Compulsory English for Elementary

Who is she?
Makiko Tanaka
Compulsory English for Elementary
Schoolers:Necessary or Unnecessary
Natsuki Hoshi
OUTLINE
1.
Back Ground
2. Defining the terms
3. Necessary
4. Unnecessary
5. Analysis
6. Conclusion
Background
2004 ～「外国語」 compulsory for
junior high students
2011～
「外国語活動」compulsory for
5th and 6th graders in elementary school.
※In principle English should be selected for foreign language
activities.
OUTLINE
1. Back Ground
2. Defining the terms
3. Necessary
4. Unnecessary
5. Analysis
6. Conclusion
2. Defining the terms
Compulsory English for Elementary Schoolers:
Necessary or Unnecessary
外国語活動（英語）
1.To form the foundation of pupils’ communication abilities
through foreign languages
2.Developing the understanding of languages and cultures
through various experiences
3.Fostering a positive attitude toward communication
4.Familiarizing pupils with the sounds and basic expressions of
foreign languages.（MEXT2009)
2. Defining the terms
Compulsory English for Elementary Schoolers:
Necessary or Unnecessary
All the children who have attained the age of 6 are required to
attend elementary school for six years. Elementary schools
aim at giving children between the ages of 6 and 12
2. Defining the terms
Compulsory English for Elementary Schoolers:
Necessary or Unnecessary
Compulsory English will be
beneficial and
useful for building pupils communication abilities.
2. Defining the terms
Compulsory English for Elementary Schoolers:
Necessary or Unnecessary
Compulsory English will be useless and meaningless
for building pupils communication abilities
OUTLINE
1. Back Ground
2. Defining the terms
3. Necessary
4. Unnecessary
5. Analysis
6. Conclusion
3.
Necessary
3.1 Need for “Global 人材”
3.2 The faster you learn a language the more advantage
3.1 Need for “Global 人材”
Definition of global 人材
1.「既成概念に捉われず、チャレンジ精神を持ち続け
る」姿勢
2. 外国語によるコミュニケーション能力
3. 海外との文化、価値観の差に興味・関心を持ち柔軟
に対応する
（経団連２０１１）
3.1 Need for “Global 人材”
Definition of global 人材
「日本人としてのアイデンティティを持ちな
がら、広い視野に立って培われる教養と専
門性、異なる言語、文化、価値を乗り越え
て関係を構築するためのコミュニケーショ
ン能力と協調性、新しい価値を創造する能
力、次世代までも視野に入れた社会貢献の
意識などを持った人間」
（MEXT 2011)
3.1 Need for “Global 人材”
Compulsory English will be beneficial
and
useful
for
(経団連２０１１）
building pupils communication abilities
3.1 Need for “Global 人材”
 We think middle layers and store managers should be global人
材. I tell young people that they are not going to be able to do
business in just Japanese anymore. Many foreign companies are
coming in to Japan and we are also heading out as well. Quite
simply, there’s a global competition going on. In order to show
leadership you need
(Nikkei Business 2012)
to be able to speak English.
Compulsory English will be beneficial and useful for
building pupils communication abilities
3.2 The faster you learn a language
the more advantage
「生まれたときは、それぞれの言語が発する周波数す
べてに耳が開かれているが、成長とともに、いつも
聞いている周波数にしか反応しなくなる。」
日本語は低周波音域
英語は高周波音域
The faster you learn a language =better listening and pronunciation
Compulsory English will be beneficial(中村あつこ2008)
and useful for
building pupils communication abilities
3.2 The faster you learn a language
the more advantage
Compulsory English will be beneficial and (MEXT2004)
useful for
building pupils communication abilities
OUTLINE
1. Back Ground
2. Defining the terms
3. Necessary
4. Unnecessary
5. Analysis
6. Conclusion
4. Unnecessary
4.1 Trapped in colonial mentality
West> Japan
4.2 Learning Japanese and Japanese culture is
the first priority.
4.1 Trapped in colonial mentality
West＞Japan
"In Japan, there is a deep-seated notion that the
English language belongs to Britain and the United
States”
(本名信行 2012)
4.1 Trapped in colonial mentality
West> Japan
Program
Students
American
Engish
Output expectation
American
English
Speakers
(Nobuyuki Honna 2008)
English belongs
to the West
Colonial Mentality
Compulsory English will be useless and meaningless
for building pupils communication abilities
4. Unnecessary
4.1 Trapped in colonial mentality
West> Japan
4.2 Learning Japanese and Japanese culture is
the first priority.
4.2 Learning Japanese and Japanese
culture is the first priority.
「母語能力が確立されていない時期に、母語教育
の機会が閉ざされた状態で第２言語のみによる学
習を行うことは、基礎的な認知能力の発達に不可
欠で重要な言語システムを破壊し、子どもを、表
現と思考の道具としての母語も第２言語も用いる
ことができない状態におとしいれる」
（宮島喬・梶田孝道, 1996)
4.2 Learning Japanese and Japanese
culture is the first priority.
「母語の確立している子どもはもとより、形成途
上の子どもも、ものの知見や認知、抽象的能力等、
思考能力そのものが母語との関連で形成されてい
る。」
Compulsory
English and
will beDamaging
useless andJapanese
meaningless
Disturbing
for building pupils（宮島喬・太田晴雄２００５）
communication abilities
Development
OUTLINE
1. Back Ground
2. Defining the terms
3. Necessary
4. Unnecessary
5. Analysis
6. Conclusion
4. Analysis
3.1 Looking for “Global人材”
Compulsory English will be beneficial and
useful for building pupils communication
abilities
The definition for Global人材 just says a different
language. It is not defined as English.
5. Analysis
3.1Need for “グローバル人材”
”
10
1
3
4
6
8 9
2
7
5
Japan does trading a lot with Asian countries.
4. Analysis
3.2 The faster you learn a language the more advantage
Compulsory English will be beneficial and
useful for building pupils communication
abilities
Only better pronunciation.
Not better communication skills.
5. Analysis
4.1 Trapped in colonial mentality
West> Japan
Kazuo Hirai
Compulsory English will be useless and
meaningless for building pupils communication
abilities
Sadako Ogata
Yusuke Iseya
5. Analysis
4.1 Trapped in colonial mentality
West> Japan
Myth
(内閣府2011)
5. Analysis
4.2 Learning Japanese and Japanese
culture is the first priority.
Compulsory English will be useless and meaningless
for building pupils communication abilities
2011）
(京都市教育委員会2011）
5. Final Analysis
3.1 Trading mostly with Asian
countries
Compulsory English
→however,
English is spoken
Necessary
in many Asian countries.
World Englishes
3.2
BetterCompulsory
pronunciation
English
Unnecessary
=Better communication?
4.1 Colonial mentality
West>
Japan
Compulsory English
→ Myth Necessary
4.2 Time for「国語」increased
Compulsory English
→Has stronger
Japanese base
Necessary
than before
OUTLINE
1. Back Ground
2. Defining the terms
3. Necessary
4. Unnecessary
5. Analysis
6. Conclusion
6.Conclusion
Compulsory English for elementary schoolers
Necessary
OUTLINE
1. Back Ground
2. Defining the terms
3. Necessary
4. Unnecessary
5. Analysis
6. Conclusion
Future Research
・Japanese support for children who come from broad
・Bilingualism Education
Compulsory English for Elementary
Schoolers:Necessary or Unnecessary

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