The International Journal of Learning: Annual Review - Volume 20 Associate Editors Prof. Janka Levická Dr. Yow-jyy Joyce Lee Dr Aspasia Togia Anastasia Pampouri Dr. Lisalee D. Egbert Dr. Cheryll Duquette Dr. Nancy Drickey Dr. Gabriel Julien Dr. Carol Walker Dr. Barry Costas Prof. Aikaterini Michalopoulou Dr. Lefkothea Kartasidou Dr. Dawn Behan Dr. Robert Townsend Dr. Rami Rashkovits Dr. Daniel Tello Silva MEd Olimpia Silvestre Dr. Shelly Shuch Paul Moerman Dr. Johan van der Jagt Dr. Ellene Tratras Contis Dr. Donna Schnorr The International Journal of Adult, Community, and Professional Learning - Volume 20 Associate Editors Dr. Jana Marie Havigerová Dr. Zuzana Truhlářová Prof. Janka Levická Dr. Anne Arendt Dr. Jonathan Westover Anastasia Pampouri Dr. Rachel Perry (ZOPE ERROR) Dr. Georgios Fessakis Jennifer Fox Maria-Teresa Speziale Assoc. Prof. Andrew M. Guilfoyle Dr. Gabriel Julien Dr. Lesley Ljungdahl Cathleen Stutz Susanne Rubenstein Dr. Siu-man Wong Dr. Madan Lal Gupta Dr. Jana Krátká Dr. Odette Bruneau Dr. Janet Lynne Currie Dr. Robert Townsend Miss Pamela Hodson Dr. Christopher Olusola Omoregie Helen Yost Dr. Janice T. Jones Annette Berndt Dr. Jacqui Rogers Mark Levitan Lynn Leschke Dr. Elizabeth Latimer Dr. Antonio López Carmona Tatzia Langlo Weiming Liu Dr. Deesha Chadha Dr. Chimezie Njoku Dr. Eugenia A. Panitsides Dr. Esther Obiageli Okobia Isabel Sandra Fernandes Dr. Jay Cohen Dr. Florence Kabahamba Ameri Prof. Mogana Dhamotharan Dr. Jin Mao Dr Susanne Owen The International Journal of Assessment and Evaluation Volume 20 Associate Editors Dr. Abdulrazaq Imam Dr. Matti T. Koivisto Chantana Papattha Dr. Becky Hall Ms Sirinut Sawatdeenarunat Zia Collinsfree Dr. Barbara Looney Dr. David Shannon Dr. Jennifer A. Wells-Marshall Dr. Deborah A. Stevens-Smith Muhammad Azeem Mei-Ling Chen Dr. Adel Al-Bataineh Dr. Suzanne Hudson Dr. Evdokia Karavas Dr. Pamela Parker Dr. Paula Benevene Yen-ju Hou Dr. Cecilia Hegamin-Younger Dr. Ifigenia Kofou Dr. Hazar Shehadeh Henry Ma Prof. Francis J. A. Van Loon Dr. Theda Thomas Dr. Mária Laczkó Dr. Theodora Issa Asst. Prof. Yu-wei Chu Dr. Linda Kuk Anna-Lena Godhe Dr. Lucy Eraikhuemen Dr Christopher Wiley Brian Duffy Luis Jorge Martín Antón Irene O. I. Iluobe Therese Demediuk Mapula Matimolane Thomas Sedumedi Dr. Lynn Burnett Dr. Pieter Spooren Wim Christiaens Prof. Dimitri Mortelmans The International Journal of Early Childhood Learning - Volume 20 Associate Editors Dr. Ulla Damber Dr. Jana Marie Havigerová Dr Monika Zumarova Maria Vlachou Dr. Panagiotis Stamatis Alexandros Todas Dr. Nantarat Kruea-In Dr. Zoyah Kinkead-Clark Dr. Maria Papadopoulou Dr. Maura Sellars Dr. Evdokia Karavas Prof. Domna Kakana Prof. Aikaterini Michalopoulou Dr. Susanne Garvis Dr. Tamader Jassim Al Thani Dr. Gerasimos Koustourakis Dr. I-Fang Lee Dr. Lai Ha, Freda Yuen Dr. Vasilia Kourtis-Kazoullis Assoc. Prof. Krystyna Nowak-Fabrykowski Rosario Neira-Piñeiro Dr Polyxeni Manoli Dr. Svetlana Guseva Dr. Susan Alexandra Boddie Assoc. Prof. Reesa Sorin Eden Haywood-Bird Dr. Mary Kimani The International Journal of Educational Organization and Leadership - Volume 20 Associate Editors Dr. Ulla Damber Georgios N. Kouziokas Hasan Kaili Assist. Prof. Eleni Prokou Mark Fenster Gulcihan Hasanoglu Maria Roussou Dr. Rene Martinez Dr. Rohan Jowallah Dr. Gabriel Julien Dr. Bridget Connor Dr. John Thompson Manolis Amvrosiadis Dr. Madan Lal Gupta Michael W. Seymour Dr. Tang Wai-yan Ronald Prof. Riccardo Giorgio Zuffo Dr. Comfort Abosede Okotoni Dr. Miroslava B. Vargas Dr. Ifigenia Kofou Wan Safuraa Wan Osman Chaya Surajbali-Bissoonauth Anne Emmanuel Omori Dr. Yehudith Weinberger Dr. Theodora Issa Dr. Satu Uusiautti Tiina Mäkelä Prof. Marja Kankaanranta The International Journal of Learner Diversity and Identities Volume 20 Associate Editors Dr Geyang Zhou Dr. Jana Marie Havigerová Dr Jess Rodgers Assoc.Prof.Dr. Namon Jeerungsuwan Johanna Funk Narongsak Sangpom Dr. Khadeegha Alzouebi Dr. Damian Maher Maria Peterson Elissavet Theodoridou Dr. Chrysanthi S. Tiliakou Brittany Dixon Grace Tan Garyfalia Charitaki Dr. Franco Vaccarino Sue Ralph Dr. Melanie Shaw Dr. Magda Mostafa Dr. Gabriel Julien Dr. Lesley Ljungdahl Dr. Nicole Shipton Dr. Eleni Andreou Patrick Baughan Dr. Anat Raviv Pamela Delly Prof. Liam Morgan Dr. Temitayo Oluwatelure Dr. Panagiotis Varsamis Dr. Douglas Luckie S. Gandhimathi Dr. Rosalina Diaz-Miranda Dr. Carolyn Woodley Yen-ju Hou Dr. Kristina A. Peterson Dr. Hsuan-Yau Tony Lai Dr. Kathy S. Quinn Dr. Jonathan deHaan John Brian Power Dr. Chantal Mayer-Crittenden Roxanne Finn Kaori Shimizu Ioanna Dimitriadou Dr. Catherine Grant Eireni Kouremenou Dr. Yuk Ching Lai Dr. Ali Mahmood Jukil Galali Dr. Zane Curry Dr. Jim Paul Prof. Christopher Berg The International Journal of Learning in Higher Education Volume 20 Associate Editors Jinsuk Yang Dr. Clifford Tyler Dr Theo J. Bastiaens Prof. S.K. Tang Dr. Boglarka Kiss Dr. Federico Scaroni Dr. Robin James Gang Chen Assoc.Prof.Dr. Namon Jeerungsuwan Narongsak Sangpom Sofia Theodoridou Antonija Mitrovic Dr. Marilyn Mallue Tanja Lee Cacilda Encarnação Augusto Alvarenga Moulay Larbi Chalal Timothy F. Fahey Deborah Collins Amarin Tawata Prof. Peter Hudson Jennifer Stokes Coral Cara Dr. Teboho Pitso Dr. Mette Baran Dr. Afolasade Airat Sulaiman Dr. Lesley Ljungdahl Dr. Hedva Lewittes Dr. Zena O’Connor Fay Stevens Thomas Bjørner Dr. Temitayo Oluwatelure Dr. Kayode O. Fayokun Prof. Abalo Adewui S. Gandhimathi Claire de Than Dr. Jingzi Huang Dr. Dennis Bryant Hsueh-yu Cheng Dr. Muhammad Aamir Hashmi Dr. Paul Sendziuk Dr. Hazar Shehadeh Dr. Tsafi Timor Dr. Chinny Nzekwe-Excel Dr. Mohamad Hani Termos Dr. Stephen Anthony Larmar Dr. Tomayess Issa Dr. Theodora Issa Prof. Dee Pratt Dr. David Newlyn Dr. Charita Ray-Blakely Dr. Elizabeth Latimer Dr. Robin Ringstad Shannon Haley-Mize Brett Moore Dr. Chineze Uche Dr. Deesha Chadha Prof. Martina Kotzé Hamidah Mohd Ismail Prof. Flávia Vieira Matthew Cooper Annette Watkins Isabel Barbosa Feifei Han PhD Maria Elisa Maiolo Dr. Lynn Burnett Dr. David Walker Elizabeth Briten Dr. Trish Parrish Dr. Vanessa Ann Cooper Dr. Jennifer Way Dr. Maurice Ward The International Journal of Literacies - Volume 20 Associate Editors Dr. Constandina Economou Dr. Emmanouil Sofos Dr. Marianthi Oikonomakou Hasan Kaili Dr Aytac Celtek Dr. Karen L. Rudick Dr. Athina Sipitanou Dr. Kai Bellows-Riecken Mou-Tzu Yang Assoc. Prof. Periklis Tagkas Dr. Sylvie Blain Dr. Lesley Ljungdahl Paul S. Berg Prof. Alexander S. Yeung Dr. Deslea Konza Prof Bruno Di Biase Prof. Liam Morgan Assoc.Prof. Jureeporn Kanjanakaroon Prof. Francis Chisikwa Indoshi Dr. Lily Dyson Assoc. Prof. Robyn L. Najar Dr. Chavalin Svetanant Sylila Monteiro Dr. Janet Lynne Currie Dr. Shamini Dias James Warren Dr. Jingzi Huang Dr. Biagio Aulino Dr. Elaine Hewitt Dr. Petra Alaine Robinson Dr. Ching-ning Chien Assist. Prof. Dr. Ender Durualp Dr. Shelly Shuch Prof Diana Davis Dr. Reiko Furuya Humaira Irfan Khan Anisa Ben Idris Sunday Olawale Olaniran Mary Alfred Katrina McNab Esther Formsi Michelle Cavaleri The International Journal of Pedagogy and Curriculum - Volume 20 Associate Editors Prof Felice Corona Dr Geyang Zhou Dr. Jana Marie Havigerová Dr. Naomi Augar Dr. Subramaniam Ananthram Dr Aphrodite Malliari Dr. Marianthi Oikonomakou Dr. Panagiotis Vasilakis Assoc. Prof. Kym Fraser Maria Koutraki Dr. Eva Lui Dr. Pamela M. H. Kwok Ms Sirinut Sawatdeenarunat Antonija Mitrovic Ana Martins Prof. Myung Hae Park Prof. Yehuda Bar Shalom Prof. Tuula Keinonen Prof. Michela Cortini Dr. Melanie Shaw Dr. Brett Freudenberg Dr. Ali Wegner Dr. Nicole Shipton Dr. Maura Sellars Dr. Pinar Girmen Peter Weeks Dr. Paula Hodgson Prof. Nancy E. Wright Dr. Siu-man Wong Dr. Madan Lal Gupta Dr. Maria A. Pacino Assoc.Prof. Bena Gül Peker Dr. Leisa Martin Lara Mackintosh Helen Yost Patricia Po-chun Chun Kwun-hung Li C. Bobbi Hansen Assoc. Prof. Ruth Fielding-Barnsley Dr. Charles Kivunja Dr. Kristi Gaines Lynn Leschke Miriam Torzillo Dr. Elaine Hewitt Dr. Tomayess Issa Dr. Theodora Issa John Brian Power Dr. Ching-ning Chien Prof. Margaretha Hsu MEd Olimpia Silvestre Dr. Harkaitz Zubiri Maryam Ghezlou Xi Yu Dr. Diana Pili Moss Rebecca Melvin John Hunt Paul Moerman Dr. Deesha Chadha Dr. Hoda Abd El Hamid Ali Prof Mirriam Madikwe Keagile Lephalala Therese Demediuk Feifei Han Prof. Roberto M. Gamboa Dr. Vanessa Ann Cooper Dr. Alice Richardson Dr. Apostolos Papadopoulos Rishabh Kumar Mishra Prof. Bharati Baveja The International Journal of Science, Mathematics, and Techology Learning - Volume 20 Associate Editors Dr Artorn Nokkaew Dr. Jiri Haviger Dr. Apostolos Giannakopoulos Eleni Tharouniati Liene Kvedere Yi Hern Chan Maylyn Foo Lemonia Sapountzi Dr. Brian Bowen Dr. Foteini Chaimala Eleni Toda Dr. Nantarat Kruea-In Dr. Ahmed Bello Sherie Elliott Dr. Michael Skoumios Dr. Norbert Furumo Dr. Sonia Juvik Ashlee Kalauli Jodie Riek Dr. Hermann Kurthen Dr. Nancy Drickey Dr. Muhammet Ozden Mahsa Kazempour Dr. Tak Wah Wong Dr. Yiu Chi Lai Dr. Sufian Forawi Dr. Satomi Kawaguchi Dr. Thomas Borys Dr. Heli Irmeli Koskinen Dr. Chaninan Pruekpramool Dr. Wynand van der Merwe Res. Asst. Seçil Öztoprakçı Asst. Prof. Khajornsak Buaraphan Dr. Mohamad Hani Termos Dr. Sandra Fital-Akelbek Miriam Torzillo Dra. Paula López Prof. Nicole Mailloux Samina Naseem Mary Sarli Dr Dayle Anderson Dr Chaweewan Seesom Dr. Sandra Alon Jennifer Rundels Dr. Sherry Mantyka Gulnur Birol Dr. Alice Cassidy Joanne Fox Dr. Ellene Tratras Contis Nadine Margaret Adams The International Journal of Technologies in Learning - Volume 20 Associate Editors Dr. Constandina Economou Monica Mehta Dr Theo J. Bastiaens Dr Aytac Celtek Dr. Konstantinos Giannopoulos Stylianos Mystakidis Assoc.Prof.Dr. Namon Jeerungsuwan Mr. Annop Piyasinchart Sofia Theodoridou Dr. Foteini Chaimala Dr. Nimrat Khandpur Dr. Petchpong Mayukhachot Dr. Titus Amodu Umoru Annie Woodle Dr. Howard Nicholas Prof. Marsha Barber Dr. Lesley Procter Mei-Ling Chen Dr. John Thompson Dr. Dengting Boyanton Dr. Sherri Franklin-Guy Dr. Evdokia Karavas Dr. Rudrajit Mitra Dr. Mary Caton-Rosser Dr. James Moir Dr. Saundra Tomlinson-Clarke Prof. Walter Rodriguez Dr. Ifigenia Kofou Dr. Hazar Shehadeh Dr. Barbara Sabitzer Dr Stella Giossi Dr. Mohamad Hani Termos Dr. Julia Stewart Clark Dr. Tomayess Issa Dr. Roy Thurston Asst. Prof. Yu-wei Chu Dr. Patrick Dougherty Dr. Janette Michelle Hughes Stephanie Thompson Dr. Oladunni Olawolu John Hunt Dr. Daniel Ilaria Dr. Chimezie Njoku Dr. Phalangchok Wanphet Dr. Wenceslao Garcia Puchades Prof. Miguel Corella Dr. David Walker Dr. Zane Curry Dr Jerry Watkins Dr. Chris Comber Dr. Jin Mao