Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/29343 holds

Cover Page
The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/29343 holds various files of this Leiden University
dissertation.
Author: Pooth, Roland Albin
Title: Die Diathesen Aktiv vs. Medium und die Verbsemantik im Vedischen der ṚgvedaSaṃhitā
Issue Date: 2014-10-23
'LH'LDWKHVHQ$NWLYYV0HGLXP
XQGGLH9HUEVHPDQWLNLP9HGLVFKHQ
GHU5લ JYHGD6D‫؃‬KLWč
‹5RODQG$3RRWK
8PVFKODJELOG´JYHGD
4XHOOH,QWHUQHW
KWWSVHQFU\SWHGWEQJVWDWLFFRPLPDJHV"T
WEQ$1G*F7F9I4K[W%-U9&3-W6NB[;VH$/2M2KYOL7JL-V7VG9UJ
C?C;NB?M?HENCPPM'?>COG
OH>>C?0?L<M?G;HNCECG0?>CM=B?H
>?L´JYHGD6DÈKLW¬
OH>CBL?0ILA?M=BC=BN?
*,)
-",# .
N?LP?LELCDACHAP;H
>?AL;;>P;HI=NIL;;H>?/HCP?LMCN?CN&?C>?H
IJA?T;AP;H>?,?=NIL';AHC@C=OMJLI@GL$$(-NIFE?L
PIFA?HM<?MFOCNP;HB?NIFF?A?PIIL*LIGINC?M
N?P?L>?>CA?HIJ>IH>?L>;AIENI<?L
EFIEE?
OOL
>IIL
,IF;H>F<CH*IINB
A?<IL?HN?1?M?F;G,B?CHOCNMF;H>
CH
*LIGINC?=IGGCMMC?
*LIGIN?LJLI@>L'&O<INMES/HCP?LMCN?CN&?C>?H
IJLIGIN?L>L&#%OFCEIP/HCP?LMCN?CN!?HN
)P?LCA?F?>?H
>L,FF;H0LCD?/HCP?LMCN?CNGMN?L>;G
JLI@>L"!T?FF;/HCP?LMCN?CN&?C>?H
JLI@>L ""%ILNF;H>N/HCP?LMCN?CN&?C>?H
'?LB?CG?L-F;H>JIINBAGR>?
C#HB;FN
C#HB;FN
C#HB;FN CC<E§LTOHA?H 0?>CM=B?;COH>;H>?L?.?RN?MOCCCC<FCIAL;JBC? Š<?LM?NTOHA?HP?>CM=B?L.?RN?MOCCCC<FCIAL;JBC? -JL;=B?H &CHAOCMNCM=B?%IHT?JN?OH>AL;GG;NCE;FCM=B?!FIMM?H -IHMNCA?<E§LTOHA?H *LI<F?GOH> L;A?MN?FFOHA CHF?CNOHA L;A?MN?FFOHA# CH@§BLOHACH>C??ALC@@? 4OG?ALC@@'?>COG CIHSMCIM.BL;ROMQ C?.BL;RºM=B?LMN>?@CHCNCIH 1;LOGEJzGRPSB<?C.BL;RNFT²UIK¹'?>COGºCMN REOLM;M/LG?>COGOH>>?L¼!LI‹?C;NB?M?HQ?=BM?F½ C??@CHCNCIHPIH*î‫ޣ‬CHC
PBL C?HC=BNL?@F?RCP?E;OM;NCP?G?>C;F?&?M;LN !?A?H?CH?¼MO<D?EN;@@CTC?L?H>?½!?M;GN<?>?ONOHA ¼5(7INILC?HN?>NINB?JLININSJC=;F;A?HN½%OLTIP ¼;MC=½PM¼?LCP?>0IC=?½%F;CG;H ;M'?>COG;FM¼;MC=0IC=?½ ¼;MC=½PM¼?LCP?>0IC=?½>?;ENCP?C;NB?M? L;A?MN?FFOHA##4C?FM?NTOHA ;?@CHCNCIH?H# -?G;HNCM=B?,IFF?HOH>M?G;HNCM=B?%IGJIH?HN?H -?G;HNCM=B?,IFF?HCH@§BLOHA -?G;HNCM=B?%IGJIH?HN?H A?HMOH>A?HNCPCNN 0?LOLM;=B?L%;OM;NCPCNNOH>&;<CFCNN ?LJLININSJCM=B?A?HM .L;HMCNCPCNN -SHN;ENCM=B?.L;HMCNCPCNN -SHN;ENCM=B?.L;HMCNCPCNN -?G;HNCM=B?.L;HMCNCPCNN .L;HMCNCPCNN?@CHCNCIH?H C;NB?M? <?@CHCNCIH?H## 1;MA?H;OMCH>@L§BP?>CM=B?0?L<?H 4OG0?LBFNHCMPIH&?R?GOH>-N;GG<CF>OHA 4OG?ALC@@¼MO<F?RCE;FCM=B½ REOLM.?GJF;NCM=B?>?L;>CE;F?'ILJBIFIAC? (;=BNL;A4OG0?LBFNHCMPIH&?R?GOH>%IHMNLOENCIH 4OLBLIHIFIAC?>?LP?>.?RN? C?C;NB?M?HENCPPM'?>COGOH>>C?0?L<M?G;HNCECG0?>CM=B?H>?L´JYHGD6DÈKLW¬
C?AL;GG;NCE;FCM=B?-?G;HNCE>?M'?>COGMCG,0 CHF?CNOHA C?&?M;LN?H>?M'?>COGMCG,0Š<?L<FC=E ';HA?FH>?I>?LQ?HCA?L#H>CPC>OC?LOHA C?L?@F?RCPL?TCJLIE?H&?M;LN?H CL?ENL?@F?RCP&?M;LNƚ CL?ENL?TCJLIE&?M;LNƛ #H>CL?ENL?@F?RCPL?TCJLIE?&?M;LN?H ONI<?H?@;ENCP&?M;LNƜ ONI<?H?@;ENCPOH>L?TCJLIE ,?T?JNCPL?@F?RCP;ONI>CL?ENCIH;FL?T?JNCP&?M;LN?HƝ *IMM?MMCPL?@F?RCP&?M;LNƞ *IMM?MMCPL?@F?RCP<?C%¡LJ?LN?CF?H&?M;LNƞ #H>CL?ENL?@F?RCPL?TCJLIE?&?M;LN?HGCN0?L;HF;MM?L ONI<?H?@;ENCPGCN0?L;HF;MM?L&?M;LNƟ *LM#'?>\­MDWH *LM#EN\­MDWL *IMM?MMCPL?@F?RCPGCN0?L;HF;MM?L&?M;LNƠ ,?@F?RCPGCN0?L;HF;MM?L¼L?@F?RCPE;OM;NCP½ơ -ITC;NCPEIFF?ENCP&?M;LNƢ'?>GCN&*V­P *LM#­\DWH V­PSLEDWHOMQ V­PJDQPDKLOMQ V­PDYLÃDQWDOMQ ';HA?FH>?I>?LQ?HCA?LA?HNCPCNN /HCHN?HNCIH;F?I>?L;ETC>?HNC?FF&?M;LNƣ LM=BFC?‹<;L?MS­UGDWH 0?>S­G\D ¼/H@ILNOH;NCP½I>?L¼@LOMNL;NCP½&?M;LNƤ #H;A?HNCP;HNCE;OM;NCPJLI>OENCP&?M;LNƥ *;NC?HNCP&?M;LNƦ #GJ?LMIH;F&?M;LNƧ #H>CL?ENE;OM;NCP¼@;ENCNCP½&?M;LNƨMC?B?%;JCN?F ';HA?FH>?I>?LQ?HCA?L4OMN;H>MP?LH>?LOHA ¼*MS=B0?L<?H½?Q?AOHAMP?L<?HOH>>;M'?>COG '?>C;M?HNC?H>C=IACN;H>C?RJ?LC?H>C¶ ¼(?I1OLT?F½NDPL PDQ'. '?>C;>C=?H>COH>;HNCE;OM;NCP?'?>C;GIP?H>C '?>C;C=?H>C&?M;LNƩ '?>C;'IP?H>C&?M;LNƫ ';HA?FH>?I>?LQ?HCA?L¼@@?=N?>H?MMI@)½&?M;LNƬ MƒK¯WHTOK¬PMM­K¬WL?CH?EIHNL;MNCP?-NO>C? ENCP@ILG?HCHF?CNOHA *LMENM­K¬WL ILEN *?L@EN '?>C;F@ILG?HCHF?CNOHA *LM'?>MƒK¯WH C#HB;FN
*LM'?>K¯\DWH IL'?> ';HA?FH>?¼@@?=N?>H?MMI@)½;G?CMJC?FKDQ ';HA?FH>?¼@@?=N?>H?MMI@)½;G?CMJC?FÃDS G?CMJC?FS¬ ';HA?FH>?I>?LQ?HCA?LSH;GCE.?FCTCNN*OHENO;FCNN -N;NCP&?M;LNƭ N?FCTCNNOH>>;M'?>&?M;LNƮ #HN?LGCH;NCPCNN#GJ?L@?ENCPCNNOH>>;M'?>&?M;LNƯ -=BFOMM@IFA?LOHA '?>C;F?&?M;LN?H>C?CG,0JLI>OENCPMCH> 1?HCA?LJLI>OENCP?G?>C;F?&?M;LN?H ,?MNB;@N?G?>C;F?&?M;LN?H JJ?H>CR%IHM?KO?HT?H@§L>C?,?EIHMNLOENCIH JJ?H>CRC?!L;GG;NCE;FCMC?LOHA>?L*;MMCPEIHMNLOENCIH &;<CF?PMHC=BNF;<CF?ENCPOH>'?>C;F@ILG?H &;<CF?;NB?G;NCM=B?'?>C;F@ILG?H 0?>­M­QLŽD 0?>V­P­UDQWDOVDPDU¬Á­ &;<CF?ENCPOH>'?>C;F@ILG?HWDQLaW¬ &;<CF?ENCP@ILG?H *LMWDQ„WLGCN­YD”Yƒ 1TILOH>IL”W¬Q .B?GIL5g=;OM7 *?L@#H>PAF%§GG?F
*?L@%IHDPAF%§GG?F
&;<CF?OH>HC=BNF;<CF?'?>C;F@ILG?H *LMW¬\­WHHC=BNF;<CFJ;MMCPCM=B *LMWDQXWH IL *?L@#H> *?L@%IHD &;<CF?;NB?G;NCM=B?ENCP@ILG?HVƒVDUWL C?ENCP@ILG?H *LM###VƒVDUWLTO¼V³½ *LM###VƒVDUWLTO¼V³½SU­E¬K­Y¬VƒVDUWL ?LMCAG;NCM=B?ILCMN0 ?LNB?GIL­V­UDWCGG?L;HNCE;OM;NCPCGG?LEN *?L@?EN@ILG?HTO¼V³½ C?'?>C;F@ILG?H>?M*LM### *LM###VLVUDWHTO¼V³½ *LM###VLVUDWHTO¼V³½ '?>C;F@ILG?HTO;H>?L?H0?L<;FMNGG?H *LM#0SUDVUL\DWH%- SUDV¬U\DQWH$ *LM2DTO¼V³½ *LM2¬SU”V¬UD\DQWDPAFSU­VLVUDWHTO¼V³½ ?L¼*;MMCP;ILCMN½SU”V¬ULń *?L@VDVUHTO¼V³½ ;M#HN?HMCPJLM?HM #H@SU­VDUWDYH C?C;NB?M?HENCPPM'?>COGOH>>C?0?L<M?G;HNCECG0?>CM=B?H>?L´JYHGD6DÈKLW¬
-=BFOMM@IFA?LOHA %;OM;NCP?;NB?G;NCM=B?ENCP@ILG?HSXQ”WL ENCP@ILG?H *LMSXQ”WLCGG?LE;OM;NCP LÅILHOLR ,?>;NB?GILM?FN?HHOLR C?'?>C;F@ILG?H *LMS­YDWHPAFOLLIQ *LMSXQ¯WdSXQ¬Q­5g=;OM7 *LMS±\­WH CGG?LJ;MMCPCM=B ILLÅILCMNR<?F?AN C?C;NB?M?HIJJIMCNCIH.SJ#SXQ”WLSXQ¬Q­SXQ¯Wd &;<CF?M;NB?GENO'?>TO?Q?AOHAMP?L<?H᱈ *LM###ENƒ\DUWLaL\­UWL *LM###'?>–UWH C?C;NB?M?HIJJIMCNCIH.SJ## &;<CF?ENCPOH>'?>C;F@ILG?H>?M*LM#Q­PD Q­PDWLWH 0?>F\­YDWLWH JJ?H>CR-JL;=BP?LAF?C=BTOP?>F\­YDWH 4OM;GG?H@;MMOHAOH>-=BF§MM? &?RCE;FCM=B?-?G;HNCEOH>C;NB?M?CG,0 ?BF?H>?F?RCE;FCM=B?C;NB?M? G?CMJC?FMXÅaMRÅ ?F?A?%IHMNLOENCIHPM'CHCG;FJ;;L? ?F?A?%IHMNLOENCIHGCN!?HCNCP ?F?A?%IHMNLOENCIHOH> ?F?A?%IHMNLOENCIH %IHMNLOENCIH?H!"$CGNB;LP;P?>; *LI>OENCP?OH>Q?HCA?LJLI>OENCP?%IHMNLOENCIH?H ?BF?H>?F?RCE;FCM=B?C;NB?M?;G?CMJC?FMXÅ G?CMJC?FD†MaDM *LM0##ENDQ­NWL *LM%IHDEN *?L@EN *LM'?> *LMDM\­WH *?L@ ?BF?H>?F?RCE;FCM=B?C;NB?M? ¼-O<F?RCE;FCM=B?½C;NB?M? 0ILB;H>?H?F?RCE;FCM=B?C;NB?M? 1?CN?L?0?L<EF;MM?HBCHMC=BNFC=B5=;OM7 -=BFOMM@IFA?LOHA?H 4OL0ILA?M=BC=BN?>?L¼MO<F?RCE;FCM=B?HC;NB?M?½ 0IH-.#TO&2# JJ?H>CR%IHM?KO?HT?H@§L>C?,?EIHMNLOENCIH JJ?H>CR ?BF?H>?().0;F?HTCG,0 CHF?CNOHA (C=BNHINQ?H>CA?%IGJF?G?HNC?LOHACG,0 L§BP?>CM=BCMN?CH?*LILIJ-JL;=B? 4OG?CMJC?FJOHHNC¹MC?L?CHCA?HCBHMC??MD?NQº 1?CN?L??CMJC?F? OMF;MM<;LE?CNPIH*?LMIH;FJLIHIGCH; C#HB;FN
PC>?HT>OL=BI,?F;NCPMNT?CG,0 ;M@L§B?0?>CM=B?CMN?CH?¼=IIFF;HAO;A?½ (C=BNHINQ?H>CA?#HEIGJF?G?HNC?LOHACG,0 C?%IHMNLOENCIHGCNEE>?M4C?FM C?&;<CFCNN>?L%IHMNLOENCIHGCNEE C?%IHMNLOENCIHGCN&*OH>EE;G?CMJC?FJL;MNC HNCE;OM;NCP?GCNEE ¼*;MMCP?½GCNEE -=BFOMMCG-CHH?PIH!;?>?=E?
-=BFOMM@IFA?LOHA0?L<EF;MMC@CTC?LOHABCHMC=BNFC=B(). ¼EN;HN?H½OH>¼0;F?HTH>?LOHA½CG,0 CHF?CNOHA ¼EN;HN?H½<TQ¼LAOG?HN?½CG,0 ¼0;F?HTH>?LOHA½CG,0 -=BFOMMA?>;HE?HTO0;F?HTCG,0 4Q?C.SJ?H@L§BP?>CM=B?LC;NB?M?HIJJIMCNCIH?H ?L*LM?HMMN;GGM>?L###*LM?HMEF;MM?ƒ\DU–U C?ENCP@ILG?Hƒ\DUWLL\­UWL C?'?>C;F@ILG?H–UWH C?ENCP@ILG?H>?M*LM0#CG,0OH>0 ³FK­WL C?-SHN;RPIH³FK­WL -=BFOMM ?L*LM?HMMN;GG>?L0*LM?HMEF;MM? C?ENCP@ILG?HPIH³ C?ENCP@ILG?HPIH³I>?L³ C?ENCP@ILG?HPIH³ C?'?>C;F@ILG?H³ÁXWdX³ÁYH ?L*LM?HMMN;GG>?L2*LM?HMEF;MM? ENDUS­\DWL EN¯U­\DWL C?&;<CFCNN>?L'?>C;F@ILG?H -=BFOMM ?L1OLT?FILOH>>?LNB?GIL C?ENCP@ILG?H>?MNB?GILTO³ C?'?>C;F@ILG?H>?M1TILI>?LNB?GILTO³ 1TILI>?LNB?GILGCNV­PTO³OH>³ C?ENCP@ILG?H>?MNB?GILTO³ C?'?>C;F@ILG?H>?M1TILGCNQƒTO³ ?LL?>OJFNB?GIL ?LL?>OJFNB?GILTO³GCN…G ?LL?>OJFNB?GILTO³I>?LTO³ C?ENCP@ILG?H>?M*?L@?ENMN;GG -=BFOMM@IFA?LOHA?H 4OG@L§BP?>0?L<³ 4OG@L§BP?>0?L<³ -=BFOMM JJ?H>CR4O>?HOLC>A0?L<?H 4OM;GG?H@;MMOHA C?;FN?L?L<N?)JJIMCNCIH<?CB0L C?D§HA?L?C;NB?M?HIJJIMCNCIH JJ?H>CRC?J;L;FF?F?HNQC=EFOHACGFNALC?=BCM=B?H (;=BNL;AY­UGKDWLȳYDUGK­\DWL5=;OM7 C?C;NB?M?HENCPPM'?>COGOH>>C?0?L<M?G;HNCECG0?>CM=B?H>?L´JYHGD6DÈKLW¬
*;L;>CAG;NCM=B?MSGG?NLC?HOH>¼'?>C;FMNGG?½ G?CMJC?FP?>MXÅ ?F?A?CG59 59.K ?F?A?CG$9Ä 0* CHT?FH? ILG?HMRÅDVDL MXÅ­P¬ÁDaMXŬQ­ MXŬÁ­OMQ MXÅ­WH0ȳMXÅDWL'<B ¼/LG?>COG½ȳM…MRÅDWL MXÅ­W­MXÅDW,0MCH>'?>C;F@ILG?H MXÅ­QWD 4OLH>OHA­QWD %ILL?MJIH>C?L?H>?J;L;>CAG;NCM=B?MSGG?NLC?H C?>?JIH?HNC?FF?0ILA?M=BC=BN?PIHMXÅ *;L;>CAG;NCM=B?MSGG?NLC?HBCHMC=BNFC=BC;NB?M? 1;MP?LMN?B?C=BOHN?L?CH?G¼'?>C;FMN;GG½ ?L@L§BP?>'?>C;FMN;GG”GDW ?L@L§BP?>'?>C;FMN;GG­NK\­W ENCP@ILG?H EN>?MNB?GIL­NK\­;;PîRMĹ¹M=B;OBCHº IL#GJENFDNÅL ;M*?L@?ENIJLM?HM*F#H>FDNÅXU C?ENCP@ILG?H>?M*?L@ *LM#HNF¬NDïPLDF¬NDÃDP 0?>FDNÅ­\DWL C?'?>C;F@ILG?H C?'?>C;F@ILG>?MNB?GIL ;M*LM###F­Å½H *LM%IHD 4OL-JL;=BQCLEFC=BE?CN>?M*LMF­NÅDWDL ?L@L§BP?>'?>C;FMN;GGP¯P³ÅD ?L<<;O>?M'?>COGMCG,0 REOLM'?BLTOGC;NB?M?HQ?=BM?F C?R/LG?>C;F?H>OHA?HWDPWKDVW¬P C?OLC>A/LG?>C;F?H>OHAIHNXIHNI L§BP?>*F#HD'?>DQWDMN;NNENDQ C? IFA?H>?M¼!LI‹?HC;NB?M?HQ?=BM?FM½ ?L%IHDOHENCPMN;GG;FM'?>C;FMN;GG FF?PIHJ;L;>CAG;NCM=B?HMSGG?NLC?H<TAFC;NB?M? G?CMJC?F­YDSDG¬WL 4OM;GG?H@;MMOHAOH>-=BFOMM@IFA?LOHA JJ?H>CR
CH?.SJC@CTC?LOHA>?LC;NB?M?HIJJIMCNCIH?H /L;ENCPPM/LG?>COG;FN?L?L<N?)JJIMCNCIH .SJ#;SXQ”WLSXQ¬Q­SXQ¯Wd .SJ#<DQ­NWLD»NWd .SJ##;ƒ\DUWLPM–UWH.SJ##<VƒVDUWLYVVƒV³WH .SJ###M­K¬WLPMMƒK¯WHD§HA?L? ?MNF?AOHA #0/LG?>COGN;HNOG;FN?L?L<N?@?BF?H>?)JJIMCNCIH (?I;ENCPPM(?IG?>COGD§HA?L?)JJIMCNCIH .SJ#YDY­UWDYVY¬Y³Wd C#HB;FN
.SJ##¯U­\DWLYV¯U­\DWH .SJ###MDM”QDYVMDM†d .SJ#0YLQGDWLYLQGDWHYLG\­WH .SJ0(?I;ENCPNSJ­NK\DWPM­NK\DWDM?FN?HØ ENCPI>?L'?>COGN;HNOGD§HA?L?@?BF?H>?)JJIMCNCIH ENCPN;HNOG .SJ#;DVWL .SJ##;(?I;ENCPN;HNOG­YDWL…GDUDW '?>COGN;HNOGD§HA?L?@?BF?H>?)JJIMCNCIH .SJ#<”VWH .SJ##<MƒJKQDWH ;M¼H?O?½JLI>OENCP?PM;FN?'?>COG CCCC<FCIAL;JBC? ;*LCGLN?RN?AA@GCNŠ<?LM?NTOHA <0?LQ?H>?N?Š<?LM?NTOHA?HGCN%IGG?HN;LIBH?*LCGLN?RN =0?LQ?H>?N?1¡LN?L<§=B?L%IHEIL>;HT?H!L;GG;NCE?H >-?EOH>LFCN?L;NOL;<A?E§LTNTCNC?LN ?-?EOH>LFCN?L;NOLONILOH>LM=B?CHOHAMD;BL CP0?LT?C=BHCM>?L§<?LM?NTN?H4CN;N?#H>?RFI=ILOG -;G?HP;NNCHA
OLLC=OFOG0CN;?
CC<E§LTOHA?H
CC<E§LTOHA?H
0?>CM=B?;COH>;H>?L?.?RN?MOCCCC<FCIAL;JBC?
§L %§LT?F P?>CM=B?L OH> ;FNCH>CM=B?L .?RN? <TQ .?RN;OMA;<?H M >;M ;OM
@§BLFC=B? 0?LT?C=BHCM >?L ;FNCH>CM=B?H .?RN;OMA;<?H PIH !INĹ @ OH>
@@ PAF 1?L<; @@ %§GG?F ;) ;O‹?L>?G %OFCEIP M
#&#)!,*"3 .2.- C? >ILN ;O@A?@§BLN?H .?RNMCAF?H OH> <E§L
TOHA?HQ?L>?HBC?L§<?LHIGG?H §L;FF?MQ?CN?L?MOCCCC<FCIAL;JBC?
L6DÈKLW¬V
,0
´JYHGD6DÈKLW¬5M ,CA0?>;¸G?NLC=;FFSL?MNIL?>N?RNQCNB;H
CHNLI>O=NCIH;H>HIN?M><S;L?H>P;H(IIN?H;H>!;LS
"IFF;H>;G<LC>A?';MM";LP;L>/HCP?LMCNS*L?MM
";LP;L>)LC?HN;F-?LC?M
7
,0%B
´JYHGD.KLO¬QL
0
$WKDUYDYHGD6DÈKLW¬
0**- $WKDUYDYHGD3DLSSDO¬GD6DÈKLW¬
0ń
$WKDUYDYHGDÄDXQDND6DÈKLW¬
-0-0%
-0$$-
303-
0- 0-'
0-%
.- %- %J-
'- 6¬PDYHGD%;ONBOG;,?T?HMCIH
6¬PDYHGD-DLPLQ¯\D6DÈKLW¬
<DMXUYHGD0-ÄXNOD.-%-%J-'-.³ÅÁD
ÄXNOD\DMXUYHG¯\D9¬MDVDQH\L6DÈKLW¬
0->?L0¬GK\DQGLQDĬNK¬
96GHU.¬ÁYDĬNK¬
.³ÅÁD\DMXUYHG¯\D7DLWWLU¯\D6DÈKLW¬
.³ÅÁD\DMXUYHG¯\D.¬½KDND6DÈKLW¬
.³ÅÁD\DMXUYHG¯\D.DSLŽKDOD.D½KD6DÈKLW¬
.³ÅÁD\DMXUYHG¯\D0DLWU¬\DÁ¯6DÈKLW¬
CC4OA?B¡LCA?%§LT?F
57G
57J *J 6¬\
CH';HNL;MA?G‹'?NLOG
CH*LIM;
ĬNDO\DºM3DGDS¬½KDĬNDO\DºM-;H>BCO@F¡MOHA1ILNNL?HHOHA
6¬\DÁ¬F¬U\DºM%IGG?HN;L
CCC%U¬KPDÁDV
M Q?L>?H HOL >C? BC?L TCNC?LN?H %U¬KPDÁDV ;HA?A?<?H @§L ;FF? %§LT?F %
*$ÆD¿Y.ńń%!IJOH>>C?D?Q?CFCA?H.?RN;OMA;<?HM!INĹ
OH>%OFCEIP
M#&#)!,*"3.2.-
L $ . ń ń'
ń%
%U¬KPDÁDV
6¬PDYHG¯\D-DLPLQ¯\D%U¬KPDÁD
.³ÅÁD\DMXUYHG¯\D7DLWWLU¯\D%U¬KPDÁD
ÄXNOD\DMXUYHG¯\DÄDWDSDWKD%U¬KPDÁD
ń>?L0¬GK\DQGLQDĬNK¬
ń%GHU.¬ÁYDĬNK¬
C?C;NB?M?HENCPPM'?>COGOH>>C?0?L<M?G;HNCECG0?>CM=B?H>?L´JYHGD6DÈKLW¬
CP-IHMNCA?P?>OH>;C.?RN?M!INĹ@
ńí ´JYHG¯\DĬ»NK¬\DQD®UDÁ\DND
B*
'K¬WXS¬½KDMOCCCC<FCIAL;JBC?M¡BNFCHAE
0DK¬EK¬UDWD
'B
P-IHMNCA?HC=BN;C.?RN?<TQ.?RN;OMA;<?H
4CNC?LN QCL> H;=B >?H D?Q?CFCA?H JBCFIFIACM=B?H %IHP?HNCIH?H PAF "I@@G;HH Þ
ILMG;HH
@@P%?HNJGG?LC=EEBIN%BIN &-$
RPC@@FNAL";QECHM
"FOQTO>?HB?NBCNIFIACM=B?H%IHP?HNCIH?HPAFT
"I@@H?LÞ'?F=B?LN
@<?M<M=BH
OMQ
#F
%I
%/
(
)>
0
3
3N
"IG?LC#FC;M
%?CFM=BLC@NN?RN?;OMIAB;TE¡C
%?CFM=BLC@NOLEOH>?H;OMIAB;TE¡C
(CLîHACMNîHD;P
"IG?LC)>SMM?;
0C>ĀP>î>D;P
3;MH;;;PD;P
3;ŋND;P 1?CN?L?.?RNMCAF?HQ?L>?HCG.?RNP?LF;O@?LEFLN
Š<?LM?NTOHA?HP?>CM=B?L.?RN?MOCCCC<FCIAL;JBC?
!?F>H?L ,0 ?L ,CA0?>; OM >?G -;HMELCN CHM ?ONM=B? §<?LM?NTN OH>
GCN ?CH?G F;O@?H>?H %IGG?HN;L P?LM?B?H PIH %;LF LC?>LC=B !?F>H?L
;G<LC>A?';MM";LP;L>/HCP?LMCNS*L?MM(;=B>LO=E5CH?CH?G;H>7
5";LP;L>)LC?HN;F-?LC?M7
!L;MMG;HH ,0 "?LG;HH !L;MMG;HH ,CA0?>; Š<?LM?NTN OH> GCN ELC
NCM=B?H OH> ?LFON?LH>?H HG?LEOHA?H P?LM?B?H .B?CF? &?CJTCA
1BCNH?S 0 1CFFC;G 1BCNH?S Þ B;LF?M , &;HG;H NB;LP;0?>;
-;‫ޝ‬BCNî0IF;G<LC>A?';MM
§L Q?CN?L? Š<?LM?NTOHA?H P?>CM=B?L OH> ;C .?RN? <C<FCIAL;JBCM=B? <
E§LTOHA?HOMQMOCCCC<FCIAL;JBC?
-JL;=B?H
(C=BN ;O@A?@§BLN Q?L>?H <E§LTOHA?H PIH -JL;=B?H QC? T P?> I>?L
?HAFQIF?>CAFC=B>;M-O@@CRCM=BQ?AA?F;MM?HCMN
;;LG;LG
;;P
;AL;FNAL
;B>
;C
;CL
;EBIN
;EM
;FN;LG?HCM=BEF;MMCM=B;LG?HCM=B
;FN;P?MNCM=BA;NB;;P?MNCM=BA;NBCM=B
;FNALC?=BCM=B
;FNBI=B>?ONM=B
;FNCH>CM=B
;FNCLCM=B
;FNEBIN;HM;ECM=B
;FNECL=B?HMF;QCM=B
CC<E§LTOHA?H
;H
;J
;NN;NNAL
;P
>N
@LT
AL
B?NB
BFOQ
BIG
CN
D;P
E;N
EBIN
NONODVVVNU
F;N
FOQ
H@LT
HB>
J;F
LOG
MJNOLC>A
NI=B
OLA?LG
OLC>A
OLCCL
PF;N
;FNHIL>CM=B<TQ;FNCMFH>CM=B
;FNJ?LMCM=B
;NNCM=B;FNALC?=BCM=B
;P?MNCM=B
>?ONM=BH?OBI=B>?ONM=B
@L;HT¡MCM=B
;FNALC?=BCM=B
B?NBCNCM=B
BC?LIAFSJB?HFOQCM=B
BIG?LCM=B;FNALC?=BCM=B
CN;FC?HCM=B
DOHA;P?MNCM=B
E;N;F;HCM=B
EBIN;HM;ECM=B
NODVVLVFKHV6DQVNULW
F;N?CHCM=B&;N?CH
FOQCM=B
@L;HT¡MC=BH?O@L;HT¡MCM=B
>?ONM=BH?OBI=B>?ONM=B
J;F;CM=B
LOGHCM=B
MJNOLCH>IA?LG;HCM=BL?EIHMNLOC?LN
NI=B;LCM=B
OLA?LG;HCM=BL?EIHMNLOC?LN
OLCH>IA?LG;HCM=BL?EIHMNLOC?LN
OLCH>ICL;HCM=BL?EIHMNLOC?LN
¼POFALF;N?CHCM=B½
&CHAOCMNCM=B?%IHT?JN?OH>AL;GG;NCE;FCM=B?!FIMM?H
-IQ?CN?MA?BNQ?L>?H>C?B?ONTON;A?§<FC=B?H;FFA?G?CHFCHAOCMNCM=B?H?
ALC@@? OH> <E§LTOHA?HP?LQ?H>?N §L ;FF?M Q?CN?L? OH> G?CH? ?@CHCNCIH?H
MO%;JCN?F;<
EE
<F
<!
>P
A
;AN
EE)<D
EN
FF
;H
IL
-3'#
.
;NB?G
=
EEOM;NCP
<F;NCP
<F;NCPI>?L!?HCNCP
>P?L<
A?HM
;A?HNCP;A?HNCP?C;NB?M?
EEOM;NCP)<D?EN
ENCP
FF;NCP;NCP
;HCGC?LN!?HOM;HCG;NOG
ILCMNILCMNMN;GG
J;L;>CAG;NCM=B?MSGG?NLC?BCHMC=BNFC=BC;NB?M?
ENCPN;HNOG
;NB?G;NCM=BIBH?-N;GGMO@@CRMJNOLC>AI?P?>¬D
%IHMIH;HN
!?HOM=IGGOH?
?HAF=IGGIH;LAOG?HN
C?C;NB?M?HENCPPM'?>COGOH>>C?0?L<M?G;HNCECG0?>CM=B?H>?L´JYHGD6DÈKLW¬
?HAF;OM??M%;JCN?F;&CMN?
,
0?LOLM;=B?L?HAF;OM?LM%;JCN?F;&CMN?
,
0?LOLM;=B?LA?HMM%;JCN?F;
;N
;NCP
?M
?MC>?L;NCP?MC>?L;NCP*LM?HMMN;GG
>CL
>CL?ENNL;HMCNCP
>CLL?@F
>CL?ENL?@F?RCP
>CL)<D
>CL?EN?M)<D?EN
>NL
>?NL;HMCNCP>?NL;HMCNCP?C;NB?M?
O
O;F
LAHTOHA%IGJF?G?HN57OMQ
?HEF
?HEFCNCM=B
LA
LA;NCP
2,'
R,?@F?RCP'?>COG
@@?G
@?GCHCH ?GCHCHOG
ON
ONOL ONOLMN;GG
!!?H
!?HCNCP
!,'# AL;GG;NCE;FCM=B?C;NB?M?M%;JCN?F;
"-
";OJNM;NT
#GJ
#GJ?L;NCP
CH
CH;HCGC?LN
#HD
#HDOHENCPPAF"I@@G;HH*IINB
;
#H>
#H>CE;NCP
CH>)<D
CH>CL?EN?M)<D?EN;NCP)<D?EN
#HM#HMNL
#HMNLOG?HN;F
#HN
#HN?HMCP#HN?HMCP*LM?HMMN;GGTOGP?>#HNPAF"??H?H
CHP
CHP?LMNL;HMCNCP
#J@#J@N
#GJ?L@?EN*LM*LNCGJ?L@?ENCP?M*LN
CJ@P
CGJ?L@?ENCP
#.,
CHNL;HMCNCP?;MCMEIHMNLOENCIH
CNG
CHN?LGCH;NCP>OL;NCP
#P
#H>CE;NCP#HDOHENCP#GJ?L;NCP-N;GG
%IFF
%IFF?ENCPJFOL;FI>?L-ITC;NCPJFOL;F¹A?G?CHM;GTOM;GG?Hº
EIFFMIT
EIFF?ENCPMITC;NCP
%IHD
%IHDOHENCP%IHDOHENCPMN;GG
%IHMNL
MSHN;ENCM=B?%IHMNLOENCIH-SHN;AG;
&&IE
&IE;NCP
&2#
F?RCE;FCM=B?C;NB?M?M%;JCN?F;
&*
&IE;FJ;LNCE?F
GG;ME
G;MEOFCH';MEOFCHOG
'?>
'?>COG
'.
'?>COGN;HNOG
((IG
(IGCH;NCP
HHNL
H?ONL;F!?HOMH?ONLOG
(#,
HC=BN>CL?ENCIH;F¼EIHP?LMF;<CF½
)<D
)<D?EN
)JN
)JN;NCP
*;LN*NTJ*N *;LNCTCJ0?L<;F;>D?ENCP
**;N
*;NC?HM
*?L@*@
*?L@?EN*?L@?ENMN;GGPAFTOGP?>*?L@PAF%§GG?F
*F
*FOL;F
CC<E§LTOHA?H
*FOMKJ@
*(
**
***
*KJ@*FOMKJ@
*LM*LM
*LM#
*LM##
*LM###
*LN
JLIAJLIAL
*NE
L?>L?>OJF
,?@
L?@F
,%
,-
M?G
-A
MCAG
MIT
-N
-O<D
NB?G
.)*.IJ
.,
2D
2¬
2†2(
0
0
0IE
1T
*FOMKO;GJ?L@?EN
*?LMIH?HH;G?HIG?HJLIJLCOG
J?L@?ENCP?M*;LNCTCJ
J;LNC=CJCOGJ?L@?=NOGJ;MMCPOG
*FOMKO;GJ?L@?EN
*LM?HM*LM?HMMN;GG#GJ?L@?ENCPMN;GG
*LM?HM>?L;FNCH>CM=B?H#*LM?HMEF;MM?
>?L##*LM?HMEF;MM?
>?L###*LM?HMEF;MM?*LM?HMEF;MM?
*LN?LCNOG0?LA;HA?HB?CN
JLIAL?MMCP
*;LNCE?F
L?>OJFCTC?LN
,?@?L?HNHC=BNNIJCE;F?L,?@?L?HN
L?@F?RCP
,IFF?H%;MOMCH>OHAPAF*LCGOM
¼,IFF?HTOQ?CMOHA½
,?F;NCPM;NT
M?G?F@;ENCPMCHAOF;NCPCGP?L<;F;MJ?ENO?FF?H-CHH
-CHAOF;L
MCAG;NCM=B
MITC;NCPEIFF?ENCP
-N;GG
-O<D?EN
NB?G;NCM=BGCN-N;GGMO@@CRMJNOLC>AI?P?>¬D
.IJCENIJCE;F?L,?@?L?HN
NL;HMCNCP?;MCMEIHMNLOENCIH
2*LM?HMEF;MM?GCN!OÁ;<F;ONMNO@?>?L1OLT?F
2*LM?HMEF;MM?GCN0³>>BC<F;ONMNO@?>?L1OLT?F
2*LM?HMEF;MM?PIG.SJN³S­\DQ?>?LGCN!OÁ;HI=B0³>>BC
0IE;F
0?LOLM;=B?LA?HM
0IE;NCP
1OLT?F1OLT?FGILJB?G
-IHMNCA?<E§LTOHA?H
(C=BN ;O@A?F¡MN Q?L>?H >C? §<FC=B?H >?ONM=B?H <E§LTOHA?H T OMQ
MC?B? >;@§L O>?H C?>?ONM=B?,?=BNM=BL?C<OHA P¡FFCA H?O <?;L<?CN?N?
OH> ?LQ?CN?LN? O@F;A? "A PIH >?L O>?HL?>;ENCIH ';HHB?CG &?CJTCA
1C?H4§LC=B
;;)
<M=BH
HG
;)
<;Q
>>?
<?M
MJMJJ
<TAF<?T§AF
;G;HA?A?<?H?H)LN
<M=BHCNN*;L;AL;JB
HG?LEOHA?H
;G)LN;G;HA?A?<?H?HI>?L?HNMJL?=B?H>?H)LN
<CM;O@Q?CN?L?M
;H>H>?
<?MIH>?LM
?CMJC?F?CMJC?F?
<?T§AFC=B
C?C;NB?M?HENCPPM'?>COGOH>>C?0?L<M?G;HNCECG0?>CM=B?H>?L´JYHGD6DÈKLW¬
>?LD
>C
?<>
?>
?J
?NQ
?NSGNSG
BA"A
C<C>
C?
CLL
DD>
D>GDG
D?Q
%;J
EFEF;MM
F=
&CN
(
(
II>
M
M=
VR
VRJ
VX
MP
MPP
O
O;
OI
Š<Š<?LM
PAF
PCT
P?FMCG
PIFPIFM
1<
T-N
T-NN
T.
>?LD?HCA?
>;MCMN>?LCMN>C?CMN>C?MCMN>C?M?LCMN>C?M?CMN
?<?H>;;G;HA?A?<?H?H)LN
?>CN?>?>CNIL
?JCM=BEFMEL0DK¬EK¬UDWD5¬P¬\DÁDAL#F)>
?NQ;M
?NSGIFIACM=BNSGIFIAC?
B?L;OMA?A?<?H"?L;OMA?<?L
C<C>?G
C>?MN
CLL?AOFL
D?G;H>D?G;H>?HD?G;H>?GOMQ
D?G;H>?G
D?Q?CFMD?Q?CFCA
%;JCN?F%;JCN?FH
EF;MMCM=B
FI=I=CN;NI¹;GTCNC?LN?H)LNº
&CN?L;NOL&CN?L;NOL;HA;<?H
(CLîHACMNîHD;P
HIN;<?H?
I>?L
MC?B?MO<¹OHN?Lº
M=CFC=?N
VLHKHREHQ
VRJHQDQQWVRJHQDQQW
VLHKHXQWHQ
MO<P?L<I¹OHN?L>?G1ILNº>?G<?NL?@@?H>?HCHNL;A
MO<P?L<CM¹OHN?L>?H1¡LN?LHº>?H<?NL?@@?H>?HCHNLA?H
OH>
OHN?L;H>?L?G
OH>I>?L
Š<?LM?NTOHA
P?LAF?C=B?
PC>?FC=?N
P?FMCGCF?¹I>?LBHFC=Bº
PIFOG?PIFOG?M
1¡LN?L<O=B
TOL-N?FF?HG?LEOHATOL-N?FF?
TO>?HD?Q?CFCA?H-N?FF?H
TOG.?CFN?CFQ?CM?