ﾌiPe ｹ m Y ｰe ] ﾊｰﾌｿﾁ fｰｷY ｵ fﾀｯ

47..........................................................................
*
1983
60
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
(
)
.
.
.
:
*
..............................................................................................48
-1
.
60
-1-1
.(Black, 2003)
1969
.
.
.(EM, 2000)
2
80
1
3
.(Black, 2003)
80
1/4
1977
.
.
.
.
.
4
1. Judge Jack Law
2. New Mexico
3. Spiderman
4. Florida
1983
.(Gomme, 1995; EM, 2000)
49..........................................................................
32
95
1998
.
40
1
:
2
:
3
3
.
.
.
4
5
7
1. Continuously Signaling
2. Programmed Contact
3. Active Systems
4. Correctional Official
5. Passive System
6. Random
7. Specific Times
6
-2-1
.
. (Schmidt, 1998; EM, 2000)
.
2300 1988
.
.(EM, 2000)
.
.
..............................................................................................50
.
.(HCEM)
.
.
.(Ibid, 1998)
1
.
(GPS)
.
.
24
GPS
.
3
:
:
4
1. Voice Verification
2. Advantage
3. Disadvantage
4. Over Crowding
2
-2
-1-2
51..........................................................................
1
(Black, 2003)
(
)
2
:
:
3
-2-2
:
(Ibid)
4
:
:
(EM, 2000)
.
1. Labeling
2. Prevention
3. Discriminatory
4. Privacy
.
.
..............................................................................................52
1
:(
)
.(Bonta et al., 1999)
2
-3
.
.
4
3
.
5
6
.
1. Net Widening
2. Recidivism
3. Re-Offending
4. Traditional Custody
5. Columbia
6. Order
:
.
.
-1-3
53..........................................................................
1
.
.
:
4
.
3
-1-1-3
1987
2
.
.
%89/3
.
.
%30/4
.
.(EM, 2000)
1994
:
-2-1-3
.
.
.
1. Saskatchewan
2. Minimum Risk
3. Non-Violent
4. Learning Resources Program
.
.
4
(LRP)
..............................................................................................54
.
.
.
.
1999
%87/5
%50
72
.
%32/1
.(Ibid)
90
:
-3-1-3
1996
84
1
20
.
.
(%17/3)
(%32/1)
1
.
%17/3
(%30/4)
3
.
:
.
%26/7
.
1. Needs Levels
.
%33/3
55..........................................................................
.
3
(
%37/9
.
)
.
.
.(Ibid)
1
.
LPR
.
%31/6
LPR
)
%51/1
.
(
.
.
.(Ibid)
:
1989
%60
1. Effectiveness of Treatment
.
-2-3
6
..............................................................................................56
%82
1995
1992
1995
1999
.
.
1
.(Marie, 2008)
%95
%1
.
.
.
.
%68
%31
.
14
.
»
«
.(HCCPA, 2006: Ibid)
20
.(Marie, 2008)
:
-3-3
.
.(Lilly et al., 1993)
.
.
1. Home Detention Curfew (HDC) Scheme
57..........................................................................
%5
.(Petersilia, 1987)
(
)
.
300
.(Sherman et al., 1998)
.(Wiebush, 1992)
(
4
3
)
.
288
.(Baumer et al., 1991)
6
.(HCEM)
1
:
.
.
-4-3
1997
.(Di Tella et al., 2007)
.
.
.
1. Buenos Aires
..............................................................................................58
2002
1
2
2005
1998
.( Renzema, et al., 2005: Di Tella et al , 2007)
.
2006
» (Aos, et al., 2006)
.«...
.
(
.
)
%8
.
%25/1
%17/4
.( Di Tella et al., 2007)
.
)
(
.(Ibid, 2007)
1. Renzema
2. Mayo Wilson
59..........................................................................
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2000
.(Courtright, et al., 1997: Ibid)
445
.(Gainey, et al., 2000: Ibid)
.
..............................................................................................60
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1.
2.
Aos, S., Miller, M., Elizabeth, D. (2006), Evidence-Based Public Policy Options to
Reduce Future Prison Construction, Criminal Justice Costs, and Crime Rates,
Olympia: Washington State Institute for Public Policy.
Black, M. G., Smite, R. (2003), Electronic Monitoring in the Criminal Justice
System, Australian Institute of Criminology.
61..........................................................................
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Bonta, j., Wallace-Capretta, S., Rooney, J. (1999), Electronic Monitoring in
Canada, May.
Di Tella, R., Schargrodsky, E. (2007), Criminal Recidivism after Prison and
Electronic Monitoring, November 28.
Electronic monitoring (2000), John Howard Society of Alberta.
Home Confinement/Electronic Monitoring, IN:
http:// www.dsgonline.com/mpg2.5/ home_confinement.htm
Marie, O. (2008), Early Release from Prison and Recidivism: A Regression
Discontinuity Approach.

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