Drew Clark, MA Ciaramella, Niraj Nayak, Chris Civitello, Kellen Anker Language is a special code Method of communicating with others Used through text, oration, and gestures Two components of language Sender Receiver Sender’s brain formulates thoughts into sounds and muscle movements Receiver’s brain processes the sounds or movements and interprets them Frontal lobes and structures deep in the brain are responsible cingulate gyrus Timing mechanisms of language take place in the cerebellum and its subcortial grey matter Research on how the brain processes language is difficult No other species has as rich of a language as human Most research comes from studies on brains with neurological diseases Decades ago most research came post-mortem Now there is new technology to view the brain while it is in action Diseases that affect cognition are devastating to humans in a particular way Inability to communicate can have immense effects on emotional state and social position Can be impaired by sudden events such as stroke or head injuries, or other conditions Alzheimer's, Parkinson's Disease, other developmental disorders Science has enabled highly specific diagnoses of language disorders Can tell what language processors are affected Targeting these specific impairments can improve language functioning The more we know about brain mechanisms, the more tailored medical therapies become Subsequently, language skills can be improved Legend: F3t = pars triangularis F3o = pars opercularis SG = supramarginal gyrus AG = angular gyru TI = first temporal gyrus
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