Cross cultural adaptation of Knee Injury osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) amongst Malayalam speaking Indian population. Karvannan H 1, R D chakravarty 2, Arun G Maiya 3, sharmila Mohana 4 Background: Cross cultural adaptation is used to encompass a process that looks at both language and cultural adaptation issues in the process of preparing a questionnaire for use in another setting. KOOS, a most commonly administered questionnaire amongst knee osteoarthritis subjects underwent cross cultural adaptations into various international languages. However, similar efforts have been made only for few Indian languages like Hindi and Gujarati and no attempt has been made to translate and adapt the same into the South Indian languages like Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada and Bengali. Objective: To translate and adapt KOOS questionnaire amongst Malayalam speaking Indian population who were treated with total knee replacement following knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Cross cultural adaptation was taken up by administering the following phases. Phase I (Translation phase) constituted translating the questionnaire into Malayalam language (target language) by two independent translators (T1 & T2). One of the translators (T1) is an informed translator and the other (T2) is uninformed about the procedure. Phase II (Synthesis phase) constituted blending of T1 & T2 translation outputs into T12 by resolving the discrepancies between the translators. Phase III (Retrospective Translation) involved backward translation of T12 into English language by two independent translators RT1 & RT2. Phase IV constituted expert committee review under the guidance of methodologists, developers and translators to produce the pre-‐final version of the questionnaire. Pretesting (Phase V) & Submission and appraisal (Phase VI) are in progress amongst subjects treated with total knee replacement following knee osteoarthritis. Contributors: 1. Assistant Professor, College of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Bangalore. 2. Consultant, Department of Orthopedics, Manipal Hospital, Bangalore. 3. Professor, College of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal. 4. PG student, College of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Bangalore. Contact: Karvannan H, email: [email protected] Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Malayalam version LK 1.0 1 KOOS KNEE SURVEY C¶s¯ Xo¿Xn - - ___/____/_______ P\\ Zn\w___/___/_______________ t]cv______________________________________________________________ kqN- -IÄ: IÄ: Cu \nco-£Ww ImÂap-«n-s\-¸-än-bpÅ \n§-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-§Ä kqN\ Adn-bm-\pÅ tNmZy-§-fm-Wv. Cu D¯-c-§Ä \n§-fpsS ap«n-s\-¸-än-bpÅ \n§fpsS A\p-`-h-§-fpw, AXv ssZ\w-Zn\ Imcy-§-fn F§s\ klm-bn-¡p¶p F¶dn-bp-¶-Xn\v R§sf klm-bn-¡p-¶p. Hmtcm tNmZy-¯n\pw icn-bmb IÅn-I-fn AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-I. Hcp Ifw am{Xw AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-I. \n§Ä¡v GsX-¦nepw tNmZy-¯n\v icn-bmb D¯cw Adn-bp-¶n-sÃ-¦n \n§Ä¡v ]c-am-h[n icn-bmb D¯cw \ÂIn-bm-I-Ww. e£- §Ä -§Ä þ Cu tNmZy-§Ä \n§-fpsS Ignª HcmgN v -bpsS bpsS A\p-`-h-§-fpsS e£W Hcm-gv ASn-Øm-\-¯n D¯-c-§Ä \ÂtI-−-Xm-Wv. S1. \n§-fpsS ap«n \ocpt−m? Cà S2. Ft¸mgpw hnc-f-ambn Nne kab ]e-t¸mgpw hnc-f-ambn Nne kabw ]e-t¸mgpw Ft¸mgpw ap«n ]nSp-¯-tam, Ft¸mgpw \n§Ä¡v ap«v \¶mbn \nhÀ¯m³ ]äptam? Ft¸mgpw S5. ]e-t¸mgpw \n§Ä I \o«pws_mÄ AXh aS-¡ps_m \nÝ-e-Xztam A\p-`-hs¸Smdpt−m? Cà S4. Nne kabw \n§fpsS ap«v A\-¡p-t¼mÄ Ac-bp-¶-Xp-t]m-se-tbm, sRmSn-¡p-¶-Xpt]mse-tbm, thsd Fs´-¦nepw i_vZtam tIÄ¡p-¶pt−m? Cà S3. hnc-f-ambn ]e-t¸mgpw Nne-t¸mÄ hnc-f-ambn Xosc Cà hnc-f-ambn Xosc Cà ap«v \¶mbn aS-¡m³ km[n-¡ptam? Ft¸mgpw ]e-t¸mgpw Nne-t¸mÄ Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Malayalam version LK 1.0 2 ap«n ]nSp¯w: Cu tNmZy-§Ä Ignª HcmgN v -bn bn \n§-fpsS ap«nÂ, ap«nsâ Hcm-gv Ne-\-¯n XS-Øtam aµ-Xtbm A\p-`-hs¸Sp-¶-XmWv ap«n ]nSp¯w F¶p ]d-bp-¶-Xv. S6. cmhnse Fgp-t¶Â¡p-t¼mÄ F{X-am{Xw ap«n ]nSp¯w D−v? Cà S7. - sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \¶mbn hf-sc-b-[nIw Znh-k-¯nsâ _m¡n ka-b-§-fn ap«nsâ ]nSp¯w Ccn-¡p-t¼mÄ, InS-¡pt¼mÄ, hn{i-an-¡p-t¼mÄ D−m-Im-dpt−m? Cà sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \¶mbn hf-sc-b-[nIw thZ\ thZ\: P1. F{X XhW ap«n thZ\ A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p? Hcn-¡epwCà amk-¯n-sem-cn-¡Â BgvN-bn P2. anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l\ - o-b-ambn hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l\ - o-b-ambn hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l\ - o-b-ambn Ccn-¡p-Itbm InS-¡p-Itbm sN¿p-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà P9. hfsc sNdp-Xmbn cm{Xnbn InS-¡p-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà P8. Ak-l-\o-b-ambn ]SnIÄ Ib-dp-t¼mgpw Cd-§p-t¼mgpw? H¶p-anà P7. \Ãiàambn \nc¸mb Øe-¯n \S-¡p-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà P6. anX-ambn ImÂap«v apgp-h-\mbn aS-¡p-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà P5. hfsc sNdp-Xmbn ImÂap«v apgp-h-\mbn \nhÀ¯p-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà P4. Ft¸mgpw Imep-Xn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ/ImenÂ\n¶v Npäp-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà P3. Znh-tk\ hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn \nhÀ¶p \n¡p-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Malayalam version LK 1.0 3 km[mcW Zn\ -{In-b-IÄ IÄ Pohn¯n km[m-cW Zn\{In{In Pohn-X-¯nÂ’ ¯n \n§-fpsS imco-cnI {]hÀ¯-\-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ tNmZy-§-fmWv Xmsg-¸-d-bp-¶-Xv. CXnÂ\n¶v Zn\-{In-b-IÄ sNbvXv \n§-fpsS imcn-cnI kwc-£-W-¯n-\pÅ Ignhv a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p. Xmsg-¸-d-bp¶ {Inb-I-fn Ignª BgvNbn -bn \n§Ä¡v F{Xam{Xw _p²n-ap«v A\p-`-h-s¸«p? A1. ]Sn-IÄ Cd-§p-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn A2. ]Sn-IÄ Ib-dp-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn A3. Ccp-¶n-S-¯p-\n¶pw Fgp-t¶Â¡p-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn A4. \n¡p-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn A5. Iq\nbpws_mÄ /km[-\-§Ä FSp-¡p-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn A6. \nc-¸n \S-¡p-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn A7. Imdn Ib-dp-I-tbm, ]pd-¯n-d-§p-Itbm sN¿p-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l\ - o-b-ambn A8. IS-I-fn km[-\-§Ä hm§m³ t]mIp-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn A9. tkmIvkv CSp-t¼mÄ/sÌm¡n§vkv CSp-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn A10. I«n-en \n¶v Fgp-t¶Â¡p-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn A11. tkmIvkv Ducp-t¼mÄ/ sÌm¡n§vk Ducp-t¼mÄ v H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Malayalam version LK 1.0 4 Xmsg ]d-bp¶ {Inb-I-fn Ignª BgvN-bn bn ap«n-\m F{X-am{Xw _p²n-ap«v A\p-`-h-s¸-«p. A12. I«n-en InS-¡p-t¼mÄ? (Xn-cn-bn--t¼mÄ, ImÂap-«nsâ ØnXn) H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãiàambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn A13. Ipfn-¡p-t¼mÄ? (Ib-dp-Ibpw Cd-§p-I-bpw) H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãià-ambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn anX-ambn \Ãià-ambn Akl\oambn A14. Ccn-¡p-t¼mÄ? H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn A15. ae-aq{X hnkÀÖ-\-¯n\v Ib-dp-t¼mgpw Cd-§p-t¼mgpw? H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãià-ambn Ak-l-\obambn A16. `mc-s¸« KmÀlnI IÀ½-§Ä (L-\-apÅ s]«n-IÄ \o¡p-t¼Mä, Xd g IgpIpt¼mÄ XpS-§n-b-h) H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãià-ambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn A17. eLp-hmb Krl-Ir-Xy-§Ä (]m-N-I, AgpIv X«qws_mÂ) H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãià-ambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn {]hr¯n-IÄ, IÄ, ImbnI/ at\ RP v \ IÀ½-§Ä {]hr-¯n¯n at\m-c-Rv IÀ½§Ä \n§-fpsS Imbn-I-iàn D¶-X-X-e-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-¶-h-bmWv. Xmsg X¶n-cn¡p¶ tNmZy-§Ä CXn-\pÅ D¯-c-§Ä Ignª BgvN-bn bn \n§Ä¡-\p-`-h-s¸« _p²n-ap-«ns\ A\p-k-cn-¨m-bn-cn-¡Ww. SP1. Ip¯n Ccn-¡p-t¼mÄ H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \à ià-ambn Ak-l\ - obambn SP2. HmSp-t¼mÄ H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \à ià-ambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \à ià-ambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn SP3. NmSp-t¼mÄ H¶p-anà Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Malayalam version LK 1.0 5 Xmsg ]d-bp¶ {Inb-I-fn Ignª BgvN-bn bn ap«n-\m F{X-am{Xw _p²n-ap«v A\p-`-h-s¸-«p. SP4. \n§-fpsS apdn-thä ap«p Xncn-¡p-t¼mÄ \n¶p Npäp-t¼mÄ H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãià-ambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn SP5. ap«n \n¡pt¼mÄ H¶p-anà hfsc sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn \Ãià-ambn Ak-l-\o-b-ambn Pohn¯nsâ KpWta· Pohn-X-¯nsâ KpW-ta· Q1. F{X XhW ap«nsâ {]iv\-s¯-¸-än-bpÅ DWÀÆv D−m-Ip¶p? Hcn-¡-ep-anà amk-¯n-sem-cn-¡Â BgvN-bn-sem-cn-¡Â Zn\hpw- Q2. H \n§-fpsS Pohn-X-coXn IjvS-am-bXpw lm\n-I-c-hp-am-b-Xp-amb {]hÀ¯nIÄ Hgn-hm-¡n-bmtWm {Iao- Icn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv? Cà Q3. A sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn IqSp-X apgp-h-\mbn \n§-fpsS ImÂap-«n-epÅ hnizm-k-¡p-d-hn\m F{X-am{Xw {]bm-k-§Ä A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p Cà Q4. FÃm ka-b¯pw sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn IqSp-X apgp-h-\mbn \n§-fpsS ImÂap-«n-\m A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp¶ {]bm-k-§Ä F{X? Cà sNdp-Xmbn anX-ambn ià-ambn hfsc ià-ambn Cu tNmZy§Ä apgpbn\v \µn. tNmZy-§Ä apgp-h-\mbpw ]qÀ¯nbm¡nbX]qÀ¯nbm¡nbX-bn\ bn
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