REFERENCES - Shodhganga

REFERENCES
References
REFERENCES
Aarti C. Sanjeeda I. Maheshwari R.S. Bafna A, 2012, Study of air pollution tolerance
Index of plants growing in Pithampur Industrial area sector 1, 2 and 3,
Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1: 172-177.
Abu-Allaban A.W. Gertler D.H. Lowenthal, 2002, A preliminary apportionment of
the sources of ambient PM10; PM2.5; and VOCs in Cairo, Atmospheric
Environment 36, 5549–5557.
ADB- Asian Development bank report, Country synthesis report on urban air quality
management- India, 1-25.
Aikin A.C. Herman J.R. Maier F.J. McQuillan C.J, 1982, Atmospheric Chemistry of
ethane and ethylene. Journal of Geophysical Research, 87 (C4): 3105–3118.
Alexou M, 2006, Impact of free-air ozone fumigation on the seasonal allocation of
C,N,S, in adult beech and spruce in mixed stand, Ph.D thesis Albert-LudwigsUniversitat, 1-294.
Altshuller A. P, 1983, Review: Natural volatile organic substances and their effect on
air quality in the United States, Atmospheric Environment, 17, 2131–2165.
An D.D., Co H.X., Oanh N. T. K, 2008, Photochemical smog introduction and
episode selection for the ground level ozone in Hanoi, Vietnam, VNU Journal
of Science, Earth Sciences, 24, 169-175.
Anderson B.E. Gregory G.L. Barrickk J.D.W. Collins J.E. Sachse G.W. Hudgins C.H.
Bradshaw J. D. Sandholm S. T, 1993, Factors influencing dry season ozone
distributions over the tropical south Atlantic, Journal of Geophysical
Research, 98, 23491–23500.
Andreae M. O. Crutzen P. J, 1997, Atmospheric aerosols: Biogeochemical sources
and role in atmospheric chemistry, Science, 276, 1052–1058.
Andrews M.A, 2012, Understanding Tropospheric Ozone in a Montane Tropical Rain
Forest – An Analysis of Ozone Levels in the Luquillo Mountains of Puerto
Rico, ESTA Report, 1-208.
ARAI, 2007, Draft report on “Emission Factor development for Indian Vehicles “ as
a part of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring and Emission Source
Apportionment Studies, Pune.
Arneth A. Monson R.K. Schurgers G. Niinemets U. Palmer P.I, 2008, Why are
estimates of global isoprene emissions so similar (and why is this not so for
monoterpenes)?, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 8, 4605–4620.
182
References
Aschman S.M. Arey J. Atkinson R, 2002, OH radical formation from the gas phase
reactions of O3 with a series of terpenes, Atmospheric Environment, 36,
4347–4355.
Atkinson R, 1990b, Gas-phase tropospheric chemistry of organic compounds: A
review, Atmospheric Environment, 24A, 1–41.
Atkinson R, 2000, Atmospheric chemistry of VOCs and NOx, Atmospheric
Environment, 34: 2063–2101.
ATSDR, 1999, Public Health Assessments and Health Consultations, Lake County,
Indiana.
Ayers H. Hager J. Little C.E, 1998. An Appalachian Tragedy, Air Pollution and Tree
Death in the Eastern Forests of North America, San Francisco: Sierra Club
Books.
Bailey J. Eggleston S, 1993, The contribution of gasoline fuelled vehicle exhaust to
the UK speciated hydrocarbon inventory, Science of Total Environment, 134,
263–271.
Balat M. Balat H, 2009, Recent trends in global production and utilization of bioethanol fuel, Applied Energy, 86, 2273–2282.
Balsberg-Paehlsson A.M, 1988, Effects of heavy-metal and SO2 pollution on the
concentrations of carbohydrates and nitrogen in tree leaves, Canadian Journal
of Botany, 67, 2106–2113.
Baltrenas P. Kazlauskas D. Petraitis E, 2004, Testing on noise level prevailing at
motor vehicle parking lots and numeral simulation of its dispersion, Journal of
Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 12(1): 63-70.
Baltrenas P. Kvasauskas M. Frohner K..D, 2006, Influence of stevedoring operations
of liquid and powdery fertilizers at Klaipeda state seaport on the ambient air
quality, Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management,
14(2): 59-68.
Barros N. Borrego C. Toll I. Soriano C. Jimenez P. Baldasano J.M, 2012, Urban
Photochemical Pollution in the Iberian Peninsula: Lisbon and Barcelona
Airsheds, Journal of Air and Waste Management, 53:347-359.
Benjamin M. T. Sudol M. Bloch L. Winer A. M, 1996, Low emitting urban forests: A
taxonomic methodology for assigning isoprene and monoterpene emission
rate, Atmospheric Environment, 30, 1437–1452.
Bera P. Hegde M.S, 2010, Recent advances in auto exhaust catalysis, Journal of
Indian Institute of Science, 90(2): 299-325
183
References
Bertoni, G., C. Ciuchini, A. Pasini, and R. Tappa, 2002. Monitoring of ambient BTX
at Monterotondo (Rome) and indoor-outdoor evaluation in school and
domestic sites, Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 4:903–907.
Bezemer T.M. van Dam N.M, 2005, Linking aboveground and belowground
interactions via induced plant defences, Trends in Ecology and Evolution,
20:617–24.
Biswas J. Upadhyay E. Nayak M. Yadav A.K, 2011, An Analysis of Anbient Air
Quality Conditions over Delhi, India from 2004 to 2009, Atmospheric and
Climate Sciences, 1:214-224.
Bloomer B. J. Vinnikov K.Y. Dickerson R.R, 2010, Changes in seasonal and diurnal
cycles of ozone and temperature in the Eastern U.S., Atmospheric
Environment, 44 (21-22): 2543-51.
Bradford M.M, 1976, Rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram
quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding, Analytical
Biochemistry, 72: 248–254.
Brasseur G. P. Chatfield R. B, 1991, The fate of biogenic trace gases in the
atmosphere, in T. D. Sharkey, E. A. Holland, and H. A. Mooney (eds), Trace
Gas Emissions from Plants, Academic Press, San Diego, 1–27.
Bravo H.A. Camancho R.C. Roy-Ocotla G.R. Sosa R.E. Torres R.J, 1991, Analysis of
the change in atmospheric urban formaldehyde and photochemical activity as
a result of using methyl-t-butyl-ether (MTBE) as an additive in gasoline of the
metropolitan area of Mexico City, Atmospheric Environment, 25B, 285–288.
Brilli F. Barta C. Fortunati A. Lerdau M. Loreto F. Centritto M, 2007, Response of
isoprene emission and carbon metabolism to drought in white poplar (Populus
alba) saplings, New Phytologist, 175, 244–254.
Brocco D. Fratarcangelli R. Lepore L. Petricca M. Ventrone I, 1997, Determination of
aromatic hydrocarbons in urban air of Rome, Atmospheric Environment, 31:
557–566.
Bru¨ggemann N. Schnitzler J.P, 2002a, Comparison of isoprene emission,
intercellular isoprene concentration and photosynthetic performance in waterlimited oak (Quercus pubescens Willd. and Quercus robur L.) saplings, Plant
Biology, 4: 456–463.
Bureau of Air Quality Control, 2007, Houston Regional Benzene Air Pollution
Reduction: A Voluntary Plan for Major Sources, Department of Health and
Services, 900 Bagby, 3rd Floor, (713)-437-6961.
Burkey K.O. Neufeld H.S. Souza L. Chappelka A.H. Davison A.W, 2006, Seasonal
profiles of Leaf Ascorbic Acid content and Redox State in Ozone-Sensitive
Wildflowers, Environmental Pollution, 143: 427-434.
184
References
Cape J.N, 2003, Effects of airborne volatile organic compounds on plants,
Environmental Pollution, 122 (1): 145-157.
Carlton A.G. Pinder R.W. Bhave P.V. Pouliot G.A, 2010, To what extent can
biogenic SOA be controlled? Environmental Science and Technology, 44:
3376-3380.
Census of India Report, 2011, 1-12.
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) Report, 2011, Method 411, Air Sampling
and Analysis, 3rd Edition (Determination of oxidizing substances in the
atmosphere), 1-62.
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), 2009, Hazardous Air Pollutants, Parivesh
Newsletter, 1-76.
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), 2010, Status of the Vehicular Pollution
Control Programme in Delhi, 1-131.
Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) Report, 2012, Benzene levels high again:
Need Action, 1-8.
Centritto M. Nascetti P. Petrilli L. Raschi A. Loreto F, 2004, Profiles of isoprene
emission and photosynthetic parameters in hybrid poplars exposed to free-air
CO2 enrichment, Plant, Cell and Environment, 27: 403–412.
Chaloulakou A. Kassomenos P. Spyrellis N. Koutrakis P, 2003, Measurements of
PM10 and PM2.5 Particle Concentrations in Athens, Greece, Atmospheric
Environment, Vol. 37, No. 5, 649-660.
Chameides W. L. Lindsay R. W. Richardson J. Kiang C. S, 1988, The role of biogenic
hydrocarbons in urban photochemical smog: Atlanta as a case study, Science,
241, 1473–1475.
Chan C.C. Xi C.M. Liu J.M, 1991, Driver Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds,
CO, Ozone, and NO2 Under Different Driving Conditions, Environmental
Science & Technology, 25, 964-972.
Chattopadhyay G. Samanta G. Chatterjee S. Chakroborti P, 1997, Determination of
benzene, toluene and xylene in ambient air of Calcutta for three years during
winter. Environment Technology, 18: 211–218.
Chelani A.B. Devotta S, 2007, Air quality assessment in Delhi: before and after CNG
as fuel, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 125, 257–263.
Chen F. Tholl D. Bohlmann J. Pichersky E, 2011, The family of terpene synthases in
plants: a mid-size family of genes for specialized metabolism that is highly
diversified throughout the kingdom, The Plant Journal 66, 212–229.
185
References
Chen Z. Gallie D.R, 2005, Increasing tolerance to Ozone by elevating foliar ascorbic
acid confers greater protection against ozone than increasing avoidance, Plant
Physiology, Vol. 138, 1673-1689.
Chowdhary P. Macleod S, 2011, Smoking and Cancer, In: Cigarette Smoke Toxicity:
Linking Individual Chemicals to Human Diseases (Eds.) David Bernhard.
Wiley VCH, 1-438.
Christensen C.S. Skov H. Palmgren F, 1999, C5 to C8 non-methane hydrocarbon
measurements in Copenhagen: concentrations, sources and emission
estimates, Science of Total Environment, 236 (1999) 163–171.
City Development Plan Delhi, 2006, Department of Urban Development, Government
of Delhi
Cocheo V. Sacco P. Boaretto C. Saeger E.D. Ballesta P.P. Skov H. Goelen E.
Gonzalez N. Caracena A.B, 2000, Urban benzene and population exposure,
Nature, 404: 141-142.
Coffey D.S. Jeffrey C. Sprenger C, 1988, National Crop Loss Assessment Network:
Quality Assurance Programe, Environmental Pollution, 53: 89-98.
Collins C.D. Bell J.N.B. Crews C, 2000, Benzene accumulation in horticultural crops,
Chemosphere, 40: 109–114.
Collins C.D. Startin J. Bell J.N.B. Crews C. MacFarlane A, 1998, Uptake and
metabolism of benzene by horticultural crops, In: De Kok, L.J., Stulen, I.
(Ed.), Responses of Plant Metabolism to Air Pollution and Global Change,
Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands, 287-290.
Conklin P.L, 2001, Recent advances and the role and biosynthesis of ascorbic acid in
plants, Plant Cell Environment, 24:383-394.
Copolovici L.O. Filella I. Llusia J. Niinemets U. Penuelas J, 2005, The capacity for
thermal protection of photosynthetic electron transport varies for different
monoterpenes in Quercus ilex, Plant Physiology, 139: 485–496.
Coursimault A. Donati J. Viellard H. 1995, La pollution automobile due aux
hydrocarbures aromatiques monocycliques a` Paris, Science of the total
environment, 169: 17–22.
Cox, L.A. Ricci P.F, 1992, Reassessing benzene cancer risks using internal doses,
Risk analysis, 12: 401–410.
CPCB, 2011-12, Annual report, 1-210.
Crump K.S, 1994, Risk of benzene-induced leukaemia: a sensitivity analysis of the
pliofilm cohort with additional follow-up and new exposure estimates, Journal
of Toxicology and Environmental Health, 42, 219–242.
186
References
Crutzen P, 1979, The role of NO and NO2 in the chemistry of the troposphere and
stratosphere, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 7: 443–472.
Crutzen P. J. Andreae M. O, 1990, Biomass burning in the tropics: Impacts on
atmospheric chemistry and biogeochemical cycles, Science, 250, 1669–1678.
Crutzen P.J. Delany A.C. Greenberg J. Haagenson P. Heidt L. Lueb R. Pollock W.
Seiler W. Wartburg A. Zimmerman P, 1985, Tropospheric chemical
composition measurements in Brazil during the dry season, Journal of
Atmospheric Chemistry 2, 233–256.
CSE report, 2004, Right to clean air campaign: Advocating Ways to reduce air
pollution.
CSE, 2009, Delhi Is Reeling under High Levels of Deadly Ozone, Says Latest CSE
Analysis,” Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi.
Customised Research Bulletin (CRB), 2012, Sector Focus: Automobile, 1-22.
Cuypers A. Vangronsveld J. Clijsters H, 2002, Peroxidases in roots and primary
leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris Copper and Zinc phytotoxicity: a comparison,
Journal of Plant Physiology, 159(8): 869–876.
Debus R. Schro¨ der P, 1991, Responses of Petunia hybrida and Phaseolus vulgaris to
fumigation with difluorochlorobromomethane, Chemosphere, 21: 1499–1505.
Debus R. Schro¨ der P, 2000, Effects of halone 1301 on Lepidium sativum, Petunia
hybrida and Phaseolus vulgaris, Chemosphere, 41: 1603–1610.
Delcour A.H, 2009, Outer membrane permeability and antibiotic resistance,
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1794: 808-816.
Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC), (2010), Annual Report, 1-68.
Demerjian K.L. Kerr J.A. Calvert J.G, 1974, The mechanism of photochemical smog
formation, In: Advances in Environmental Science and Technology, 1–262,
edited by J N Pitts Jr and R L Metcalf, New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Derwent R.G. Middletown D.R. Field R.A. Goldstone M.E. Lester J.N. Perry R,
1995, Analysis an interpretation of air quality data from an urban air quality
data from an urban roadside location in central London over the period from
July 1991–July 1992, Atmospheric Environment, 29, 923–946.
Dhir B. Sharmila P. PardhaSaradhi P. Nasim S.A, 2009, Physiological and
antioxidant responses of Salvinia natans exposed to chromium rich
wastewater, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 72: 1790–1797.
187
References
Dollard G.J. Dumitrean P. Telling S. Dixon J. Derwent R.G, 2007, Observed trends in
ambient concentrations of C2–C8 hydrocarbons in the United Kingdom over
the period from 1993 to 2004, Atmospheric Environment, 41:2559–2569.
Dudareva N. Andersson S. Orlova I. Gatto N. Reichelt M, Rhodes D, 2005, From the
cover: the nonmevalonate pathway supports both monoterpene and
sesquiterpene formation in snapdragon flowers, Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences of the USA 102: 933–938.
Dutta C. Som D. Chatterjee A. Mukherjee A.K. Jana T.K. Sen S, 2008, Mixing ratios
of carbonyls and BTEX in ambient air of Kolkata, India and their associated
health risk, Environ Monit Assess, 148:97-107.
Ehhalt D.H. Dorn H.-P. Poppe D, 1991, The chemistry of the hydroxyl radical in the
troposphere, Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh B, 97, 17-34.
Eller A.S.D. McGuire K.L. Sparks J.P, 2011, Responses of sugar maple and hemlock
seedlings to elevated carbon dioxide under altered above and belowground
nitrogen sources, Tree Physiology, 00: 1-11.
EPCA Report No. 30, 2007, CNG safety: Progress and action taken report, Mimeo.
Erisman J.W. Bleeker A. Galloway J. Sutton M.S, 2007, Reduced nitrogen in ecology
and the environment, Environmental Pollution, 150: 140-149.
Erlandson L. Weaver C, 2002, Safety of CNG buses in Delhi: Findings and
Recommendations, CSE, New Delhi, 1-43.
Erlandson L. Weaver C, 2002, Safety of CNG buses in Delhi: Findings and
Este´vez J.M. Cantero A. Reindl A. Reichler S. Leon P, 2001, 1-Deoxy-D-xylulose-5phosphate synthase, a limiting enzyme for plastidic isoprenoid biosynthesis in
plants, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 276: 22901–22909.
Evtyugina M.G. Nunes T. Pio C. Costa C.S, 2006, Photochemical pollution under
seas breeze conditions, during summer, at the Portugese west coast,
Atmospheric Environment, 40:6277-6293.
Fares S. Barta C. Brilli F. Centritto M. Ederli L. Ferranti F. Pasqualini S. Reale L.
Tricoli D. Loreto F, 2006, Impact of high ozone on isoprene emission,
photosynthesis and histology of developing Populus alba leaves directly or
indirectly exposed to the pollutant, Physiologia Plantarum 128: 456–465.
Fares S.M. McKay R. Holzinger Goldstein A. H, 2010, Ozone fluxes in a pinus
ponderosa ecosystem are dominated by non-stomatal processes: Evidence
from long-term continuous measurements, Agricultural and Forest
Meteorology, 150 (3): 420-31.
188
References
Fehsenfeld F. Calvert J. Fall R. Goldan P. Guenther A. B. Hewitt C. N. Lamb B. Liu
S. Trainer M. Westberg H. Zimmerman P, 1992, Emissions of volatile organic
compounds from vegetation and the implications for atmospheric chemistry,
Global Biogeochemical Cycles 6, 389–430.
Fernandez-Martines G. Lopez- Mahia P. Muniategui-Lorenzo S. Vazques-Blanco E.
Prada-Rodriguez D. Fernandez-Fernandez E, 1999, Development of a method
for the determination of volatile organic compounds (C6-C9) by thermal
desorption—gas chromatography. Application to urban and rural atmosphere,
Analytical Letters, 32, 2851–2870.
Ferro A. Kennedy J. Doucette W. Nelson S. Jauregui G. McFarland B. Bugbee B,
1997, Fate of benzene in soils planted with alfalfa: uptake, volatilization, and
degradation, In: ACS Symposium Series 664, American Chemical Society,
Washington, DC, 223-237.
Field R.A. Goldstone M.E. Leaste J.N. Perry R, 1992, The sources and behaviour of
tropospheric
anthropogenic
volatile
hydrocarbons,
Atmospheric
Environment, 26(A), 2983–2999.
Font X. Artola A. Sánchez A, 2011, Detection, Composition and Treatment of
Volatile Organic Compounds from Waste Treatment Plants, Sensors, 11:
4043-4059.
Frank H. Scholl H. Renschen D. Rether B. Laouedj A. Norokorpi Y, 1993, Haloacetic
acids, phytotoxic secondary air pollutants, Environmental Science and
Pollution Research, 1: 1–11.
Franks P.J. Beerling D.J, 2009, Maximum leaf conductance driven by CO2 effects on
stomatal size and density over geologic time, PNAS, 126(25): 10343-10347.
Gaffney J.S. Marley N.A, 2009, The impacts of combustion emissions on air quality
and climate – From coal to biofuels and beyond, Atmospheric Environment,
43:23-36.
Geng F.H. Zhao C.S. Tang X. Lu G.L. Tie X, 2007, Analysis of ozone and VOCs
measured in Shanghai: a case study, Atmospheric Environment, 41:989–1001.
Gill S.S. Tuteja N, 2010, Reactive Oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in
abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants, Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 48:
909-930.
Glavas S.D. Sazakli E, 2011, Ozone long-range transport in the Balkans,
Atmospheric Environment, 45 (8): 1615-26.
GNCT of Delhi report, 2011-2012, Transport Department, 1-175.
189
References
Gokhale S. Khare M, 2007, Vehicle Wake Factor for Heterogeneous Traffic in Urban
Environments, International Journal of Environment and Pollution, Vol. 30,
No. 1, 97-105.
Goyal A. Khaliq L, 2011, Pulmonary Functions and ambient air pollution in residents
of Delhi, Indian Journal of Medical Specialities, 2(2): 96-100.
Goyal P. Sidhartha, 2003, Present scenario of air quality in Delhi: a case study of
CNG implementation, Atmospheric Environment, 37: 5423 – 5431.
Goyal S.K. Ghatge S.V. Nema P. Tamhane S.M, 2006, Understanding urban
vehicular pollution problem vis-à-vis ambient air quality- Case study of a
megacity ( Delhi, India), Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,
119:557-569.
Graedel T. E, 1979, Terpenoids in the atmosphere, Reviews in Geophysical Space
Physiology, 17, 937–947.
Grob K. Frauenfelder C. Artho A.Z, 1990, Uptake by foods of tetrachloroethylene,
trichloroethylene, toluene and benzene from air, Lebensmer.-Untersum.Forscher, 191, 435-441.
Grosjean E. Rasmuseen R.A. Grosjean D, 1998, Ambient levels of gas phase pollution
in Porto Alegre, Brazil, Atmospheric Environment, 32 (20), 3371–3379.
Guderian R. Tingey D.T. Rabe R, 1985, Effect of Photochemical oxidants on plants,
In: Guderian, R., ed. Photochemical oxidants, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 129295.
Guenther A, 1997, Seasonal and spatial variations in natural volatile organic
compounds emissions, Ecological Application, 7(1), 34–45.
Guenther A. Hewitt C.N. Erickson D. Fall R. Geron C. Graedel T, 1995, A global
model of natural volatile organic compound emissions, Journal of Geophysical
Research, 100: 8873–8892.
Guenther A. Karl T. Harley P. Wiedinmyer C. Palmer P.I. Geron C, 2006, Estimates
of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of Emissions of
Gases and Aerosols from Nature), Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 6,
3181–3210.
Guenther A. Zimmerman P. Harley P. Monson R. Fall R, 1993, Isoprene and
monoterpene emission rate variability: Model evaluation and sensitivity
analysis, Journal of Geophysical Research, 98, 12609–12617.
Guenther A.B. Zimmerman P.R. Harley P.C, 1993, Isoprene and monoterpene
emission rate variability: model evaluations and sensitivity analysis, Journal
of Geophysical Research 98: 12609–12617.
190
References
Guttikunda S, 2009a, Photochemistry of Air Pollution in Delhi, India: A Monitoring
Based Analysis, SIM-Air Working Paper Series, Vol. 25, 1-12.
Hall T. C. and Blacet F. E., 1952, Separation of the absorption spectra of NO2 and
N2O4 in the range of 2400-5000A, The Journal of Chemical Physics, 20, 1745.
Hanaoka T. Osamu A. Yuko K. Tomoko H. Go H. Kazuya F. Mikiko K. Yuzuru M,
2008, Global greenhouse gas emissions reduction potentials and mitigation
costs in 2020 -methodology and results, CGER-Report, Center for Global
Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan.
Harley P. Vasconcellos P. Vierling L. Pinheiro C.C.S. Greenberg J. Guenther A.
Klinger L. Almeida S.S. Neill D. Baker T. Phillips O. Malhi Y, 2004,
Variation in potential for isoprene emissions among Neotropical forest sites,
Global Change Biology, 10, 630–650.
Harley P.C. Monson R.K. Lerdau M.T, 1999, Ecological and evolutionary aspects of
isoprene emission from plants, Oecologia, 118, 109–123.
Harmens H. Mills G. Hayes F. Norris D, 2011, Air Pollution and Vegetation, ICP
Annual Vegetation Report, 2010-11, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology,
National Environment Research Council, Environment Centre Wales, UK, 150.
Harris T.B, 2010, Nitrogen Dioxide in the Urban Forest: Exposure and Uptake,
Master of Science Thesis, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 1-82.
Hassiotou F. Evans J.R. Ludwig M. Veneklaas E.J, 2009, Stomatal crypts may
facilitate diffusion of CO2 to adaxial mesophyll cells in thick sclerophylls,
Plant Cell Environment, 32: 1596-1611.
Heeb N.V, Forss A.M. Bach C, 1999, Fast and quantitative measurement of benzene,
toluene and C2 benzene’s in an automotive exhaust during transient engine
operation with and without catalytic exhaust treatment, Atmospheric
Environment, 33, 205–215.
Heiden A.C. Kobel K. Komenda M. Koppmann R. Shao M. Wildt J, 1999, Toluene
emissions from plants, Geophysical Research Letters, 26: 1283–1286.
Heinrich U. Muhle H. Takenaka S. Ernst H. Fuhst R. Mohr U. Pott F. Stober W,
2006, Chronic effects on the respiratory tract of hamsters, mice and rats after
long term inhalation of high concentrations of filtered and unfiltered diesel
engine emissions, Journal of Applied Toxicology, Vol 6, issue 6, 383-395.
Hellén H. Hakola H. Laurila T. Hiltunen V. Koskentalo T, 2002, Aromatic
hydrocarbon and methyl tert-butyl ether measurements in ambient air of
Helsinki (Finland) using diffusive samplers, The Science of Total
Environment, 298: 55–64.
191
References
Heterich R. Heterich R, 1990, Comparing the distribution of nitrated phenols in the
atmosphere of two German hill sites, Environmental Technology, 11:961-972.
Hewitt C.N, 2009, Biogenic volatile organic compounds in the Earth system, New
Phytologist, 183: 27–51.
Hewitt C.N. Kok G.L. Fall R, 1999, Hydroperoxides in plants exposed to ozone
mediate air pollution damage to alkene emitters, Nature, 344, 56 – 58.
Hippeli S. Elstner E.F, 1996, Mechanisms of oxygen activation during plant stress:
biochemical effects of air pollutants, Journal of Plant Physiology, 148: 249–
257.
Hiscox J.D. Israelstam G.F, 1979, A method for the extraction of chlorophyll from leaf
tissue without maceration, canadian journal of botany, 57: 1332-1334.
Hoigné J. Bader H, 1976, The role of hydroxyl radical reactions in ozonation
processes in aqueous solutions, Water Res 10: 377–386.
Holmes H. H. and Daniels. F, 1934, The photolysis of Nitrogen Oxides: N2O5, N2O4
and NO2, Journal of American Chemical society, 56 (3), 630-637.
Hoque R.R. Khillare P.S. Agarwal T. Shridhar V. Balachandran S, 2008, Spatial and
temporal variation of BTEX in the urban atmosphere of Delhi, India, Science
of the total environment, 392: 30-40.
Houimli S.I.M. Denden M. Mouhandes B.D, 2010, Effects of 24-epibrassinolide on
growth, chlorophyll, electrolyte leakage and proline by pepper plants under
NaCl Stress, EurAsian Journal of Biosciences, 4: 96-104.
Hughes K., Meek, M.E. & Bartlett, S, 1994, Benzene: Evaluation of risks to health
from environmental exposure in Canada, Environmental carcinogenesis and
ecotoxicology reviews, C12:161–171.
Hussain I. Khan L. Marwat G.A, 2011, Analysis of Vitamin C in Selected Medicinal
Plants, Journal of Chemical Society of Pakistan, 33(2): 260-262.
Iriti M, Faoro R (2009) Chemical diversity and defense metabolism: How plants cope
with pathogens and ozone pollution. Int J Mol Sci 10: 3371-3399.
Iriti M. Faoro F, 2011, Chemical Diversity and Defence Metabolism: How Plants
Cope with Pathogens and Ozone Pollution, International Journal of Molecular
Science, 10: 3371-3399.
Jacob
M.B.
Hochheiser
J.B,
1958,
Continuous
sampling
and
ultramicrodetermination of nitrogen dioxide in air, Journal of Analytical
Chemistry, 30, 426-428.
192
References
Jenkin M.E. Clemitshaw K.C, 2000, Ozone and other secondary photochemical
pollutants: chemical processes governing their formation in the planetary
boundary layer, Atmospheric Environment, 34, 2499–2527.
Jenkin M.E. Saunders S.M. Pilling M.J, 1997, The tropospheric degradation of
volatile organic compounds, A protocol for mechanism development,
Atmospheric Environment, 31 (1), 81–104.
Jha P. Ali A. Raghuram N, 2007, Nitrate-Induction of Nitrate Reductase and its
Inhibition by Nitrite and Ammonium Ions, in Spirulina platensis, Physiology
and Molecular Biology of Plants, 13(2): 163-167.
Joshi N. Chauhan A. Joshi P.C, 2009, Impact of Industrial air pollutants on some
biochemical parameters and yield in wheat and mustard plants,
Environmentalist, 29:398-404.
Jyothi J.J. Jaya D.S, 2010, Evaluation of air pollution tolerance index of selected
plant species along roadsides in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, Journal of
Environmental Biology, 31: 379-386.
Kalyani Y. Singaracharya M.A, 1995, Biomonitoring of air pollution in Warangal
city, Andhra Pradesh, Acta Botanica indica, 23(1): 21-24.
Kammerbauer H. Selinger H. Römmelt R. Ziegler-Jöns A. Knoppik D. Hock B, 1986,
Toxic effects of exhaust emissions on spruce Picea abies and their reduction
by the catalytic converter, Environmental Pollution 42 (Series A) (2),133-142.
Kammerbauer H. Selinger H. Römmelt R. Ziegler-Jöns A. Knoppik D. Hock, B,
1987, Toxic components of motor vehicle emissions for the spruce Picea abies,
Environmental Pollution, 48: 235-243.
Kammerbauer H. Ziegler-Joens A. Selinger H. Knoppik D. Hock B, 1987a, Exposure
of Norway spruce at the highway border: effects on gas exchange and growth,
Experientia, 43:1124–1125.
Karacic V. Skeder L. Bosner-Cucancic B. Bogadi-Sare A, 1995, Possible genotoxicity
in low level benzene exposure, American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 27,
379–388.
Karlik, J. F. Winer A. M, 2001, Measured isoprene emission rates of plants in
California landscapes: Comparison to estimates from taxonomic
relationships, Atmospheric Environment, 35, 1123–1131.
Karthiyayini R. Ponnammal N.R. Joseph R, 2005, Air pollution tolerance index of
certain plants of Coimbatore - Ooty highways, near I.T,I area, Coimbatore,
Tamil Nadu, Poll Res., 24 (4) : 801-803.
193
References
Karuppanapandian T. Moon J.C. Kim C. Manoharan K. Kim W, 2011, Reactive
oxygen species in plants: their generation, signal transduction and scavenging
mechanisms, Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5(6): 709-725.
Kathuria V, 2002, Vehicular pollution control in Delhi, Economic and Political
Weekly, 40, 1907–1915.
Kathuria V, 2004, Impact of CNG on Vehicular Pollution in Delhi: A Note,
Transportation Research Part D, Trans-port and Environment, Vol. 9, No. 5,
409-417.
Keller T. Schwager H, 1977, Air Pollution and Ascorbic acid, European Journal of
Forest Pathology, 7:338-350.
Keymeulen R. Schamp, N. Van Langenhove H, 1993, Factors affecting airborne
monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon uptake by plants Atmos. Environ. 27a (2),
175-180.
Khaiwal R. Wauters E. Tyagi S. Suman M. Grieken R. V, 2006, Assessment of Air
Quality after the Implemen-tation of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) as Fuel
in Public Transport in Delhi, India, Environmental Monitoring and
Assessment, Vol. 115, No. 1-3, 405-417.
Khan J.A. Tewari S, 2011, A Study on Antibacterial Properties of Rosa indica against
Various Pathogens, Asian Journal of Plant Science and Research, 1 (1): 223022
Lal S. Naja M. Subbaraya B.H, 2000, Seasonal variations in surface ozone and its
precursors over an urban site in India, Atmospheric Environment,. 34, 2713–
2724.
Khemani L.T. Momin G. A. Rao P S.P. Vijaykumar R. Safai P. D, 1995, Study of
surface ozone behavior at urban and forested sites in India, Atmosphere
Environment, 29 (16), 2021–2024.
Khillare P.S. Hoque R.R. Shridhar V. Agarwal T. Balachandran S, 2008, Temporal
variability of benzene concentration in the ambient air of Delhi: a
comparative assessment of pre – and post – CNG periods, Journal of
Hazardous Materials, 154(1-3): 1013 – 1018.
Klemm O. Ziomas I.C, 1998, Urban Emissions measured with Aircraft, Journal of Air
& Waste Management Association, 48:16-25.
Kn¨oppel H. Versino B. Peil A. Schauenburg H. Vissers H, 1981, Quantitative
determination of terpenes emitted by conifers, in: Proceedings of the 2nd
European symposium on physicochemical behaviour of atmospheric
pollutants, Varese, Italy, September 29 October 2001, Joint Research Center,
Ispra, 89–98, 1981.
194
References
Köksal M. Zimmer I. Schnitzler J.-P. Christianson D.W, 2010, Structure of isoprene
synthase illuminates the chemical mechanism of teragram atmospheric carbon
emission, Journal of Molecular Biology, 402, 363–373.
Kotzias D. Hjorth J. L. Skov H, 1989, A chemical mechanism for dry deposition – the
role of biogenic hydrocarbon (terpene: emissions in the dry deposition of O3,
SO2 and NOx in forest areas, Toxicological Environmental Chemistry, 20–21,
95–99.
Krupa S.V. Manning W.J, 1988, Atmospheric Ozone: Formation and effects on
Vegetation, Vol. 50, 101-137.
Krzyscina J. Krizanb P. Jaroslawskia J, 2007, Long term changes in the tropospheric
column from the ozone soundings over Europe, Atmospheric Environment, 41:
606-616.
Kuddus M. Kumari R. Ramteke P.W, 2011, Studies on air pollution tolerance of
selected plants in Allahabad City, India, E3 Journal of Environmental
Research and Management, 2(3): 042-046.
Kumar N. Foster A, 2009, Air Quality Interventions and spatial dynamics of air
pollution in Delhi and its surroundings, International Journal of Environment
and Waste Management, 4(1/2): 85-111.
Kumar P. and Mohan D, 2002, Photochemical smog: mechanism, ill effects and
control, TERI Information Digest on Energy and Environment, 1(3): 445-456.
Kumari S. Ghosh C. Jayaraman G, 2012, Analysis of long term Ozone trend over
Delhi and its Meteorological adjustment, International Journal of
Environmental Science and Technology (Accepted).
Lakušić B. Popov V. Runjajić-Antić D, 2007, Morphoanatomical characteristics of
the raw materials of the herbal drug Olivae folium and its counterfeits,
Archives of Biological Sciences, Belgrade 59: 187-192.
Lal S, 2007, Trace Gases over the Indian Region, Indian Journal of Radio and Space
Physics, 36: 556-570.
Lal S, 2010, Atmospheric Trace Gases In: SERC School on “Atmospheric Chemistry
and Air Pollution”, 2-22 March, 2010, National Physical Laboratory, Pusa,
Delhi, 63-80.
Larcher W, 1995, Physiological Plant Ecology, Berlin, Springer. Leaves, Plant
Physiology, 58(4): 505–509.
Lee S.C. Chiu M.Y. Ho K.F. Zou S.C. Wang X, 2002, Volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) in urban atmosphere of Hong Kong, Chemosphere, 48: 375–382.
195
References
Lee S.D, 1985, Evaluation of Scientific Basis For Ozone (oxidants), Air Pollution
Control Association, Pittsburg, PA.
Leong S.T, Muttamara S. Laortanakul P, 2002, Influence of benzene emission from
motorcycles on Bangkok air quality, Atmospheric Environment, 36, 651–661.
Lewin S, 1976, Vitamin C: its molecular biology and medical potential, Academic
Press, London, New York, San Francisco. Chapter 4: Biological Activity and
Potential.
Liu C. Xu Y. Du Y. Gua H, 2000, Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds
concentration and variation trends in the air of Changchun NE of China,
Atmospheric Environment, 34: 4459–4466.
Liu S.C. Trainer M. Fehsenfeld F.C. Parrish D.D. Williams E.J. Fahey D.W. Hubler
G. Murphy P. C, 1987, Ozone production in the rural troposphere and the
implications for regional and global ozone distributions, Journal of
Geophysical Research, 92, 4191–4207.
Liua Y. Mub Y. Zhub Y Dinga H. Arensc N.C, 2007, Which ornamental plant species
effectively remove benzene from indoor air?, Atmospheric Environment, 41,
650–654.
Lodovici M. Bigagli E, 2011, Oxidative Stress and Air Pollution Exposure, Journal of
Toxicology, Article ID 487074: 1-9.
Loreto F. Forster A. Durr M. Cisky O. Seufert G, 1998, On the monoterpene emission
under heat stress and on the increased thermotolerance of leaves of Quercus
ilex L. fumigated with selected monoterpenes, Plant, Cell & Environment, 21,
101–107.
Loreto F. Schnitzler J.P, 2010, Abiotic stresses and induced BVOCs: a review, Trends
in Plant Science, 15: 154–166.
Lovett G.M. Tear T.M. Evers D.C. Findlay S.E.G. Cosby B.J. Dunscomb J.K.
Driscoll C.T. Weathers K.C, 2009, Effects of Air Pollution on Ecosystems and
Biological Diversity in the Eastern United States, Annals of New York
Academy of Sciences, 1162: 99-135.
Lui Y.J. Ding H, 2008, Variation in air pollution tolerance index of plants near a
steel factroy, Impication for landscape plants species selection for industrial
areas, WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development, 4, 24-32.
Lüttke J. Levsen K. Scheer V. Wünsch G. Cape J.N. Hargreaves K.J. Storeton-West,
R.L. Acker K.. Wieprecht W. Jones B.V, 1997, Occurrence and formation of
nitrated phenols in and out of cloud, Atmospheric Environment, 16:26372648.
196
References
Majumdar D. Mukherjee A.K. Sen S, 2011, BTEX in an Ambient air of Metropolitan
city, Journal of Environmental Protection, 2: 11-20.
Manabe S. Izumikawa S. Asakuno K. Wada O. Kanai Y, 1991, Detection of
Carcinogenic Amino-α-Carbolines and Amino-⅟-Carbolines in Diesel Exhaust Particles, Environment Pollution, 70, 255-265.
Mehler A.H, 1951, Studies on reactions of illuminated chloroplasts. I. Mechanisms of
the reductions of oxygen and other Hill reagents, Arch Biochem Biophys 33:
65–77.
Middleton J.T, 1961, Photochemical Air Pollution Damage to Plants, Annual Review
of Plant Physiology, 12: 431-448.
Middleton J.T. Kendrick J.B. Schwalm H.W, 1950, Injury to herbaceous plants by
smog or air pollution, Plant Disease Report, 34: 245-252.
Millan M. Salvador R. Mantilla T, 1996, Meteorology and Photochemical Air
Pollution in Southern Europe: Experimental results from EC Research
Projects, Atmospheric Environment, 30(12): 1909-1924.
Ministry of Environment & Forests, 2000, Environmental Standards for Ambient Air,
Automobiles, Fuels, Industries and Noise, 1-119.
Mithofer A. Boland W, 2012, Plant Defense Against Herbivores: Chemical Aspects,
Annual Review of Plant Biology, 63:431–450.
MOEF, 1997, White Paper on Air Pollution on Delhi with an Action Plan, Ministry of
Environment and Forests, Delhi.
MOEF/CPCB, 2011, Air quality monitoring, emission inventory and source
apportionment study for Indian cities, National Summary report.
Mohamed M.F. Kang D. Aneja V.P, 2002, Volatile organic compounds in some
urban locations in United States, Chemosphere, 47: 863–882.
Mohan M. Dagar L. Gurjar B.R, 2007, Preparation and validation of Gridded
Emission Inventory of criteria Air Pollutants and identification of Emission
Hotspots for Megacity Delhi, Environ Monit Assess, 130:323-339.
MohanRao A.M. Pandit G.C. Sain P. Sharma S. Krishnamoorthy T.M. Nambi K.S.V,
1997, Non methane hydrocarbons in industrial locations of Mumbai,
Atmospheric Environment, 31(7): 1077–1085.
Molazem D. Qurbanov E.M. Dunyamaliyev S.A, 2010, Role of Proline, Na and
Chlorophyll Content in Salt Tolerance of Corn (Zea mays L.). AmericanEurasian Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Science. 9(3): 319-324.
197
References
Molina M.J. Molina M.T, 2004, Megacities and Atmospheric Pollution, Journal of Air
& Waste Management Association, 54:644-680.
Moller I.M. Jensen P.E. Hansson A. Oxidative modifications to cellular components
in plants, Annu. Rev. Plant Biol, 58 (2007) 459-481.
Monod A. Sive B.C. Avino P. Chen T. Blake D.R. Rowland F.S, 2001,
Monoaromatic compounds in ambient air of various cities: A focus on
correlations between the xylenes and ethylbenzene, Atmospheric
Environment, 35:135–149.
Monson R.K. Harley P.C. Litvak M.E. Widermuth M. Guenther A. Zimmerman P.R.
Fall R, 1994, Environmental and developmental controls over the seasonal
pattern of isoprene emission from aspen leaves, Oecologia, 99: 266-270.
Monson R.K. Jaeger C.H. Adams W.W. Driggers E.M. Silver G.M. Fall R, 1992,
Relationships among isoprene emission rate, photosynthesis and isoprene
synthase activity as influenced by temperature, Plant Physiology, 98: 11751180.
Monson R.K. Jones R.T. Rosenstiel T.N. Schnitzler J.P, 2012, Why only some plants
emit isoprene, Plant, Cell & Environment, doi: 10.1111/pce.12015.
Monson R.K. Trahan N. Rosenstiel T.N. Veres P. Moore D. Wilkinson M. Norby R.J.
Volder A. Tjoelker M.G. Briske D.D. Karnosky D.F. Fall R, 2007, Isoprene
emission from terrestrial ecosystems in response to global change: minding
the gap between models and observations, Philosophical Transactions of the
Royal Society A Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 365, 1677–
1695.
Moschonas N. Glavas S, 1996, C3-C10 hydrocarbons in the atmosphere of Athens,
Greece, Atmospheric Environment, 30, 2769–2772.
Mukherjee S. Kathuria V, 2006, Is Economic Growth Sustainable? Environmental
Quality of Indian States after 1991, International Journal of Sustainable
Development, Vol. 57, No. 3 477-493.
Mutters R.G. Madore M. Bytnerowicz A, 1993, Formaldehyde exposure affects
growth and metabolism of common bean, Journal of the Air and Waste
Management Association, 43: 113–116.
NAAQS, 2009, National Ambient Air Quality Standards Notification, Central
Pollution
Control
Board,No.B-29016/20/90/PCI-L,
3(4):url:http://cpcb.nic.in/upload/latest/latest_48_FINAL_AIR_Standard.PDF
Naja M. Akimoto H. Staehelin J, 2003, Ozone in Background and Photochemically
Aged Air over Central Europe: analysis of long-term ozonesonde data from
Hohenpeissenberg and Payerne, Journal of Geophysical Research, 108, 4063.
198
References
Nakajima D. Teshima T. Ochiai M. Tabata M. Suzuki J. Suzuki S, 1994,
Determination of 1-nitropyrein retains in leaves in road side trees, Bulletin of
Environmental Contamination Toxicology, 53:888-894.
Narain U. Krupnick A, 2007, The Impact of Delhi’s CNG Program on Air Quality,
Resources of the Future, 6-7.
Natangelo M. Mangiapan S. Bagnati R. Benfenati E. Fanelli R, 1999, Increased
concentrations of nitrophenols in leaves from a damaged forestal site,
Chemosphere, 38: 1495–1503.
NDMC (New Delhi Municipal Corporation), 1992, Traffic management scheme for
India Gate area, Final Technical Report June, New Delhi.
Niinemets U. Loreto F. Reichstein M, 2004, Physiological and physicochemical
controls on foliar volatile organic compounds emissions, Trends in Plant
Science, 9(4): 1360-1385.
Nordlinder, R. & Ljungkvist, G, 1992, Benzene exposure at service stations, an
occupational and environmental problem, In: Brown, R. H. et al., ed. Clean air
at work: new trends in assessment and measurement for the 1990s.
Proceedings of an International Symposium, Luxembourg, 9–13 September
1991. Cambridge, Royal Society of Chemistry, 1992 (Special Publication No.
108), 93–95.
Noyes W. A. and Leighton P. A, 1941, The Photochemistry of Gases, Reinhold
Publishing Corp., New York, N.Y., 400.
Nugrahani P. Prasetyawati E.T. Sugijanto Purnobasuki H, 2012, Ornamental Shrubs
as Plant Palettes Elements and Bioindicators Based on Air Pollution
Tolerance Index Surbaya City, Indonesia, Asian Journal of Experimental
Biological Science, 3(2): 298-302.
Nylund N. Erkkilä K, 2004, Transit Bus Emission Study: Comparison Of Emissions
From Diesel And Natural Gas Buses, Paper presented at the NGV 2004,
Buenos Aires.
Odum J.R. Jungkamp T.P.W. Griffin R.J. Forstner H.J.L. Flagan R.C. Seinfeld J.H,
1997, Aromatics, reformulated gasoline, and atmospheric organic aerosol
formation, Environmental Science and Technology, 31: 1890–1897.
Ogawa T. Takenaka C. Tezuka T, 1988, Response of antioxidant enzymes to mist
containing sulphuric or organic acids in Hinoki Cypress (Chamaecyparis
obtusa) seedlings, Environmental sciences, 6, 185-196.
Oliver M.J. Guo L. Alexander D.C. Ryals J.A. Wone B.W.M. Cushman J.C, 2011, A
Sister Group Contrast Using Untargeted Global Metabolomic Analysis
Delineates the Biochemical Regulation Underlying Desiccation Tolerance in
Sporobolus stapfianus, The Plant Cell, 23: 1231-1248.
199
References
Owen S. Boissard C. Street R. Duckham S. Csky O. Hewitt C.N, 1997, Screening of
18 Mediterranean plant species for VOC emissions, Atmospheric
Environment, 31: 101-118.
Owen S.M. Pen˜uelas J, 2005 Opportunistic emissions of volatile isoprenoids, Trends
in Plant Science, 10: 420–426.
Padhy P.P. Varshney C.K, 2000, Total non methane volatile organic compounds in
the atmosphere of Delhi, Atmospheric Environment, 34: 577–584.
Pal C, 2010, Variability of total ozone over India and its adjoining regions during
1997-2008, Atmospheric Environment, 44(15): 1927-1936.
Pandis S. N. Paulson S. E. Seinfeld J. H. Flagan R. C, 1991, Aerosol formation in the
photooxidation of isoprene and β-pinene, Atmospheric Environment, 25, 997–
1008.
Pasqualini S. Batini P. Ederli L, 2001, Effects of short-term ozone fumigation on
tobacco plants: response of the scavenging system and expression of the
glutathione reductase, Plant Cell Environment, 24:245-252.
Peavy H .S. Rowe D .R. and Tchobanoglous G, 1985, Environmental Engineering,
New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 458–463.
Pen˜uelas J. Llusia J, 2003, BVOCs: plant defense against climate warming?, Trends
in Plant Science, 8(3): 105-109.
Pfeffer HU. Friesel J. Elbers G. Beier R. Ellermann K, 1995, Air pollution monitoring
in street canyons in North Rhine–Westphalia, Germany. Science of the total
environment, 169: 7–15.
Pichersky E. Sharkey T.D. Gershenzon J, 2006, Plant volatiles: a lack of function or a
lack of knowledge?, Trends in Plant Science, 11: 421–421.
Planning Department, 2012, Government of Delhi, 1-214.
Possanzini M. Di Palo V. Cecinato A, 2002, Sources and photodecomposition of
formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in Rome ambient air, Atmospheric
Environment, 36, 3195–3201.
Possell M. Nicholas Hewitt C. Beerling D.J, 2005, The effects of glacial atmospheric
CO2 concentrations and climate on isoprene emissions by vascular plants,
Global Change Biology, 11: 60–69.
Priyanka C. Dibyendu B, 2009, Biomonitoring of Air Quality in the Industrial Town
of Asansol using the Air Pollution Tolerance Index Approach, Research
Journal of Chemistry and Environment, 13(1): 46-51.
200
References
Radhapriya P. NavaneethaGopalakrishnan A. Malini P. Ramachandran A, 2012,
Assessment of air pollution tolerance levels of selected plants around cement
industry, Coimbatore, India, Journal of Environmental Biology, 33: 635-641.
Rai M.K. Kalia R.K. Singh R. Gangola M.P. Dhawan A.K, 2011, Developing Stress
Tolerant Plants through in vitro selection- An overview of recent progress,
Environmental and Experimental Biology, 71: 89-98.
Rani B. Singh U. Chuhan A.K. Sharma D. Maheshwari R, 2011, Photochemical smog
pollution and its mitigation measures, Journal of Advanced Scientific
Research, 2(4): 28-33.
Rao D.N. Leblanc F, 1966, Effects of SO2 on lichen algae with special reference to
chlorophyll, Biologist, 69:69-95.
Rao P.I. Kanchan P.K. Nanda P.K, 2007, GIS Based Maintainence Management
System (GMMS) for Major Roads of Delhi, Map of India 2006:
Transportation, GIS development, 1-21.
Rao S. T. Zurbenko I. G. Neagu R. Porter P. S. Ku J. Y. Henry R. F, 1997, Space and
Time Scales in Ambient Ozone Data, Bulletin of the American Meteorological
Society, Vol. 78, No. 10, 2153-2166.
Rao D.N, 1979, Plant leaf as pollution monitoring device. Fertilizer News, 25-28.
Rasmussen R. A, 1972, What do hydrocarbons from trees contribute to air pollution,
Journal of Air & Waste Management Association, 22, 537–542.
Ravindra K. Wauters E. Taygi S.K. Mor S. Grieken R.V, 2005, Assessment of air
quality after the implementation of CNG as fuel in public transport in Delhi,
India, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 115, 405–417.
Recommendations, CSE, New Delhi.
Report of the Working Group on Petroleum and Natural gas (PNG) sector for
eleventh Plan, 2007-12.
Ribas A. Penuelas J, 2003, Biomonitoring of tropospheric ozone phytotoxicity in rural
Catalonia, Atmospheric Environment, 37:63-71.
Rinsky R.A. Smith A.B. Hornung R. Fillioon T.G. Young R.J. Okun A, 1987,
Benzene and leukemia: an epidemiological risk assessment, The New England
Journal of Medicine, 316, 1044–1050.
Rippen G. Zietz E. Frank R. Knacker T. Klopffer W, 1987, Do airborne nitrophenols
contribute to forest decline, Environmental Technology Letters, 8:475-482.
Robertson C, 2006, Atmospheric Pollutants in and around Manchester, United
Kingdom, Physics with Meteorology Senior Honours Project, 1-39.
201
References
Rodriguez-Concepción M, 2010, Supply of precursors for carotenoid biosynthesis in
plants, Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 504 (SI), 118–122.
Romieu I. Giner-Castro F. Kunzli N. Sunyer J, 2008, Air pollution, oxidative stress
and dietary supplementation: a review, European Respiratory Journal, 31:
179-196.
Roth-Nebelsick A. Hassiotou F. Veneklaas E.J, 2009, Stomatal crypts have small
effects on transpiration: a numerical model analysis, Plant Physiol, 151:
2018-2027.
Rowland A.J. Drew M.C. Wellburn A.R, 1987, Foliar Entry and Incorporation of
Atmospheric Nitrogen dioxide into Barley Plants of Different Nitrogen Status,
New Phytologist, 139: 357-371.
Roy S.D. Beig G. Ghude S.D, 2009, Exposure-plant response of ambient ozone over
the tropical Indian region, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 9: 5253-5260.
Royal Society, 2008, Ground-level Ozone in the 21st Century: Future Trends,
Impacts and Policy Implications, Science Policy Report 15/08, The Royal
Society, London.
Roychowdhury A, 2010, CNG programmes in India: The Future Challenges, Fact
Sheet Series, Centre for Science and Environment, 1-37.
Ruddy E.N. Carroll L.A, 1993, Select the best VOC control strategy, Chemical
Engineering Progress, 89: 28.
Runeckles V.C. Palmer K, 1987, Pretreatment with Nitrogen dioxide Modifies Plant
response to Ozone, Atmospheric Environment, 21:717 – 19.
Sadanaga Y. Matsumoto J. Kajii Y, 2003, Photochemical reactions in the urban air:
Recent understandings of radical chemistry, Journal of Photochemistry and
Photobiology C: Photochemistry Reviews, 4:85-104.
Sadeghian M.M. Mortazaienezhad F, 2012, Selection and identification of air
pollution-tolerant plants by air pollution tolerance index (APTI) in urban
parks of Isfahan, Iran, African Journal of Biotechnology, Vol. 11(55), 1182611829.
Sajjadinia A. Ershadi A. Hokmabadi H Khayyat M. Gholami M, 2010, Gas exchange
activities and relative water content at different fruit growth and
developmental stages of ON and OFF cultivated pistachio trees, Australian
Journal of Agricultural Engineering 1(1): 1-6.
Sanderson M.G. Jones C.D. Collins W.J. Johnson C.E. Derwent R.G, 2003, Effect of
climate change on isoprene emissions and surface ozone levels, Geophysical
Research Letters, 30 (18): 1936.
202
References
Saraf N. Beig G. Schultz M, 2003, Tropospheric distribution of ozone and its
precursor over the tropical Indian ocean, Geophysical Research, 108, ACH 41 to ACH 4-9.
Satsangi G.S. Lakhani A. Kulshrestha P.R. Taneja A, 2004, Seasonal and Diurnal
Variation of Surface Ozone and a Preliminary Analysis of Exceedance of its
Critical Levels at a Semi-Arid Site in India, Journal of Atmospheric
Chemistry, 47: 271–286.
Sauter J.J. Kammerbauer H. Pambor L. Hock B, 1987, Evidence for the accelerated
micromorphological degradation of epistomatal waxes in Norway spruce by
motor-vehicle emissions, European Journal of Forest Pathology, 17: 444–448.
Saxena P. Bhardwaj R. Ghosh C, 2010, Plant Species Recommended for Greenbelt
Development at Selected Areas of Delhi, In: 4th International Conference on
Plants & Environmental Pollution organized by NBRI, Lucknow, 8th – 11th
Dec. 2010.
Saxena P. Bhardwaj R. Ghosh C, 2011, A Sustainable Way to Control Air Pollutants
With the Use of Plant Species at Selected Areas in Delhi, Fresenius
Environmental Bulletin, 20(10a): 2662-2669.
Saxena P. Bhardwaj R. Ghosh C, 2012, Status of Air Pollutants after Implementation
of CNG in Delhi, Current World Environment, 7(1), 109-115.
Saxena P. Ghosh C, 2010, Status of Tropospheric ozone and other primary air
pollutants after the implementation of CNG in Delhi, Asian Journal of
Chemistry, 22(10): 7498 -7506
Saxena P. Ghosh C, 2011, Variation in the concentration of ground level ozone at
selected sites in Delhi, International Journal of environmental Sciences, 1(7):
1899-1911.
Saxena P. Ghosh C, 2012, A Review of Assessment of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene
and Xylene (BTEX) concentration in urban atmosphere of Delhi, International
Journal of Physical Sciences, 7(6): 850-860.
Schnitzler J.P. Arenz R. Steinbrecher R. Lehning A, 1996, Characterization of an
isoprene synthase from leaves of Quercus petracea Liebl, Botanica Acta, 109:
216 – 221.
Schwender J. Zeidler J. Groner R. Muller C. Focke M. Braun S, 1997, Incorporation
of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose into isoprene and phytol by higher plants and algae,
FEBS Letters, 414: 129–134.
Sehgal M. Suresh R. Sharma V.P. Gautam S.K, 2011, Variations in air quality at
filling stations, Delhi, India, International Journal of Environmental studies,
68(6): 845-849.
203
References
Seinfeld J.H, 1986, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics of Air Pollution, Wiley
Interscience, New York.
Seinfeld J.H. Pandis S.N, 1998, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: from Air
Pollution to Climate Change, Wiley, New York.
SFR, 2005, State of Forest Report, Forest survey of India, Government of India:
Ministry of environment and forest.
Shaner D.L. Boyer J.S, 1976, Nitrate Reductase Activity in Maize (Zea mays L.)
Sharkey T, 1996, Emission of low molecular mass hydrocarbons from plants, Trends
in Plant Science, 1: 78-82.
Sharkey T.D. & Singsaas E.L, 1995, Why plants emit isoprene, Nature, 374, 769–769.
Sharkey T.D. Singsaas E.L. Vanderveer P.J. Geron C.D, 1996, Field measurements of
isoprene emission from trees in response to temperature and light, Tree
Physiology, 16: 649–654.
Sharkey T.D. Yeh S. Wiberley A.E. Falbel T.G. Gong D. Fernandez D.E, 2005,
Evolution of the isoprene biosynthetic pathway in kudzu, Plant Physiology,
137, 700–712.
Sharkey T.D. Yeh S.S, 2001, Isoprene emission from plants, Annual Reviewof Plant
Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 52, 407–436.
Sharkey T.D.Wiberley A.E. Donohue A.R, 2008, Isoprene emission from plants: why
and how?, Annals of Botany, 101: 5–18.
Shea P.J. Weber J.B. Overcash M.R, 1983, Biological activities of 2,4-dinitrophenol
in plant-soil systems, Residue Reviews, 87:1–41.
Shirazi A.M. Muir P.S, 1998, In vitro effect of formaldehyde on Douglas fir pollen
Plant Cell and Environment, 21: 341–346.
Shirley T.R. Brune W.H. Ren X. Mao J. Lesher R. Cardenas B. Volkamer R. Molina
L.T. Molina M.J. Lamb B. Velasco E. Jobson T. Alexander M, 2006,
Atmospheric oxidation in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) during
April 2003, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 6, 2753–2765.
Shneider P. Gebefugi I. Richter K. Wolke G. Schnelle J. Wichmann H.E. Heinrich J,
2001, Indoor and outdoor BTX levels in German cities, The Science of Total
Environment, 267:41–51.
Silver G.M. Fall R, 1991, Enzymatic synthesis of isoprene from dimethylallyl
diphosphate in aspen leaf extracts, Plant Physiology, 97: 1588–1591.
204
References
Sincero A. P. P. Sincero G. A, 1999, Enviromental engineering: a design approach,
New Jersy: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Singh A.K. Tomer N. Jain C.L, 2012, Concentration of Volatile Organic
Compounds (VOCs) in Urban atmosphere of National capital Delhi, India,
International Journal of Pharmaceutical, Chemical and Biological Sciences,
2(2): 159-165.
Singh H.B. Salas L.J. Cantrell B.K. Redmond R.M, 1985, Distribution of aromatic
hydrocarbons in the ambient air, Atmospheric Environment, 19 (11), 1911–
1919.
Singh H.B. Zimmerman P.B, 1992, Atmospheric distributions and sources of
nonmethane hydrocarbons, in: J.O. Nriagu (Ed.), Gaseous Pollutants:
Characterization and Cycling, Wiley, New York, USA, 177–225
Singh R. Shukla A. Gangopadhyay S. and Adhikary S, 2010, A Pilot Study of Benzene
in Different Corridors of Delhi, Indian Journal of Air Pollution Control, X (1):
21-24.
Singh R. Singh A.P. Singh M.P. Kumar A. Varshney C.K, 2008, Emission of isoprene
from common Indian Plant species and its implication for regional air quality,
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 144: 43-51.
Singh S.K. Rao D.N, 1983, Evaluation of plants for their tolerance to air pollution,
In, Proceedings Symposium on Air Pollution Control, New Delhi India, 1,
218-224.
Sitaras I.E. Bakeas E.B. Siskos P.A, 2004, Gas-particle partitioning of seven volatile
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a heavy traffic urban area, Science of
Total Environment, 327, 249–264.
Smith W.H, 1974, Air Pollution effects on the structure and function of the temperate
forest ecosystem, Environmental Pollution, 6: 111-129.
Spellberg I.P, 1991, Monitoring Ecological change, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge
University press: 334.
Squier S.A. Taylor G. Selvidge W.J. Gunderson C.A, 1985, Effect of ethylene and
related hydrocarbons on carbon assimilation and transpiration in herbaceous
and woody species, Environmental Science and Technology, 19: 432–437.
Srivastava A. Joseph A.E. Devotta S, 2006, Volatile organic compounds in ambient
air of Mumbai-India, Atmospheric Environment, 40: 892–903.
Srivastava A. Joseph A.E. Patil S. More A. Dixit R.C. Prakash M, 2005, Air toxics in
ambient air of Delhi, Atmospheric Environment, 39: 59–71.
205
References
Stark C.H. Richards K.G, 2008, The Continuing challenge of Agricultural Nitrogen
Loss to the Environment in the Context of Global Change and Advancing
Research, Dynamic Soil, Dynamic Plant, 2(1): 1-12.
Statistical Abstract of Delhi, 2012, Government of NCT of Delhi, 1-175.
Steinbrecher R. Hauff K. Rabong R. Steinbrecher J, 1997, Isoprenoid emission of oak
species typical for the Mediterranean area: sources, strength and controlling
variables, Atmospheric Environment, 31: 145-156.
Street R.A. Duckham S. Hewitt C.N, 1996, Laboratory and field studies of biogenic
VOC emissions from Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensisbong) in the UK, Journal of
Geophysical Research, 101: 22799-22806.
Streicher H.Z. Gabow P.A. Moss A.H. Kono D. Keaehny W.D, 1981, Syndromes of
Toluene sniffing in adults, Annals of Internal Medicine, 94(6): 758-762.
Suge H, 1971, Stimulation of oat and rice mesocotyl growth by ethylene, Plant and
Cell Physiology, 12: 831–837.
Sulistijorini, Mas’ud Z.A. Nasrullah N. Bey A, Tjitrosemito S, 2008, Tolerance
Levels Of Roadside Trees To Air Pollutants Based On Relative Growth Rate
And Air Pollution Tolerance Index, Hayati Journal Of Biosciences, 123-129,
Vol. 15.
Swami A. Bhatt D. Joshi P.C, 2004, Effects of automobile pollution on sal (Shorea
robusta) and rohini (Mallotus phillipinensis) at Asarori, Dehradun,
Himalayan Journal of Environment and Zoology, 18(1): 57-61.
Talapatra A. Srivastava A, 2011, Ambient Air Non-Methane Volatile Organic
Compound (NMVOC) Study Initiatives in India – A Review, Journal of
Environment Protection, 2: 21-36.
Talapatra A. Srivastava A, 2011, Ambient Air Non-Methane Volatile Organic
Compound (NMVOC) Study Initiatives in India – A Review, Journal of
Environment Protection, 2: 21-36.
Tamsanya N. Chungpaibulpatana S, 2009, Influence of driving cycles on exhaust
emissions and fuel consumption of gasoline passenger car in Bangkok, Journal
of Environmental Sciences, 21: 604-611.
Tao Z. Jain A.K, 2005, Modeling of global biogenic emissions for key indirect
greenhouse gases and their response to atmospheric CO2 increases and
changes in land cover and climate, Journal of Geophysical Research, 110:
D213 - 209.
Taraborelli D. Lawrence M.G. Butler T.M. Sander R. Lelieveld J, 2009, Mainz
Isoprene Mechanism 2 (MIM2): an isoprene oxidation mechanism for
206
References
regional and global atmospheric modelling, Atmospheric Chemistry and
Physics, 9, 2751–2777.
Tchepel O. Penedo A. Gomes M, 2007, Assessment of population exposure to air
pollution by benzene, International Journal of Hygienic Environmental-Health,
210:407-410.
The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), 2004, Fuel Choices for Transport and the
Environment, New Delhi.
The Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP), 2005, PreFeasibility Study for Bus Rapid Transit Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, 1-86.
Thompson A.M. Pickering K.E. McNamara D. P. Schoeberl M.R. Hudson R.D. Kim
J.H. Browell E.V. Kirchhoff V.W.J.H. Nganga D, 1996, Where did
tropospheric ozone over southern Africa and the Tropospheric Atlantic come
from in October 1992? Insights from TOMS, GTE TRACE A, and SAFARI
1992, Journal of Geophysical. Research, 101, 24251–24278.
Tingey D. Manning M. Grothaus L. Burns W. F, 1979, The influence of light and
temperature on isoprene emission rates from live oak, Plant Physiology, 47,
112–118.
TPA, Transport Planners Associates, 1994, Average journey speed, travel time and
delay study on existing road network of Delhi urban area. Final Report, New
Delhi.
Trainer M. Williams E. J. Parrish D. D. Buhr M. P. Allwine E. J. Westberg H. H.
Fehsenfeld F. C. Liu S. C, 1987, Models and observation of the impact of
natural hydrocarbons on rural ozone, Nature, 329, 705–707.
Transport Department: 2007, Government of NCT of Delhi, New Delhi, available at
http://transport.delhigovt.nic.in/.
Tripathi A.K. Gautam M, 2007, Biochemical parameters of plants as indicators of
air pollution, Journal of Environmental Biology, 28, 127-132.
Ugrekhelidze D. Korte F. Kvesitadze G, 1997, Uptake and transformation of benzene
and toluene by plant leaves. Ecotoxicoly and Environment Safety, 37 (1), 2429.
Umebese C.E. Olatimilehin T.O. Ogunsusi T.A, 2009, Salicylic Acid Protects Nitrate
Reductase Activity, Growth and Proline in Amaranth and Tomato Plants
during Water Deficit, American Journal of Agricultural and Biological
Sciences, 4 (3): 224-229.
US Clean Air Act, Amendment, 1990, United Nations Environmental Protection
Agency (USEPA).
207
References
USEPA , 1999, Compendium Method TO-17, EPA/625/R-96/010b.
USEPA, 1990, Cancer Risk from Outdoor Exposure to Air Toxics, PA-450/1-90-004a.
Research Triangle Park, NC, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, 1212.
USEPA, 1999, TO-17 Method, Compendium of Methods for Determination of Toxic
Organic Compounds in Ambient Air, Second Edition, EPA/625/R-96/010b,
17-49.
Vallero D, 2008, Fundamentals of Air Polution, 4th ed. Burlington, MA: Elsevier Inc.
Van der A R.J. Eskes H.J. Boersma K.F. van Noije T.P.C. Van Roozendael M. De
Smedt I. Peters D.H.M.U. Meijer E.W, 2008, Trend, seasonal variability and
dominant NOx source derived from a ten year trend of NO2 measured from
space, Journal of Geophysical Research, 3(4): 332-348.
Varshney C. K. Singh A. P, 2003, Isoprene emission from Indian trees, Journal of
Geophysical Research, 108(D24),4808.
Vautard R. Bessagnet B. Chin M. Menut L, 2005, On the contribution of natural
Aeolian sources to particulate matter concentrations in Europe: Testing
hypotheses with a modeling approach, Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 39,
issue 18, 3291-3303.
Vigliani E. C. Saita G, 1964, Benzene and Leukaemia, The New England Journal of
Medicine 271: 872–876.
Vihma T. Kilpel¨ainen T. Manninen M. Sj¨oblom A. Jakobson E. Palo T. Jaagus J.
Maturilli M, 2011, Characteristics of Temperature and Humidity Inversions
and Low-Level Jets over Svalbard Fjords in Spring, Advances in
Meteorology, Article ID 486807: 1-14.
Viskari E.L, 2000, Epicuticular wax of Norway spruce needles as indicator of
traffic pollutant deposition. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 121: 327–337.
Viskari, E.L. Holopainen, T. Karenlampi, L, 2000a, Responses of spruce seedlings
(Picea abies) to exhaust gas under laboratory conditions—II. Ultrastructural
changes and stomatal behaviour, Environmental Pollution, 107: 99–107.
Viskari, E.L. Surakka, J. Pasanen, P. Mirme, A. Kossi, S. Ruuskanen, J. Holopainen
J.K, 2000b, Responses of spruce seedlings (Picea abies) to exhaust gas under
laboratory conditions—I. Plantinsect interactions, Environmental Pollution,
107: 89–98.
Wallace L.A, 1989, Major sources of benzene exposure, Environmental Health
Perspectives, 82, 165–169.
208
References
Wallington T.J. Kaiser E.W. Farrell J.T, 2006, Automotive fuels and internal
combustion engines: a chemical perspective, Chemical Society Reviews, 35:
335-347.
Wang J. Liu B. Li M. Pan Y, 2010, Identifying protein complexes from interaction
networks based on clique percolation and distance restriction, BMC
Genomics, 11(Suppl 2):S10.
Wang P. Zhao W, 2008, Assessment of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
near major roads in urban Nanjing, China, Atmospheric Research, 89: 28997.
Warneck P, 1988, Chemistry of the Natural Atmosphere, Academic Press, San Diego.
Web link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalbergia_sissoo
Web link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dianthus_caryophyllus
Web link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerium_oleander
Web link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagetes_erecta
Weiss P. Lorbeer G. Stephan C. Svabenicky F, 1997, Short chain aliphatic
halocarbon, trichloroacetic acid and nitrophenols in Spruce needles of
Austrian background forest sites, in, Organic xenobiotics and plants; impact,
metabolism, toxicology, Federal Environment agency, Vienna, Austria.
Wellburn A.R. 1990, Why are atmospheric oxides of nitrogen usually phytotoxic and
not alternative fertilizers?, New Phytol 115:395–429.
Wellburn A.R. Capron T.M. Chan H.S. Horsman D.C, 1976, Biochemical Effect of
Atmospheric Pollutants on Plants, in, Mansfield T.A (Ed.) Effects of Air
Pollutants on Plants. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, London, New
York and Melbourne, 105-114.
Wellburn A.R. Majernik O. Wellburn F.A.M, 1972, Effects of SO2 and NO2 polluted
air upon ultrastructure of chloroplasts, Environment Pollution, 3:37–49.
Westberg H. Lamb B. Kempf K. Allwine G, 2000, Isoprene emission inventory for
the BOREAS southern study area, Tree Physiology, 20, 735–743.
WHO, 1996, World Health Organization Updating and Revision of the Air Quality
Guidelines for Europe Report no. EUR/ICP/EHAZ9405/MT 12 (WHO
Regional Office for Europe, Brussels, 1996).
WHO, 2000, Air quality guidelines for Europe, 2nd edition, Copenhagen: WHO
Regional Publications, European Series, p. 91.
209
References
Wolf A, 1992, GST activity and isozymes in healthy and damaged spruce trees,
Proceedings of the second IMTOX workshop on volatile organic pollutants;
level, fate and ecotoxicological impacts. Garmish Parpenkirken, Germany,
Wissensehafts-Verlag.
Wolkoff P, 1999, How to measure and evaluate volatile organic compound emissions
from building products. A perspective, The Science of Total Environment, 227:
197-213.
World Bank, 2004, Breath of Fresh Air, Washington.
World Bank, 2004, Towards cleaner urban air in south Asia: tackling transport
pollution, understanding sources, Energy Sector Management Assistance
Programme of World Bank and United Nations Development
Programme,Washington DC, USA.
World Population Awareness Report, 2012, Population Dynamics – Countries, 1-516.
Xiaoshan Z. Yujing Mu. Wenzhi S. Yahui Z, 2000, Seasonal variations of isoprene
emissions from deciduous trees, Atmospheric Environment, 34: 3027 – 3032.
Xu,S-J. Liu C.J. Jiang P-a. Cai W-m. Wang Y, 2009, The effects of drying following
heat shock exposure of the desert moss Syntrichia caninervis, Science of Total
Environment, 407: 2411-2419.
Yokouchi Y. Ambe Y, 1985, Aerosols formed from the chemical reaction of
monoterpenes and ozone, Atmospheric Environment, 19, 1271–1276.
Yuan J.S. Himanen J.S. Holopainen J.K. Chen F. Stewart N.C, 2009, Smelling global
climate change: mitigation of function for plant volatile organic compounds,
Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 24(6): 323-331.
Zeevaart A.J, 1974, Induction of Nitrate Reductase by NO2, Acta Botanica
Neerlandica, 23: 345-346.
Zeevart A.J, 1976, Some effects of fumigating plants for short periods with NO2,
Environment Pollution, 11:97–108.
Zhang L. Eastmond D.A. Smith M.T, 2002, The nature of chromosomal aberrations
detected in humans exposed to benzene, Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 32,
1–42.
Ziegler-Jo¨ ns, A. Kammerbauer H. Drenkard, S. Hock B. Knoppik D, 1990, Independent
photosynthetic response of exposed and unexposed twigs of the same spruce tree
to car exhaust, European Journal of Forest Pathology 20: 376–380.
Zimmerman P.R. Chatfield R.B. Fishman J. Crutzen P.J. Hanst P.L, 1978, Estimation
of the production of CO2 and H2 from the oxidation of hydrocarbon emission
from vegetation, Geophysical Research Letter 5, 679–682.
210