Cellular Lightweight Concrete Using Fly Ash

ISSN: 2319-8753
International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,
Engineering and Technology
(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization)
Vol. 3, Issue 11, November 2014
Cellular Lightweight Concrete Using Fly Ash
P.S.Bhandari1 , Dr. K.M.Tajne 2
Assistant Professor, Priyadarshini College of Engineering, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India 1
Assistant Professor, Priyadarshini College of Engineering, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India 2
ABSTRACT: Cellu lar Light weight Concrete (CLW C) is not a new invention in concrete world. It has been known
since ancient times. It was made using natural aggregates of volcanic origin such as pumice, scoria, etc. The Greeks
and the Ro mans used pumice in building construction. In this paper, parametric experimental study for producing
CLW C using fly ash is presented. The performance o f cellu lar lightweight concrete in term of density and compressive
strength are investigated. From the result, it can be seen that compressive strength for cellular light weight concrete is
low for lo wer density mixture. The increments of void throughout the sample caused by the foam in the mixture lowers
the density. As a result, compressive strength will also decrease with the increments in void. As strength increases its
density also increases. The test result shows that the compressive strength of replacement mixture with 1% of foam is
higher than of 1.4% foam. Co mpressive strength of mixture with 1.2% foam is slightly higher than that of 1.4% foam.
In this experimental study, two grades of cement such as 53 and 43 grade cement are used. Co mpressive strength of 53
grade cement is slightly higher than 43 grade cement.
KEYWORDS: cellular light weight concrete, CLWC, fly ash, volcanic, pumice, foam, Co mpressive strength.
I. INTRODUCTION
Concrete is most important construction materials. Concrete is a material used in building construction, consisting of a
hard, chemically inert particu late substance, known as an aggregate that is bonded together by cement and water.
In upcoming years there has been an increasing worldwide demand for the construction of buildings, roads and an
airfield which has mit igate the raw material in concrete like aggregate. In some ruler areas, the huge quantities of
aggregate that have already been used means that local materials are no longer available and the d eficit has to be made
up by importing materials fro m other place. Therefore a new direction towards Cellular Lightweight Concrete in
building and civil engineering construction is used.
The orig in of the CLW C is d ifficult to assess, it would not be an exaggeration to say that its roots are fro m the ancient
period. With the increase in the demand of CLW C and the unavailability of the aggregates, technology for producing
lightweight aggregates has been developed. Lightweight concrete is the type of concrete which includes an expanding
agent in that it increases the volume of the mixture and lessened the dead weight. It is lighter than the conventional
concrete. It was first introduced by the Ro mans in the second century where ‘The Pantheon’ has been construct ed using
pumice. It is most common type of aggregate used in second century. CLW C can be achieved by o mitting the finer
sizes of the aggregate or replacing them by a light weight, cellular or porous aggregate. Particularly, lightweight
concrete can be categorized into three groups:
i) No-fines concrete.
ii) Lightweight aggregate concrete.
iii) Aerated/Foamed concrete/cellu lar concrete/gas concrete. (Hjh Kamsiah Mohd, et al.)
II. MATERIALS
Cellu lar lightweight concrete is slurry of cement, sand, water, fly ash and preformed stable foam generated by foam
generating machine. 53 and 43 grade Ordinary Po rtland Cement is used. In this mix, one part of cementious material
(i.e. cement and fly ash) and 3 part of sand is used. This dry material is properly mixed in a concrete mixer. After dry
mixing, water is added and mixed it until homogeneous mix is formed. While mixing, 1% foaming agent (of
Copyright to IJIRSET
DOI: 10.15680/IJIRSET.2014.0311076
www.ijirset.com
17635
ISSN: 2319-8753
International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,
Engineering and Technology
(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization)
Vol. 3, Issue 11, November 2014
cementious material) are added and mixed it. Due to foaming agent and mixing process, air voids are generated
resulting decrease in density. Then this material is poured in a concrete mould and after 24 hours put it for curing.
Co mpressive strength is determined for 3 days, 7 days and 28 days. Three samples are p repared for each test and
average of these three is taken.
Materials Used:
1) Ordinary Port land cement: –53 grade and 43 grade cement is used
2) Sand: - Sand passing through 2.36 mm IS sieve.
3) Water: - Potable water as per IS 456:2000 is used.
4) Fly ash: - Pozzolona fly ash is taken fro m ash-silo Khaperkheda Therma l power plant,
Nagpur.
5) Foaming agent: - Foam generating admixture by SIKA A ER is used.
FIG .1 SHOWS MIX PREPARED
FIG .2 SHOWS CUBES PREPARED FO R TEST
III. TES T RES ULTS
In this section, discussions are focused on the performance of lightweight concrete. The results presented are regarding
the compressive strength test and density for 53 and 43 grade OPC mix for Cellular lightweight concrete.
Table1shows 28 days compressive strength and density for 53 OPC
53 grade OPC
Avg.compressive
Avg. density in
strength in MPa
kg/m3
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1
14.73
1850
2
13.72
1822.10
3
13.69
1820
4
10.96
1819
5
10.47
1817
DOI: 10.15680/IJIRSET.2014.0311076
www.ijirset.com
17636
ISSN: 2319-8753
International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,
Engineering and Technology
(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization)
Vol. 3, Issue 11, November 2014
6
10.03
1817
7
9.64
1816
8
9.45
1815
9
9.45
1814.45
10
6.68
1649.27
11
6.38
1620.11
12
6.20
1615.15
13
6.18
1615.15
14
6.20
1613
15
5.07
1507.58
Fro m Tab le 1, it can be seen that compressive strength for cellular lightweight concrete is lo w for lower density
mixtu re.
Table2 shows 28 days compressive strength and density for 43grade OPC
43 grade
OPC
Avg.compressive
strength in MPa
Avg.density
in kg/ m3
1
13.78
1828.58
2
11.09
1811.60
3
4
10.84
9.43
1810
1808
5
8.35
1801.31
6
8.39
1801.26
7
8.61
1790.82
8
8.23
1788.23
9
6.58
1651.31
10
6.07
1607.58
11
5.41
1561.80
12
5.38
1532.65
13
4.89
1461.35
14
4.41
1449.27
15
4.84
1423.65
Fro mTable2, it can be seen that compressive strength for cellular lightweight concrete is lo w fo r lower density mixtu re.
Copyright to IJIRSET
DOI: 10.15680/IJIRSET.2014.0311076
www.ijirset.com
17637
ISSN: 2319-8753
International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,
Engineering and Technology
(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization)
Vol. 3, Issue 11, November 2014
28 days compressive strength in Mpa
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
1.4
1.45 1.5 281.55
1.6 1.65
1.7 31.75 1.8 1.85
days density
in gram/cm
compressive strength for different density for 43 opc
Graph (1) shows the comparison of compressive strength and density for 53 and 43 grade OPC
Fro m Graph1, it can be found that Compressive strength of 53 grade cement is slightly higher than 43 g rade cement,
but as strength increases its density also increases.
III. CONCLUSION
The purpose of this experiment study is to identify the performance of cellu lar lightweight concrete in term of density
and compressive strength. The results are presented in Table No. 1, 2 and graphical representation of compressive
strength and density is illustrated in Graph (1). Based on result it can be seen that co mpres sive strength for cellular
lightweight concrete is lo w for lower density mixture. The increments of voids throughout the sample caused by the
foam in the mixture lower the density. As a result, compressive strength also decreases with the increment of thos e
voids. Co mpressive strength of 53 g rade cement is slightly higher than 43 grade cement, but as strength increases its
density also increases. Cellular lightweight concrete is acceptable for framed structure. Cellular light weight concrete
can be suitable for earthquake areas.
R EFERENCES
[1] Hjh Kamsiah Mohd, Mohamad Shazli Fathi,Norpadzlihatun bte Manaf “study of lightweight concrete behavior”, Vol No : 71908
[2] Mohd Roji Samidi,(1997). First report research project on lightweight concrete, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor Bahru.
[3] Formed Lightweight Concrete. www.pearliteconcreteforrorepair.com
[4] Shan Somayuji (1995), Civil Engineering Materials, N.J Prentice
[5] Norizal, Production of Foamed Concrete. USM. www.hsp.usm.my/Norizal/hbp.htm
[6] Liew Chung Meng, Introduction to Lightweight Concrete. www.maxpages.com
[7] Cellular Lightweight Cocrete, Plan City/NCS LLC. www. Neoporsystem.com
[8] Flying Concrete-Introduction to Lightweight Concrete, by US Department of Interior Bereau of Reclamation. www.geocities.com
[9] Application on Litebuilt @ Aerated and Composite Concrete by PT Y LTD.
[10]A.M Neville (1985), Properties of concrete, Pitman .
[11] IsmailMat Lazim Zakaria,(1978). Bahan dan Binaan, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
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DOI: 10.15680/IJIRSET.2014.0311076
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