A SE MIA NNUA L NEWS LE T T E R
VOL. 35 · ISSUE 2 · SPRING 2015.
La Frontera
Association for Borderlands Studies Newsletter
Published by the ABS Secretariat. Design and Coding © Copyright 2015
Highlights of This Issue
Message from the
President
President van der Velde
recaps the past year and
outlines the future
developments for the
association.
Editor: Jussi Laine
ABS Outreach
Mirza Zulfiqur
Rahman & Kathleen
Staudt report on the
ABS India Outreach
Workshop on Border
Studies in Northeast
India.
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Pages 3-5
MESSAGE FROM THE
PRESIDENT
Dear ABS colleagues,
Welcome to
Portland, “City of
Roses”, brewpubs
and good coffee. A
truly nice place to
hold our yearly
legacy meeting. First
of all we have to
thank Akihiro
Iwashita for offering
us another exciting
program. Yet another
year we have to say that this might be one of
the best ever meetings. The program is
available on the web site. Being the
program-chair and president-elect Akihiro
will probably point us at some of the
outstanding aspects of the program. What I
would like to mention already is the plenary
session in which we will honour Ellwyn
Stoddard with the ABS Lifetime
Achievement Award. As one of the founders
of the ABS he has been instrumental for our
beloved organization and it is great that he
will able to join us and share some thoughts
on the history of the ABS.
This year has been a year of further global
outreach of the ABS. June last year we gathered
in Joensuu and St. Petersburg for the first ever
ABS-World Meeting. With 450 participants from
over 60 countries it has been a true global
ABS Executive Secretariat
CfP: II World
Conference 2018
The Executive Officers
and the ABS Board
invite interested
institutions to submit
proposals to organize
the next ABS World
Conference. Page 7
Save the Date
ABS 2016 European
Conference:
Differences and
Discontinuities in a
‘Europe without
Borders’ 4–7 October
2016, Luxembourg.
Page 9
meeting. It will surely be the start of another
great ABS tradition. During the meeting in
Portland we will discuss the location of the next
meeting in 2018.
Furthermore early March a delegation of ABSmembers together with local participants
gathered in the Northeast of India and Delhi, for
the first regional ABS-meeting in India. The ABS
has to thank the local organisers, and in
particular Mirza Zulfiqur Rahman and
Krisnendra Meena, for their efforts to make this a
success.
For the near future plans are being developed for
an ABS-meeting in Mexican-Guatemalan border
region. And the next ABS-Europe meeting will
be organized in the fall of 2016 in Luxemburg.
Slowly the ABS develops into the global player it
wants to be.
Another important on-going issue is the revision
of our bylaws to accommodate the growth of the
ABS both in members as well as geographically.
Christopher Brown is chairing the committee
dealing that took on this task. He will report on
the progress in the Board and Business Meeting
During the meeting and linked to this we will
also continue our discussion on the future of our
association. I would like to invite you all to join
the plenary roundtable discussion on Saturday,
where amongst other things also the visioning
committee headed by Victor Konrad will report
on their activities.
A word of thanks of course has to be extended to
all executive and board members for their efforts
this year. A special thanks goes to Jussi Laine as
ABS Visioning
Committee Report
We wish to hear from
you before or at the
ABS meeting in
Portland! ABS
Visioning Plenary
Session: Saturday
April 11, 2:45-4:15pm.
Page 12
Op-Eds
This issues features
numerous topical texts.
Read what G. CorreaCabrera, S. Sengupta, V.
Konrad, D. Stea & A.
Chung have to say!
Pages 14-22
the executive secretary and treasurer and the
Joensuu team. The past year has shown that the
association is in capable hands. Emmanuel
Brunet Jailly and his team continue to be of great
importance as editors of the JBS. And of course
we have to thank all the members of the different
nominating committees. As these kinds of efforts
are making the association what it is now I would
like to encourage you to consider participating in
these committees or engage actively with the ABS
in other ways.
Like last year I would like to emphasise that the
future of the ABS is depending very much on
involving and engaging students to present and
be present at the ABS and participate in the work
of the association. Please encourage all of your
students in border studies to get involved in the
ABS.
As I will pass on the presidency to Akihiro
Iwashita during this meeting I would like to wish
him all the success he needs for the coming year.
Knowing his engagement with the ABS and
border studies, I am sure that the coming year
will be another successful one for our
organization.
With the warmest regards
Martin van der Velde, President
-­‐ Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland
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ABS/57th WSSA Annual Conference
April 8-11, 2015 - Portland, Oregon
MESSAGE FROM THE
PROGRAM CHAIR
Dear ABS Colleagues,
We are gathering in Portland for
the next ABS-meeting and this
year our theme is “Border
Studies and the New World
(Dis)order: Relating Theories
and Practice.” We have 53
panels confirmed and you can
already view the program on our
ABS website: http://
absborderlands.org/studies/
annual-meetings/. I invite you to
browse the program and choose
your panel from an impressive
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breadth and depth of knowledge
and expertise in the ABS. This
year we have a particularly
diverse mix, including panels
and papers drawing out
functional and theoretical
innovations that have
application beyond specific areabased research. We also maintain
the rich tradition of the ABSmeeting, with a wealth of indepth area-studies centered
research, including many
fascinating papers on the latest
research from the US-Mexico
borderlands. In addition, the
coming meeting involves many
colleagues from Asia, showing
how researchers from further
afield are increasingly
contributing to the next
generation of the ABS
community.
Aside from the regular sessions,
several special and plenary
panels have been scheduled. On
Thursday and Saturday, Brown
Bag lunch meetings will take
ABS Executive Secretariat
place where you can enjoy a talk
on the book “Borders” with its
author, as well as a documentary
on Japan’s maritime borders. On
Thursday afternoon, Ellwyn
Stoddard, Professor Emeritus of
Sociology and Anthropology at
the University of Texas El Paso,
will receive an ABS Lifetime
Achievement Award and will
give a talk on the “The
Multidisciplinary ABS:
Reminiscences of a Borderline
Scholar.” On Friday afternoon, a
special panel has been arranged
on Borders, Walls, and
Resistance. Saturday afternoon
will see us continue the dialogue
of the ABS Visioning Committee
under Martin van der Velde,
where all ABS members are
welcome to join and speak freely.
All of the members are also
encouraged to join three, FREE
receptions (sponsored by the
WSSA on Wednesday and
Saturday, and organized by the
ABS on Friday), where we will
enjoy discussing the future plans
of the ABS over nice food and
drink.
Finally, I fully express my
gratitude to the ABS program
Advisory Committee members,
secretaries, and all those who
have supported this meeting.
Thank you.
I look forward to seeing you in
Portland!
Akihiro Iwashita
President Elect and 2015 ABS
Program Chair
Hokkaido University, Japan
-­‐ Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland
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There are Many Indias (and Many Borders):
A Call for Collaborations and Comparative Research
— Mirza Zulfiqur Rahman & Kathleen Staudt
From March 1-5, 2015, the Institute of
Chinese Studies (Delhi) and the
Association for Borderlands Studies
(ABS) co-sponsored an international
workshop in far Northeast India,
beginning in Guwahati, Assam, entitled
“Living between the Rolling Hills and
the High Himalayas: Understanding
Borders and Spaces in Northeast India.”
After interactions with presenters on five
panels on March 2, the entire group traveled
through Shillong in the province of
Meghalaya to Dawki, at the border with
Tamabil, Bangladesh. The road leading to
Dawki is one of the most beautiful hill roads
in this part of the world, but as one
approaches the border, one can spot hundreds
of diesel fuming trucks ferrying limestone,
coal and boulder stones, a major part of the
cross-border trade between India and
Bangladesh. On March 5, participants
interacted at two half-day conferences in New
Delhi: the Centre for Policy Research,
“Encountering Borders,” and the Centre for
International Politics at Jawaharlal Nehru
University (JNU), “Border Studies in India.”
Many fruitful discussions occurred that will
likely move border theories and empirical
studies from Euro- and North Americancentric approaches in the ‘North’ to include
‘South’ Asian perspectives in a more
comprehensive global and comparative border
studies. Here we analyze some of the insights
gained and the opportunities for collaborative
research.
electoral victory of the Bharatya Janata Party
(BJP), India’s economic policies have more
vigorously embraced neoliberalism than what
the Congress-led party pushed. Minimum
wages range a ten-fold difference by state from
the equivalence of US$2 to US$20 per day.
India, like the US, seems obsessed with
‘national security.’ Reece Jones (2012), in
Border Walls, with comparative perspectives
(Israel-Palestine and U.S.-Mexico), analyzes
India’s fences with various borders. Each
border offers differing contextual nuances, as
we learned from conference presentations.
Visiting scholars (like Kathleen) experienced
securitization in many forms, from health-
oriented temperature taking and surprised
unannounced disinfection sprayed in
airplanes before landing in India to the
expected hyper-security practices at airplanes
that include universal pat-downs in genderseparate lines (‘ladies’ and ‘gents’) plus the
usual technological surveillance. Visitors also
noticed privatized securitization: hotels that
scanned passports and ran bomb-detection
devices under vehicles upon entry; at
shopping malls, car checks—trunk and hood
—plus metal-detector walk-throughs. Yet
‘street-level bureaucrats’ prevail as well, with
discretion applied based on whimsy or snap
judgments.
The Region, a fixed place in India
India, with the second largest population in
the world of 1.3 billion people, hosts an
economy with 2014 economic growth rates of
7-8%, far surpassing European and North
American rates. Its post-colonial history
resonated with non-aligned, soft-socialist
rhetoric on domestic policies, though a
practice that permitted uneven development
and glaring inequalities in class and gender
terms. In recent decades, and under the
ABS Executive Secretariat
-­‐ Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland
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Presentation Highlights
We heard scholars say “there are many
Indias.” Likewise, we learned about many
borders, not only within India, but also and
especially the varying border contexts of
India’s northeastern eight state borders with
Bangladesh, Bhutan, China (Tibet), Myanmar
(Burma), and Nepal. Northeast India is
connected to the rest of mainstream India by a
thread-like 22 km (13.6 miles) land corridor,
also known as the Chicken’s Neck, thanks to
British Judge Radcliffe whose commissioners
drew boundaries in 1947 Delhi without much
regard for maintaining the integrity of ethnic
and linguistic groups. Dr. Sanjeeb Kakoty
from IIM Shillong referred to the “illogical
way borders were drawn” and the “sheer
madness of borders in this part of the world.”
Dr. Yengkhom Jilangamba from TISS
Guwahati said, “borders are absolutely
ridiculous,” with “farmers accused of
smuggling their own rice” and a borderline
post in the middle of a school. We also heard
presentations on India’s northern and western
borders (with Pakistan) and the contested
Kashmir. About the border with Pakistan, Dr.
Krishnendra Meena conducted research with
farmers whose land was divided by the border.
Some needed permits to enter their fields,
suffered injuries from land mines, and could
not irrigate fields at night, among other
challenges. Yet in interviews, farmers
acquiesced to everyday barriers and costs,
saying “I love India first.” The tension
between trade and security emerged in
multiple presentations, though the budgetary
burdens of militarized borders do not seem to
generate civil society activism as is more
common in the U.S.-Mexico borderlands.
The conference jolted many participants to rethink the historical theoretical constructions
that began with Westphalia and colonial
cartography into broader pre-British
occupation (1857) fluid, mobile empires of
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borderlessness or unfixed borders (Drs Devika
Sharma, Nimmi Kurian). Historically, one
might characterize the region as “co-existent
civilizations” rather than a “clash of
civilizations” (Dr. Jabin Jacob). Renowned
political anthropologist James C. Scott
provides historical perspectives on the hill
peoples who resisted state affiliation for long
periods in The Art of Not Being Governed
(1999). Dutch scholar and ABS President
Martin van der Velde discussed the postborder world within European
‘continentalism’ that aims to level the
economic differences between both sides. Such
insights raise questions about territorialism:
who claims the territory, then who exercises
power to control it and how (once
constructed by scholars as “nation-
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image as a “flaming red Chinese dragon.” In
informal conversations at JNU, we learned
that many people in Arunachal Pradesh,
despite its historical linguistic ties and
centuries old tribute paid to Tibet, have
embraced India’s nation-building project,
which synchronizes the national with Hindi
language in their school instruction. In so
doing, places and people undergo renaming
and local narratives gradually lose their
meanings. Residents may embrace these
impositions to defend against possible future
Chinese incursions.
Sanjib Baruah’s scholarly analysis (see
Durable Disorder… 2005) advances
understandings of northeastern India’s
politics, where a “democracy deficit” coexists
with insurgent militias (ethnic and multiethnic) with an electoral, developmental state
and its “two-tiered citizenship’. In half of
northeastern states, says Baruah, “the lion’s
share of public employment, business and
trade licenses, and even the right to contest for
building”). We also heard about the
elected office are reserved for Scheduled Tribes
entrapment of Bangladeshi people in Bengal.
legally considered indigenous to those
Dr. Uttam Lal from Sikkim University
states” (2005: 10). Some people mobilize
analyzed the nomadic herder Yak people of
indigenousness to “claim tribal status,” even
Sikkim, some of whom are trapped in India,
advocating the imposition of state border
unable to return to Bhutan or Nepal, because a checks to protect against internal migrants.
border security post controlled the area
Nuances like these remind us of internal
through a sacred lake (his power point
borders of identity and language, or what
contained stunning pictures).
some of the Europeans referred to as ‘mental
borders.’
India’s physical borders have been actively
contested by China, once deemed a menace due The intellectual discussions and exchanges at
to its 1962 invasion of the (contested on maps) the conference put multiple issues on our
province of Arunachal Pradesh, which the
research maps, hopefully to address in
Chinese claimed, was part of Southern Tibet
collaborative research and partnerships. We
(itself invaded by China). In later decades, the list the following below.
relatively autonomous Yunnan provincial
Border theories and typologies: State
officials reached out to facilitate cross-border
theorizing has frequently been Euro-centric,
trade, though recently Chinese capital city
yet India contains three major world religions
officials overwhelmed these regional economic
and uses symbolic discourse like the “sacred
initiatives with its re-centralizing Silk Road
state” within which sacred rivers, lakes,
initiative (Jacob), partly aimed to overcome its
ABS Executive Secretariat - Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland
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and shrines exist. Parts of India contain
people who historically have not sought
affiliation with a state. Dr. Akihiro Iwashita
presented illustrious maps of changing,
expanding maritime borders in Asia.
provinces in Northeast India towards the
shaping of the bilateral transboundary
water sharing negotiations/responses with
Bangladesh, Bhutan and China with respect
to the river Brahmaputra, and presenting
the Eastern Himalayan region as an
ecological whole, and not divided along
sovereign national boundaries.
Environmental issues: With state
neighbors, India shares river basins, flood
and seismic zones, and residents affected
therefrom. Pollution and other climate
changes pose health security risks. For
example, by 2050, half of Bangladesh’s land
could be under water. Will refugees be a
global or India issue? The US-Mexico
border’s Rio Grande and associated
pollution, with export-processing industries
that use the ten-fold wage differences, face
similar problems. Dr. Paul Ganster
analyzed how the North American Free
Trade Agreement (NAFTA) provided space
for environmental researchers and border
voices to be heard in the national capital
cities. Dr. Irasema Coronado analyzed how
a NAFTA amendment mandated the
Commission on Environment Cooperation
with Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. each
contributing equal budgetary resources to
its operations and opportunities for civil
society activists’ voices. Mirza presented an
analysis which questioned of the role of
Civil society at borders, including
commerce, large and small. Border people
often share common interests, but
repression of their movement and voices (as
many said, “Delhi doesn’t understand us,”
a refrain heard about Washington, D.C.,
and Mexico City). National security
agendas may overwhelm traders, both big
and small. Big business and global
capitalism exercise powerful voices that
advantage their interests over others.
Informal traders cross borders to trade in
the still-porous borderlands of various
world regions. Alok Ranjan analyzed
several cross-border haats (open border
markets) along with severe restrictions and
controls imposed by the state.
ABS Executive Secretariat
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In sum, the ICS-ABS-CPR-JNU conference
offers a model for collaboration and
comparative border research. As a start,
thematic journals with co-authored articles
from scholars based in India and Europe
and/or North America would begin to
disseminate comparative knowledge on
borders. (Those interested should contact
[email protected] with a proposed title and
Women and gender: Like Scheduled Tribes, abstract by May 1.)
the underrepresentation of women in
political institutions and higher education
*
*
*
*
remains an issue, partly addressed through
M i r z a Z u l f i q u r R a h m a n is a
“deprivation points” and “quotas.”
Gendered violence is a chronic problem, like PhD Candidate at the Indian Institute of
elsewhere in the world. Dr. Patricia Uberoi Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India. K a t h
l e e n S t a u d t, PhD, works at the
called for research on the potential
University of Texas at El Paso.
displacement of small-scale women traders
who crossed borders, along with matrilineal
ABS India Outreach Workshop on Border
land inheritance in some Scheduled Tribes,
Studies in Northeast India was organised
as commercialization and large-scale
jointly by the Association for Borderlands
commerce proceeds.
Securitization preoccupies the state and
politics, thus deserving research in its own
right. Illegal trade in animal parts and
human trafficking produces “hardened”
policing at borders (Kurian, Laine).
Studies (ABS) & the Border Studies
Programme, Institute of Chinese Studies, New
Delhi (ICS).
Organizing Committee:
Martin van der Velde, President
Akihiro Iwashita, Vice Presiden,
Jussi Laine, Executive Secretary and
Treasurer
Jabin T. Jacob, Institute of Chinese Studies
Mirza Zulfiqur Rahman, IIT Guwahati, on
behalf of the Institute of Chinese Studies
-­‐ Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland
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El Programa para las Comunidades Transfronterizas de Arizona State University se complace en anunciar Regiones imaginadas, una exposición de mapas históricos de la Colección Simón Burrow de Mapas Transfronterizos. La exhibición, que será inaugurada en Phoenix, Arizona en febrero 19, destaca como las Américas han sido conceptualizadas de diversas formas por cartógrafos y refleja la evolución de los Estados Unidos y México desde el siglo XVI. Los mapas en exhibición cuentan historias que reflejan la inventiva de cartógrafos; las exploraciones pioneras de territorios desconocidos; las disputas por el territorio y la lucha por la construcción de la nación; así como el paisaje social cambiante de las Américas. Pero sobre todo, los mapas incluidos en la exposición muestran como el territorio y el espacio han sido y continúan siendo imaginados, y como las regiones imaginadas han tenido el poder de moldear la evolución de la región fronteriza México-­‐‑Estado Unidos. La colección ASU Simon Burrow de Mapas Transfronterizos estará disponible en el sitio web de la Escuela de Estudios Transfronterizos muy pronto (hNps://sts.asu.edu/ptc). Maker Unknown, UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, 1859 (U.S.)
Imagined Regions: The ASU Simon Burrow
Transborder Maps Collection
Regiones Imaginadas: Colección ASU Simon
Burrow de Mapas Transfronterizos
The Program for Transborder Communities at Arizona State University is pleased to announce Imagined Regions, an exhibition of historic maps from the Simon Burrow Transborder Map Collection. The exhibit, which will be inaugurated in la Phoenix, Arizona on February 19th, highlights the different ways the Americas have been conceptualized by mapmakers and reflect the evolution of the United States and Mexico from the sixteenth century onwards. The maps displayed tell many stories about the inventive nature of cartography: the early exploration of uncharted territories in the Americas; the land claims and disputes and struggles of nation building, and the changing social landscape of the continent. Most importantly, the maps included in this exhibit showcase how territory and space have been and continue to be imagined, and how imagined regions have had the power to shape the evolution of United States-­‐‑Mexico borderlands. The ASU Simon Burrow Transborder Maps Collection will be available on the School of Transborder Studies’ website soon (hNps://sts.asu.edu/ptc). John Wesley Powell, LINGUISTIC STOCKS OF AMERICAN
INDIANS NORTH OF MEXICO, 1891 (U.S.)
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ABS Executive Secretariat
-­‐ Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland
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Association for Borderlands Studies
II World Conference 2018
- Call for Proposals The Executive Officers and the Board of the Association for Borderlands Studies invite interested
institutions to submit proposals to organize the next ABS World Conference scheduled for 2018 The deadline for submiGing a statement of interest: April 4, 2015 The deadline for submiGing a full proposal: September 30, 2015
The ABS membership has grown year after year and, above all, it has b e c o m e i n c r e a s i n g l y m o r e international. Today, more than half of the ABS membership lives outside of the United States, the birthplace of the association. As the ABS grows to meet the challenge of accommodating its ever more international and diverse membership, it has become necessary to renew some of the t r a d i t i o n a l l o g i s t i c a l a n d organizational practices in order to match the new circumstances. The Association for Borderlands Studies aims to provide important linkages among scholars around the globe. The ABS World Conference is a practical example of working towards this goal. Having a broader conference not tied to any specific country or continent is expected to bring new possibilities to those living outside the United States, where the ABS Annual Meetings are held. While these meetings, held in conjunction with the Western Social Science Association’s annual conference, will remain as the main gathering of the association, a broader forum for global border dialogue circulating in various locations all around the world is very much needed. ABS Executive Secretariat
This forum will broaden both the t r a d i t i o n a l g e o g r a p h i c a l a n d disciplinary borders of the association itself, and the forum will foster the ABS global reach by encouraging participation from all corners of the world. The forum will advance twenty-­‐‑first century scholarship on borders and borderlands. The ABS World Conference aims to bring together various border studies networks to discuss issues of common concern. The ABS World Conference also welcomes colleagues outside the a c a d e m i c w o r l d : t h e w o r l d conference, as well as the association as a whole, is open to policymakers, diplomats, law enforcement agencies, non-­‐‑state actors, artists, and many others interested in the study of borders. The ABS World Conference does not aim to initiate another competing border conference series among dozens of established and high profile events. On the contrary, the idea is that by offering a forum for a regular global gathering of border scholars, ABS World helps structure the field and facilitate the development of m o r e t h e m a t i c a l l y a n d / o r geographically specific meetings and c o n f e r e n c e s a n d , i n t h i s wa y , strengthen the overall profile of border studies internationally. Proposals should also include a leNer of support signed by the President of the hosting institution(s), expressing the appropriate commitments and a plan of action to fulfill these duties. To download the full call, please go to: hNp://absborderlands.org/wp-­‐‑content/
uploads/2014/03/ABS-­‐‑World-­‐‑Call.pdf Both the statement of interests (deadline April 4, 2015) and the full proposals (deadline September 15, 2015) should be submiNed in a single P D F fi l e w i t h a l l s u p p o r t i n g documents via email to Dr. Jussi Laine, Executive Secretary of the Association for Borderlands Studies at absexec@uef.fi All the statements of interest received by the deadline will be assessed during the ABS Board Meeting on April 9, 2015. Questions? Contact the Executive Secretariat | e-­‐‑mail: absexec@uef.fi -­‐ Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland
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Of Interest...
Guest Lectures on European Borders
and Regional Integration at the
University of Southern Denmark
In the Fall 2015, the Department of Border
Region Studies at SDU in Denmark organizes
a series of five guest lectures exploring the new
forms and functions of borders and their
consequences for regional integration in
Europe. The guest lecturers are: David
Newman (Ben-Gurion University of the
Negev), Cathal McCall (Queen’s University
Belfast), Birte Wassenberg (University of
Strasbourg), Høgni Kalsø Hansen (University
of Copenhagen), and Jörg Knieling (HafenCity
University Hamburg). More information can
be found at: http://www.sdu.dk/en/Om_SDU/
Institutter_centre/I_Graenseforskning/Events/
Guestlecturers
BRIT XV conference
From 17-20 May 2016, the Department of
Border Region Studies, University of Southern
Denmark, the Hafen City University Hamburg
and the University of Hamburg will host the
“Cities, States and Borders – From the Local to
the Global” in Hamburg and Sønderborg.
A call for papers will be available in the late
summer 2015.
New publication ”Writing at
Borders” has been published
linguistics in the Universities of Eastern
Finland, Helsinki, Tartu, Tallinn and
Greifswald. The publication is part of the
research project “Writing Cultures and
Traditions at Borders” funded by Academy of
Finland (2010–2014, http://www.uef.fi/fi/
wctb).
Bibliographical information: Tuulikki Kurki,
Saija Kaskinen, Kirsi Laurén, Mari Ristolainen
(eds.), Writing at Borders. Culture Unbound,
vol. 6/2014. Linköping University Electronic
Press.
Link to the publication: http://
www.cultureunbound.ep.liu.se/v6/
cul14v6_Writing_at_Borders.pdf
338 p, paper version.
ISBN: 9782858924387
Publisher: MSHA (Maison de Sciences de
l'Homme d’Aquitaine)
http://www.msha.fr/msha/publi/ouvrage/
affiche_publication.php?code=P400
New books in Ashgate Border
Regions Series
Link to the project’s website: www.uef.fi/wctb
Borderscaping: Imaginations and
Practices of Border Making
New Book: Contested Territories: Mixed
Identity Constructs and Hybrid Culture in
San Diego (California) 1770-1920
Edited by Chiara Brambilla, University of
Bergamo, Italy, Jussi Laine, University of
Eastern Finland, Finland, James W. Scott,
University of Eastern Finland, Finland and
Gianluca Bocchi, University of Bergamo, Italy Focusing on the regional culture of San Diego,
California, this volume addresses the various
manifestations, mechanisms and changes that
both shape and define the local population from
the late 18th to the early 20th centuries. From
its role as an active colonial seaport to being a
focal point of the US-Mexican border, this work
analyzes the confrontation and blending of
peoples, ideas and influences that have
contributed to San Diego culture.
“Writing at Borders” examines texts, talk and
writing at Finnish, Estonian and Russian
territorial and symbolic borderlands. The
publication and its nine articles stress the
importance of cultural studies and the
humanist point of view on borders and border
crossings in the multidisciplinary field of
border studies.
Drawing from multiple disciplines, this work
discusses the evolution of population and
society as seen from archival and historical
sources as well as through the representations
found in literary, sociological, or archeological
studies. This unique approach allows the
questioning of canonic positions and recognizes
the complexity of regional borderland studies in
an effort to better define the mechanisms and
manifestations of local Californio culture.
The authors of the publication represent
cultural research, literature research and
The resulting text, focused on the people living
in San Diego and the physical and social
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environment in which they circulated, seeks to
contribute to the scholarship and
understanding of this unique place.
ABS Executive Secretariat
Mobility and Migration Choices
Edited by Martin van der Velde and Ton van
Naerssen, Radboud University Nijmegen, The
Netherlands
Israelis and Palestinians in the Shadows
of the Wall
Edited by Stéphanie Latte Abdallah, French
Institute of the Near East, CNRS, Palestinian
Territories and Cédric Parizot, IREMAM,
CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Aix en
Provence, France
New Book
James Pick, professor of business at University
of Redlands, has co-authored a book on
determinants and spatial distributions of
technology levels worldwide: James B. Pick
and Avijit Sarkar, 2015,The Global Digital
Divides: Explaining Change, Springer-Verlag.
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-Save the Date-
Association for Borderland Studies
2016 European Conference
Differences and Discontinuities in a ‘Europe without Borders’
4–7 October 2016, Luxembourg
University of Luxembourg
In cooperation with UniGRCenter for Border Studies
(UniGR-CBS)
Every two years the European
conference of the Association for
Borderland Studies (ABS) is
organized and offers a platform to
scientists in the field of Border
Studies. After the ABS World
Conference in Finland and Russia
(2014) that also served as a European
conference, the University of
Luxembourg will host the ABS
European conference in 2016.
Borders play a particular role in
Luxembourg. The Luxembourgish
village Schengen gained international
celebrity due to the signed treaties for
open borders. In 2015 this agreement
celebrates its 30th anniversary.
Luxembourg shares its national
borders with three other states
(Belgium, Germany and France).
Opening the borders had large
impacts on the state’s economic, social
and political development. Besides the
opening of the European internal
borders due to the Schengen
Agreement, a hardening of the
European external borders can be
observed.
Illegal flows of refugees and the
European organization FRONTEX
display only two potential
consequences of this hardening of
ABS Executive Secretariat
external borders. However,
Luxembourg also offers other borders.
Among others there exist e.g. regional
and local borders, language borders,
cultural, political and economic
borders. Here, the Greater region
“SaarLorLux” assumes important
relevance. Aside from Luxembourg
this also includes Wallonia, the
German speaking community of
Belgium, Rhineland-Palatinate,
Saarland and Lorraine.
The conference will take place in the
young University of Luxembourg: the
new university location Belval, in
cooperation with the University of the
Greater Region (alliance of six
universities of the Greater Region
SaarLorLux). This university location
is also situated close to the FrenchLuxembourgish border.
encourage professional exchanges and
to bring of course Luxembourg and
the Greater Region closer to you.
The University of Luxembourg and
the organisation team looks forward
to welcoming you!
The call for papers will be launched
soon.
Asociación de
The ABS Europe 2016-conference in
Luxembourg wants to highlight the
topic “Differences and
discontinuities in a “Europe
without borders””. The sessions are
divided into the following subtopics:
•Mobility and multilocality
•Multilingualism and diversity
•Growth and sustainability
•Instability and change
We would be delighted to obtain
contributions from different
disciplines of the Border Studies as
well as an interested expert audience.
Furthermore we would like to
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Financial Overview
Association for Borderlands Studies - 2014
Financial Summary - UEF ABS Account
All funds reported in Euro (€)
ACTIVITY
REVENUE
EXPENSES
BALANCE
Account Balance at January 1, 2014
22 009,17
Membership dues received by UEF
Other operating income
15 964,27
2,60
Credit card commissions
297,87 Bank Service Charges
23,32 Bank account interest rate 2014
83,74
Routledge Journals 2014 contribution (11.896,00 CAD)
7 894,60
Routledge Journals Royalty Statement 2014 (5.768,91 CAD)
3 775,78
Payment to WSSA for April meeting (2.200,00 USD)
1 635,32 ABS grad student best paper award ($250 USD)
203,33 Contribution for editorship of the Journal of Borderlands Studies Europe
1 375,00 2014 grant to (UVic) Journal for Borderland Studies (Brunet-Jailly)
3 123,86 RJBSH - Journal of Borderland Studies (6750,00 CAD)
4 857,16 Supplies (Book award plaque & certificate holders) (58,35 USD)
44,12 Donation to "BRIT XIV" conference (1.000,00 CAD)
711,39 G. Popescu’s Travel expenses to 2014 Annual Meeting
1 559,13 Total Revenue
27 720,99
Total Expenses
13 830,50 Account Balance
35 899,66
We wish to thank Professor Perttu Vartiainen, the Rector of the University of Eastern Finland as well as Professor Harri
Siiskonen, the Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Business Studies of the University of Eastern Finland for their
heartfelt support and generous financial assistance to the ABS Secretariat. The provided funding (separate from the
associations’ own funds detailed above) has been crucial for the effective management of the association.
The ABS secretariat organized the elections for the 2nd Vice President after the nomination committee headed by Vice President Dr.
Martha Patricia Barraza de Anda, Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez Ciudad Juárez, had first nominated two candidates for the position.
The nominations were approved by the President of the ABS, Dr. Martin van der Velde. Dr. Correa-Cabrera was declared the winner
after having received 52.2% of the eligible votes - see previous issue of La Frontera (35:1) for details.
We assisted Dr. Francisco Lara-Valencia and his committee in the search of three new board members. Dr. Christophe Sohn CEPS,
Luxembourg, Dr. Adriana Dorfman Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil and Dr. Joan B. Anderson University of San
Diego were nominated to join our Board and will serve until 2017.
We assisted the 2014 Past Presidents’ Book Award Committee in the book review process. The Gold Award went to Jenna M. Loyd,
Matt Mitchelson and Andrew Burridge (eds) ‘Beyond Walls and Cages: Prisons, Borders and Global Crisis’ (Georgia University
Press, 2013). The editors of the book will deliver a keynote presentation in the upcoming Annual Meeting in Portland.
The ABS World Conference became a success also in terms of member recruitment: 111 new members joined the association during
the conference! See the next page for membership overview. Full member directory will be published again in the fall issue.
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ABS Executive Secretariat
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Membership overview
Total 2013 memberships
233
Total 2014 memberships
371
Regular paid memberships
Student paid memberships
Non-OECD members
ABS Book Award Winner
Honorary Members
Lifetime Members
261
87
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ABS listserve: 1.672 members
South
Africa
Slovenia
Romania
Nepal
Latvia
Hungary
Georgia
Bulgaria
Belgium
Azerbaijan
Switzerland
Indonesia
Greece
Nigeria
New Zealand
Croatia
Turkey
India
Portugal
Czech Republic
Brazil
Sweden
USA
30%
South Korea
Austria
Israel
Norway
Australia
Mexico
8%
Spain
The Executive Secretary is responsible for
the following activities:
• Running annual elections;
• Managing the annual membership
campaign;
• Maintaining the ABS membership database
and e-mail listserve;
• Producing the bi-annual newsletter La
Frontera;
• Managing the annual book award process;
Maintaining the ABS website;
• Managing finances
Poland
Denmark
The Netherlands
Italy
Finland
7%
Japan
3%
Luxembourg
3%
Russia
3%
Canada
6%
France
4%
Germany
5%
UK
5%
Readership of La Frontera
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ABS VISIONING COMMITTEE ~ Report, March, 2015 We wish to hear from you before or at the ABS meeting in Portland!
ABS Visioning Plenary Session: Saturday April 11, 2:45-4:15pm
— Victor Konrad
[email protected]
At the 2014 ABS Annual Conference in
Albuquerque, the Visioning Committee was
enlarged to welcome members who
volunteered to serve on the committee, and
expanded to include a wider representation
of the ABS membership. Late in the summer
the committee members were requested to
share their suggestions for the future of the
ABS. These suggestions have been grouped
and compiled by Past President Victor
Konrad, who chairs the committee. Members
of the ABS Visioning Committee suggested a
variety of possible directions, improvements
and adjustments for the organization in its
period of rapid growth. These suggestions
range from comments on opportunity, ideas
for advancement, and plans for integration,
to imperatives for maintaining traditions
and established procedures. The Visioning
Committee did not address ABS Bylaw
changes because these are being considered
by Past President Chris Brown and his
committee.
The suggestions received from the committee
members are organized below under four
headings: 1) scholars and scholarship, 2)
organization, 3) representation, and 4)
communications.
Scholars and Scholarship
• Develop a plan for attracting
scholars to border studies
• Recruit established border scholars
who are not yet ABS members to
join the Association
• Establish a process to ensure
diversity (disciplinary,
geographical, gender, ethnicity) in
border studies scholarship
• Enhance incentives to engage,
support and retain young scholars
in border studies
• Develop an ABS role in
international cooperation in
graduate student training
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•
•
Consider a forum for discussing
standards for border studies
scholarship and training
Initiate a publication series in either
the JBS, or in some other venue to
discuss and recognize the
“Foundations of Border Studies”
•
organization: should regional seats
be allocated on the ABS Board?
Young scholars should be allocated
a voice and position on the ABS
Board
Organization
• Should the ABS separate from the
Communications
WSSA? Committee members had
• The ABS language policy needs to
opinions in support of this
be reviewed and aligned with
suggestion and also in opposition
changing membership
to the suggestion.
communication needs: we need to
• The ABS is now growing rapidly
communicate Spanish language
and many suggestions for change
‘parcels’ to broader audiences; we
and development are being offered.
need to find a way of
How do we prioritize these
accommodating yet
suggestions?
‘mainstreaming’ our Spanish
• ABS sections could be organized by
language membership; we need
theme to formalize groupings that
abstracts in Spanish as well as
are emerging as interest clusters in
perhaps a few other languages in
the Association.
our journal and other publications
• The ABS needs to establish a core
• We need to encourage our members
set of values as other academic
to write editorials, op ed pieces and
organizations have done.
other communications in order to
• The ABS could establish a cycle of
broaden our readership base and
annual meetings with four
provide a forum for border issues
consecutive meetings in North
and concerns
America and the fifth meeting
• The ABS should consider
abroad.
declarations to counter state
rhetorics
• Should the ABS consider advocacy
Please consider these suggestions and then please
set in core values of human rights
share your ideas and opinions about these or
and social justice?
Representation
• The ABS needs a travel grant
process to encourage
internationalization particularly if
the membership extends to Africa,
Asia and South America
• We need to consider ABS chapters
or ‘franchises’ outside of North
America and Europe
• Representation on the ABS Board
and Executive needs to be balanced
with the internationalization of the
ABS Executive Secretariat
other suggestions with the Chair or any member
of the ABS Visioning Committee. The Committee
welcomes your participation in charting the
future of our organization. We will assemble all of
the responses for our discussion at the 2015 ABS
Annual Meeting in Portland. Thanks!
Victor Konrad (Chair). Committee members:
Heather Nicol, Jussi Laine, Mirza Libra, Manuel
Chavez, Ilkka Liikanen, Bruno Dupeyron,
Christine Brenner, Anne-Laure Amilhat Szary,
Kimberly Collins, Belinda Roman, Guadalupe
Correa Cabrera, Francisco Lara Valencia
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The Memory of the Sea: Objects Migrating within the Mediterranean N
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!
— Anna Chiara Cimoli
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While in Europe many migration museums are being born every year, there are no migration museums in Maghreb, nor along the Asiatic coast of the Mediterranean. Those who leave from these countries have very liGle with them. Those poor things are gathered and carried by the sea current. That’s how the Sea Memory Museum’s collection (Zarzis, Tunisia) was born: outside of the canonic museums’ circle, but deeply rooted inside the logic of conservation, research, communication and exhibition that lies at the basis of every museum. journalist Gabriele Del Grande reminds in his Landscapes and Social Arenas: Potentials and book Mamadou va a morire. Challenges of Evolving Border Concepts in a post-­‐‑Cold War World. The exhibition is Over the years, Mohsen’s painstaking efforts organized during the European Border Studies have grasped the historic and epic dimension of Conference ‘Mapping Conceptual Change in migration, starting from objects which just Thinking European Borders’ (July 3-­‐‑5, 2013, don’t want to leave Africa. His museum tells Sede Universitaria di S. Agostino e Pignolo), this story to the African people, in Africa, promoted by Centro di Ricerca sulla which makes it an important collection not Complessità (Ce.R.Co.) and Università degli just for its material and artistic value. In a Studi di Bergamo in cooperation with the divided, conflicting Mediterranean, who will University of Eastern Finland. tell the story of the migrants? And how? Info on the conference: hNp://www.unibg.it/
The museum is described in the photographs dati/bacheca/2/63600.pdf taken by Alessandro Brasile (2007) and GAMeC – Galleria d’Arte Moderna e MaGia Insolera (2010). On the occasion of Contemporanea di Bergamo the exhibition, the short film Il postino del Mediterraneo (The Mediterranean’s Postman), Via San Tomaso, 53 -­‐‑ Bergamo by Giulia Ardizzone and Kami Fares, will Tel. + 39 035 270272 The museum is located in the private garden of be shown as well. Mohsen Lihidheb, who calls himself an “eco-­‐‑
artist”, and who has been walking the seashore The initiative, curated by Anna Chiara Cimoli for many years, collecting and rescuing all and promoted within the MeLa* Project–
that he finds there: fish skeletons, pieces of European Museums in an age of Migrations clothing, boNles, shoes. And, after a long (Field 05), in this step is also supported by the waiting, even the corpse of a migrant. Mohsen EU funded Research Project called him “Mamadou”, buried him, and EUBORDERSCAPES. Bordering, Political hasn'ʹt been able to stop thinking about him, as !
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Seguridad Fronteriza y Reforma Migratoria en los Estados Unidos: Retórica, Política y Realidad — Guadalupe Correa-Cabrera
En los últimos años, el tema de la reforma
migratoria integral se ha ubicado en el
centro del debate público en los Estados
Unidos. De acuerdo con diversas
estimaciones, el número de inmigrantes
sin autorización en este país oscila
alrededor de los 11 millones. En los
últimos años, se ha discutido con especial
ahínco la necesidad de aprobar una
reforma de gran alcance a objeto de
mejorar un sistema migratorio que es
claramente disfuncional. Dicha discusión
se ha centrado, por razones políticas, en el
tema de la seguridad fronteriza y
actualmente ocupa un lugar central en la
contienda político-electoral de la Unión
Americana con miras a la elección
presidencial del 2016.
El debate sobre la necesidad de realizar una
reforma migratoria integral en los Estados
Unidos no es nuevo, ni ha sido planteado de
forma exclusiva por el partido demócrata o por
la administración del presidente Barak Obama.
En realidad, el reconocimiento de la
problemática en general y el diseño de
propuestas alternativas han involucrado a
miembros de los dos principales partidos
políticos en el país. Un ejemplo, fue la
propuesta de ley sobre “Inmigración Ordenada
y una América Segura” introducida en mayo
de 2005 por los senadores John McCain (RAZ) y Ted Kennedy (D-MA). La propuesta
consideraba, desde entonces, la posibilidad de
amnistía o legalización de una parte de la
población inmigrante sin autorización. No
obstante el reconocimiento de la necesidad de
una reforma integral para subsanar las
grandes limitaciones del actual sistema
migratorio estadounidense, el debate con
respecto a este tema se ha politizado y
polarizado considerablemente. Asimismo, se ha
manejado una retórica apoyada por
información imprecisa que ha limitado el
consenso y el diseño de una solución efectiva a
esta problemática.
En fechas recientes, y principalmente a partir
de los atentados terroristas del 11 de
septiembre de 2001, el debate sobre la reforma
migratoria se ha vinculado directamente al
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tema de la seguridad fronteriza con el
argumento de que la migración “ilegal”
contribuye al crimen y a la violencia y
constituye un riesgo importante a la seguridad
nacional. Se ha llegado a hablar del posible
vínculo entre la migración indocumentada, la
delincuencia organizada y grupos terroristas
como Al-Qaeda, o inclusive el Estado Islámico.
Así, en los últimos años, las principales
propuestas de reforma migratoria han colocado
a la seguridad fronteriza como su prioridad.
Considérense, por ejemplo, iniciativas como la
ley de “Seguridad a través de la
Regularización de la Inmigración y una
Economía Dinámica” de 2007 o la “Reforma
Migratoria Integral para la Seguridad en
América y la Prosperidad” de 2009, y más
recientemente (en junio 27 de 2013) la
aprobación en el Senado estadounidense—más
no en la Cámara de Representantes—de la
legislación sobre “Seguridad Fronteriza,
ABS Executive Secretariat
Oportunidad Económica y Modernización de
la Inmigración”.
En años recientes—y coincidiendo con la
elección del primer presidente de color en la
historia de los Estados Unidos—la opinión
pública se ha polarizado significativamente y
pareciera ser que las posturas racistas y antiinmigrantes se han manifestado de manera
más abierta. En este contexto, el tema de la
seguridad fronteriza ha ido desplazando al de
la reforma migratoria integral y la propuesta
del presidente Obama sobre el tema no ha
podido progresar. El ala conservadora en el
Congreso, representada en su mayoría por el
Partido Republicano, ha sido bastante efectiva
para detener cualquier avance en la materia.
La propuesta de amnistía es el punto que ha
enfrentado mayor oposición—principalmente
por parte de aquellos vinculados al Partido del
Té (Tea Party). Asimismo, en un posible
intento por conciliar las posturas antagónicas,
el presidente y aquellos afines a la reforma han
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accedido al reforzamiento de la seguridad
fronteriza y han apoyado las deportaciones
masivas. Cabe destacar que en la
administración de Obama se han llevado a
cabo el mayor número de deportaciones en la
historia del país.
Los intentos por conciliar las diferentes
posturas y alcanzar un consenso no han
brindado los frutos esperados. Los grupos
antagonistas a la reforma migratoria y a la
inmigración indocumentada han resultado ser
mucho más efectivos. Además, los gastos
gubernamentales destinados a proteger la
frontera se han incrementado
exponencialmente- En los últimos 8 años, el
gasto en seguridad fronteriza ha excedido los
100 billones de dólares, y desde 2004 el
número de efectivos de la Patrulla Fronteriza
se ha más que duplicado. El Congreso ha
expandido en forma masiva su gasto en
infraestructura y tecnología para proteger la
frontera, lo que incluye la construcción de un
muro que divide a las dos naciones vecinas.
Asimismo, se detuvo recientemente el avance
de las acciones ejecutivas de acción diferida
que decidió tomar el presidente Obama ante la
inacción del Congreso en materia migratoria.
Dichas acciones serían temporales, pero
hubieran podido mantener en la legalidad, por
un tiempo limitado, a un grupo de
aproximadamente 4 millones de migrantes que
se encuentran en el país sin autorización. El
juez federal del Distrito Sur de Texas, Andrew
Hanen, ordenó frenar estas medidas en tanto
se analiza su constitucionalidad, como
respuesta a una demanda presentada por una
coalición de 26 estados.
Dichos triunfos se han sustentado en una
retórica bastante agresiva que destaca los
costos de la migración sin autorización y la
supuesta situación de inseguridad en la
frontera con México. Diversos actores políticos
—sobre todo en Texas—como el Senador y
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aspirante a la candidatura presidencial
republicana, Ted Cruz, además del gobernador
y el vicegobernador del estado, Greg Abbott y
Dan Patrick, respectivamente, han
manifestado con fuerza sus posturas en contra
de la reforma migratoria integral y a favor de
un aún mayor incremento en el gasto para
procurar la seguridad fronteriza. Cabe destacar
que muchos de los argumentos utilizados por
dichos actores o por agencias como el
Departamento de Seguridad Pública de Texas,
parecen no estar sustentados por la realidad de
la región, lo cual se refleja en las cifras oficiales
de criminalidad. Las estadísticas reales
demuestran que la frontera México-Estados
Unidos—del lado estadounidense—es bastante
segura. Por otro lado, no existen estadísticas
que muestren los resultados asociados al
enorme gasto en seguridad fronteriza de los
últimos años. En realidad, sería una tragedia
que después de la enorme cantidad de recursos
erogados, la frontera continuara siendo tan
peligrosa como lo aseguran algunos políticos o
miembros de agencias de seguridad locales.
Atendiendo a los datos duros y a las vivencias
de los habitantes en la frontera (del lado
estadounidense), pareciera ser que nos
encontramos ante una estrategia de corte
político con el objeto de generar,
artificialmente, economías en los estados
fronterizos mediante incrementos en la
demanda agregada. Es importante destacar que
el crecimiento derivado de un mayor gasto
gubernamental en seguridad, podría ser
únicamente de corto plazo, pues no estamos
hablando de inversión productiva. Al mismo
tiempo, es preciso recordar la ley de los
rendimientos decrecientes que explicaría las
pocas ventajas potenciales de incrementar aún
más el gasto en seguridad fronteriza—como lo
proponen autoridades tejanas.
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como el especial énfasis que se puso en estos
temas en las elecciones intermedias del año
pasado, se espera que en la contienda
presidencial de 2016 la frontera vuelva a
ocupar un lugar central. Sin embargo, en un
proceso tan importante y complejo como este,
es preciso que el electorado cuente con
información que represente la realidad de la
frontera. La migración indocumentada parece
representar más beneficios que costos a la
Unión Americana y el argumento de la
frontera insegura pareciera ser falaz. Los
estadounidenses preferirían quizás que sus
impuestos se gasten más eficientemente, en
sectores como el educativo y en la generación
de infraestructura productiva. De otro modo,
quienes se benefician en realidad son los
contratistas privados de la seguridad que
llegan a desplazar inversión productiva y
podrían limitar el crecimiento sustentable a
largo plazo.
*
*
*
*
Guadalupe Correa-Cabrera
(Ph.D. in Political Science, The New School
for Social Research) is Associate Professor
and Chair of the Government Department of
the University of Texas at Brownsville. Her
areas of expertise are Mexico-U.S. relations,
energy, border security, immigration, and
organized crime.
Photos by Sergio Chapa
Considerando los últimos debates sobre
reforma migratoria y seguridad fronteriza, así
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Bordered Lives: Women from Bangladesh behind bars in India — Sucharita Sengupta, Calcutta Research Group, India
A world without boundaries is impossible to
imagine, especially when marking and
securitizing boundaries constitute the heart
of international relations and politics.
People living on the margins or migrants
cannot be ignored as they are important to
understand the core of nation formation in
South Asia1. So, ‘governing the mobile’,
messy flow of population, determining the
legality of it and separating the alien from
the citizen have become the centre of our
political understanding2. To stress on the bit
of exception following Agamben would
therefore mean ignoring concrete colonial
and post-colonial conditions in countries
like India where conditions of exception are
integral to the socio-political history of this
region. In studying the continuous flow of
cross border migration between India and
Bangladesh, specifically across the West
Bengal-Bangladesh or Bengal Borderland, it
becomes very difficult to draw boundary
between coercion and volition. There is
always some kind of a force either in form of
ethnic violence, domestic tensions or sheer
economic compulsions that propel
continuous movement of people through this
border.
Prison as a space in this piece is used as a prism
through which I try to understand the porous,
precarious, mobile and dynamic nature of the
Bengal borderland and the flows - both human
and goods across it. The paper also dwells on the
inadequacy of the law to address the
heterogeneity of the influx. There are two ways of
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coping with the borders – one living on it and the
other living along or with it3. The second part is
relevant for the present exercise as the snippets of
narratives discussed in my paper are of women
who do not live on the borders but for whom
borders are central to their existence. For many of
them the Border is not a demarcating line, rather
it spells hope and promises freedom on the other
side of the fence. Out 58 Correctional Homes in
West Bengal four have been studied for the
present exercise as these have the maximum
number of inmates who are from Bangladesh.
The Illegal Migrant
Apart from economic reasons, there are mainly
four types of flows or reasons for which trans
border migration from Bangladesh to West
Bengal occur– a) To visit relatives b) For medical
purposes c) For political disturbances; and
particularly for women- d) Trafficked in name of
work or marriage. There is a lack of uniformity or
adhocism as to the charges leveled against
‘illegal’ migrants from Bangladesh. They are
mostly booked under the Foreigner’s Act and
Passports Act- 14 (a) or (b) respectively. The
stipulated period of imprisonment under these
acts are normally two years. However there are
exceptions too. Yasmin, an inmate of the Dum
Dum Central Correctional Home was brought to
India by her friend who works as a sex worker in
a brothel in Hyderabad. Till landing in India by
using the Bongaon-Basirhat border in South 24
Parganas, Yasmin was unaware of her
destination. Once she started seeing through the
ABS Executive Secretariat
truth, she confided to the officials at the Border
Security Post of the Benapole border, but instead
of a shelter, she was processed under the
Foreigners Act and sent to jail custody. On the
other hand, Lisa Begum ageing 21 along with her
two sisters at Dumdum Central Correctional
Home were also trafficked. They were booked
under the IPC 363, 365 and 366 B along with
14(a) and 14(b) of the Foreigners Act. The IPC
363,365 and 366b convicts whoever is charged
with kidnapping, abducting and trafficking girls
below 18 yrs. So a clear difference of policy is
evident. Flow of goods and smuggling is also
rampant in the border, in particular Cattle
smuggling as cows are illegally being stolen to
Bangladesh. The cross-border flow of capital and
illicit trade is facilitated by a strong network of
agencies or middle men operating at the border.
The smuggling of Phensedyl, is also a popular
item of smuggling. The usual suspects are the
persons living nearest to the zero point of the
border. Often without concrete evidences the
Border Security Forces (BSF) interrogate or
harass the people there. Testimonies of violence
are many, countless in fact.
It is difficult to get the exact figures of illegal
immigration from Bangladesh to India. While the
figure of prison inmates in 2013 was roughly
23,000 inmates including the Bangladeshi
Nationals, in 2014 from June to Dec, only
Bangladeshi inmates sum up to a total of 25,501
persons. As a result there is acute space crisis in
the prisons, further aggravated by the fact that
the released prisoners of Bangladesh are not being
repatriated in time and hence even after release
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many are staying back for an indefinite period.
The annual figures of deportation of Bangladeshi
nationals received from the Jail Directorate of
West Bengal in 2013 was 3127 and 2014-2024.
These are even less than the monthly figure of
influx that I have detailed in a longer version of
my paper. So where are the others disappearing?
Either they are not being repatriated or they are
being pushed back unofficially, the records of
which are not available at the Correctional Home
Directorate. The common practice is that, by the
time the term of conviction for a Bangladeshi
national is announced by the court; the person
concerned has already spent that period in prison
or is nearing the completion of the term.
Therefore, for most Bangladeshi nationals, the
status of ‘under trial’ changes to ‘released
prisoner’ directly instead of ‘convict’. Once a
person becomes a released prisoner, i.e., his/her
period of confinement comes to an end, the
process of repatriation starts which is again a
long, tedious and lengthy process.
According to the West Bengal Correctional
Service ACT 1992, “Rehabilitation assistance”
means financial or any other assistance given to
a released prisoner for the purpose of his
rehabilitation into the society as an ordinary
citizen”4 – For Women inmates of Bangladesh
this rarely takes place. Rather the fate of a
released prisoner of Bangladesh is full of
uncertainty. There is confusion even among jail
authorities regarding the exact process of
repatriation of the inmates. The myth is, ‘Push
back’- a colloquial term used to define the process
of literally pushing back people of Bangladesh
back to their home from the Indian Territory does
not exist anymore. Reality is however otherwise,
and extremely harsh. In course of my various
rounds of discussion with the prison authorities
in all the four homes that we visited, everyone
admitted that Repatriation, i.e., the official
procedure to send back a person back to
Bangladesh takes place rarely and instead what
takes place is deportation or pushback.
The vulnerability of the Bengal-Bangladesh
Border gets even clearer with a visit to the
Balurghat Correctional Home in South Dinajpur
of West Bengal, a place very low in development,
poor transportation and remote in terms of
accessibility. South Dinajpur is basically a part
of the West Dinajpur district which has been
created out of the erstwhile Dinajpur District
during the partition of India in 1947. The rest of
the Dinajpur District is now in Bangladesh.
With the partition suddenly the region was
divided into two countries but the socio-cultural
similarities across the border could hardly be over
emphasized. The region is surrounded from three
sides by Bangladesh, one side by Malda and one
by North Dinajpur. As a result, the nearest
border point of South Dinajpur – Hili- is an
important point of trade between the two
countries and the crux of the story is that the
Rohingya Muslims enter through this border
apart from regular Bangladeshis. The Rohingyas
ABS Executive Secretariat
are basically inhabitants of the Arakan province
of Myanmar and were compelled to flee their
home following a series of civil wars5 and are
now a stateless community within Myanmar as
per a citizenship law in 1982. Although the
UNHCR has been issuing Refugee Cards to the
Rohingyas in order to give them the Refugee
Status, they are being arrested and put behind
bars in both India and Bangladesh for illegal
infiltration. At the time of this research in Dec
2014, Balurghat Correctional Home had 8
Rohingya Women officially. The eight women
had come together in a group of 20 from Fanshi,
Quarbil, Bali Bazar, Bugrishaw and Bohbazar
areas of Rakhine District, Myanmar. All of them
said they were compelled to flee for mass violence
that was unleashed on them from a long time.
Repatriating them is difficult as it is not clear
where they should be sent back. Therefore even
after a Rohingya becomes a Jaan khalash, he/she
suffers in prisons till a decision is reached
The multifarious problems of the Bengal
borderland therefore make it difficult to arrive at
any decision especially distinguishing between
immigrants and trafficked victims or to facilitate
a speedy deportation. The precariousness of the
Bengal borderland coupled with vested interests
has actually normalized the flow of persons and
smuggling of goods. Half of the times women
who are caught for trespassing through the
border are denied justice simply because they do
not tell the truth. What is interesting for these
women however are the constant negotiations
that most of them do in order to cross the borders
either while entering or while being repatriating.
They are no longer victims but through different
names and forged identities they have found out
ways to normalize the abnormal in their lives.
References
Ranabir Samaddar, ‘the spectre facing the nation’
in The Marginal Nation: Transborder Migration From
Bangladesh to West Bengal, New Delhi: Sage, 1999,
p.44.
1
Ranabir Samaddar, “Returning to the Histories” in
Economic and Political Weekly, 10 January 2015, p.49.
2
This has been borrowed from Professor Van der Velde,
President, ABS and Associate Professor, Nijmegen
Centre of Border Studies, Netherlands, at a conference
organized by the Institute of Chinese Studies, Delhi
and Association of Borderland Studies (ABS) at
Guwahati on 2nd March 2015.
3
‘The Calcutta Gazette – Extraordinary, Published by
Authority, Part III – Acts of West Bengal Legislature,
Government of West Bengal, Law Department,
Legislative Notification’ available in http://
wbcorrectionalservices.gov.in/pdf/service_act_1992.pdf
accessed on 20 December 2014.
4
Subir Bhaumik, “The East Bengali Muslims in
Assam and Rohingyas of Myanmar: Comparative
Perspectives of Migration, Exclusion, Statelessness” in
Refugee Watch: A South Asian Journel on Forced
Migration, 41, June 2013.
5
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S u c h a r i t a S e n g u p t a works as a
research assistant at the Calcutta Research
Group, India, Her work is on Bengal
Bangladesh Border with special focus on
Bangladeshi Women languishing in the
prisons of India, mostly in the state of West
Bengal. Email: <[email protected]>
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Humanizing the Zone (Neil Hall, Reuters)
Greening the ‘Green Line’ in Cyprus - Victor Konrad
There is something satisfying in seeing a border zone decay. Trees and bushes grow in unoccupied spaces. Wildlife thrives. A disturbing history is captured in space and time, yet it seems less threatening as it weathers gracefully. The relics and reminders of a confrontation that caught international aGention and response for decades now capture mainly the aGention of tourists and photographers. Their videos and photos are shared widely on the internet. Images of confrontation become art. Young Cypriots, too young to have experienced the trouble and conflict of the painful bordering, approach and cross the buffer zone liGered with poignant reminders of war and loss, without a second glance, mindful only of their cellphone conversations. One of the most disputed borders in Europe appears to be naturalizing and normalizing. Once patrolled intensively by United Nations forces and closely monitored by both Greek and Turkish militaries, the buffer zone between North and South, the Republic of Cyprus and the Turkish Republic of North Cyprus, is showing its age. Some of the barriers and barbed wire fences have come down, watchtowers are manned by cardboard " 18
silhoueNes of soldiers, and anti-­‐‑tank ditches have filled-­‐‑in. The UN is still there but with a diminished presence and visibility. The buffer zone, or ‘Green Line’, established by the UN in 1974 has ironically become one of the most naturalized parts of the island. Winding just over 180 kilometres across Cyprus from Kato Pyrgos in the west to Famagusta in the east, the buffer zone is between 3.3 metres and 7.4 kilometres wide. It has an area of 346 square kilometres, or 3 percent of the area of the island. More than 10,000 people live in the zone, mainly in villages and agricultural areas that straddle the borderlands. Abandoned house in the buffer zone near Kato
Pyrgos, Cyprus (photo by Aili Kurtis)
After 30 years, the ban on crossing was eased in 2003, and crossing areas were opened to ABS Executive Secretariat
some Cypriots and foreigners. Now both Greek and Turkish Cypriots cross with relative ease if they hold the proper documentation. Foreigners need a passport and obtain a visa at the border crossings. Then, they can travel freely once they enter the other side. Cars rented in the south may be taken into the north although there is a fee for extra “insurance”. Cars rented in the north may not be taken into the south, although foreigners who live in the north may drive into the south. Border crossing on Cyprus is easing up. The Roughguide provides ‘crossing tips’ and details for the seven points now open. Beginning in the west, there is the most recently opened crossing of Limnitis/
Yesilirmak which is likely the most picturesque with approaches that wind through the hills above Kato Pyrgos. While we stood in line to have our visas issued, and pay our car insurance fee, businessmen from the south, local area Cypriots and British ex-­‐‑patriots crossed with ease. In the mountains to the east, and open to cars only, is the crossing of Astromeritis/Zodhia. Agios Dometios/
Metehan provides the quickest route from the south coast to the north coast congested central Nicosia (Lezosia). We chose this crossing for our return to the south after -­‐ Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland
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…spending four days with our friends in a mountainside village near Girne (Kyrenia) on the north coast. One of our friends was the former Canadian commander of UN troops in Cyprus. In the old city of Nicosia are found the two pedestrian crossings of Ledra Palace/
Lezosia and Ledra Street/Lezosia. Then, moving east beyond the capital city is Pyla/
Beyarmudu which is on the most direct route north from the international airport at Larnaka. Finally, there is Strovilia linking the Poster for demilitarization of the Buffer Zone in Nicosia
south to the easternmost part of the island. This is the best access point for Famagusta. evident. Here the Occupy Buffer Zone Meanwhile, economic and political currents movement of 2011-­‐‑2012 held most of its offshore are having a profound impact on demonstrations. Here we find the most overt Cypriots. As Greek Cypriots try to deal with sentiment for demilitarization of the buffer an economic disaster linked to the Greek zone. Yet, here we find also the greatest ‘homeland’, and swallow the implications of concentration of the older generation of Greek the 10 Billion Euro bailout package for Greek and Turkish Cypriots who don’t cross the line. Cyprus, the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, once the much poorer part of the island, is experiencing a revival of tourism, foreign home buyers, and the promise of oil and water pipeline links to Turkey. The tensions from the economic crisis in Greece One of seven border crossings now open along
may have sensitized northerners and the ‘Green Line’: crossing into Yesilirmak, Turkish
Republic of North Cyprus (photo by Aili Kurtis)
southerners about their differences but these tensions also have engaged Cypriots in Although the buffer zone still “cuts across the dialogue about common problems. One of these island like a scar” (Neil Hall, April 10, 2014, is how to deal with asylum seekers using the Lost in Time—The Cyprus Buffer Zone, increasingly porous Buffer Zone to enter the The decaying Buffer Zone in Nicosia (Neil Hall,
Reuters), and Cyprus remains physically and Reuters)
European Union. Although re-­‐‑unification symbolically divided, this bordering is now remains a dream for some and a nightmare for most visible and emphatic in Nicosia. Here, Elsewhere along the border, cooperation and others in Cyprus, it is clear that the space the border appears “frozen in time” with long co-­‐‑existence are increasingly evident. In the between Cypriots is changing. The ‘greening’ established barriers in place, abandoned village of Pyla astride the ‘Green Line’ church of the ‘Green Line’ has contributed to this buildings vacant for almost 50 years, signs to and mosque stand next to each other. There is change. establish Greek and Turkish identity, and the a Greek Cypriot mayor and a Turkish Cypriot * * * * pale blue and white markings of the UN deputy mayor. The community appears to presence. The former International Airport work. A British university is building a Victor Konrad, Carleton University, just west of the capital is abandoned and in Cyprus campus in the area for both Turkish OGawa, Canada
ruins within the buffer zone. In and around Cypriot and Greek Cypriot students. Nicosia, the signs of contestation are most Slovak UN soldier on duty in the Buffer Zone (Neil Hall, Reuters)
ABS Executive Secretariat
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Chinese Interests in Inter-Modal
Tranport in Northwest Baja California
— David Stea
OP-ED
This article explores aspects
of the incorporation of
Northwest Mexico into
international networks
through "intermodal
transport”, which services
the process of economic
globalization. Considered
here are projects to connect
the western United States
with the ports of Asia
through present and proposed
ports of Baja California.
After the Second World War,
oil, nationalized in 1938 in
Mexico, became
indispensable for industrial
production, resulting the
construction of more
enormous tankers: this is
now complemented by
increased numbers and sizes
of container ships. With
burgeoning global trade,
some countries, notably the
USA and China, plan to
expand intermodal routes.
Ensenada. Mega-port
possibilities are seen for the
extended border region of
Northwest Baja California – up
to 150 miles from the border
itself -- including rail links to
Arizona and California.
Officials in Baja California,
together with two major
" 20
transportation firms, are
exploring development of a
commercial port south of
Ensenada that could handle
mega-tankers, thus gaining a
bigger share of the Pacific Rim's
expanding trade. Officials in
Baja California also conceive of a
major container facility
eventually absorbing traffic from
the ports of Los Angeles and
Long Beach, where ships now
wait five days or more to unload.
Héctor Osuna Jaime, once a
federal senator from Baja
California. San Diego, across
Mexico privatized the Ensenada the border, knows of plans for a
port in 1997, selling a 35-year
new Baja port, but its harbor
operating concession to
cannot accommodate the megaInternational Container
ships with 50-foot drafts the
Terminal Service of the
Ensenada port would hope to
Philippines, which later sold it to attract, nor handle the growth of
Hutchison. Dredging is
cargo in North America that is
underway to expand the capacity expected in the next decade or
of the Ensenada port: the
two, when the traffic overload is
proposed port could accept the
projected to double at the Long
largest commercial vessels,
Beach and Los Angeles ports.
As envisioned, the port would be including mega-tankers and
connected to the United States
container vessels. Another port, This is also a project of the
by a rail line through Mexicali to south of Ensenada, would serve
Chinese company Hutchinson
Yuma, Ariz., which would allow not only as a commercial bridge Whampoa Ltd-owned by Chinese
cargo to be shipped to the
to the United States but as a
billionaire Li Ka-Shing, a firm
interior of Mexico and the
way to facilitate shipments to
that has controlling interest in
United States. The Ensenada
Baja California's maquiladora
35 ports world-wide, including
International Terminal, a
industry and other businesses,
the four most important ports of
subsidiary of Hutchison Port
including development of a
Mexico. In Ensenada, less than
Holdings (Hong Kong-based
"high technology corridor"
150 km from San Diego,
Hutchnson Wampoa Ltd),
linking California's Silicon
California, the same Chinese
operates commercial and cruise
Valley with Tecate and
company is expanding port
ship port facilities: it and the
Ensenada. Container traffic is
facilities to achieve the capacity
Union Pacific Railroad are
increasingly important and
to handle large intermodal
jointly investigating the
while some estimates have put
container vessels. Additionally,
feasibility of such a project. State the price of a port and rail line at an agreement between the
officials in Baja California say
$1.2 billion, the port is
Chinese company and the
they have been helping
envisioned to have a capacity of
government of the State of Baja
Hutchison conduct its study.
up to 1.5 million containers per California Norte will involve the
Hutchison, with 206 berths in
year.
construction of a railway over
35 ports, is the world's leading
200 km long connecting
In
Baja
California,
the
project,
port developer and operator, and
Ensenada with the border city of
once approved, would take a
Mexicali.
decade to complete, said Sen.
ABS Executive Secretariat
Union Pacific is North
America's largest rail operator.
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Colonet. A project for the
village of Colonet is now an
open secret, but one unknown to
most Mexicans and
Norteamericanos. The current
population consists of an ejido of
less than three thousand
inhabitants. The plan is to
convert Colonet Bay, near Punta
Colonet, a cove with very few
inhabitants, into a port capable
of receiving some of the largest
ships in the world port. The
mega-port, costing billions of
dollars, will cover a land area
equivalent to the ports of Los
Angeles and Long Beach
together. When (and if) the work
is completed, the intermodal port
of Punta Colonet will be is the
largest port in Mexico and third
largest in the world after
Singapore and Hong Kong. The
operation of the port will require
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a city of almost 200,000 people,
connected with the US through a
railway line over 300 km long.
And again, construction
proposals are likely to involve
Chinese companies: Hutchison
Whampoa and a company called
"Marine Terminals", which is
based in California and is owned
by Evergreen, Yang Ming,
Hanjin and China Shipping.
Other stakeholders include the
company "DP World" in
Dubai…and Carlos Slim.
Conclusions. The most
important Baja California trade
consists of cargo between US
and Asia, mainly the People's
Republic of China.
Approximately 30 million
containers crossed the Pacific
Ocean in 2012, an increase of
about 10% per year for over a
decade. The main objectives in
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Mexico are not the improvement
of the national economy: they are
first, to provide alternatives to
congested ports of southern
California, primarily Los
Angeles and Long Beach;
second, to lower costs of
materials handling at ports; and
third, to reduce the power of
unions of port workers, who are
among the most powerful in the
USA. Container traffic between
China and Los Angeles / Long
Beach is increasing at a rate of
15% per year, worsening the
congestion problem, which
makes the ports of Mexico the
best solution. Initially, there are
likely to be more job
opportunities during the
construction phase of expanding
existing facilities and
implementing new ones. In the
second phase, when construction
)
is complete, a much smaller
number of workers will be
needed for the maintenance of
ports and other activities
associated with intermodal
freight transfer between modes of
transport. Other workers needed
only for initial construction
work will have to look elsewhere:
perhaps national migrant port
workers will again have to
become international.
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D a v i d S t e a, PastPresident of ABS, is Professor
Emeritus of Geography and
International Studies at Texas
State University – San Marcos,
and a Research Associate of the
Center for Global Justice in
Mexico. E-mail:
[email protected]
Panel Announcement: Borders on the Move: From the Soviet Union into Eurasia? 22nd International Conference of Europeanists Paris, France, July 8-­‐‑10, 2015 The events in Ukraine and Russia since November 2013, and the subsequent incorporation of Crimea to the Russian state in March 2014, with the support of the majority of inhabitants of the Peninsula, demonstrate that the desire to belong to the Western part of the European continent is not necessarily always the case. In some instances, people do prefer to belong to the Eastern part of Europe. This development in Crimea was proof that the reason for the desire to be a part of either Western or Eastern Europe always lies in the knowledge and experience one has already gained. Most of the inhabitants of Crimea hadn’t had the opportunity to experience the European Union personally; they only knew Eastern Europe, primarily Russia. This experience resulted in a sense of confidence in Russia, and distrust regarding the European Union. In the panel the shifting of borders from East into West and vice versa will be analysed using the examples of Russia and Ukraine. The goal is to show that borders are never a stable phenomenon, but they can change very quickly, and so the national belonging of a region can shift, too. Chair: Ganna Gerasymenko, Institute for Demography and Social Studies, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Speakers: James Wesley ScoU (Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland): Territorial and Ideational Notions of European Neighbourhood: Observations from the Eastern ‘Front’ Jussi Laine (Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland): Shifting borders: Unpredictability and Strategic Distrust at the Finnish-­‐‑Russian Border Katarzyna Stokłosa (Department of Border Region Studies, University of Southern Denmark): Ukraine and Russia in Crisis – A Polish View Gerhard Besier (Sigmund Neumann Institute Dresden): Expanding Religious Borders? The New Influence of the Orthodox Church in Russia ABS Executive Secretariat
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The Case for R2P
— Alex Chung
As a response to Kofi Annan’s 1999 challenge to the global community to reconcile the “twin principles of sovereignty…and fundamental human rights,” the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) doctrine is based upon the rethinking of the sovereignty principle as a responsibility of the state to protect its citizens from human rights violations. Domestic authority is no longer absolute, but rather limited by both human rights principles and the responsibility of a state to protect its citizens. The adoption of the R2P doctrine at the 2005 UN World Summit demonstrated an overwhelming consensus amongst nation-­‐‑
states to prevent and/or put a stop to mass human rights abuses such as genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity – with the use of military force when deemed necessary by a legitimate authority such as the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). intervene or not; rather, it must do so when massive human rights violations occur. The Rwandan genocide demonstrates the need for the codification of not the right to intervene, but rather a responsibility to intervene when faced with the evidence of mass human rights abuses. In the case of Rwanda, the great power interests of the United States and France undermined the mechanisms within the UN for mobilizing a coherent military force to prevent genocide and protect civilians. The UN was behest to great power interests and refused recognition of genocide in Rwanda, thereby relieving the international community of the responsibility to intervene under the Genocide Convention – the central purpose of the UNSC, to prevent future genocides, had been ignored. mechanism to ensure consistent efficacy. This may involve the forfeiture of P5 veto power when the direct national interests of the UNSC P-­‐‑5 are unaffected, as veto power remains the principal obstacle to effective and prompt responses by the international community. To ensure that military intervention under R2P is justified, a strict demarcation of state interests and the decision making process needs to become embedded within UN mechanisms. In the contemporary context, the legitimacy of R2P and human rights norms must be separated from the misappropriation of the intervention principle in the past to ensure that the international community is well equipped to respond to human atrocities on a mass scale. The international community must come to the realisation that they have a responsibility to intervene if states are unwilling or unable to protect their citizens from human rights abuses. To not respond when presented with unequivocal evidence of mass human rights abuses flies in the face of the R2P doctrine itself. This begs the question of not whether the international community should intervene when governments are deemed irresponsible, but rather how those processes determining state irresponsibility are established. While The R2P principle places an inherent duty to humanitarian intervention has been tainted by protect citizens irrespective of geopolitics or neoimperialist ambitions, the cost of non-­‐‑
“Evil prospers when good men do nothing.” agreements between states. Under the intervention in situations of severe human ANributed to John Philpot Curran, 1750-­‐‑1817 doctrine, intervening states must protect rights abuses, war, or poverty is morally and citizens of a state suffering mass human rights intrinsically unjustifiable. *
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abuses, rendering inaction of the international Given the climate of mistrust that surrounds community in addition to the human rights A l e x C h u n g is a PhD Candidate at the
military intervention, the ambiguity of the abuses themselves, a violation of the R2P University of Sydney, Australia,
emerging R2P doctrine requires a more norm. Put simply, the international [email protected]
concrete and internationally agreeable community does not have a choice whether to " 22
ABS Executive Secretariat
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EUBORDERREGIONS Comes to an End
— James W. Scott
As With the fall of the “Iron Curtain” and the advent of Euro-­‐‑Mediterranean dialogue, citizens, communities and regions along the external confines of the EU have chosen to open new avenues of communication with their counterparts across state borders. These initiatives reflect aGempts to use borders as a resource for economic and cultural exchange as well as for building mutually supporting civil society networks. However, the majority of these regions must not only deal with high unemployment, limited economic diversification, de-­‐‑population and demographic decline but also with considerable constraints generated by borders themselves. Among others, human trafficking, drugs smuggling and migration flows have elicited security and management policies that have made EU borders harder and often more violent. EUBORDERREGIONS, a four-­‐‑year research project funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Innovation, ended in February 2015. Coordinated by the Karelian Institute of the University of Eastern Finland, several active ABS members formed part of the 14-­‐‑
member consortium. EUBORDERREGIONS investigated possible impacts of cross-­‐‑border interaction for the development of regions at the EU’s external borders and has thus contributed to scientific and policy debate on the future of economic, social and territorial cohesion within the EU as well. The project focused on regions at the EU’s external borders that extend from the Barents Sea Region in the far North to the Mediterranean in the South. Furthermore, EUBORDERREGIONS has highlighted the specific relevance of regional development at the EU’s external borders for the conceptualisation and successful implementation of European Cohesion Policy. As part of this exercise, considerable ABS Executive Secretariat
aNention has also been focused on the geopolitical contexts that influence (and that could potentially influence) both border regions themselves as well as processes of cross-­‐‑border interaction. Presently, structural policies earmarked for regions of the EU’s 28 member states can be interpreted as a strategy of European consolidation without commensurate support of regional development co-­‐‑
operation with neighbouring non-­‐‑EU regions. support mechanisms are needed in order to nurture entrepreneurial activity. This is all the more important in the case of regions along the EU’s external borders, where cross-­‐‑border co-­‐‑operation has been marginalised within the overall EU regional policy logic. EUBORDERREGIONS carried out fieldwork in 11 case study regions. Case study research has involved intensive interview sessions, stakeholder fora, media analyses, quantitative and qualitative “mapping” of actors, and their institutional networks. Research in the field was designed to provide a holistic picture of regional development situations at the *
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external border as well as to involve local organisations and actors in elaborating potential scenarios of future development in conjunction with cross-­‐‑border interaction. For more information on the project, please visit As part of the overal research EUBORDERREGIONS has elaborated www.euborderregions.eu policy considerations, primarily in terms of exploring CBC as a potential resource for place-­‐‑based development strategies. This idea of greater local involvement in the development of EU policies is in greater measure a response to a perceived lack of success in improving the economic prospects and social conditions of “lagging regions”. One of the suggestions that the project offers is new support structures for the present EU funding period (2014-­‐‑2020) that might promote collaborative forms of policy formulation and delivery based on partnerships between the EU and its neighbours involving the state, the private sector, foundations as well as civil society at large. This would seem particularly important in more peripheral regions with limited prospects for short-­‐‑term ‘returns’ on social investment and where multiple -­‐ Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland
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El Seminario Permanente de Estudios Chicanos y de Fronteras (SPECHF), Dirección de Etnología y Antropología Social,
Instituto Nacional de Antropología Historia (México, D. F., México); el Grupo de Estudios sobre Regionalismo, Integración
Económica y Desarrollo, Universidad de Los Andes (Mérida, Venezuela); el Departamento de Trabajo Social, Facultad de
Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Universidad de Antioquia (Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia); el Grupo de Investigaciones
Interdisciplinarias sobre Espacio Social (G2IES), Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (Santa Cruz, Argentina); el
Cuerpo Académico 83 Estudios Fronterizos, Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez
(Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México); la Universidad de Finlandia Oriental (Joensuu, Finlandia); la Asociación de Estudios
Fronterizos (Instituto de Carelia, Joensuu, Finlandia); y El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (Campeche, Campeche, México),
extienden una atenta invitación a participar en el
XV CONGRESO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE INTEGRACIÓN REGIONAL,
FRONTERAS Y GLOBALIZACIÓN EN EL CONTINENTE AMERICANO
a realizarse conjuntamente con el
IV CONGRESO INTERNACIONAL DE CIUDADES FRONTERIZAS
28, 29 y 30 de octubre de 2015
Sede: Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Administración (Edificios V y X)
Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez (UACJ) Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México
JUSTIFICACIÓN El Congreso Internacional sobre Integración Regional, Fronteras y Globalización en el Continente Americano, históricamente se ha venido constituyendo desde 1996 como un espacio que, desde la CilosoCía de la praxis, nos permita avanzar en algunos aspectos de una reClexión crítica, para contribuir con ello a un mayor entendimiento de nuestra realidad, siempre marcada por la investigación para la acción y la construcción de una postura consecuente frente a nuestros problemas más apremiantes de la región y el continente. permitirá la realización de talleres de análisis y discusión, mesas redondas, coloquios, paneles, presentaciones de libros, videoconferencias, exhibición de videodocumentales e intercambio académico con discusión abierta sobre los siguientes EJES TEMÁTICOS 1. LOS PROCESOS DE INTEGRACIÓN REGIONAL FRENTE A LA CRISIS GLOBAL 2. TRATADOS DE LIBRE COMERCIO Y PLANES GEOESTRATÉGICOS Fortalecer el vínculo movimientos sociales -­‐ academia. Incentivar y promover las aproximaciones comparativas entre los países de la región para analizar problemáticas comunes. Impulsar el estudio y la reClexión crítica a los conceptos de fronteras y límites. Así como el conocimiento de la realidad social de las ciudades fronterizas. Dirigido a: En su XV edición este congreso se realizará conjuntamente, como lo ha hecho en otras ocasiones con otros eventos, con la IV edición del Congreso Internacional de Ciudades Fronterizas, el cual se ha llevado a cabo desde 2009 en la Universidad Autónoma de Cudad Juárez (UACJ). 3. MILITARIZACIÓN Y SEGURIDAD REGIONAL Investigadoras/es, docentes, estudiantes, activistas e integrantes de organizaciones sociales. 4. MIGRACIONES, DESPLAZAMIENTOS FORZADOS Y REFUGIO INFORMACIÓN PRÁCTICA: La dinámica del Congreso busca integrar diversas formas de discusión y debate que han sido relevantes durante casi veinte años de trabajo colectivo en nuestro proyecto/programa general sobre Integración Regional, Fronteras y Globalización en el Continente Americano. Se trata de presentar no sólo resultados de análisis e investigaciones, sino de establecer nuevos mecanismos de trabajo colectivo interdisciplinario y, en lo posible, acercamientos a trabajos comparados. En esta ocasión, se trata de enfatizar una mirada crítica del concepto de frontera y sus manifestaciones económicas, políticas, sociales, psicológicas, culturales, legales y territoriales; y que además, se cuestione la propia existencia de las fronteras en un mundo globalizado, desde una perspectiva democratizadora. 6. LAS FRONTERAS DE CARA A LA INTEGRACION Además de una visita a la ciudad fronteriza de el Paso, Texas (para aquellos interesados en participar en ella), la estructura del congreso " 24
5. NUEVOS MOVIMIENTOS SOCIALES Y EXPERIENCIAS DE ORGANIZACIÓN 7. SEGURIDAD Y MILITARIZACIÓN FRONTERIZA 8. TRANSCULTURACIÓN TRANSFRONTERIZA 9. CIUDADES FRONTERIZAS Y GOBIERNOS LOCALES 10.CONTRUYENDO UNA AGENDA DE LOS ESTUDIOS CRÍTICOS DE LA FRONTERAS OBJETIVOS: Exponer los impactos de la crisis económica global en los ámbitos económicos, políticos y sociales del Hemisferio Occidental. Consolidar la reClexión colectiva y las formas de trabajo conjuntas sobre las temáticas a abordar. Aportar herramientas metodológicas a procesos de resistencia y de reClexión sobre las alternativas de integración regional. ABS Executive Secretariat
Los gastos de transporte, alojamiento y alimentación correrán por cuenta de las y los participantes, de las instituciones, organizaciones, colectivos y movimientos de los cuales forman parte. Debido a que las instalaciones de la Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez se localizan en una zona donde los servicios alimenticios (restaurantes) no están cercanos a las mismas, el Comité Organizador Local acordó contratar los servicios de una empresa de banquetes que lleve los alimentos a la propia Universidad con un costo de USD $30.00 (treinta dólares) o $ 400.00 (Cuatrocientos pesos) por los tres días, los cuales deberán ser pagados al momento de la inscripción. Al término del congreso, los días 31 de octubre y 1 de noviembre se realizará una visita a la ciudad fronteriza de El Paso, Texas. Los gastos correrán por parte de las y los interesados (favor de enviar una nota junto al resumen de la ponencia si está interesado(a) en esta actividad). Se requiere visa vigente otorgada por los Estados Unidos para poder cruzar la frontera. -­‐ Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland
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Fecha límite para recibir resúmenes:
15 de junio de 2015 (con extensión de una cuartilla
como máximo, espacio y medio, letra Times New
Roman 12, margen normal, tamaño carta)
Fecha límite para recibir ponencias de las
personas interesadas en que sean integradas en
una Memoria en versión CD, la cual se entregará
durante el congreso:
30 de septiembre de 2015 (cuya extensión será de 20 a
25 cuartillas a espacio y medio, letra tipo Times New
Roman 12, margen normal, tamaño carta, en formato
Word para Windows).
Fecha límite para la entrega de ponencias al
Comité Organizador para su dictamen y posible
publicación en libro:
5 de diciembre de 2015 (lo cual permite la
incorporación de las discusiones realizadas en el
evento).
Favor de enviar los resúmenes y ponencias a las
siguiente tres direcciones electrónicas:
Dr.Juan Manuel Sandoval Palacios:
[email protected]
Dr. Hector Antonio Padilla Delgado: [email protected]
Dra. Consuelo Pequeño:
[email protected]
Publicación de ponencias en libro:
Las ponencias, serán sometidas a un Comité
Dictaminador y las que sean seleccionadas serán
publicadas. Para tal efecto, el Comité enviará
posteriormente las normas editoriales detalladas que
deberán incorporar. Dependiendo de la cantidad de los
materiales seleccionados y de los recursos disponibles,
se publicarán uno o varios libros temáticos los cuales
serán coeditados por algunas de las instituciones
convocantes.
INSTITUCIONES CONVOCANTES
Argentina
Grupo de Investigaciones Interdisciplinarias sobre
Espacio Social (G2IES), Universidad Nacional de la
Patagonia Austral (Santa Cruz)
Instituto Superior de Estudios Ambientales (ISEA),
Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (Córdoba)
Laboratorio de Desertificación y Ordenamiento
Territorial (LADyOT), Consejo Nacional de
Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)
(Mendoza)
Centro de Estudios Urbanos y Regionales (CEUR),
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y
Técnicas (CONICET) (Buenos Aires)
Brasil
Laboratório do Espaço Social (LABES), Universidade
Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Porto Alegre)
Laboratório Estado e Território (LABETER).
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Porto
Alegre)
Grupo de Pesquisas Espaço, Fronteira, Informação e
Tecnologia (GREFIT). Universidade Federal do Rio
Grande do Sul (Porto Alegre)
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia (POSGEA),
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Porto
Alegre) (*)
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Planejamento Urbano
e Regional (PROPUR), Faculdade de Arquitetura,
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (Porto
Alegre) (*)
Grupo de Pesquisas "Integrações econômicas
binacionais e desenvolvimento social em regiões de
fronteiras, Universidade Federal do Pampa (Santana do
Livramento)
Grupo RETIS, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
(Rio de Janeiro)
ABS Executive Secretariat
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Observatório das Fronteiras do Platô das Guianas OBFRON/UNIFAP Mestrado em Desenvolvimento
Regional, Universidade Federal do Amapá (Zerão Macapá – Amapá)
Colombia
Departamento de Trabajo Social, Facultad de Ciencias
Sociales y Humanas, Universidad de Antioquia
(Medellín)
Instituto de Estudios Políticos (IEP), Universidad de
Antioquia (Medellín)
Grupo de Investigación Género, Subjetividad y
Sociedad (GIGSS), Instituto de Estudios Regionales
(INER), Universidad de Antioquia (Medellín)
Semillero de Estudios Políticos Rurales, adscrito al
Grupo de Gobierno y Asuntos Públicos, Facultad de
Derecho y Ciencias Políticas, Universidad de
Antioquia (Medellín)
Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Universidad de
La Salle (Bogotá)
Corporación para la Investigación Acción en Sociedad,
Salud y Cultura (CISSC) (Bogotá)
Grupo de Investigación Ciempiés, Universidad de
Santander (UDES) (San José de Cúcuta, Norte de
Santander)
Centro de Estudios sobre Fronteras y Desarrollo
Territorial (Frondeter) (San José de Cúcuta, Norte de
Santander)
Grupo de Investigación Gestión Integral del Territorio
y Proyecto de Investigación "Sistema Metropolitano
Binacional", Universidad de Pamplona, sede Villa del
Rosario (Norte de Santander)
Estados Unidos
California-México Project, FO2-213, Department of
Chicano and Latino Studies, California State
University-Long Beach (CSULB) (Long, Beach,
California)
California-Mexico Studies Center, Inc. (Los Angeles
California)
Mexican American Studies in Spanish / Estudios
Méxicoamericanos en Español, Spanish and
Portuguese Section, School of International Letters and
Cultures (SILC), Arizona State University at Tempe
(Tempe, Arizona)
Finlandia
Universidad de Finlandia Oriental (Joensuu,
Finlandia)
Luxemburgo
Grupo de Trabajo sobre Desarrollo, Equidad y
Coherencia de Políticas Públicas, Consortium for
Comparative Research on Regional Integration and
Social Cohesion (RISC), con sede en el Unité de
Recherche IPSE, Université du Luxembourg.
México
Seminario Permanente de Estudios Chicanos y de
Fronteras, Dirección de Etnología y Antropología
Social-Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia
(México, D. F.)
Cuerpo Académico 83: “Estudios Fronterizos”,
Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Instituto de
Ciencias Sociales y Administración, Universidad
Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez (Cd Juárez, Chihuahua)
El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (Campeche, Campeche)
Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Sociales,
Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez (Chihuahua)
Cuerpo Académico: “Procesos de Integración
Económica”; y Posgrado en Integración Económica,
Departamento de Economía de la Universidad de
Sonora (Hermosillo, Sonora)
Cuerpo Académico: “Estudios Sociales de la Frontera
Norte” (CAEF-UNISON-161), Universidad de Sonora
(Nogales, Sonora)
Cuerpo Académico “Política Económica”, Facultad de
Economía, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de
Puebla (Puebla, Puebla)
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Centro de Investigación y Servicio en Economía y
Comercio Agropecuario (CISECA), División de
Ciencias Económico Administrativas, Universidad
Autónoma de Chapingo (Chapingo, Estado de México).
Seminario Permanente de Estudios Fronterizos,
Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México
Facultad de Economía, Universidad Autónoma de
Yucatán (Mérida, Yucatán)
Centro de Estudios de Fronteras y Chicanos, A. C.-sede
Chiapas (San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas)
Centro de Estudios Estratégicos de América del Norte,
A. C. (México, D. F.)
Venezuela
Grupo de Estudios sobre Regionalismo, Integración
Económica y Desarrollo, Univ. de los Andes (Mérida)
Grupo de Investigación sobre Comunicación,
Integración y Desarrollo (GICID), Universidad de Los
Andes – Núcleo Táchira (San Cristóbal)
Departamento de Economía y Finanzas, Facultad de
Ciencias Jurídicas y Políticas, U. del Zulia (Maracaibo)
Laboratorio de Investigación en Estudios del Trabajo
(LAINET), Universidad de Carabobo (Valencia) (*)
Grupo de Investigación en Género (GIG), Universidad
de Carabobo (Valencia) (*)
Redes de cooperación científica internacional
Asociación de Estudios Fronterizos, Instituto de
Carelia (Joensuu, Finlandia);
Conferencia Binacional en Asuntos Fronterizos /
Binational Conference on Border Issues (Tijuana, Baja
california, México; San Diego, california, U. S. A.)
Consortium for Comparative Research on Regional
Integration and Social Cohesion (RISC), con sede en el
Unité de Recherche IPSE, Université du Luxembourg
(Luxemburgo)
Red Políticas Públicas y Desarrollo Rural en América
Latina (PP-AL)
Redes sociales
Red Mexicana de Acción frente al Libre Comercio
(RMALC).
Coordinadores:
Dr. Juan Manuel Sandoval Palacios, Seminario
Permanente de Estudios Chicanos y de Fronteras,
(DEAS-INAH), Distrito Federal (México):
[email protected]
Dra. Raquel Álvarez de Flores, Grupo de Estudios
sobre Regionalismo, Integración Económica y
Desarrollo, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida
(Venezuela): [email protected]
Dra. Sara Yaneth Fernández Moreno, Departamento
de Trabajo Social, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y
Humanas, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín,
Antioquia (Colombia): [email protected]
Dr. Alejandro Fabian Schweitzer, CONICET Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral, Río
Gallegos, Santa Cruz (Argentina):
[email protected]
Comité organizador local:
Dr. Hector Antonio Padilla Delgado,
Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Instituto de
Ciencias Sociales y Administración, Universidad
Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez: [email protected]
Dra. Consuelo Pequeño Rodriguez, Cuerpo
Académico 83 Estudios Fronterizos, Departamento de
Ciencias Sociales, Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y
Administración, Univ. Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez
Dra. Martha Patricia Barraza de Anda, Cuerpo
Académico 83 Estudios Fronterizos, Departamento de
Ciencias Sociales, Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y
Administración, Univ. Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez
Dr. Luis Antonio Payan Alvarado, Cuerpo
Académico 83 Estudios Fronterizos, Departamento de
Ciencias Sociales, Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y
Administración, Univ. Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez
-­‐ Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland
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Upcoming Conferenses
2016
October 4–7 ABS Europe Conference: Differences
and discontinuities in a “Europe without borders”
University of Luxembourg, (Lux.)
May 17–20 BRIT XV conference “Cities, States and
Borders – From the Local to the Global” University of
Southern Denmark, Hafen City University Hamburg
and the University of Hamburg, Hamburg
(Germany) and Sønderborg (Denmark).
2015
November 6–7 The State in/of Borderlands History/
El Estado en/de la Historia de la Región Fronteriza
University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, (USA)
October 28–30 XV Congreso Internacional Sobre
Integración Regional, Fronteras y Globalización en el
Continente Americano, a Realizarse Conjuntamente
con el IV Congreso Internacional de Ciudades
Fronterizas, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua (México).
October 14–17 New Horizons in Canadian Studies”
Association of Canadian Studies in the United States
(ACSUS) 23rd Biennial Conference. The Tuscany
Suites and Casino, Las Vegas, Nevada, (USA)
October 1–2 North American In/Securities: A LocalGlobal Nexus. University of Turku, (Finland),
[email protected]
September 23–25 Transnational and Transborder
Familial and Gender Relations: Comparing the
Influence of Blurred and Brittle Borders. University
of Oxford, (U.K.)
September 25–26 “Interactive Borderland? Rethinking Networks and Organisations in Europe”,
Goethe Institute, Riga. Organised by IRTG “Baltic
Borderlands” at the Universities in Lund (Sweden),
Tartu (Estonia), Greifswald (Germany),
September 8–10 10th Annual WCO Picard
Conference, Organized by The World Customs
Organization (WCO) and the Azerbaijan Customs
Service, Baku, (Azerbaijan)
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ABS Executive Secretariat
August 30–September 2 The fifth EUGEO Congress
“Convergences and Divergences of Geography in
Europe” Budapest, (Hungary).
August 17–21 IGU Commission on Political
Geography at the International Geographical Union
Regional Conference, Moscow, (Russia)
June 6-11 6th Urban Space and Social Life: Theory
and Practice. City University of Hong Kong, Hong
Kong; Zhuhai City Polytechnic, Zhuhai; University
of Macau, Macau
May 20–22 V Seminário de Estudos Fronteiriços
Corumbá, Bolivia and Paraguay borders. (Brazil)
Contact: Profa. Dra. Adriana Dorfman,
[email protected]
May 7–8 Comparative Border Studies in North
America, University of Texas at Brownsville;
Brownsville, TX, (USA).
April 21–25 Association of American Geographers
(AAG) Annual Meeting 2015. Chicago (USA).
April 20 The 28th Annual PGSG Pre-conference for
the AAG Chicago meeting. Contact: Reece Jones and
Natalie Koch at [email protected]
April 8–11 57th ABS/WSSA Annual
Conference Portland, Oregon, Portland Marriott
Downtown Waterfront.
IBRU Professional Training Workshops for 2015
Preparing for Third Party Settlement of Boundary And Territorial
Disputes, 4-6 May 2015, The Hague, The Netherlands in Partnership
with Eversheds LLP https://www.dur.ac.uk/ibru/workshops/2015/
thirdparty/
Archive Research for Boundary Disputes Resolution, 21-23 September
2015, London, United Kingdom https://www.dur.ac.uk/ibru/
workshops/2015/archiveresearch/
Defining, Delimiting and Managing the Outer Continental Shelf,
16-18 November 2015, Washington DC, USA in Partnership with
Foley Hoag LLP https://www.dur.ac.uk/ibru/workshops/2015/
continentalshelf/
-­‐ Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland
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Publications
International Studies Association (ISA) 56th
Annual Conference 2015, New Orleans,
Louisiana, USA, 18-21 February 2015. in Rio Grande Valley History (Vol. 13)
Brownsville, TX: University of Texas at
Brownsville, pp. 339-359.
Amilhat Szary, A-L & F. Giraut (forthcoming
2015). Borderities: The Politics of
Contemporary Mobile Borders. Basingstoke:
Palgrave Macmillan.
Correa-Cabrera, G. (2014). Administrative
Surveillance and Fear: Implications for U.S.Mexico Border Relations and
Governance” (co-authored with T. Garrett and
M. Keck). European Review of Latin American
and Caribbean Studies 96, 35-53.
D'Amelio, D. (2014). Democristiani di
confine. Ascesa e declino del «partito
italiano» a Trieste fra difesa dell’italianità e
normalizzazione adriatica (1945-1979). In:
Contemporanea. Rivista di storia dell'800 e
del '900, vol. 3, [Christian Democrats at the
Border. The Rise and Fall of the «Italian Party»
in Trieste between Defence of Italianity and
Adriatic Normalization (1945-1979)]
Amilhat Szary, A-L. (2014). Latin American
Borders on the Lookout: Recreating borders
through art in the Mercosul. In: Placing the
Border in Everyday Life, R. Jones & C.
Jonhson, eds, Ashgate, p. 346-378.
Amilhat Szary, A-L. (2014). Natures of
Borders: from Historical to Prospective
Epistemologies. In: M. Ramutsindela, ed.
Cartographies of Nature: How Nature
Conservation Animates Borders. New Castle
upon Tyne, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, p.
31-53
Amilhat Szary, A-L. (2015). Qu'est-ce qu'une
frontière aujourd'hui?, Paris, PUF.
Amilhat Szary, A-L. & F. Marie-Christine
(2013). Frontière, frontiers. Entry of the second
edition of the second edition of the
Dictionnaire de la Géographie et de l’Espace
des Sociétés, edited by Jacques Lévy et Michel
Lussault, éditions BELIN.
Brambilla, C., J. Laine, J. W. Scott & G.
Bocchi, eds. (2015, forthcoming).
Borderscaping: Imaginations and Practices of
Border Making. Ashgate, London.
Brown, C. (2015). Scale and Subnational
Resource Management: Transnational
Initiatives in the Salish Sea Region. Review of
Policy Research. 32(1): 60-78.
Correa-Cabrera, G. (2014). Militarización y
Seguridad Ciudadana en Tamaulipas: Dilemas
de la Sociedad Civil y Límites a la
Participación Ciudadana en una Entidad
donde el Estado Perdió el Monopolio de la
Violencia. In: Seguridad Ciudadana en
México. Monterrey, Nuevo León: Woodrow
Wilson Center, CAF - Development Bank of
Latin America and Instituto Tecnológico de
Monterrey.
Correa-Cabrera, G. (2014). Seguridad y
Migración en las Dos Fronteras de México:
Diagnóstico y Recomendaciones de Política y
Cooperación Regional. Revista Migración y
Desarrollo 12(22), 147-171.
Correa-Cabrera, G. (2014). The
Phenomenology of Perception and Fear:
Security and the Reality of the U.S.-Mexico
Border (co-authored with T. Garrett). Journal of
Borderlands Studies 29(2), 243-255.
Correa-Cabrera, G. (2014). Violence on the
‘Forgotten’ Border: Mexico’s Drug War, the
State, and Paramilitarization of Organized
Crime in Tamaulipas in a ‘New Democratic
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Chung, A. (2014). Postcolonial Perspectives on
Nuclear Non-Proliferation (January 15, 2015).
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Convention 2015.
Chung, A. (2014). Preventing Inaction: The
Case for R2P (November 30, 2014). New
Zealand Political Studies Association (NZPSA)
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Chung, A. (2015). A Comparative Security
Analysis of Human Rights and Terrorism.
ABS Executive Secretariat
Correa-Cabrera, G. (2015, forthcoming).
Research Methods and Experiences on the
Eastern Border (Tamaulipas-Texas):
Paramilitarization of Organized Crime,
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Correa-Cabrera, G. (2015). Bilingual College
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Hall, T. D. (2015). A ‘Perfect Storm’ in the
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Hall, T. D. (2015). The Ecology of Herding:
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Konrad, V. (2014). Borders and Culture: Zones
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Konrad, V. (2014). Borders, Bordered Lands
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Konrad, V. (2015). Toward a Theory of Borders
in Motion. Journal of Borderlands Studies 30,
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Laine, J. & M. Tervonen (2015). Remaking the
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Leuenberger, C. A. (2015). “Building a Neoliberal Palestinian State under Closure: The
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Paül, V. & Trillo-Santamaría, J.M. (2014). La
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Pfoser, A. (2015). Between Security and
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Sidaway, J. D. (2015) Mapping Border
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Sohn, C. and Giffinger, R., (2015). A Policy
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Swartwood, J. (2015). “Frijoles and Cowboys,
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Swartwood, J. (2015). Contested Territories:
Mixed Identity Constructs and Hybrid Culture
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2015 Member Directory will be published in the Fall issue (November 2015)
The
Association for Borderlands Studies (ABS)
is the leading international scholarly association dedicated exclusively to the systematic
interchange of ideas and information relating to international border areas. Founded in
1976 with the original emphasis on the study of the United States-Mexico borderlands
region, the Association has grown steadily and become more global. It now encompasses
an interdisciplinary membership of scholars and other stakeholders at close to three
hundred academic, governmental institutions, and NGOs representing all continents.
ABS maintains relations with institutions and associations with similar interests globally.
The annual meeting every April provides a forum for a wide range of topics on border
regions around the world. The ABS also co-sponsors other meetings on border topics.
Benefits of ABS Membership
• A subscription to the Journal of Borderlands Studies (4 numbers annually)
• Access to an online database of archived volumes of the Journal of Borderlands Studies
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Border Regions Series
Series Editor: Doris Wastl-Walter, University of Bern, Switzerland
In recent years, borders have taken on an immense significance. Throughout the world they have shifted, been constructed and dismantled, and become physical
barriers between socio-political ideologies. They may separate societies with very different cultures, histories, national identities or economic power, or divide
people of the same ethnic or cultural identity.
As manifestations of some of the world’s key political, economic, societal and cultural issues, borders and border regions have received much academic attention
over the past decade. This valuable series publishes high quality research monographs and edited comparative volumes that deal with all aspects of border regions,
both empirically and theoretically. It will appeal to scholars interested in border regions and geopolitical issues across the whole range of social sciences.
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COMING SOON
Borderscaping:
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Making
Mobility and
Migration Choices
Thresholds to Crossing Borders
Edited by Martin van der Velde
and Ton van Naerssen
Edited by Chiara Brambilla,
Jussi Laine, James W. Scott
and Gianluca Bocchi
Using the borderscapes concept, this book offers an
approach to border studies that expresses the multilevel
complexity of borders, from the geopolitical to social
practice and cultural production at and across the border.
Includes 21 b&w illustrations
Oct 2015 | 272 pages | Hardback | 978-1-4724-5146-0 | $119.95
“Despite the near-exponential increase in literature and
research on migration/mobility, surprisingly little attention
has been paid to the nitty-gritty of the mobility decisionmaking process. Built around the innovative threshold
approach to border-crossing, this book does a wonderful job
of illustrating the application of this core concept with a rich
variety of case-studies from around the world.”
—Russell King, University of Sussex, UK
Includes 30 b&w illustrations
Aug 2015 | 320 pages | Hardback | 978-1-4094-5803-6 | $119.95
Borders, Fences
and Walls
Placing the Border
in Everyday Life
State of Insecurity?
Edited by Reece Jones
and Corey Johnson
Edited by Elisabeth Vallet
“With its rich collection of contributions, this volume
illustrates the diversity amongst physical borders in different
parts of the world. It is an important and very welcome
addition to the border studies literature.”
—Emmanuel Brunet-Jailly, University of Victoria, Canada
Includes 14 b&w illustrations
Aug 2014 | 298 pages | Hardback | 978-1-4724-2966-7 | $119.95
Placing the Border in Everyday Life complicates the
connection between borders and sovereign states by
identifying the individuals and organizations that engage
in border work at a range of scales and places. This edited
volume includes contributions from major international
scholars in the field of border studies and allied disciplines
who analyze where and why border work is done. By
combining a new theorization of border work beyond the
state with rich empirical case studies, this book makes a
ground-breaking contribution to the study of borders and
the state in the era of globalization.
Includes 10 b&w illustrations
May 2014 | 276 pages | Hardback | 978-1-4724-2454-9 | $109.95
Israelis and
Palestinians in the
Shadows of the Wall
Spaces of Separation
and Occupation
Edited by Stéphanie Latte Abdallah
and Cédric Parizot
Shedding light on the recent mutations of the Israeli
separation policy, this book argues that this policy has
reinforced the interconnectedness of Israeli and
Palestinian lives and their spaces.
Includes 14 b&w illustrations and 9 maps
June 2015 | 310 pages | Hardback | 978-1-4724-4888-0 | $124.95
The Border Multiple
The Practicing of Borders between
Public Policy and Everyday Life
in a Re-scaling Europe
Edited by Dorte Jagetic Andersen,
Martin Klatt and Marie Sandberg
“Moving from the practices of Ukrainian smugglers to
policy making in Brussels this book gives a refreshingly new
and impressive analysis of the changing roles of borders
in Europe.”
—Orvar Löfgren, Lund University, Sweden
Includes 9 b&w illustrations and 2 maps
Sept 2012 | 276 pages | Hardback | 978-1-4094-3708-6 | $119.95
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NEW: Green OA policy allows authors to
Subscriptions to the Journal of Borderlands
post their Accepted manuscripts without
Studies are provided automatically to all
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website, as well as a short note on journal
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Volume 29, Issue 4, 2014
Peer Review Statement
All submissions to this journal undergo
rigorous peer review, based on initial editor
Special Issue: The Multiple US–Mexico
Borders
screening and double-blind review by at least
An Introduction to the Multiple US–Mexico
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two referees, although in many instances
Guadalupe Correa-Cabrera & Kathleen Staudt
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Undocumented Families in Times of
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Olivia T. Ruiz Marrujo
Politics, Process, Culture and Human Folly:
Life among Arizonans and the Reality of a
Transborder World
Carlos G. Vélez-Ibáñez & Elsie Szecsy
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Borderlands Studies, which has distinguished
itself as a leading forum for borderlands
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humanities
and
business
disciplines focusing on borderlands issues.
The
journal
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from
The Association for Borderlands Studies and
our publisher Taylor & Francis make every
Irasema Coronado
discipline that illuminates border problems,
characteristics, issues and realities in any part
of the world; the border emphasis is global.
Papers should deal in a substantive way with
the
border-related
aspects
of
a
topic.
Submissions should not just be the results of a
study in a region near a border without
significant
consideration
of
border
effort to ensure the accuracy of all the
information (the “Content”) contained in our
our publisher Taylor & Francis, our agents,
The Border, Performed in Films: Produced in
both Mexico and the US to “Bring Out the
Worst in a Country”
and our licensors make no representations or
Kathleen Staudt
publications. However, the Association and
warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy,
completeness, or suitability for any purpose
any
or
transborder influences and characteristics.
Ciudad Juárez: A Perfect Storm on the US–
Mexico Border
Whither the Environmental
Nongovernmental Organizations on Multiple
Regions of the US–Mexico Border?
Disclaimer
primary publication of the Association for
Guadalupe Correa-Cabrera
Tony Payan
4 issues per year. 4 issues will be print.
Journal of Borderlands Studies (JBS) is the
Violence on the “Forgotten” Border: Mexico's
Drug War, the State, and the
Paramilitarization of Organized Crime in
Tamaulipas in a “New Democratic Era”
of the Content. Any opinions and views
expressed in this publication are the opinions
and views of the authors, and are not the
views of or endorsed by the Association and
our publisher Taylor & Francis. The accuracy
of the Content should not be relied upon and
should
be
primary
independently
sources
of
verified
with
information.
The
Association and our publisher Taylor &
A Tale of Two Mexican Border Cities: The Rise
and Decline of Drug Violence in Juárez and
Tijuana
David A. Shirk
“The antiAtlas of Borders, A Manifesto”
Cédric Parizot, Anne Laure Amilhat Szary,
Gabriel Popescu, Isabelle Arvers, Thomas
Cantens, Jean Cristofol, Nicola Mai, Joana Moll &
Antoine Vion
Francis shall not be liable for any losses,
actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs,
+ BOOK REVIEWS
Since 2011, the Association for Borderlands
expenses, damages, and other liabilities
whatsoever or howsoever caused arising
+ ABS WORLD CONFERENCE REPORT
Studies’s Journal is published in the UK by
Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Group,
directly or indirectly in connection with, in
Informa
and
relation to or arising out of the use of the
institutional subscribers are asked to please
Content. Terms & Conditions of access and
contact
use
UK
their
Limited.
Customer
[email protected]
information.
ABS Executive Secretariat
Libraries
Services
for
at:
pricing
can
be
found
at
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/rjbs20/current#
http://
www.tandfonline.com/page/terms-andconditions
-­‐ Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland
31
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La Frontera
The Association for
Borderlands Studies (ABS)
is the leading international
scholarly association
dedicated exclusively to the
systematic interchange of
ideas and information
relating to international
border areas. Founded in
1976 with the original
emphasis on the study of the
United States-Mexico
borderlands region, the
Association has grown
steadily. It now encompasses
an interdisciplinary
membership of scholars at
more than one hundred
academic, governmental
institutions, and NGOs
representing the Americas,
Asia, Africa and Europe.
La Association for
Borderlands Studies (ABS)
es la principal entidad
internacional y académica
que se dedica exclusivamente
al intercambio constante de
ideas e información
relacionadas con las áreas
fronterizas internacionales.
Fundada en 1976 con el
original énfasis en el estudio
de la región fronteriza entre
Estados Unidos y México, la
asociación ha estado en
constante crecimiento. A día
de hoy, abarca la sociedad
interdisciplinaria de miembros
académicos para más de cien
instituciones
gubernamentales y
académicas, y para ONG
presentes en América, Asia,
África y Europa.
MEMBERSHIP
Membership benefits include
the Journal of Borderlands
Studies, our online newsletter,
La Fronterra. Members
receive information about
international borderlands
conferences.
conference. Next conference
will be in April 8-11, 2014 in
Portland, Oregon.
JOURNAL
Our primary publication is the
Journal of Borderlands
Studies, published four times
a year. It has, for more than a
decade, distinguished itself as
a leading forum for
borderlands research.
•
CONFERENCES
ABS Annual Meetings are
held with the Western Social
Science Association‘s annual
FUTURE CONFERENCES
•
•
•
2016 Reno, Nevada –
April 13 – 16
2017 San Francisco,
California – April 12 – 15
2018 San Antonio, Texas
– April 4 – 7
2019 San Diego,
California – April 24 – 27
RESOURCES
ABS is in the process of
forging links with other
research institutions
internationally, most recently
with The Centre for
International Borders
Research (CIBR).
ABS and CIBR have
collaborated in the
compilation of an extensive
selected Borders
Bibliography. The
bibliography contains work on
state borders, border regions,
borderlands, cross-border cooperation and trans-national
governance. It is available in
sections corresponding to
regional categories, or can be
accessed as a single file
ordered alphabetically by
author.
Suggestions for new
references are welcome.
Contact: [email protected]
ABS is endeavoring to keep
the links as accurate and upto-date as possible.
Officers
Dr. Martin van der Velde — President
Dr. Akihiro Iwashita — President Elect & 2015 Conference Chair
Dr. Martha Patricia Barraza de Anda - Vice President
Dr. Guadalupe Correa-Cabrera - 2nd Vice President
Dr. Victor Konrad — Past President
Dr. Jussi P. Laine — Executive Secretary & Treasurer
Dr. James W. Scott — Vice Executive Secretary
Board of Directors
2012-2015 Term
Dr. Francisco Lara-Valencia
Dr. Kathleen (Kathy) Staudt (2014-2015)
Dr. Naomi H. Chi
2013-2016 Term
Dr. Anne-Laure Amilhat Szary
Dr. Paul P. Richardson
Dr. T. Mark Montoya
2014-2017 Term
Dr. Joan B. Anderson
Dr. Adriana Dorfman
Dr. Christophe Sohn
Executive Secretary
Contact by email: [email protected] or via mail at:
ABS Executive Secretariat
c/o Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland
PO Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
" 32
ABS Executive Secretariat
-­‐ Karelian Institute, University of Eastern Finland - PO Box 111 - FI-80101 - Joensuu, Finland

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