Jordan Lake Background
for
Jordan Lake Committee
Legislative Research Commission
Division of Water Resources
Tom Reeder – Director
January 22, 2014
• History of Jordan Lake Impoundment
• Uses of the Lake
• Jordan Lake Water Quality
• Nutrient Strategy Mandates and Status
• WQ Improvement Demonstration Project
History of Jordan Lake
Impoundment
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1945 – Disastrous flooding in Cape Fear River Basin
1945 – Congress -> USACE study water resource needs
1963 – Authorized “New Hope Reservoir”
1967 – Construction begins
1971 – USACE Environmental Impact Study
1979 – Federal Court allows impoundment of lake
1981-1982 – Impoundment
1983 Report recommended point and nonpoint controls
1983 – Designated Nutrient Sensitive Water by EMC
• Phosphorus limits imposed on wastewater dischargers
Authorized for purposes of:
• Flood Damage Reduction
• Water Supply
• Water Quality Control
• Fish and Wildlife Habitat
• Outdoor Recreation
Allocation Holder
Allocation (MGD)
Towns of Cary and Apex
32
Chatham County
6
City of Durham
10
Town of Holly Springs
2
Town of Morrisville
3.5
Orange County
1
Orange Water & Sewer
Authority
5
Wake County - RTP South
3.5
Total
63 mgd
3rd Round, approved by EMC on July 2002
Additional communities interested in allocation:
 Sanford
 Fayetteville Public Works Commission
 Hillsborough
 Pittsboro
Jordan Lake Watershed
Haw Subwatershed
35% N
5% P
8% N
5% P
‘97-’01 Baseline
Upper
New Hope
Subwatershed
0% N
0% P
Lower
New Hope
Subwatershed
8
New H op
e Creek
C re ek
M o rga n
B. Everett Jordan Lake
DWQ Sampling Stations
CPF086CUPS
Upper New Hope
Arm
(UNH)
CPF081A1CUPS
CPF086C
CPF081A1C
CPF049
. 15
U .S
CPF086F
CPF087B
50 1
CPF087B3
b
SR
a
1 00
8
BYNUM
CPF087D
Haw River
CPF050
CPF08801A
.6
U .S
Haw River
Arm
4
CPF0880A
(historical)
Lower New Hope
Arm
(LNH)
New Hope River arm
ab c
de
CPF055C
CPF0880A
(2000 - 2001 Study)
CPF0884A
CPF055E
Jordan Lake Dam
N
2000 - 2001 DWQ Stations
•
•
•
•
•
•
Consistently rated as eutrophic or hyper-eutrophic
2002 – UNH impaired for Chlorophyll-a
2006 – LNH & Haw impaired for Chlorophyll-a
2006 – Haw impaired for pH
2006 – UNH impaired for Turbidity
2008 – UNH (portion) impaired for pH
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Mean Chlorophyll a
Haw River Arm of Jordan Lake
20
13
20
12
Percent > Standard CPF055C
Percent > Standard CPF055D
Percent > Standard CPF055E
25
20
15
10
5
0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
CPF055C
CPF055D
CPF055E
Percent > Standard (40 µg/L)
0
20
11
0
20
10
10
20
09
10
20
08
20
20
07
20
20
06
30
20
05
30
20
04
40
20
03
40
20
02
50
CPF055C
CPF055D
CPF055E
No. of Samples
60
50
20
01
Chlorophyll a (µg/L)
60
60
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
Chlorophyll-a graph for LNH
No. of Samples
CPF087B3
CPF087D
CPF0880A
20
13
20
12
20
11
20
10
20
09
20
08
20
07
20
06
20
05
20
04
20
03
20
02
0
20
01
0
Percent > Standard CPF087B3
Percent > Standard CPF087D
Percent > Standard CPF0880A
25
20
15
10
5
0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
CPF087B3
CPF087D
CPF0880A
Percent > Standard (40 µg/L)
Chlorophyll a (µg/L)
Mean Chlorophyll a
Lower New Hope Creek Arm of Jordan Lake
100
90
90
80
80
70
70
60
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
13
20
12
20
11
20
10
20
09
20
08
20
07
20
06
20
04
0
20
03
0
20
02
10
20
01
10
CPF086C
CPF081A1C
CPF086F
No. of Samples
20
Chl-a Graph for UNH
Percent > Standard CPF086C
Percent > Standard CPF081A1C
Percent > Standard CPF086F
25
20
15
10
5
0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
CPF086C
CPF081A1C
CPF086F
Percent > Standard (40 µg/L)
100
20
05
Chlorophyll a (µg/L)
Mean Chlorophyll a
Upper New Hope Creek Arm of Jordan Lake
1.4
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
Upper New Hope Arm CPF081A1C
Lower NewXHope
DataArm CPF087B3
Haw River Arm - CPF055C
20
13
20
12
20
11
20
10
20
09
20
08
20
07
20
06
20
05
20
04
20
03
20
02
00
1
0.0
19
97
-2
Total Nitrogen (mg/L)
1.2
0.16
0.12
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
Upper New Hope Arm CPF081A1C
Lower New
Hope Arm CPF087B3
X Data
Haw River Arm - CPF055C
20
13
20
12
20
11
20
10
20
09
20
08
20
07
20
06
20
05
20
04
20
03
20
02
00
1
0.00
19
97
-2
Total Phosphorus (mg/L)
0.14
pH in Jordan Lake
10.0
1984
2010
9.5
9.0
pH (su)
8.5
8.0
7.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Projected Conditions Without
Nutrient Rules
•
Population Growth
•
Other regulations, Phase II Stormwater?
• No wastewater controls
• No agriculture controls
• No existing development controls
• No nutrient requirements for New Development
Federal Mandates on Nutrients
Federal Clean Water Act (1972)
40 CFR
• 130.3 Standards
• Requires states to adopt and uphold
• 130.7 - TMDLs
• Requires setting and implementing load limits on
impaired waters if not addressed otherwise
EMC required to:

NC §143B-282 – Protect/restore, rules, all sources

1997 - NC Clean Water Responsibility Act, SL 1997-458
 Set goals for Nutrient Sensitive Waters
 Enforce discharge load limits
 Require all sources reduce “fair, reasonable, proportionate”

2005 Drinking Water Supply Reservoir Protection Act, SL
2005-190
 Develop nutrient control criteria
 Freeze Jordan allocations until strategy in place
 Develop strategy for Falls

1999-2002: Dischargers develop lake model

2003-2006: Stakeholder processes
2003-2004: Facilitated goal setting, concept development
 2005: Public review of concepts, draft rules
 2006: Individual rule revision meetings


2007-2008: EMC rulemaking
2007: Hearings, comment period, hearing officers revise
 2008: EMC adopts, RRC approves rules



2009: General Assembly – Eff. Aug 2009
2009-2013: Session Laws Affect Rules










.0262 - Purpose and Scope (Goals) 5
.0263 - Definitions
.0264 - Agriculture6
.0265 - Stormwater- New Development2,4,6
.0266 - Stormwater- Existing Development 1,6
.0267, .0268, .0269 - Riparian Buffer Rules2,6
.0270 - Wastewater Discharges1, 3,6
.0271 - Stormwater - State and Federal Entities2,6
.0272 - Fertilizer Management
.0273 - Trading
1 Affected
by SL 2009-216
4Affected
by SL 2012 200 & 201
2 Affected
by SL 2009-484
5Affected
by SL 2012-187
3Affected
by SL 2011-394
6Affected
by SL 2013-395
N Inputs to Arms of Jordan Lake
Upper New Hope Arm
Lower New Hope Arm
Forest
9%
Combined
Developed
Lands
34%
Ag
5%
Point
Sources
52%
Haw River Arm
Forest
10%
Point
Sources
35%
Combined
Developed
Lands
25%
Ag
30%
Forest
18%
PSs
4%
Ag
34%
Combined
Developed
Lands
44%






Agriculture
 2011 - Accounting Tool approved in 2011
 2013 - Report to EMC – Cropland N meeting goal
New Development Stormwater
 2011- Model Program and Ordinance approved
 2012 – Local Programs approved
Buffer Protection & Mitigation
 2009 – DWQ Implemented areas
 2010 – Local Governments
2009 - Wastewater Phosphorus
State/Federal New Development Stormwater
 Non-DOT - 2012
 DOT – 2013
2012 - Fertilizer Management Plans and Training



2018 - Agriculture
2017 - New Development Stormwater
Existing Development Stormwater
Local Governments and State & Fed Entities




2016 – Model Program Approval
2018 – UNH implementation based on monitoring
trigger
2021 – LNH & Haw implementation based on
monitoring trigger
2019 or 2021 - Wastewater Nitrogen
Nutrient Loading Requirements in North Carolina
TPBA Nutrient Limit facilities (15)
TN Limit facilities (64)
TP Limit facilities (109)
Impaired for Chlorophyll a –(68 AUs)
Green Watersheds- Nutrient Strategy In Place.
19,094 mi2 (36.2% of NC) 4,037,500 people (50.0%)
Strategy in Development 3,854 mi2 (7.3% of NC)
842,504 people (10.4%)
Impaired Watersheds Strategy Coming 362 mi2
(0.7% of NC) 65,971 people (0.8%)
Impairment
Shellfish areas (bacteria)
Aquatic life (insects & fish)
Low dissolved oxygen
PCBs in fish
Nutrients
Other
Total
Number of
locations
577
320
46
36
35
194
1208





Jordan Lake is currently impaired due to chlorophyll a
(algae) exceedances in the summer months
A contributing factor is the presence of cyanobacteria
and Harmful Algae Blooms (HABs)
HABs require nutrients and stagnant water
HABs produce toxins, odors, high pH, low dissolved
oxygen and can result in fish kills
HABs restrict the development of zoo plankton and
other organisms that can naturally control chlorophyll
a
New H op
e Creek
C re ek
M o rga n
B. Everett Jordan Lake
DWQ Sampling Stations
Jordan Reservoir
CPF086CUPS
CPF081A1CUPS
CPF086C
CPF081A1C
CPF049
. 15
U .S
CPF086F
CPF087B
50 1
Upper & Lower
New Hope ArmsHydraulic
Retention Time
= 418 Days
CPF087B3
b
SR
a
1 00
8
BYNUM
CPF087D
Haw River
CPF050
CPF08801A
.6
U .S
Haw River ArmHydraulic
Retention Time
= 5 days
4
CPF0880A
(historical)
New Hope River arm
ab c
de
CPF055C
CPF0880A
(2000 - 2001 Study)
CPF0884A
CPF055E
Jordan Lake Dam
N
2000 - 2001 DWQ Stations
The Proposal
Provide long flow circulation of water in the lake to
reduce the areas of stagnant water, breaking the HAB
cycle
Aeration/mixing devices will be deployed to provide
circulation in Morgan Creek and Haw River arms.
Deployment
Project Milestones
January 2014 – Finalize lease
March 2014 – Deploy mixing units in the Haw River and Morgan Creek
Arms of Jordan Lake
April 2014– All units in place and operational
October 1, 2015 – Interim Report due to Environmental Review
Commission
April 1, 2016 – Final Report due to Environmental Review Commission
Contact Information
Tom Reeder
Director, NC Division of Water Resources
919-707-9027
[email protected]

Updates to Rainwater Manual Bioretention Guidance

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