FINAL CONFERENCE Networking EUROPE STOCKHOLM 15.05.2014 Intra-European migrants IEM and Roma in Ghent. Empowerment through work Martin Balogh & Luc Vanden Berge Stad Gent Dienst Werk & Integratiedienst POPULATION FIGURES IEM 7000 Bulgarije 6000 5000 Estland Hongarije Kroatië 4000 Letland 3000 Litouwen Polen 2000 Roemenië 1000 0 Slovakije Slovenië Tsjechië CONTENT • • • • • Numerical data IEM Ghent Roma in Ghent Flemish policy Ghent policy Actions in the field of employment: - Project Anchor Figures - Work Experience Project + • Conclusion BELGIUM IEM IN GHENT Nationaliteit 31.12.2003 31.12.2004 31.12.2005 31.12.2006 31.12.2007 31.12.2008 31.12.2009 31.12.2010 31.12.2011 31.12.2012 31.12.2013 Bulgarije Estland Hongarije 341 392 534 667 1765 2835 3946 5112 5630 6024 6633 3 3 4 4 7 6 9 14 20 10 17 76 55 43 36 49 68 92 152 135 132 140 42 Kroatië Letland 13 14 12 18 20 22 36 46 59 79 73 Litouwen 21 30 36 39 36 40 64 63 76 71 75 248 289 371 460 638 805 934 1057 1081 1187 1285 71 72 87 89 103 109 121 133 175 215 274 Slovakije 181 291 625 956 1112 1168 1423 1836 1930 1675 1688 Slovenië 9 5 6 5 6 6 20 30 29 26 31 Tsjechië 85 81 115 133 150 157 213 288 298 266 277 TOTAAL 1054 1232 1833 2425 3892 5455 6876 8731 9433 9685 10535 Polen Roemenië POPULATION FIGURES IEM GHENT 7000 Bulgarije 6000 5000 Estland Hongarije Kroatië 4000 Letland 3000 Litouwen Polen 2000 Roemenië 1000 0 Slovakije Slovenië Tsjechië ACCESS TO LABOR MARKET • New EU10 countries citizens (member EU since May 2004) : full access since May 2009; • Bulgarian and Romanian citizens (member EU Jan. 2007) : transitional rules untill end 2013, since 1 Jan. 2014 full access labor market; • Croatian citizens: transitional rules: need a work permit; a part can only work in bottleneck professions; no full access to VDAB (regular service for job placement) UNEMPLOYMENT NUMBERS QUALIFICATION JOB SEEKERS ROMA IN GHENT 28.02.2014 Bulgarije Estland Hongarije ( Rep. ) numbers estimated % Roma estimated number Roma 6860 60% 4116 1720 90% 1548 278 90% 250 14 145 Kroatië 41 Letland 71 Litouwen 75 Polen ( Rep. ) Roemenië Slovenië Slowakije Tsjechische Republiek Total 1283 303 28 10818 approximately 5900 RESIDENTS GHENT PROFILES ROMA Various groups have different profiles, often as a result of various situation in the home country : - Bulgarian Roma: ° average higher educated; ° more regular workexperience; ° often language problem (Turkish speaking) - Slovakian and Czech Roma ° average lower educated; ° less regular workexperience (especially women); ° less language problem - Romanian Roma ° outside community ? ° circular migration FLEMISH POLICY (integration: regional matter) • Middle and Eastern Europe-policy: new EUcountrys; candidates EU; Russia, Ukraine; special focus on Roma (15.000-20.000) • Explicit but not exclusive - vision • Monitoring • Identification of problems • Consultation with major cities (Brussels, Antwerp, Ghent, …. FLEMISH POLICY • Point of contact for local governments • Project ‘neighborhood stewards’: 16 FTE in total; 6 in Ghent: cohabitation problems, intensive support on housing, employment, education children… • Contact en pressure on countries of origin • International partnerships GHENT POLICY • Horizontal and vertical coordination Permanent Consultative Committee PCC - PCC Steering group – political (Mayor + 4 Deputy-mayors) - PCC Workgroup – administration - PCC Thematic working groups - city services and NGO’s : education, housing, employment, healt. Lokaal Sociaal Beleid POC Stuurgroep POC Veldwerk/Vrijwilligers/Zelforganisaties POC Werkgroep POC Onderwijs Scholenoverleg Roma + LOP POC Huisvesting POC Werk Gent Stad in Werking + Actiegroep nieuwe EUburgers Netwerkoverleg precaire gezinnen POC Gezondheid/SOGA GHENT POLICY • Contact and consultation higher authorities: Flanders, Federal, Benelux, EU and Council of EuroCities (Task force Roma) Europe + • Contact Self-organisations and NGO’s • Contact Countries of origin GHENT POLICY - FIELDWORK • • • • • • • • Info Desk Migration (incl. translation service) Neighbourhood stewards School mediators Streetwork /outreach workers Exchange with Bulgarian and Slovak Police Labour market mediation Squatting policy “Instapwonen” (pilot project in the spirit of Housing-First) GHENT – EMPLOYMENT PROJECTS • Project ‘anchour figure’ • Work experience project + ‘ANCHOUR FIGURE’ PROJECT • Anchour fig. = mediator towards work/training • Funded by ESF and city and VDAB • Steering group: city services + VDAB • Target group: (newly arrived) new EU-citizens, • Because of large inflow in very short time • Office at VDAB (Employment Service of government), team Integration ‘ANCHOUR FIGURE’ PROJECT • 2 mediators for 2 target groups – Martin Balogh, esp. (but not excl.) for Slovaks /Roma – Aneta Filipova, same for Bulgarians • Martin and Aneta come from target groups themselves • Why? easy accessibility • speak same language • knowledge of community ‘ANCHOUR FIGURE’ PROJECT • Goal of this project – lower treshold towards regular employment mediation – improving employment opportunities – easier interaction with job professionals and employers ‘ANCHOUR FIGURE’ PROJECT • Activities – individual guidance – joint actions – sensibilisation of service providers ‘ANCHOUR FIGURE’ PROJECT • Anchour figures – supporting and guiding: Anchour fig. show the way – mobilizing professionals in (employment) services ‘ANCHOUR FIGURE’ PROJECT • Results (and drawbacks) – easy accessibility seems to work: (too) many people coming to anchour figure (not to employment service as such …) – knowlegde within regular services is growing, new projects coming – no structural funding yet WORK EXPERIENCE PROJECT + • Partners: • • • • Social Welfare of Ghent City of Ghent 2 NGO’s VDAB (public employment service of Flanders) WORK EXPERIENCE PROJECT + • Phases: – Publication by a large group of mediators – Preliminary phase of 1 month – Employment of 1 year – Support jobseeking or jobcoaching on the new workfloor for 6 months to 20 East European jobseekers (places reserved) WORK EXPERIENCE PROJECT + • Preliminary phase: • Introduction in skills, qualities, competencies • Job orientation • Course Dutch linked on the job • Traineeships WORK EXPERIENCE PROJECT + • Work experience for 1 year – Work experience in mixed groups • 4 professions: green worker, cleaning, polyvalent worker, kitchen helper – Building up rights in unemployment benefit – A wage – Rights and duties of an employee WORK EXPERIENCE PROJECT + • During that year: – Language acquisition • Language courses linked to the job • Communication skills course – Skills on the workplace – Job seeking skills • Language buddies • Courses for instructors – Integration • Course social orientation (country, residence, employment…) • In the native language – Strong support • • • • Vocational training Technical support on the woorkfloor Traineeship Job interview training WORK EXPERIENCE PROJECT + • After that year: – Support Job Seeking or – Jobcoaching on the new workfloor WORK EXPERIENCE PROJECT + • After that year: – Support Job Seeking or – Jobcoaching on the new workfloor • Results: – 40 % active in regular job or vocational training A FEW CONCLUSIONS • Major differences in prosperity, employment opportunities, welfare … and the existence of exclusion and discrimination lead to major migration streams of EU citizens from Central and Eastern Europe • It are mainly the large cities that are facing significant challenges in result of this right of free movement • It is our experience that, until now, we got little support from the higher authorities • Cities can not wait: these groups are here, so they must act and try to manage certain matters • But their capacity is not unlimited. Tack för er uppmärksamhet
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