Document

Unit 1
Language points
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把金山音标拷贝到C:\WINDOWS\Fonts里边就可以正常显示音标了
一、单词拼写根据读音词性和词义写出单词。
teenager
1. ________ [5
:
] n.十几岁的青少年
2 _________[
] n. 点；分数
point
3. ________
[
5
] v. 使不安；使心烦
upset
4. ________ [
5
:] v. 不理睬；忽视
ignore
5. ________ [
: ] v. （使）平静；（使）镇静
calm
6. ________ [
5
: ] v. 涉及；关心
concern
7. ________ [
: ] v. 欺骗；作弊
cheat
8. ________ [
] v. 分享；分担
share
9. ________ [5
] adj. 疯狂的；狂热的
crazy
purpose [5
10. __________
11. __________
entirely [
] n. 目的；意图
:
] adv. 完全地；整个地
5
12. __________
trust [
] v. 信任；信赖
13. __________
suffer [5
] v. 遭受；经历
14.questionnaire
_____________ [
15. ___________
advice [
5
] n. 忠告；建议
5v
16. communicate
_____________ [ E5
17. __________
habit [5
18. __________
reason [5
]v. 交际；沟通
:
] n. 习惯；习性
:
] n. 理由；原因
nature [5
19. __________
20. __________
situation [
] n. 调查表；问卷
] n. 自然；自然界
5
] n. 情形；境遇
二、单词运用根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处
填入一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当
形式填空。
reason for your absence of
1. What is the _______
yesterday’s meeting?
calm someone down
2. It is a little difficult to _____
when he or she is excited.
ccording
3. A__________
to Anne, a true friend is a person
whom you can tell everything to.
4. My English teacher is very friendly to us. She
dvice on learning English.
often gives us some a_______
purpose
5. Was it an accident or was it done on _________?
6. He was punished by the school because of his
cheating (cheat) in the exam.
__________
7. All the people are__________
concerned about the growth
of the younger generation.
8. My naughty son has _______
hidden my bag away
somewhere, so I can’t go to work.
trust him.
9. No matter what he says, don’t _______
He’s not honest.
10. It was thundering, so the little girl dared not
_______
walk (walk) the dog outdoors today. She just
played with the dog indoors.
三、词语派生用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. When learning English, it is quite important to
communication
develop the ability of ___________________
(communicate).
natural
2. It’s quite ___________
(nature) for a person to
refuse the offer of help from strangers.
powerful (power) man.
3. The headmaster is a ___________
All the teachers and students respect him very much.
4. How stupid the emperor was! He was
cheated (cheat) by the two _________
___________
cheats (cheat).
5. The company has a bad reputation. They often
lie to the customers. They’re very ___________
dishonest
(honest).
6. With the help of the government, the people
sufferings (suffer) in
have recovered from the ___________
the snow disaster.
7. He was driving very fast because he was
ignorant (ignore) of the speed limit.
___________
entire
8. He wrote the ___________
(entirely) novel in
only two months.
9. The weather has changed suddenly, and we
accordingly (according).
must alter our plans ___________
10. The old lady showed a great deal of
concern (concern) for her son.
___________
四、词组互译将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。
1. ________________
将……加起来
add up
2. ________________
使……平静下来
calm down
3. ______________________
关心、挂念
be concerned about
a series of
4. ________________
一连串的，一系列、一套
get along with
5. ________________
与……相处，进展
go through
6. ________________
经历、经受
according to
7. ________________
根据
in order to
8. ________________
为了……
9. ________________
故意
on purpose
10. ________________
参加，加入
join in
11. be crazy about ________________
对……狂热
12. set sth. down _________________
放下，记下，登记
13. have (got) to do sth _________________
不得不，必须做某事
爱上，喜欢上
14. fall in love with _________________
15. face to face _________________
面对面地
16. walk the dog _________________
溜狗
躲藏，隐藏
17. hide away _________________
18. suffer from _________________
受……的苦
有……麻烦，有困难
19. have trouble with_________________
20. make an effort to do sth _________________
努力去做某事
五、词组运用
翻译填空根据汉语意思，从上述短语中选一个恰当的词组
完成句子。
1.请把我说的话全都记下来。
Please ________________all
that I said.
set down
2. 把分数加起来看看你能拿几分。
____________your
scores and see how many points you can
Add up
get.
3. 由于雪灾很多人不得不留在广州过年。
Many people __________
had to spend the Chinese New Year in
Guangzhou because of the snow disaster.
4. 李明在这里定居后，和邻居们相处得很好。
Since Li Ming _________________
here, he has
settled
got along well with his neighbours.
_______________________
5. 我的假期完全被一连串的雨天毁了。
a series of
My vocation was completely spoiled by________________
rainy days.
6. 伊拉克已经经历了太多的战争。
gone through too many wars.
Iraq has ________________
7. 作为中国人，我们对2008年奥运会特别关注。
As Chinese, we _____
are very ____________________
concerned about the 2008
Olympic Games.
8. 英国的年青人对《哈利波特》的喜爱近乎狂热。
are crazy about “Harry Potter”.
Young people in Britain ________________
9. 为了学好英语，她尽了很大努力。
________________
In order to improve English, she makes
a great effort
________________.
10. 你想和我一起参加英语角吗？
join in
Would you like to ___________the
English Corner together
with me?
1. While walking the dog, you were careless and it
got loose and was hit by a car.你在遛狗的时候，你
不小心让狗松开了，结果被车撞了。
句中While walking the dog, …=While you were
walking the dog, …
While doing…意为“在……期间，在做……的时
候”。又如：
While providing convenience to consumers,
plastic bags have also caused serious pollution,
waste of energy and resources.在给顾客提供方面的
同时，塑料袋也会影起严重的污染，能源的浪费。
■运用：改写以下各句。
(1)When I was traveling in Beijing, I happened to meet a
former classmate.
When traveling
__________________in Beijing, I happened to meet a
former classmate.
(2)Though he is over sixty, he still keeps on studying English
_____________________, he still keeps on studying English.
Though
over
(3)She
won’t
go tosixty
the conference unless he is invited
She won’t go to the conference__________________.
unless invited
※归纳：此句型的使用条件：
(1)在____________________状语从句中；
时间、条件、让步
(2)如果从句的主语与主句的主语_________，而且从句中
相同
的谓语含有______动词的某种形式；
有be
(3)从句中的主语和be可以省略，并且要______________，
同时省略
不能只省略其一。
2. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be
outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about
everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久
无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无
比狂热。
结构分析：本句是一个复杂句，I wonder是主句的主语和
谓语，if引导一个宾语从句，在宾语从句中because引导一
个原因状语从句，且用了“It is/ was +被强调部分+that/
who +其它”这个强调结构，强调原因状语从句。运用该强
调结构需知以下两点：
(1)此句型常用来强调除谓语动词外的句子成分。
(2)此句中的that是固定的, 即使被强调部分是时间或地点，
也用that; 强调人物时可用who。
■运用：用it is…that…强调下句中的划线部。
Jack broke a glass yesterday afternoon at his uncle’s home.
(1) _________________________broke
a glass yesterday
It was Jack that / who
afternoon at his uncle’s home.(强调主语)
(2) _______________________Jack
broke yesterday
It was a glass that
afternoon at his uncle’s home.(强调宾语)
(3) _____________________________________Jack
broke
It was yesterday afternoon that
a glass at his uncle’s home.(强调时间状语)
(4) __________________________________Jack
broke a
It was at his uncle’s home that
glass yesterday afternoon. (强调地点状语)
3. It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen
the night face to face. (从句时态用完成时)这是我第一次目
睹夜晚……
句型提炼：It is/was the first time that…have/had done
(1)其中的it可用this或that替代；
(2)first根据实际情况可改为second, third…等；
(3)前面是is时，后面用have/has done；前面是was时，后
面用had done。
(4)比较：It is (about /high) time that sb. did/ should do
sth.是某人该做某事的时候了(=It is time for sb. to do sth.)。
如：It is time that we started (=should start).=It is time for
us to start.是我们该动身的时候了。
■运用：请用此句型将下列句子译成英文。
(1) 这是我第一次来北京。
have been
This is the first time that I _______________in
Beijing.
(2) 那是他第二次上班迟到。
had been
It was the third time that the man ___________
late for work.
(3)他说那是我第一次开出租车。
was the first time that he had driven
He said it_________________________________
a taxi.
1 . survey
n.测量；检查；鉴定；调查
We had better make a survey of the market.
我们最好做个市场调查。
They were please with their wild survey of his
work.
他们广泛审查了他的工作，很满意。
a public opinion survey民意调查
Surveyor 调查员，土地探测员
2. add
v. 加，做加法；增添
If you add five and (to) five, you get ten.
Please add more sugar to my coffee.
请在我的咖啡中再加点糖。
His schooling added up to no more than
two years.
他受的学校教育加起来还不到两年。
近义词：increase put together
反义词： subtract 减去，减
add up 加起来
add up to合计达
add fuel to flames火上加油
add to增加
3. upset
adj. worried, anxious,
feeling unhappy about sth:
He felt upset about losing the money.
丢了钱，他感到难过
James was upset because he had lost his
ticket.
詹姆很烦躁，因为他把车票丢了。
upset= rather unhappy
v. 使烦乱，扰乱，使不安，使不适
upset one’s play
打乱某人的计划
cause to worry , trouble:
upset one’s stomach
使胃不舒服
The thunder upset her.
4. ignore
ignore vt.
to make no notice to someone or something
不理睬，忽视
She will ignore the bell and go somewhere
quiet to calm him down.
The best way to deal with an impolite
person is to ignore hi
n. ignorance
无知，愚昧，不学无术
His ignorance is surprising.
I was in complete ignorance of his intentions.
adj. ignorant
无知识的, 不知道的, 愚昧的, 幼稚的
be ignorant of
对……无知,不知道
ignore something 和 be ignorant of sth.
If you ignore sth. , you know about it but pay
no attention.
eg.
He knew there was a speed limit, but he
ignore it and drove very fast.
他知道有车速限制，但却置之不理，把车开
得飞快
If you are ignorant of sth, you don’t know
about it.
eg.
Most passengers were totally ignorant of the
safety procedures.
大多数旅客根本不知道安全措施
5. calm
calm adj.
1. quiet and not worried or excited
The police chief advised his men to stay
calm and not to lose their tempers.
He tried to keep calm about it.
2. not windy
It became calm after the storm. a calm day
calm down :
to become or make someone less angry,
excited , or worried
（使）某人安静下来
Eg:
She was very sad, would you please calm
her down?
calm：
没有干扰的安静；无动静
quiet：
镇定的
silent：
静止不动
still：
寂静；沉默不语
选用quiet; calm; silent; still填空
1) Let’s go and _____ your angry brother down.
calm
2) They moved to the countryside and lived a ______ life.
3) I prefer ______ reading to reading aloud.
4) You should keep _____ while I take a photo of you.
quiet
silent
still
6. have got to
have got to (had got to ) 必须，不得不
1)1 have got to是 have to 的口语形式
Eg. You haven’t got to change at London Station.
2)have got to 的
否定形式只有一种: haven’t got to
疑问式也只有一种: Have you got to…? 并且不可
同助动词或情态动词连用。
3) have got to 的含义与must相似.
have got to 着重于表示客观上的需要,
含有被迫的意味, must 强调主观的需要
eg. We have got to work hard.
4) have got to 没有被动语态
have got to 不同于have got,
have got 意为“有”
eg. I have got a pen.
7. concern
v.& n.
1 使担心, 使不安（通常用被动语态）
be concerned about 为……担心
She is concerned about her son’s future.
2 涉及; 关系到; 参与(一般不能用进行时, 但
可用于被动语态) concern oneself with/in sth.
He is concerned in the new project.
She concerns herself with/in social welfare.
8. loose
adj.
1 松开的, 自由的, 无束缚的
get/be loose 未拴住的, 松开的
I have one hand loose but the other is tied.
This dog must not be left loose.
2 松的，松动的，不紧的，宽松的;
a loose button 快掉的扣子
the loose soil 疏松的土壤
a loose sweater宽松的套衫
9. go through 经历
The poor girl has gone through a lot
since her parents died.
go through the test in class struggle
经历阶级斗争的考验
10. hide(hid, hidden) away
They were afraid and hid away
11. set down= write down/take down
I set down everything that happened then.
You should set down the key language
points in your notebook.
12. series (单复同形)
There is a television series on this
channel every night.
a series of + n (pl)
a series of good harvests/ questions
There has been a series of car
accidents at the crossing.
13. stay (link v) + adj/ n
1) I stayed awake through the stormy night.
2) He stayed single all his life.
3) The weather stayed sultry.天气持续闷热。
4) Stay seated!坐在那别动!
14. do sth on purpose
I think she lost the key on purpose.
do sth with/ for the purpose of…
He took along one of his pictures with
the purpose of finding a job.
15. in order to = so as to
He went to town in order to sell the painting.
= He went to town in order that he could
sell the painting.
16. much too + adj / adv
too much (+ un) = more than enough
 The dress is much
_______
toolong for me.
 There is very little room in the house
because it has far________
too much furniture.
 It’s _________hot.
much too
too much homework to do, so I
 I have _________
have no time to go there
17. happen vi.
1) What time did the accident happen?
2) No one know who had fired the gun—
it all happened so quickly.
sb. happen to do sth. (似乎)碰巧
= to be or as if by chance
I happened to see her on my way to work.
If you happen to find it, please let me know.
18. hold/ have sb in one’s power
控制住/ 摆布某人
The thundering clouds held me entirely
in their power.
19. It’s the first/ second time that
某人第一 /二次做
It was the first time in a year and a half
that I’d seen the night face to face.
翻译下列短语：
1．把…加起来
add up
___________________________
2．总计共达
add up to
___________________________
3．把……加到……里
add sth. to sth.
___________________________
4. 应该 / 有责任做某事
have got to (do sth.)
___________________________
5. 经历 / 经受……；穿过；浏览
_____________________
go through
6. 躲 / 藏起来
_________________________________
7. 一连串 / 一系列的
hide away
______________________________
8. 写下 / 记下
a series of
_________________________________
set down
9. 受痛苦 / 受损失 / 受折磨
suffer from
_________________________
10. 和某人（很好地）相处
get
along
(well)
with
___________________________
11. 爱上某人 / 某物
fall in love with
_________________________________
12. 对……着迷
be crazy about / on
________________________________
13. 渴望某物 / 迷恋某人
be crazy for
_____________________________
14. 按照，根据……
according to
__________________________________
15. 参加（游戏 / 活动）等
join in
____________________________
16. 如此……以至于……
so … that…
______________________________
17. 面对面
face to face
__________________________________
18. 有目的地/ 特意（做某事）
on purpose
_________________________
19．平静 / 镇静下来
calm
down
_________________________________
20．关心 / 挂念（某人 / 某事）
be concerned about
__________________________
Grammar
直接引语与间接引语
由直接引语变为间接引语需注意的四个变化
时态变化
人称变化
状语变化（时间状语和地点状语）
句型变化（陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和
祈使句）
直接引语时态
间接引语时态
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在完成进行时
过去完成进行时
一般过去时
过去完成时
直接引语变间接引语时态不变的情况
当直接引语是客观真理时。
当直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状
语时。
当直接引语是过去完成时态时。
当主句谓语动词是一般现在时、现在完成时、一般
将来时态时。
当直接引语表示的是谚语或名人名言时。
当直接引语表示客观的时刻表时。
He said, “The earth goes around the sun.”

He said that the earth goes around the sun．
Mr. Wang said, “I was born in China in
September,1972. ”
Mr. Wang said he was born in China in
September,1972.
 She said,“They had left when I arrived there. ”
 She said they had left when she arrived there.
 She says, “Miss liu is good at English.”
 She says Miss liu is good at English.
 He said, “ Where there is a will,there is a way. ”
 He said that where there is a will,there is a way.
 He said, “The plane takes off at 6:30 am.”
 He said that the plane takes off at 6:30 am.
 “I was driving carefully when my car hit the tree.”He
told the police.
 He told the police that he had been driving carefully
when his car hit the tree.”He told the police.
注意
 主从复合句的直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的
一般过去时通常不变为过去完成时。
人称变化
直接
引语
代词
间接
引语
代词
I
he/
she
we
you
they
I
me
us
him/ them
her
this these
that those
He said,“I like it very much.”
He said that he liked it very much.
He said to me,“I’ve left my book in
your room.”
He told me that he had left his book in my room.
状
语
变
化
直接引语中的状语
间接引语中的状语
now
ago
then
before/earlier
today
that day
this morning/
this week……
that morning/week……
yesterday
the day before
yesterday morning
tomorrow
the morning before
the next day/the following day
last week/month…
the week/ month before…
next week/month… the following/ next week/month..
there
here
 She said to me,”I lived there five years
ago.”
 She told me she had lived there five years before.
She said to me,”I will see her next week.”
She told me she would see her the next week.
句型变化
直接引语为陈述句时变间接引语的句型变化：
直接引语若为陈述句，变为间接引语时，间接引语往
往变成由从属连词that（在口语中可省略）引导的宾语
从句，引述动词常用say、tell等，从句中的人称、时
态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等都要作相应的
变化
 “I’m tired,”he said.
 He said (that) he was tried.
 Jim said, “I’ve read Tony ’s book and I didn’t understand
it.”
 Jim said (that) he had read Tony ’s book and he didn’t
understand it.
直接引语为疑问句时变间接引语的句型变化：
直接引语为疑问句时，变为间接引语时除注意在人称、
时态和状语等方面相应变化外，还应注意：
 间接引语应改为陈述语序。
 特殊疑问句的疑问词应保留。
 一般疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句在变为间接引语时要用连
词whether(或if)。
 “Is there something wrong,Madam?”asked the policeman.
The policeman asked the woman whether/if there was something
wrong.
 She asked, “What it is? What’s going to happen now?”
She asked what it was and what was going to happen then.
 “It’s Mary,isn’t it?”asked Jane.
Jane asked whether it was Mary.
“Is it Mary or Lucy?”asked Jane.
Jane asked whether it was Mary or Lucy.
 注意
Whether 可与or not 连用, 表示一种选择。而if 则不可。
He wants to know whether or not we went to dinner.
当疑问词作主语时，间接引语的语序不变。
“What’s the matter with you?”said the docotor.
The docotor asked what’s the matter with me.
My brother said to me, “I’m going to have a
holiday next week.
 My brother told me he was going to have a
holiday the next week.
 Mother said to me, “What are you doing in
the room?”
 Mother asked me what I was doing in the
room.
He asked , “Can I borrow your bike?”
 He asked whether/if he could borrow my bike.
Tom said to me, “Do you like football?”
 Tom asked me whether/if I liked football.
The visitor ___that he ___very glad to
visit our country.
 A. said ; was
 C. told ; was
 答案：A
B.said ; had been
D.spoke ; had been
He said, “These books are mine.”
 He said that those books were his.
She said, “I went there yesterday.”
She said that she had gone there the day before.
“ I’ll finish my work tomorrow,”she
said.
She said that she would finish her work the next day.
“ Will you go abroad or stay in Beijing?”he asked me.
He asked me whether/if I would go abroad or stay in
Beijing.
He asked her, “You have passed the eaxm, haven’t you?”
He asked her whether/if she had passed the exam.

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