Prof. Bikramjit Basu - AOFC-2015

1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ALUMINA AND OTHER FUNCTIONAL CERAMICS
(AOFC-2015)
[Type text]
11th to 13th March, 2015
INVITED SPEAKER
Professor Bikramjit Basu
Laboratory for Biomaterials,
Materials Research Center and Interdisciplinary Bio-Engineering Program,
Indian Institute of Science (IISc),
Bangalore - 560012, India.
Phone: (080) 22933256 (O), Fax : (080) 23607316
E-mail: [email protected]
Bikramjit Basu
(https://sites.google.com/site/bikramiisc/;
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bikramjit_Basu)
Dr. Bikramjit Basu is currently an Associate Professor at
Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Science (IISc),
Bangalore since May, 2011 and also an Adjunct faculty,
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology Kanpur (IIT K), since July, 2014. Born on
September 15, 1973, he obtained his undergraduate and
postgraduate degrees, both in Metallurgical Engineering, from
National Institute of Technology (NIT), Durgapur and IISc in
1995 and 1997, respectively. He earned his PhD in Ceramics at
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium in March, 2001. After a
brief post-doctoral stint at University of California (UCSB), he
joined IIT K in November 2001 as Assistant Professor and
promoted to Full Professor in March, 2012. He has authored/coauthored 211 peer-reviewed research papers with 23 papers in Journal of American Ceramic Society. Hindex of his publications is 28 and a total citation is more than 2821 with 400 plus citations per year
over last three years (512 citations in 2013, source: www.scopus.com). He edited a book on
Biomaterials (2008) and authored two textbooks - one on Structural Ceramics (2011) and the other on
Tribology (2011), all published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. He currently serves on editorial board of 12
SCI journals.
Over last one decade, Professor Bikramjit Basu established state-of-art research facilities in the multidisciplinary
area of Biomaterials, first at IIT Kanpur and later at IISc, Bangalore. He mentored more than 100 undergraduate
students/summer interns, 32 MS/PhD students and 10 young academic colleagues from multiple backgrounds,
including Metallurgy/ Materials Science, Ceramic Engineering, Physics, Chemistry, Biological Sciences, and
biomedical entrepreneurs. In particular, Dr. Basu has made major contributions in the area of Biomaterials
science by bringing in a strong materials engineering perspective to address biologically and clinically relevant
problems. His research, encompassing theory and experiments, has led to a better understanding of the complex
synergistic interaction between the material properties (electrical conductivity/magnetization) and
electric/magnetic field stimulation towards cell functionality modulation in vitro, on the newly developed
functional biomaterial surfaces. Overall, his research has direct applications in key areas of human health care,
such as bone, neural and cardiovascular tissue engineering. At present, he is leading an interdisciplinary team of
16 active researchers from academic institutions, National R & D labs, clinicians and biomedical entrepreneurs to
establish a center for excellence on orthopedic and dental biomaterials.
Prof. Basu’s research has uniquely demonstrated that the intermittent delivery of pulse electric stimulation can
enhance osteoblast cell proliferation on electroconductive biomaterials or can facilitate differentiation of human
mesenchymal stem cells to neural-like cells on compliant polymeric substrates in a conductivity dependent
manner in vitro, in the absence of biochemical growth factors. Extending electrical stimulation approach,
subsequent research has demonstrated the effect of weak magnetic field towards bactericidal effect and
osteogenesis of stem cells, in vitro. The recent results have illustrated the synergistic effect of the magnetic field
stimulation and magnetic substrate properties towards enhanced bactericidal property. On the computational
aspects, the analytical solution of Poisson-Boltzman equation with Debye-Huckel approximation provided the
external field dependent evolution of intercellular, extracellular and membrane stress fields. Based on such
theoretical analysis, it has been postulated that bioelectric stress in the order of µPa to mPa can significantly
influence cell morphological changes and functionality in vitro.
1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ALUMINA AND OTHER FUNCTIONAL CERAMICS
(AOFC-2015)
[Type text]
11th to 13th March, 2015
INVITED SPEAKER
Dr. Basu has also led major international multi-institutional research programs on biomaterials. As Principal
Investigator of Indo-US science and Technology forum funded Biomaterials Center (2008-2012) as well as UKIndia Education & Research Initiative, UKIERI (2009-2012), he has played a pivotal role towards the success of
multiple bilateral projects in the area of orthopedics and cardiovascular tissue engineering. His collaborative
research with Brown University on developing PLGA-carbon nanofiber based cardiac patches has received media
attention worldwide. One of the most groundbreaking research outcomes of UKIERI collaboration was to
establish long term implant stability and faster osseointegration of strontium-substituted glass ceramic implants in
rabbit model, in the context of the treatment of osteoporosis. In addition, Dr. Basu has organised major bilateral
workshops with Germany and Japan. As part of outreach activities to promote research in the field of
Biomaterials, Dr. Basu has started “International conference series on design of biomaterials” (IITK-2006/ IISc2012) as well as workshop on “Advances on biomaterials” (IITK-2007/IISc-2012) and has organized 15 theme
sessions in major international conferences.
In recognition of contributions to the field of Biomaterials Science and Ceramics, Dr. Basu is declared as the
recipient of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar award in Engineering Sciences (the highest honor of Indian Science
awarded by the Prime Minister of India), 2013 and is elected as a Fellow of National Academy of Sciences,
India (NASI-the oldest Science Academy of India) in 2013. Other noteworthy awards include ‘Metallurgist of the
year’ award (2010) by Ministry of Steels, Government of India; ‘NASI-SCOPUS Young Scientist Award’, 2010
by Elsevier and Materials Research Society of India (MRSI) Medal, 2011. He also received the prestigious
‘Coble Award for Young Scholars’ (highest recognition for ceramic scientist of 35 years or below) from the
American Ceramic Society in 2008. Prior to this, he received Young Scientist awards from the Indian Ceramic
Society (2003), Indian National Academy of Engineering (2004) and Indian National Science Academy (2005).
Many of his former students currently serve as faculty members in various IITs/NITs in India. In addition to his
scholarly contributions, he delivered 10 Plenary/Keynote lectures and more than 100 invited seminars in India,
USA, Germany and Japan.
ABSTRACT
Development of Multifunctional Bioceramics and External Field Stimulated Cell Functionality
Modulation: A New Paradigm
Bikramjit Basu*
Laboratory for Biomaterials, Materials Research Center and Interdisciplinary Bio-Engineering Program,
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India. E-mail: [email protected]
In the interdisciplinary field of biomaterials, the phenomenological interaction of a biological cell on a
material substrate under normal culture conditions is broadly known and researchers use many
approaches to tailor surface modulus or wettability in an effort to enhance cell-material interaction. It is
also known that theelectrical properties possessed by bone assists
the formation/growth, fracture healing as well as controls other
metabolic activities [Nature 90, 1217 (1961)]. In this context, the
results of a strikingly different approach with the overall objective
to develop an integrated approach of understanding the role of
material properties together with external field stimulation on cell
fate processes in isolation/ combinationwill be presented in this
talk.This talk would also address the challenges in designing the
synthetic materials to mimic bone-like electrical or piezoelectric
properties as well as how to tailor the properties to facilitate better bone cell proliferation or cell
differentiation, in general, both in the presence or absence of external electric field stimulation
[Biomaterials (2013)]. It will be shown how the intermittent delivery of pulse electric field stimulation
can enhance cell growth on electroconductive biomaterial substrates, which are fabricated using a novel
processing route (Spark Plasma Sintering). The effectiveness of the above approach will be
demonstrated using multiple cell lines (bone cells, neuronal cells, muscle cells, gram positive and gram
negative bacteria) as well as on materials with varying stiffness and conductivity properties. This novel
1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ALUMINA AND OTHER FUNCTIONAL CERAMICS
(AOFC-2015)
[Type text]
11th to 13th March, 2015
INVITED SPEAKER
approach overcomes the conventional biological approach of various biochemical growth factor
additions to enhance cell growth/differentiation in vitro.
Starting from deterministic modeling to solve a structurally detailed electrical analog of a single cell[J.
Applied Physics (2009)], the inherent randomness of the biological system of multiple cells in culture
into the cell-external field interaction will be introduced using the stochastic modeling approach
[J.Biological Physics (2011)]. The results of the analytical studies provide an estimate of the time of cell
interaction as well as the critical window of the current fluctuation for a stimulated biological cell.
Extending simulation work to experimental research, a narrow window of electric field stimulation
parameters will be shown to facilitate optimal cell growth on biomaterial substrates [J. Biomedical
Materials Research (2011)]. Also, the results obtained with biomaterials having a range of electrical
conductivity will be presented to demonstrate the synergistic role of the external field stimulation and
substrate conductivity towards the modulation of in vitro cell fate processes (proliferation,
differentiation)[Royal Society of Chemistry Advances (2013)]. Some theoretical analyses on the
estimation of pulse stimulation as well as Maxwell stress field based approach to explain the field
strength dependence of cell functionality will also be discussed. Extending the approach of electrical
stimulation, subsequent research has demonstrated the effect of weak magnetic field towards
bactericidal effect in vitro. The recent results will illustrate the synergistic effect on better bactericidal
effect with the application of magnetic field stimulation on magnetic biocomposites. Towards the end,
the results of our analytical modeling to predict the external field dependent evolution of bioelectric
stress field (Maxwell stress) both at intercellular, extracellular and at cell membrane. It will be shown
that much lower stress level of (µPa to mPa) can significantly influence cell morphological changes and
functionality in vitro.
To summarise, the present talk will demonstrate our recent research efforts, encompassing theory and
experiments at the interface of Materials and Biology, that have enabled us to achieve a better
understanding of the complex synergistic interaction between the material properties (electrical
conductivity/magnetization) and electric/magnetic field stimulation towards cell functionality
modulation in vitro, on the newly developed functional biomaterial surfaces.
References:
1. Alok Kumar, K. Biswas and Bikramjit Basu; On the Toughness Enhancement in Hydroxyapatite-Based Biocomposites,
Acta Materialia 61 [14] (2013) 5198–5215.
2. Greeshma Thrivikraman, Prafulla Kumar Mallik and Bikramjit Basu; Substrate conductivity dependent modulation of cell proliferation
and differentiation in vitro; Biomaterials 34 (2013) 7073-7085.
3. Shilpee Jain, Ashutosh Sharma and Bikramjit Basu, Vertical electric field stimulated neuronal cell functionality on porous amorphous
carbon electrodes; Biomaterials 34 (2013) 9252-9263.
4. Indu Bajpai, Kantesh Balani and Bikramjit Basu, Spark Plasma Sintered HA-Fe3O4 based Multifunctional Magnetic Biocomposites, J.
Am. Cer. Soc. 96 [7] (2013) 2100-2108.
5. A. K. Dubey and B. Basu; Pulsed Electrical Stimulation and Surface Charge Induced Cell Growth on Multistage Spark Plasma Sintered
Hydroxyapatite-Barium Titanate Piezobiocomposite; J. Am. Cer. Soc. 97 [2] (2014) 481-489.
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