫ࡀ⚄ࡢ ⢭⚄ࡀ⬦ࠎὶࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀぢ࡚ࢀࡿࠋ ࠗไస≀࡛࠘࠶ࡾࠊࡋࡶࠗ⚄ࢆㄆ㆑ࡍࡿ࠸࠺᮲௳ࡢࡶ ࢝࢘ࣥࢭࣜࣥࢢࡀ⪅ࡢ⏕ࡁ᪉㛵ࢃࡿႠࡳ࡛࠶ࡿ௨ୖࠊ ⏕ࡲࢀࠊ⏕άࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡽ࡛࠘࠶ࡿࠖ ࡑࡢ⌮ㄽࡀࡢࡼ࠺࡞ୡ⏺ほࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇ 㸦ஂ⡿ࠊ1980ࠊp.16ࠊୗ⥺ࡣᘬ⏝⪅ࡼࡿ㸧 ࡣពࡢ࠶ࡿࡇ⪃࠼ࡿࠋ ࣦ࢝ࣝࣥὴ࡛࡞ࡃࡶࠊ⚄ࢆᑛࡧࠊ㈹ㆭࡍࡿࡢࡣ࢟ ᪉ ἲ ࣜࢫࢺᩍࡢ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ᐀ὴඹ㏻ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ࢟ࣜࢫࢺ ࠕ᭶ࢫࢵ࣏ࣥࠖゝ࠼ࡤࠊࡘࡢࡶࡢࡀࡃࡅ㞳ࢀ࡚ ᩍ࠾࠸࡚ praise ࡉࢀࡿࡁࡣ⚄࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬࡣࡑ ࠸ࡿࡇࡢ࠼࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢẚ႘ࡀᡂ❧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡣࠊࡋ ࡢ࢝࢘ࣥࢭࣜࣥࢢㄽ࠾࠸࡚ࠊprize ࡉࢀࡿࡢࡣே㛫࡛࠶ࡿ ࡋࠊ୧⪅㛫㢮ఝⅬࡀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋኪ✵㍤ࡃ᭶ࡶࠊ ᐉゝࡋࡓࠋᑛ㔜ࡉࢀࡿࡁࡣ⚄࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃே㛫࡛࠶ࡿࠊࠋᗂ Ỉ㎶ࢆ㏺࠺࣓࢝ࡢ୍✀ࡶࠊඹ࠸࠸࠺ඹ㏻ࡢᛶ㉁ࡀ࠶ࡿ ᑡᮇࡽᚭᗏࡋ࡚⚄ࢆ㔜ࢇࡌࡿᩍ࠼ࢆ྇ࡁ㎸ࡲࢀࡓࣟࢪ࣮ࣕ ࡽᑐẚ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ␗㉁࡞Ⅼࢆ㝿❧ࡓࡏࡿࡓࡵࠊ࠶࠼୍࡚ぢ ࢬ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࡇࡑࠊࡇࡢゝⴥࡢᣢࡘពࡣ㔜࠸ࠋ ྠࡌぢ࠼ࡿࡶࡢࢆ୪ࡿಟ㎡࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬࡢㄽᩥࡣࠊ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍ࠾࠸࡚㔜せ࡞ᴫᛕࡸ ⪃ ᐹ ゝⴥࡀᩓぢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 㸦ࡑࡢ㸯㸧࡛ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓ separate ࠸࠺ ࡞ࡐࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬࡣ㎽㐲࡞⾲⌧ࢆࡋࡓࡢࠋࡑࢀࡣ࣐ࢵ࣮࢝ ⏝ㄒࡶࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊࡔࡽゝࡗ࡚ෆᐜࡀ࢟ࣜࢫࢺ ࢩࢬ࣒྿ࡁⲨࢀࡿ 1950 ᖺ௦ࡢ⡿ᅜ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⚄ࢆಙ௮ࡋ࡞࠸ ᩍぶᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡴࡋࢁ⮬ศࡢ࢝࢘ࣥࢭࣜࣥ ⪅ࡣᐜඹ⩏⪅ぢ࡞ࡉࢀࡡࡎࠊ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍᅜ࣓ࣜ࢝ ࢢㄽࡣ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍᛮࡣࡅ㞳ࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ㝿❧ ࠾࠸࡚↓⚄ㄽ⪅࡛࠶ࡿࡣ♫ⓗ㏣ᨺࡉࢀࡡ࡞࠸௦⫼ ࡓࡏࠊఝ࡚㠀࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆᬯ♧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ࠶࠼࡚ ᬒࡔࡗࡓࡇ↓㛵ಀ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋᙼࡣࠊࡑࡢኻ⬮ࢆ ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞⾲⌧᪉ἲࢆࡗࡓࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ 㢪࠺ᩛᑐ⪅ࡓࡕࡶᒃࡓ㸦Ἠ㔝ࠊ2005㸧ࠋࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢺᮏᚰࢆㄒ ࡑࢀࡣࢽ࣮ࢳ࢙ࡢࠗࢶࣛࢺࢫࢺࣛࡣࡇ࠺ㄒࡗࡓ࠘ࡀḯ ᐃ⪷᭩㠀ᖖࡼࡃఝࡓᩥయ࡛᭩ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆᛮࢃࡏࡿࠋ ࢀ࡞࠸௦࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊㄽᩥࡢ୰⬺࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍࡢ⢭⚄ࢆࡑࡗ 㸦ࡲࡿ࡛ࢥ࣮ࢻࡢࡼ࠺㸧ᚸࡧ㎸ࡲࡏࡓᛮ࠼࡚࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ ᙜ↛ࡢࡇ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࢽ࣮ࢳ࢙ࡣ⚄ࢆᩗឡࡍࡿࡀࡓࡵ⪷᭩ࡢ ࡛ࡁࢀࡤ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮ሙ࡚᮶ሙ⪅ࡽពぢࢆ㈷ࡾࢹࢫ࢝ ㄒࡾཱྀఝࡏ࡚ࠗࢶࣛࢺࢫࢺࣛ࠘ࢆ᭩࠸ࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡼࡗ࡚⪃ᐹࢆ῝ࡵࡓ࠸ࠋ ࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬࡢㄽᩥࡢ୰ࡽ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍᛮࢆᙸᙿࡉࡏࡿ ᴫᛕࢆྲྀࡾฟࡋࠊ୧⪅ࢆᑐ↷ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚┦␗Ⅼࢆ㩭᫂ ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩ ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࢆࡿࠋ Ἠ㔝῟Ꮚ㸦2005㸧C.R.ࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬࡳࡿ⮫ᗋᚰ⌮Ꮫ⢭⚄་ Ꮫࡢ┦ඞࠊᚰ⌮Ꮫྐࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ࡓࡕࠊబ⸨㐩ဢ⦅ࠊㄔಙ᭩ ⤖ ᯝ ᡣࠊ123-137 ࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬࡣㄽᩥ୰ࠊ↓᮲௳ࡢ⫯ᐃⓗ㓄៖ࠕunconditional ஂ⡿࠶ࡘࡳ㸦1980㸧ே㢮ࡢ▱ⓗ㑇⏘ 28 ࣦ࢝ࣝࣥࠊㅮㄯ♫ positive regardࠖࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡣ J.ࢹ࣮ࣗࡀࡑࡢㄒࢆࡗ Rogers, C.R. (1957) The necessary and sufficient conditions of ࡓࡢྠࡌࡼ࠺ࡑࡢேࢆᑛ㔜ࡍࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠕIt means a therapeutic personality change. Journal of Consulting “prizing” of the person, as Dewey has used that term.ࠖ㸦p.98㸧 Psychology, vol.21, 2, 95-103 ఀᮾ༤࣭ᮧᒣṇ(┘ヂ) 2001 ᘬ⏝➢ࡘࡁࡢ prizing ࡛ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊᘓタⓗ࡞ࣃ ࣟࢪ࣮ࣕࢬ㑅㞟㸦ୖ㸧ࠊㄔಙ᭩ᡣࠊ265-286 ࢯࢼࣜኚࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡓࡵࡢᚲせ༑ศ᮲௳ࡢ୍ࡘࡣࠊࢭࣛࣆ ඵ௦ᓫ㸦┘ಟ 1992㸧࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍ㈨ᩱ㞟̿࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍྐ࣭᪂ඹ ࢫࢺࡀࢡࣛࣥࢺࢆ prizing ࡍࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿᙇࡍࡿࠋ ྠヂ⪷᭩࣭⪷බ̿ ⪷බฟ∧ ᪂ⱥ㎡㸦◊✲♫㸧ࡢ㎡᭩ࡼࢀࡤࠊprize ࡣࠊྡモ ࡛ࡣ㈹ࡸ㈹ရࠊ㈹್ࡍࡿ⣲ᬕࡽࡋ࠸ࡶࡢࠊືモ࡛ࡣ㔜ࢇࡌ ̿ 11 ̿
© Copyright 2024 ExpyDoc
