Karin Andreassen (Leader/Professor) Stig-Morten Knutsen (Adm. leader/PhD) Iver Martens (Adm. advisor) Annual Report 2013 01.04.2014 1 CONTENTS SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................... 2 BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................................... 2 VISION/AIMS ........................................................................................................................................... 3 RESEARCH PLAN / STRATEGY .................................................................................................................. 4 ORGANIZATION ....................................................................................................................................... 5 SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES ............................................................................................................................. 9 INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION ....................................................................................................... 26 RECRUITMENT ....................................................................................................................................... 26 2 SUMMARY This report describes the activities and results from 2013 in ARCEx – the Research Centre for Arctic Petroleum Exploration. The Centre opened 1 October 2013 and thus significant work in 2013 has been related to the contractual and governance structure for the ten academic and eight industry partners. Main academic efforts have been to calibrate work packages / tasks in ARCEx with ongoing projects and to ensure good cooperation between the tasks. The organization is now in the process of being fully established; some PhD / Post Docs have been engaged, but two permanent professor positions and several adjunct professors will be hired in 2014. As education and outreach is an important part of ARCEx, the establishment of a Master Program in Arctic Petroleum Geology is underway and will be ready by start-up fall 2015. BACKGROUND The Research Council of Norway (RCN) announced in 2012 a call for a “Research and Knowledge Centre for petroleum activity in northern and Arctic areas”. The call was a follow-up of the white papers “Petroleumsmeldingen” St. 28 (2010-2011) “En næring for for framtida – om Petroleumsvirksomheten” and the “Nordområdemeldingen” St. 7 (2011-2012) “Nordområdene – Visjon og virkemidler”, where it was a strategic priority to strengthen the knowledge in northern Norway on petroleum activity. The announced program was a “Kompetanseprosjekt for næringslivet” (KPN), a knowledge-building project aiming to contribute to industry-related research education and expertise. In addition, it was required that the project focused on up to two of the following scientific topics: i) Environmental understanding ii) Resources and geoscientific conditions iii) Development and operations in Arctic Areas. The evaluation of applications was a two-step process, with 3 December 2012 as deadline for submitting a mandatory sketch for the proposal and 13 February 2013 as deadline for submitting a full proposal. University of Tromsø – The Arctic University of Norway (UiT) submitted the sketch “Forsknings- og kompetansesenter for petroleumsvirksomhet i nordområdene og Arktis (KOMPAS)”, together with partners from Northern Research Institute (NORUT), The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), The Geological Survay of Norway (NGU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), University of Oslo (UiO), University of Bergen (UiB) and University of Stavanger (UiS) – Centre for Risk Management and Societal Safety (SEROS), Akvaplan-Niva (APN), Nordlandsforskning (NF) and Høgskolen i Finnmark (HiF). The sketch focused on the following two topics: i) Resources and geoscientific conditions and ii) Environment. A full proposal was submitted by UiT 13 February 2013, entitled “Research Centre for Arctic Petroleum Exploration (ARCEx) together with the academic partners APN, NORUT, UiO, UiB, NTNU, NGU, UiSSEROS and International Research Institute of Stavanger (IRIS) and the industry partners Statoil, Det 3 Norske, Lundin, Gas de France, Tullow Oil, Conoco Phillips and Dong. Based on the response from RCN to the submitted sketch (dated 18 December 2012), the full proposal aimed primarily at improved knowledge of petroleum resources in northern and Arctic areas, with the complementary aim of providing essential knowledge and methodology for eco-safe exploration in the high north. Eco-safe refers here to the use of the best available technology and practices in order to minimize impacts and risks to the Arctic environment. The 29th May 2013, The Research Council of Norway announced that the University of Tromsø had been awarded the “Research Centre for Arctic Petroleum Exploration (ARCEx)”. The applications had been evaluated by an international expert panel and partly also by RCN administration, providing advisory recommendations for the evaluation committee that had been appointed by the RCN Division board for energy, resources and environment (DSE), and that took the final decision. ARCEx started 1 October 2013, and will receive funding from RCN until 30 September 2021. ARCEx is now one of two “Petrosentre” funded by RCN, the other being the National IOR Centre of Norway (“Forskningssenter for økt utvinning”) at University of Stavanger awarded 30 August 2013. Contract negotiations between the ARCEx host institution UiT and partners were accomplished in February 2014. ARCEx was officially opened 25 February 2014, and is located at “Naturfagsbygget” together with Department of Geology at UiT The Arctic University of Norway. VISION/AIMS The Research Centre for ARCtic Petroleum Exploration (ARCEx) aims primarily at improved knowledge of petroleum resources in northern and Arctic areas, with the complementary aim of providing essential knowledge and methodology for eco-safe exploration in the high north. Eco-safe refers to the use of best available technology and practices in order to minimize impacts and risks to the Arctic environment. This will be achieved through the following secondary objectives: ● Enhance the understanding of large-scale processes of sedimentary basin formation and evolution of the Barents Sea and Arctic, and their impacts on petroleum systems. ● Secure correlation of geological events over large distances in diverse geological environments of the Arctic. ● Establish petroleum systems and play concepts for the different basins. ● Assimilate new ecosystem knowledge for the different basins into advanced impact and risk analysis methodologies. ● Develop technology for eco-safe exploration in the Arctic. ● Create a research-based education and training program based on the scientific themes of the Centre. ● Communicate results from the Centre to scientists, decision makers and the general public. The Centre, based at Norway’s northernmost University will, in 8 years, establish itself at the forefront of scientific excellence in Arctic petroleum geology and geophysics. ARCEx will become a resource of highly qualified personnel with specialized training for eco-safe petroleum exploration in the Arctic. 4 RESEARCH PLAN / STRATEGY The ARCEx research objectives will be addresses within five interconnected work packages (WPs), with associated research tasks: WP1: Basin Analysis, WP2: Petroleum systems and play concepts, WP3: Environmental risk management, WP4: Technology for eco-safe exploration in the Arctic, WP5: Education and Outreach. Research will be carried out at the various academic partner institutions and through a significant build-up of new knowledge by PhD- and Post Doc. programs. The overall plan for hiring and establishment of such programs relative to the work packages is given in the table below. WP1 and WP2 investigate the subsurface of the Barents Sea and the Arctic at two different scales: WP1 covers the large scale geological processes including deep crustal features and relation to sedimentary basin forming. WP2 builds on the large scale approach from WP1 and forms the geological bridge to the prospect assessment being conducted by the industry. WP2 investigates the petroleum play systems including source, reservoir and trap, and emphasizes on the onshore use of field analogues. Together these two work packages cover the resources and geoscientific conditions as set out by the RCN. WP3 and WP4 cover the environment part as asked for by the RCN. WP3 focus on the marine ecosystems both from field investigations and ecotoxicology experiments, which through impact assessment modeling will lead to an Arctic risk uncertainty framework. WP4 will investigate seismic acquisition in ice infected areas and including geophysical exploration in ecological vulnerable areas. Remote sensing for operations and the use of geophysical modeling of outcrop examples of reservoir analogues aims at improving both the quality and the processes for operations in the Arctic. WP 5 is focused on the education and outreach. Related to all activities in WP1 to WP4 new study programs and courses will be established at UiT. The results from the research will be published both through papers and in conferences. ARCEx also aspires to arrange its own conference with special focus on the topics related to exploration in the Arctic. 5 Administration 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Admi tra ti ve a dvi s or* (Ui T/NT; 50%) Admi ni s tra ti ve l ea der** (Ui T/NT; 10-30%) Project l ea der Prof. Ka ri n Andrea s s en Project l ea der new Prof. i n Petrol . Geos ci ences (Ui T/NT) WP1: Basin Analysis 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Profes s or i n Petrol eum Geos ci ences 1.1 (Ui T/NT) PhD1.1 (Ui T/NT; T1.3: Cenozoi c upl i ft a nd eros i on) PhD1.2 (Ui O) PhD1.3 (Ui T/NT; Fi rs t two yea rs i n WP2) PhD 1.4 (Ui ; T1.3: Source-to s i nk) Pos tDoc1.1 (Ui O; T1.?) Pos tDoc1.2 (Ui O) ProfII 1.1 (Ui T/NT J.I. Fa l ei de) WP2: Petroleum Systems and Play Concepts 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Profes s or i n Petrol eum Geos ci ences 2.1 (Ui T/NT) PhD1.3 (Ui T/NT; thi rd yea r i n WP1) PhD2.1 (Ui T/NT; T2.1: Ons hore-offs hore) PhD2.2 (UNIS) PhD2.3 (UNIS) Pos tDoc2.1 (UNIS; T?) Pos tDoc2.2 (Ui B) ProfII 2.1 (Ui T/NT; Snorre Ol a us s en) WP3: Environmental Risk Management 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 WP4: Technology for eco-safe exploration 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 WP5: Education and Outreach 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 PhD3.1 (APN; T3.? Pos tDoc3.1 (Ui T/BFE; T3.3) Pos tDoc3.2 (Ui T/BFE; T3.2) Pos tDoc3.3 (Ui T/BFE; T3.2; 1.66 yea rs ) Pos tDoc3.4 (APN; T3.1) Pos tDoc3.5 (IRIS; T3.4; 2.66 yea rs ) Pos tDoc3.6 (UIS; T3.5) Prof II (APN) Prof II (Ui T/BFE) PhD4.1. (NORUT; T4.4: Remote s ens i ng technol ogy) PhD4.2 (NTNU; T4.?) PhD4.3 (Ui B; T4.2 a nd 4.3) Pos tDoc4.1 (NTNU; T4?) Pos tDoc4.2 (Ui B; T4.2 a nd 4.3) ProfII 4.1 (Ui T; Stå l e Joha ns en a nd Tor Arne Joha ns en ) Study cons ul ta nt a nd outrea ch (Ui T/NT; 50%) Table 1. Positions and timing for initiation within ARCEx ORGANIZATION From the above summary in Table 1 it can be concluded that at UiT there will be between 15 and 20 new firm positions. The centre is located at the Institute for Geology very close to the main University campus. During 2014 completely renovated office space with all needed facilities will be in place. The ARCEx project currently has ten academic partners and eight industry partners. Management/structure The below figure illustrates the governance structure for ARCEx. In addition to the below, the ARCEx Board in their first meeting 25 February 2014, suggested that a General Assembly (GA) should be established for ARCEx. A proposal for including such GA in the governance Structure will be presented at the next Board Meeting scheduled for June 2014. The Research Council of Norway (RCN) has 6 observer status at the ARCEx Board, and the same is valid for the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD). Figure 1. The ARCEx governance and organization. The Norwegian Research Council and the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate have each one observer to the board. Firm Alternate* Morten Karlsen (Statoil Petroleum AS) Nora Hveding Bergseth (Eni Norge AS) Ole Lindefjeld (ConocoPhillips Skandinavia AS) Jan Eske Christensen (DONG E&P Norge AS) Terje Solheim (Det norske oljeselskap ASA) Jan Åge Greger (GDF Suez E&P Norge AS) Geir Birger Larssen (Lundin Norway AS) Reidar Müller (Tullow Oil Norge AS) Morten Hald UiT, the Arctic University of Norway (Chair) Salve Dahle (Akvaplan-Niva) Brit-Lisa Skjelkvåle Monsen (UiO) Table 2. The ARCEx Board as constituted 25 February 2014 and elected for two years. *Proposal of personal alternates are based on alphabetic sorting by company name The ARCEx Management Team (Tab. 3) is the work package leaders and the ARCEx administration: Name Affiliation Professor Karin Andreassen (Leader) Professor Jan Inge Faleide (WP 1) Professor Snorre Olaussen (WP 2) Adjunct Professor JoLynn Carrol (WP 3) Professor Tor Arne Johansen (WP 4) Professor Ståle Emil Johansen (WP 4) UiT The Arctic University of Norway University of Oslo UNIS – The University Centre in Svalbard UiT and Akvaplan-Niva University of Bergen NTNU – Norwegian University of Science and Technology 7 Associate Professor Jan Sverre Laberg (WP 5) Associate Professor Jasmine Nahrang (WP 5) Adm. Lead Stig-Morten Knutsen Adm. Advisor Iver Martens UiT The Arctic University of Norway UiT The Arctic University of Norway UiT The Arctic University of Norway UiT The Arctic University of Norway Table 3. The ARCEx Management Team. A key part of the ARCEx governance system is the Technical Committee where the main technical interaction and discussion between the academic- and industry partners take place. ARCEx Academic Partners The wide cooperation between the ARCEx partners and key people is given by the table below: WP1 T1.1 T1.2 T1.3 T1.4 T1.5 T1.6 WP2 T2.1 T2.2 T2.3 T2.4 T2.5 WP3 T3.1 T3.2 T3.3. T3.4 T3.5 Basin Analysis. WP leader: Prof. Jan Inge Faleide UiO/Prof. NN1 UiT-NT Linking sedimentary basins to deeper structure. Leader: Prof. Rolf Mjelde UiB; UiO: Jan Inge Faleide, Asbjørn J. Breivik; UiT-NT: Prof. NN1 Basin Evolution. Leader: Prof. Jan Inge Faleide UiO. UiO: Roy H. Gabrielsen, Johan Petter Nystuen, NN; UiTNT: Prof NN1, Prof II NN2 Cenozoic uplift and Erosion. Leader. Ass. Prof. Jan-Sverre Laberg UiT UiT-NT: Karin Andreassen, Prof. NN1 UiT-NT; UiO: Jan Inge Faleide, Jens Jahren NGU: Per Terje Osmundsen Source-to sink. Leader: Prof. William Helland-Hansen UiB UiT-NT: Prof NN2; UiO: J.I. Faleide, Johan Petter Nystuen, NN; UNIS: Snorre Olaussen, Alvar Braathen; NGU: Per Terje Osmundsen Numerical and analogue modeling. Task leader: Prof. Riske Huismans UiB UiO: Jan Inge Faleide, Roy H. Gabrielsen, Dimitrios Sokoutis; UiT-NT: Prof. NN1 Arctic petroleum basins - beyond the Barents Sea. Leaders: Profs. J.I. Faleide UiO and Snorre Olaussen UNIS UiT-NT: Prof NN1, Prof NN2 3 PhDs and 1 PostDoc the first 5 years; 1 Postdoc and 0.5 PhD (shared with WP2) the last 3 years Petroleum systems and play concepts. WP leaders: Prof. Snorre Olaussen/Prof NN2 UiT-NT Onshore offshore stratigraphy and tectonic links. Leader: Prof. Steffen Bergh UiT-NT UiT-NT: ProfNN2 UiT-NT; UNIS: Alvar Braathen, Snorre Olaussen; UiB: William Helland-Hansen, Wojtec Nemec; UiO: Jan Inge Faleide, Wolfram M. Kürschner, Jenø Nagy, NN Hydrocarbon source and fluid flow. Leader: Prof. Dag A. Karlsen UiO UiB:William Helland-Hansen; UNIS: Snorre Olaussen; UiT-NT: Prof NN1 and Prof NN2 Reservoir studies. Leader: Prof. William Helland-Hansen UiB UNIS: Snorre Olaussen; UiT-NT: Prof NN1 and Prof NN2; UiO: Johan Petter Hystuen, Jens Jahren; UiB: Wojtec Nemec Trap and seal analysis. Leader: Prof. Alvar Braathen UNIS UNIS: Snorre Olaussen; UiT-NT: Prof NN1 and Prof NN2; UiO: Jan Inge Faleide, Roy H. Gabrielsen; NGU: Per Terje Osmundsen Quantitative analysis of petroleum systems and plays. Leader: Prof. Snorre Olaussen UNIS UiT: Prof NN1 and Prof NN2; UiO: Dag A. Karlsen, Johan P. Nystuen, Jens Jahren; UiB: Wojtec Nemec, W. Helland-Hansen 2 PhDs and 1.5 PostDocs the first 5 years; 1.5 PhD (shared with WP1) and 0.5 PostDoc the last 3 years Environmental Risk Management. WP leader: Prof. JoLynn Carroll APN/UiT-NT Ecosystems connected to benthos. Leader: Prof. Paul Renard APN/UNIS APN: Michael Carroll, Sabine Cochrane; IRIS: Andrew Sweetman Pelagic ecosystems and vertical transport. Leader: Prof. Paul Wassmann UiT-BFE UiT-BFE: Marit Reigstad, Lena Seuthe, Camilla Svenson Sensitivity of key species in northern systems. Leader: Dr. Jasmine Nahrgang UiT-BFE APN: Marianne Franzen; IRIS: Thierry Baussant Ecosystem impact assessment. Leader: Prof. JoLynn Carroll APN-UiT-NT UiT-Computer Centre: Jonas Juselius Risk-uncertainty framework for the Arctic. Leader: Prof. Terje Aven UiS-SEROS APN: Lionel Camus; IRIS: Steinar Sanni; UiS-SEROS: Roger Flage, Kenneth Pettersen 1 PhD and 4 PostDocs the first 5 years; 4 Post Docs the last 3 years Technology for eco-safe exploration in the Arctic. WP4 T4.1 WP leaders: Prof. Ståle E. Johansen NTNU/ Prof. Tor Arne Johansen UiB Geophysical Exploration in ecological vulnerable areas. Leader: Prof. Martin Landrø NTNU 8 T4.2 T4.3 T4.4 T4.5 T4.6 UiB: Tor Arne Johansen; APN: Martin Biuw Strategies for seismic acquisition within and close to sea ice. Leader: Prof. Tor A Johansen UiB UiB: Bent Ole Ruud; NTNU: Martin Landrø Acquisition and processing of seismic data from sea ice to snow and ice-covered land. Leader: Prof. Tor Arne Johansen UiB. UiB: Bent Ole Ruud; NTNU: Martin Landrø Remote sensing technology in support of seismic operations within and close to sea ice. Leader: Dr. Rune Storvold NORUT. NORUT: Stian Solbø; UiT-NT: Torbjørn Eltoft Use of seismic and CSEM data for exploration and monitoring reservoir systems of the Arctic. Leader: Prof. Ståle Johansen NTNU. NTNU: Martin Landrø Geophysical imaging of prospects and reservoirs from field analogues on Svalbard and Greenland. Leader: Prof. S. Johansen NTNU. NTNU: Martin Landrø; UNIS: S. Olaussen, A. Braathen 3 PhDs and 1.5 PostDocs the first 5 years; 2.5 PostDocs the last 3 years Education and Outreach. WP5 WP leaders: Ass. Prof. Jan S. Laberg UiT-NT/Dr. Jasmine Nahrgang UiT-BFE Administration Centre Leader: Prof. Karin Andreassen UiT-NT Table 4. Project organization of the Centre, showing WP leaders and Research Task leaders. The number of PhDs and PostDocs connected to each work package is indicated. These fellows will typically address several tasks and in some cases also more than one work package. Planned starting times of the PhDs and PostDocs are indicated in Table 1. Collaboration between ARCEx partners The collaboration between the partners is regulated through the governance system illustrated in Figure 1 above. The main agent for collaboration between the academic and industry partners are the technical committees. For WP1 – 4 each industry partner has nominated key technical participants to ensure that the strategy and plans for the WPs are aligned with expectations or needs. Between the academic partners the main meeting arena is the ARCEx Management forum where communication and discussions across the WPs takes place. Several of the PhD and Post Doc positions are defined as partly overlapping between WPs and partners, and ensure good communication between the academic partners. The WP leader has the responsibility for distributing routine updates (for examples e-alerts) to all task leaders and representatives of participating institutes to ensure that corresponding members are aware of the status of Centre start up activities, cooperation among the different WPs and important administration and reporting deadlines. The WP leader prepares and submits documents requested by Centre administrators for purposes of reporting on finances and progress. 9 SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES Work Package Leader: Prof. Jan Inge Faleide UiT/UiO. From 2015 a new Professor/ Associate Professor in petroleum geology – basin analysis, located at the Faculty of Science and Technology, UiT will be part of the WP1 management. WP1 Main goals The understanding of the regional geology and tectonic evolution in the Barents Sea region will be enhanced. The new, partly quantitative, understanding of basin development and petroleum systems will provide a better basis to assess the petroleum potential and reduce exploration risk in the north. We will build on results from previous and ongoing research projects (many funded through the PetroMaks/PetroMaks II programs; e.g. PETROBAR, GlaciPet, DemoCen, GlaciBar, BarRock, BarMod) and knowledge established through regional exploration in the north so far. We have a tradition of working closely together with international partners, in particular Russian scientists having key data and knowledge about the eastern, central and northern Barents Sea. An integrated multidisciplinary research team, including among others geologists, geophysicists and modelers, will be established to address the key tasks of WP1, which are: Linking sedimentary basins to deep structure, Basin evolution, 10 Cenozoic uplift and erosion, Source-to-sink, Numerical and analogue modeling, Arctic petroleum basins – beyond the Barents Sea. Task 1.1 Linking sedimentary basins to deep structure Leader: Prof. Rolf Mjelde UiB; 1.1 Goals In this task we focus on how deep structures in the crystalline basement crust and upper mantle have played a role in the basin formation and evolution. 1.1 Activities in 2013 No new ARCEX activities were initiated in 2013. 1.1 Planned activities for 2014 Task 1.1 will not receive ARCEx funds the first few years, since the planned activities will be covered by a new NFR PetroMaks project at UiB (Ritske Huismans & Rolf Mjelde) and UiO (Jan Inge Faleide & Asbjørn Breivik) starting in April 2014. Three positions (2 postdocs and 1 PhD) will be funded by the project and new deep seismic acquisition in the Barents Sea is planned for the summer 2014. Task 1.2 Basin evolution Leader: Prof. Jan Inge Faleide UiO 1.2 Goals The regional basin evolution will be studied in time and space, based on seismic stratigraphy correlated to wells and onshore geology. An updated regional tectono-stratigraphic framework will form the basis for the other tasks in WP1 and also WP2. 1.2 Activities in 2013 No new ARCEX activities were initiated in 2013. However, a lot of complementary work relevant to this task was carried out at UiO in terms of MSc and PhD thesis work focusing on major fault complexes of the SW Barents Sea. 1.2 Planned activities for 2014 A new ARCEx postdoc will be employed at UiO this spring – working with the main objectives of this task: • Timing and extent of main tectonic phases • Regional correlations and seismic sequence stratigraphy • Structural analysis – basin architecture and boundary-fault mechanics • Basin-forming/shaping processes The new postdoc will build his/her work on the results of ~10 MSc theses and 2 PhD theses completed during recent years at UiO. The work will be closely linked to the Task 1.5 modeling activities (both numerical and analogue). 11 Task 1.3 Cenozoic uplift and erosion Leader. Ass. Prof. Jan-Sverre Laberg UiT 1.3 Goals We will build on and extend previous studies focusing on this important topic that has had major impact on the petroleum systems in the Barents Sea. We will study the wider Barents Sea region to better constrain the timing and amount of uplift/erosion, as well as their causes and implications. 1.3 Activities in 2013 No new ARCEX activities were initiated in 2013. However, complementary work relevant to this task was carried out at UiO as part of an ongoing PhD project – mainly focusing on quantification of net erosion in the wider Barents Sea area. Complementary work are also done at UiT where an ongoing PhD project is focusing on quantification of net erosion and sedimentation rates in the adjacent area to the south of the Barents Sea, the Troms area. 1.3 Planned activities for 2014 A new ARCEx PhD will be employed at UiT this spring – working with the main objectives of this task: • Construct new maps of regional erosion and deposition for the entire Barents Sea region based on all relevant data from both onshore and offshore areas. • Identify and separate the various phases of Cenozoic uplift and erosion that has affected the Barents Sea. • Model paleo-relief. The new PhD candidate will work closely together with researchers at both UiT and UiO that have been working on similar tasks for many years - with different/complementary approaches. The PhD student will start by focusing on the northwestern and northern Barents Sea margin where the aim is to: Revise the sediment volumes and rates of erosion, identify and separate the various phases of Cenozoic uplift and erosion. Task 1.4 Source-to-sink Leader: Prof. William Helland-Hansen UiB 1.4 Goals On a regional scale we will carry out source, fairway and sink analyses for the main depositional systems in the wider Barents Sea region. These will form the basis for more detailed studies focusing on the distribution and quality of source, reservoir and seal in WP2 1.4 Activities in 2013 No new ARCEX activities were initiated in 2013. 1.4 Planned activities for 2014 12 A new ARCEx postdoc or PhD candidate will be employed at UiB – working with the main objectives of this task: • Provenance and paleogeography/-topography/-bathymetry for selected case studies • Regional depositional systems and their link to offshore sequence stratigraphy • Post-depositional processes Source to sink studies includes assessment of source area parameters like drainage patterns, catchment area and relief and their coupling to sink sediment distribution and quality. Input parameters like sediment volumetrics and sequence stratigraphy, geomorphic scaling relationships and provenance data will be the basis for these assessments. In particular we will focus on source-tosink studies of Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic depositional systems in the Barents Sea region and the Cenozoic systems on the Svalbard and Barents Sea margins. Source to sink studies of the Triassic and Lower Cretaceous are covered by other complementary projects. Task 1.5 Numerical and analogue modelling Leader: Prof. Riske Huismans UiB 1.5 Goals Building on the results from the other research tasks we will perform numerical 2D (and 3D) tectonic/geodynamic modelling to better understand the interplay between different processes forming the sedimentary basins. Important insights will also come from complementary analogue modelling. 1.5 Activities in 2013 Analogue modeling activities were performed during the first period of Roy H. Gabrielsen’s sabbatical at TecLab, University of Utrecht. 3 series of experiments have so far been completed. The main focus, with reference to the SW Barents Sea, has been on • Extensional decollement/dislocation faulting • Extension in systems of multiple extension events and multiple layers of weakness • The western margin configuration and its influence on the structural development during opening of the NE Atlantic Draft manuscripts based on the two first series of analogue experiments are in preparation. No numerical modeling has been initiated as part of ARCEx, but complementary/relevant modeling activities, focusing on the central Barents Sea, has been carried out at UiO as part of the BarMod project. 1.5 Planned activities for 2014 The analogue modeling experiments will continue during the second part of Gabrielsen’s sabbatical in Utrech (until June 2014). The associated papers will be ready for submission before the summer. Numerical modelling will not be initiated as part of ARCEx in 2014, but it will be taken care of in complementary projects at both UiO and UiB. Task 1.6 Arctic petroleum basins – beyond the Barents Sea Leaders: Profs. J.I. Faleide UiO and Snorre Olaussen UNIS 13 No activities related to this task have been initiated or are planned for the first few years of ARCEx. WP leader: Snorre Olaussen UiT/UNIS. From 2015 a new Professor/ Associate Professor in petroleum geology – petroleum systems, located at the Faculty of Science and Technology, UiT will be part of the WP2 management. Detailed knowledge on basin characteristics, summarized in detailed paleogeography reconstructions will improve prediction of the resource potential of the Arctic Basins. WP2 develops a strong researchbased activity in studies of petroleum systems and play concepts within the Barents Sea and northernmost Atlantic basins and their pan-Arctic counterparts. The economic shelf plays in the Barents Sea conform to traditional Norwegian continental shelf plays; we will explore these play concepts conceptually and expand into new frontiers of exploration both geographically and by knowledge-building. The WP2 studies, integrated with regional dataset of WP1, will focus on: Onshoreoffshore stratigraphy and tectonic links, Hydrocarbon source and fluid flow, Reservoir studies, Trap and seal analysis, Quantitative analysis of petroleum systems and plays. WP2 main goals Within a stratigraphic and tectonic perspective improve the onshore offshore link of the basin fills in the Greater Barents Sea region and nearby Arctic basins. By using high quality, quantitative and new acquired data on the basin formations and evolutions will give a better understanding for their impacts on petroleum systems. Finally the aim is to establish play concepts for the different basins. Budget including additional funding from UiT; a new permanent position as Professor/ Associate Professor in petroleum geology and an adjunct position in WP 2. For 2014 to 2017 a PhD position at UiT is allocated to WP1 and a Post Doc position at UNIS to WP 2.5. 14 Figure 2. While Upper Paleozoic carbonate platform/ramps have been successful plays in Arctic Canada and Northwest Russia these plays were regarded as failure in the Barents Sea until the Gohta discovery in 2013. Task 2.1. Onshore offshore stratigraphy and tectonic links. Leader: Prof. Steffen Bergh UiT-NT 2.1 Goals: Onshore-offshore stratigraphy and tectonic link for obtaining and improved platform for predictive risk mitigation of plays based on new research and observations on Svalbard and mainland northern Norway. The focus should be on fault-basin architectures, basin-fault timing and evolution, basement control on faulting, and effects on Cenozoic landscapes, uplift and erosion along the hyper-extended margin in general. Other goals may include the study of shallow shelf-seated sag, pull-apart and/or rift basins, and the nature of basement-seated faults and fault rock behavior. , fluid flow, fault sealinghealing and permeability in the context of hydrocarbon migration and entrapment. 2.1 Planned activities for 2014 In 2014 the research will concentrate on field work and field sampling, in conjunction with data from marine cruises to integrate various datasets from onshore and offshore areas. These data include seismic reflection data, stratigraphic/sedimentary logs,potential field data, InSAR-data, digital elevation models (DEM), bathymetry data (MAREANO) and laboratory experimental work including microscopy of fault rocks. Data integration should be done using ESRI ArcGIS both for mapping, visualization and interpretation. Current status. The task for WP 2.1 will among others recruit a PhD position at UiT and a master project. The PhD announcement was announced February with application deadline March 2014. 15 Task 2.2 Hydrocarbon source and fluid flow. Leader: Prof. Dag A. Karlsen UiO The main goal of task 2.2 is to characterize exposed, stained rocks and hydrocarbon seeps and correlate them to known and potential new source rocks (oil population). By linking the source with seeps/stained rock to stratigraphy, structures and glacial history in Svalbard, this task will allow better established timing of migration, accumulation and exhumation. This insight will be transferred to the exploration of the Barents Sea and other pan-Arctic basins. 2.2 Planned activities for 2014 The main tasks will be to collect all available data for establishing common data base on oil and source rock data. Current status. Master theses are planned. Task 2.3 Reservoir studies. Leader: Prof. William Helland-Hansen UiB This task will define thickness, lateral continuity, and vertical stacking patterns of reservoir units, by analyzing their architecture and scale in time and space. Targeted datasets will be Barents Sea seismic and analogical exposures of sandstone and carbonate bodies (e.g. reservoir bodies). Hereunder, one purpose will be to combine quantitative outcrop studies with high resolution seismic, which will give a better prediction of expected reservoir quality in both frontier areas and for new exploration targets 2.3 Planned activities for 2014 Several studies are ongoing on facies studies and sequence stratigraphy in the archipelago and on the subsurface. The main task will be to establish a common data base for ongoing studies. Current status. Master theses are planned. Task 2.4 Trap and seal analysis. Leader: Prof. Alvar Braathen UNIS Detailed studies in seismics and onshore Svalbard will be used to identify and characterize traps. Similarly, cap rock integrity studies into fracture systems, sand and dolerite dikes, and faults will be undertaken in order to develop regionally applicable models for traps and the risk of encountering caprock bypass systems. 2.4 Planned activities for 2014 Within the R&D project UNIS CO2 LAB 4km of cored data of Upper Triassic, Jurassic and Lower Cetaceous strata are available for several ARCEx studies. The subsurface research at the UNIS CO2 lab us have been executed in cooperation with most universities and research institutions in Norway. UNIS CO2 Lab is Climit and industrial sponsored. One of the major efforts have been to verify seal capacity as pressure studies, mechanical and chemical properties of the cap rock. This data will be used to compare with similar studies offshore Barents Sea to get better constrain of the cap rocks i.e. fluid flow, fault sealing-healing and permeability in the context of hydrocarbon migration and entrapment. 16 Current status. Master theses are planned. Task 2.5 Quantitative analysis of petroleum systems and plays. Leader: Prof. Snorre Olaussen UNIS This task addresses quantitative models on generation, expulsion, migration, accumulation, and pressure and seal capacity based on the onshore and near shore data in Svalbard. By combining this and the four above mentioned tasks this undertaking will also be used to construct and discuss conceptual play fairway maps. Such play fairway maps can be transferred to the subsurface analysis of the Barents Sea and thereby give valuable input to better risk mitigation in frontier areas 2.5 Planned activities for 2014 As Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD) has all the data on all tested play concepts in the Barents Sea i.e. hold all historical exploration data on the basins on the Barents Sea. Based on these data the intention will then twofold 1) collect all subsurface data of drilled prospect and analyse their success and faultier criteria including play fair way analyses, and 2) in a regional context establish new untested play concepts and play fair way maps. Next step will be to use the onshore offshore link of the strata to improve conceptual play concepts. Current status. A 3 years post doc position on Quantitative analysis of petroleum systems and plays at UNIS is announced with application deadline May 2014. It is also initiated a dialogue with NPD for ½ year stay at NPD for a post Doc. Likewise Canadian Geological survey by dr. Ashton Embry is contacted for a short time visit to investigate their data base. 17 WP Leader: JoLynn Carroll UiT/BFE The exploration and development of resources in the Arctic is often characterized as involving a greater risk and severity of impacts to the environment relative to many other regions. This requires development of new environmental risk management approaches tailored to the unique exploration and future operational challenges for Arctic areas. The aim of the Environment component of the Centre is to provide essential knowledge and methodology for eco-safe exploration in the high north. Eco-safe refers to the use of best available technology and practices in order to minimize impacts and risks to the Arctic environment. WP 3 Main Goals The research performed in WP3 will produce new insight for industry on two key questions: 1. What is the potential for ecosystem impacts in the Arctic? 2. Which areas and time periods should be prioritized for exploration activities? Obtain new knowledge and data on Arctic ecosystems and food webs ● Obtain new knowledge and data on the sensitivity of key species to petroleum discharges within northern ecosystems ● Identify priority areas and time periods for exploration activities in the north ● Develop a theoretical risk uncertainty framework for the Arctic ● Recommend geophysical data acquisition strategies minimizing the impact on living organisms Task 3.1 Ecosystems connected to the benthos Leader: Prof. Paul Renard APN/UNIS Initial work performed in this task has been to begin joint planning of activities in Task 3.1 and Task 3.2. With both tasks focused on the collection of new ecological information, the task leaders have carried out regular meetings to discuss the logistical issues associated with the field work proposed to be conducted in 2016. The Task leaders have also been discussing how to coordinate their search efforts to hire a PhD student for each task. They plan to begin the hiring process in early 2015. 18 Task 3.2 Pelagic ecosystems and vertical export Leader: Prof. Paul Wassmann UiT-BFE See description given in Task 3.1 Task 3.3 Sensitivity of key species in northern systems Leader: Dr. Jasmine Nahrgang UiT-BFE The main effort thus far has been to initiate communication among UiT-The Arctic University of Norway (BFE), International Research Centre in Stavanger, and Akvaplan-niva, to discuss their respective activities related to the acquisition of ecotoxicology data on Arctic marine species. They are planning the development of a strategy to link their activities in order to generate synergy. This will also gradually develop into a common experimental plan, with protocols, to be implemented in a subsequent stage of the data acquisition activities to be performed through this Task. These efforts also include cooperation with the new educational program under establishment at UiT-The Arctic University of Norway. Task 3.4 Ecosystem impact assessment. Leader: Prof. JoLynn Carroll APN-UiT-NT During project initiation, the main objective has been to provide information to other task members on the data needs and formats required by the ecosystem modeling system. In addition, task participants have been engaging in research collaboration meetings to discuss procedures for implementing new data into the system. Task 3.5 Risk-uncertainty framework for the Arctic. Leader: Prof. Terje Aven UiS-SEROS A work plan for the development of the Risk-Uncertainty Framework is under development. The task leader is preparing to distribute this plan to all WP leaders. This is to communicate with the other WPs on critical information that is needed for the framework and to explore what can be generated through the research activities planned for the other WPs. The Task leader participated in the event, ' Workshop on risk research within RAmP', Tromsø, 21 February 2014. Here he presented the initial ideas on this Joint framework for risk and uncertainty. The framework highlights the knowledge dimension for the creation of a unified basis for risk management/risk governance. WP 3 Achievements for 2013 ARCEx project start-up activities WP administration routines for task leaders WP communication routines to ensure communication across tasks Initiated development of WP science plan Recruitment of a PhD student in the application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UVAs) for resource surveys in Arctic and Sub-Arctic regions Recruitment of a Professor II in the field of computer science Initiation of laboratory ecotoxicology experiments for selected Arctic species WP 3 Planned Activities for 2014 Hiring of PhD student: Ana Sofia Aniceto (start - March 2014) Hiring of Professor II position: Jonas Juselius (start – August 2014) 19 - Protocol harmonization for ecotoxicology experiments Laboratory ecotoxicology experiments for selected Arctic species Coordinated preparations for field studies on both the benthic and pelagic ecosystem of the Barents Sea Designing test scenarios in preparation for set-up and testing of the integrated ecosystem impact analysis model Planning of the Risk-Uncertainty Framework for the Arctic 20 WP leaders: Ståle Johansen NTNU/UiT / Prof. Tor Arne Johansen UiB Geoscientific exploration of the Arctic will meet challenges partly different from those we know from exploration of the North Sea and the Norwegian Sea. We will develop the best possible geophysical data acquisition strategies to use – both with respect to the environment and the data quality – during initial exploration, and, subsequent static and dynamic reservoir characterization. WP4 Main Goals Norway is one of the leading nations worldwide in developing improved geophysical technology. The project will consider and build on “state-of-the-art” technology as the initial strategy for the geophysical exploration of the Arctic. Key research topics are: Constraints for geophysical exploration in ecological vulnerable areas, Acquisition and processing of seismic data from sea ice, snow and snowcovered land, Remote sensing technology in support of seismic within and close to sea ice. Task 4.1 Constraints for geophysical exploration in ecological vulnerable areas. Leader: Prof. Martin Landrø NTNU 4.1 Goals • Develop eco-safe seismic sources at sea • Develop none-explosive eco-safe seismic sources on ice 4.1 Planned activities for 2014 • Evaluate how effective it is to use super-wide and super-long arrays in order to reduce the sound level in the water layer. Work has started with initial considerations and estimations. • High frequency output from air guns. Landrø et al. 2011 proposed that ghost cavitation might be a dominant cause for high frequencies generated by air gun arrays. In 2013 this study was followed 21 by a study investigating this effect in more detail by a new article in Geophysics. This year, we plan to continue these efforts and try to understand whether it is possible to attenuate this type of noise. • Review available information on 1) frequency-specific hearing sensitivities of various arctic marine organisms and 2) the seasonal fluctuations in the presence of potentially sensitive marine organisms, including fish, seals and whales. • 1 master project • 1 PhD project Task 4.2 Strategies for best possible seismic acquisition within and close to sea ice AND Task 4.3 Acquisition and processing of seismic data from sea ice, snow- and ice-covered land Leader: Prof. Tor A Johansen UiB 4.2 and 4.3 Plans and achievements for 2014 MSc Sverre-Christian Myklebust was awarded a PhD-position related to Tasks 4.2 and 4.3. The PhDperiod has been defined from 15th of January 2014 to 14th of January 2017. 3 MSc students, Margreth Jensen, Svein Bakke and Susanne Furland, started their master-thesis works related to the same tasks during autumn 2013 and spring 2014. Two of the MSc students are to graduate during late 2014. The following work on Task 4.2 has been initiated: • Develop procedures for seismic surveying on thick and strong sea ice. Study of seismic data acquired during March 2013 on the sea ice in Van Mijenfjorden, Svalbard. Particular emphasis is on describing the appearance and signature of flexural waves recorded on geophones on top of the ice, and on hydrophones beneath the ice, using various source configurations (point sources and line sources). • Develop procedures for seismic surveying below ice. Work has been started on gathering seismic equipment (4 component ocean bottom nodes from CGG and broad-frequency hydrophones) and further planning of seismic tests to take place either late spring 2014 or early 2015 on Van Mijenfjorden, Svalbard (dependent on sea ice conditions). The following work on Task 4.3 has been initiated: • Understand the various wave propagation phenomena on frozen land and frozen sea. Collection of seismic data acquired on permanently frozen ground, glaciers and sea ice. This data base will serve to study ice-generated seismic noise. Task 4.4 Remote sensing technology in support of seismic operations within and close to sea ice Leader: Dr. Rune Storvold NORUT 4.4 Achievements for 2013 Activities related to task 4.4 were carried out during the spring 2013 where Norut was part of a seaice expedition east of Svalbard. Here, initial measurements of sea-ice properties were conducted using 22 the Cryowing micro UAS. During the November and December, 2013 the UAS system was refined for ship based operations, and the system was tested from a supply ship in the North Sea. The system was also utilized for data collection of sea mammals in a joint campaign on whale monitoring in the fjords of Kvaløya. This work was lead by Akvaplan Niva. 4.4 Planned activities for 2014 The work on UAS development will continue in 2014, with emphasis on the payload instruments. Field campaigns will be conducted with focus on detection of ice-bergs and growlers, in addition to characterization of sea-ice properties. Data will be collected for the new PhD. Student that will be joining ARCEx, who is to work on machine vision based tracking of ice-bergs and growlers linked with UAS navigation and control. The following personnel are currently involved in the activities: Senior scientist Rune Storvold Senior scientist Stian Solbø Engineer Andreas Tøllefsen Engineer Kjell Sture Johansen Task 4.5 Use of seismic and Controlled Source Electromagnetic Method (CSEM) data for exploration and monitoring reservoir systems of the Arctic Leader: Prof. Ståle Johansen NTNU 4.5 Goals • Understand the combined potential in CSEM data and seismic data for direct hydrocarbon identification in Artic basins • Understand the combined potential in CSEM data and seismic data for improved reservoir monitoring 4.5 Planned activities for 2014 • Study the general reservoir properties (lithology, porosity, permeability and anisotropy) and link these to geological structures of general Barents Sea reservoir compartments to emphasize their potential of being detected by combined use of seismic and CSEM. • Study of the potential for reservoir monitoring during production either by seismic individually and combined with CSEM. • Develop workflows for reservoir monitoring using repeated (time lapse) surface seismic data combined with ocean bottom geophones and CSEM. • 1 master project • 1 PhD project Task 4.6 Geophysical imaging of prospects and reservoirs from field analogues on Svalbard and Greenland Leader: Prof. S. Johansen NTNU 23 4.6 Goal Improved utilization of exposed onshore geology for improved offshore exploration 4.6 Planned activities for 2014 • Perform geological and geophysical field work of selected outcrops on Svalbard and Greenland. • Build realistic impedance models using onshore geometry and a combination of onshore and offshore petrophysical data. • Carry out both seismic and CSEM simulations of various geological settings and burial depths. • 1 master project • 1 PhD project 24 WP leaders: Jasmine Nahrgang UiT/BFE and Jan Sverre Laberg UiT Education and outreach will play a central role in ARCEx, which will offer international top-level petroleum geology, geophysics (G&G), biology and ecotoxicology (B&E) education at Bachelor-, Master- and PhD-level by offering new tailored courses at UiT addressing the current knowledge on the Barents Sea with its petroleum systems and environments, and through collaboration with the partner universities. The Centre will also bring all Centre students to annual partner workshops where state-of-the-art of the Centre research is discussed with partners (and their students), identifying knowledge gaps and discussing future perspectives. The courses will be incorporated in the research schools of ”Arctic Marine Geology and Geophysics (AMGG)” and “Arctic marine ecosystem research (ARCTOS)” at the UiT-NT and UiT-BFE faculties. Results will be made publically available through a dedicated website (http://www.arcex.no), a newsletter, popular and scientific reports and presentations, and peer reviewed journals. WP5 Achievements for 2013 and plans for 2014 In 2013 we have focused on the following activities within WP5: 1. Initiate the ARCEx web-page (www.arcex.no) in close cooperation with our partners. The web page will have both an open and a closed domain to meet the needs of public and internal users. 2. Initiate a new master study in petroleum geoscience at the Department of Geology, UIT the Arctic University of Norway. Here we have finished a proposal based on input from the other WP leaders. For 2014 we will give priority to: 1. Further development of the ARCEx web page. 25 2. Have the new master study in petroleum geoscience ready for the first students to start from the autumn of 2015. Our proposal has been accepted by the Department board and has now been forwarded to the Faculty administration for approval. 3. The planning of new courses that will be part of the master study in petroleum geoscience. These courses will be given by the new Prof II positions of ARCEx which now are in the processes of being recruited. Later, the 2 new Professors at UIT will have the main responsibility for the new courses in petroleum geoscience. These courses will be within the topics of ; (i) the Barents Sea petroleum systems and basin analysis, and (ii) a multi-disciplinary course for students in petroleum-related studies 4. Integrate relevant courses at UNIS in our list of optional courses for the master study in petroleum geoscience at UIT. This includes the course: Environmental impact and risk analysis for the Barents Sea Ecosystems. 5. Integrate relevant courses at BFE-UIT in our list of optional courses for the master study in petroleum geoscience at UIT: BIO 2XXX Environmental challenges and Petromaritime industry at BFE-UIT. 6. Start of the New BSc Study Programme “Arktisk forurensningsbiologi og forvaltning” at BFEUIT in the autumn 2014 with the creation of new courses in collaboration with ArCEx WP5 7. Development of a new course “Environmental impact and risk analysis for the Barents Sea ecosystems” with involvement of Prof. II (WP3) as lecturer. 8. Development of a new broad courses at UNIS/AT on Petroleum Sciences (Geology, Biology, Technology) through a Norwegian/Russian project (BAMSE finansed via SIU) and coordinated together with ARCEx and EWMA. This course will be included in the course catalogues for both geology, biology and technology students from Norway and involves guest lecturers from the different projects. 9. Preparation for a Master study programme for 2015/2016. 26 INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION All WP has significant international collaboration with high quality institutions that will contribute to the success of ARCEx. Table3 below present the institutes and key researchers involved internationally. Work Packages 1. Basin analysis 2.Petroleum systems and play concepts 1. Environmental Risk Management 4. Technology for eco-safe exploration in the Arctic 5. Education and Outreach Institutions Researchers Moscow State University VNIIOkeangeologia VSEGEI GFZ Potsdam GEOMAR AWI (Alfred Wegener Institute) University of Warsaw/Polish Acad.Sci. University of Rennes Uthrecht University GEUS Geological Survey of Canada University of Copenhagen Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Potsdam Gubkin University, Moscow University of Nebraska at Omaha ARCTOS Network Karelian Research Centre Bates College, Maine USA Murmansk Marine Biol. Institute Prof. Antonina Stoupakova Prof. Oleg Suprunenko Dr. Oleg Petrov Dr. Magdalena Scheck Wenderoth Prof. Lars Ruepke, Prof. Ernst Fluh Dr. Wilfried Jokat Dr. Marek Grad Prof. Jean Pierre Brun Prof. Dimitrions Sokoutis Dr. Peter Japsen Dr. Ashton Embry Prof. Lars Stemmerik Prof. Brian Horsfield, Prof. Rolando di Primio Prof.Anatoly Zolotukhin Prof. Harmon Maher See Letter of Cooperatin Prof. Igor Bakhmet Prof. Beverly Johnsen Prof. Gennady G. Matishov Stanford University, UC California, USA Univ of Campinas, Brazil Moscow State University, Petroleum Geology Department Prof. Gary Mavko Prof. Martin Tygel Prof. Antonina Stupakova Table 5. International partners in ARCEx activities. RECRUITMENT The plan for the recruitment is given in Table 1. An overview of recruitment within the specific work packages is indicated below: WP1: WP2 - PhD 1.1 UiT/IG 01.09.2014 to 31.08.2017 PhD 1.4 UiB 01.10.2014 to 30.09.2017 PostDoc 1.1 UiO 01.08.2014 to 31.07.2016 Prof II 1.1 UiT/IG Faleide 01.04.2014 Prof 1.1 UiT/IG 01.01.2015 – (permanent) PhD 2.1 UiT/IG 01.10.2014 to 30.09.2017 PostDoc 2.1 UNIS 01.08.2014 to 31.07.2017 (third year is taken from PhD 2.2 UNIS which is combined with PhD from other project) 27 WP3 WP4 - Prof II 1.1 UiT/IG S. Olaussen 01.04.2014 Prof 2.1 UiT/IG 01.01.2015 – (permanent) PhD 3.1 APN 03.03.2014 – 02.03.2017 PostDoc 3.1. BFE (in kind) 01.10.2013 - 30.09.10.2016 Prof II APN Computer Science 01.08.2014 Prof II UiT/BFE Sensitivity key species 01.08.2014 PhD 4.1 NORUT 01.08.2014 – 31.07.2017 PhD 4.2 NTNU 01.10.2014 – 30.09.2017 PhD 4.3 UiB 15.01.2014 - 14.01.2017 Prof II 4.1. Ståle Johansen UiT/IG 01.04.2014 - Enclosure for ARCEx 2013 - Personnel - Accounts - Publications 28
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