Management of single and mixed stock fisheries, with particular focus on fisheries on stocks below their conservation limits A Theme-based Special Session of the Council of NASCO Wednesday 4 June 2014 Recent investigations into the stock composition of the Norwegian and Russian coastal salmon fisheries (the Kolarctic salmon project) Eero Niemelä - Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute (FGFRI), Finland Vidar Wennevik - Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Norway Juha-Pekka Vähä, Mikhail Ozerov, Rogelio Diaz Fernandez - University of Turku (UTU), Finland Martin-A. Svenning, Morten Falkegård - Norwegian Institute of Nature Research (NINA), Norway Tiia Kalske, Bente Christiansen - County Governor of Finnmark (FMFI), Norway Elena Samoylova, Sergey Prusov - Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography (PINRO), Russia “Trilateral cooperation on our common resource; the Atlantic salmon in the Barents region” (the Kolarctic salmon project – KO197) • • • • • A mixed stock Atlantic salmon fishery operates off the coast of northern Norway, in the three northernmost counties: Nordland, Troms and Finnmark. Different salmon stocks from Norwegian, Finish and Russian rivers migrate along the coastal areas at the time when the fishery operates. Tagging exercises in the past have showed that salmon from Russian rivers migrate through the Barents and Norwegian Seas (Danilchenko, 1938; Bakshtansky, 1970). The results from the pilot project in 2009 demonstrated that the GSI method could give reliable estimates of the proportion of salmon in the catches (Svenning et al. 2011). A further initiative was taken by Norway, the Russian Federation and Finland in 2011-2013 in the project “Trilateral cooperation on our common resource; the Atlantic salmon in the Barents region” (the Kolarctic salmon project – KO197) funded through EU Kolarctic ENPI CBC Programme 2007-2013. “Trilateral cooperation on our common resource; the Atlantic salmon in the Barents region” – Kolarctic salmon project Partners: Norway, Russia, Finland Funding: EU Kolarctic ENPI CBC program + national funds Budget: € 3,1 million Project period: 2011-2013 NASCO visit 13.-17.8.2012 Photo: Eero Niemelä/ FGFRI Genetic structure analyses More than 13 000 individuals from over 200 sites were collected in over 180 rivers in the Kolarctic area. Photo: Eevaliisa Kiviniemi Photo: Sergey Prusov/PINRO Photo: PINRO Photo: Sergey Prusov/PINRO Genetic analyses Juvenile samples were analysed for 31 DNA markers displaying well over 600 alleles (Vähä et al. 2014). Photo: University of Turku Pechora-… Pechora-… Mezen-… Onega Kanda Kuzreka Indera Pyalitsa Ponoi MS… Ponoi-… Ponoi-… Penka Zolotaya Yarnishnaya Vaenga Pecha Titovka Karpelv Nyelva Skallelva Storelva… Bavtta Akujoki Tsars TMS-… Langfjorde… Ifjordelva Lille… Børselv-… Oldervikelva Repparfjor… Alta 2011 Bognelva Reisa 2006 Signaldals… Nordkjosel… Nedre… Tennelvva… Roksdalsva… Gardselv… Tårstadvas… Genetic structure analyses Eastern populations Northern/western populations K=2 K=3 K=4 Major genetic divisions were found at different geographical scales; the main genetic barrier appeared between the eastern populations of Russia, including the White Sea populations, and populations from northern Kola and northern Norway. Genetic structure analyses Fishing with bagnet in Varangerfjord Photo: Eero Niemelä/ FGFRI Photo: PINRO Photo: PINRO Fishing with bend net near North Cape Photo: Eero Niemelä/ FGFRI Fishing with a trap net in the White Sea Photo: Vladimir Chernov/ PINRO Photo: PINRO Photo: PINRO A model of the White Sea trap net Photo: Elena Samoylova/ PINRO Photo: PINRO Photo: PINRO Genetic stock identification In total 17383 wild salmon were collected in the Norwegian coastal waters in MaySeptember and 2058 salmon were sampled in the White Sea in June-December. (Vähä et al. 2014, Prusov et al. 2014). Scale sampling by fisherman - Karmøyvær Scale sampling by fisherman assistant Photo: PINRO Photo: PINRO Scale sampling by scientists – the White Sea Genetic stock identification • Salmon samples from Norwegian and from Russian coastal fisheries were subject to analysis with 31 variable microsatellite markers and were successfully genotyped with a minimum of 26 loci. (Mean = 30.6, SD 0.89). • Genetic stock identification analyses confirmed that coastal fisheries in northern Norway exploit a great number of stocks. Altogether, salmon from 145 rivers were found to contribute to fisheries. • Salmon caught in the White Sea originated from 25 rivers of the region. • Individuals from Russian rivers and Teno River system were correctly assigned to their respective reporting groups with 94-99% accuracy. Slightly lower assignment success: 86% was obtained for samples belonged to eastern and western Finnmark. 80% of Troms salmon were correctly identified while salmon from rivers in Nordland had correct assignment of 72%. Origin of salmon Number of salmon stocks (populations) from nine reporting groups in coastal catches in Norway by fishing week 200 100 150 Percentage Number of salmon stocks Kolarctic research area in Northern Norway in 2011 and 2012 100 50 0 East Barents East Kola West Kola East Finnmark Tana West Finnmark North Troms South Troms Nordland 75 50 25 0 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 Week Week Origin of salmon Number of salmon stocks (populations) from nine reporting groups in coastal catches in Finnmark by fishing week Official fishing season 100 100 80 Percentage Number of salmon stocks Finnmark 2011 and 2012 60 40 20 0 East Barents East Kola West Kola East Finnmark Tana West Finnmark North Troms South Troms Nordland 75 50 25 0 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 Week Week Origin of salmon Number of salmon from nine reporting groups in coastal catches in Finnmark by fishing week Official fishing season Finnmark 2011 and 2012 100 1200 1000 Percentage Number of salmon 1400 800 600 400 East Barents East Kola West Kola East Finnmark Tana West Finnmark North Troms South Troms Nordland 75 50 25 200 0 0 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 Week Week Percentag 20000 Origin of salmon 15000 10000 5000 60 40 20 0 0 Origin of salmon in official coastal catches (SSB) in Norway by Nordland Troms Finnmark Nordland Troms Finnmark region 2012 2012 100 100000 80 Percentage 120000 60000 40000 60 40 20000 20 0 0 Nordland Troms Finnmark Nordland Troms Finnmark 2011 2011 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 100 Nordland Troms West Finnmark Tana East Finnmark Russia Escaped salmon Percentage Estimated weight of salmon (kg) 80000 80 60 40 20000 20 0 0 Nordland Troms Finnmark Nordland Troms Finnmark Origin of salmon Origin of salmon in official coastal catches (SSB) in Nordland, Troms and Finnmark Origin of salmon in official coastal catches (SSB) in Norway by municipalities and counties 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 4000 50 40 30 20 10 0 West Finnmark salmon in catches 2000 1000 0 2000 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Tana salmon in catches 3000 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 East Finnmark salmon in catches North Troms salmon in catches South Troms salmon in catches 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 25 20 15 10 5 0 80 1500 60 1000 40 500 20 200 Russian salmon in catches East Finnmark salmon in catches Tana salmon in catches West Finnmark salmon in catches North Troms salmon in catches South Troms salmon in catches 0 Nordland salmon in catches 150 100 50 0 Area 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Nordland salmon in catches So No u rd Lo N th lan pp or Tro d H a th m am an Tr s d om m H s er as fe vik st -N o Al Po rdk ta rs app G am an vik Le ge Va -B bes r ds åt by sf ø jo an d T rd Sø N an e r-V ss a ar eb an y ge r 0 So No u rd Lo N th lan pp or Tro d H a th m am an Tr s d om m H s er as fe vik st -N or Alt Po dk a rs app G am an vik Le ge Va -B bes r ds åt by sf ø jo an rd d Sø N Tan e r-V ss a ar eb an y ge r Estimated number of salmon 1000 800 600 400 200 0 Russian salmon in catches Percentage 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Area Origin of salmon in official coastal catches (SSB) in Norway by municipalities and counties Origin of salmon in official coastal catches in th White Sea by fishing area “Vskhody Kommunisma” 0 % 2% 1% 0% 0% -1 % “Belomorskiy Rybak” 1% 0 % 1% 2% 5% 7% 3% 0% 8% 1% 13 % 60 % 7% 89 % “Chapoma” Autumn “Chapoma” Summer 1% 3% 5% 5% Varzuga 3% 1% 1% 4% Kitsa 5% Strelna 36 % 28 % 14 % Olenitsa Pulonga 8% Yugin 4% 13 % 2% Chavanga 27 % 6% Babya Indera Others 0% 35 % “Trilateral cooperation on our common resource; the Atlantic salmon in the Barents region” (the Kolarctic salmon project – KO197) • The Kolarctic salmon project has generated one of the most comprehensive and detailed genetic datasets for any fish species. • Results of genetic stock identification provide first and comprehensive overview of spatial and temporal variation in stock compositions in coastal fisheries in northern Norway and in the White Sea. • The data from the project will provide managers with tools for regulating fisheries on a more informative basis. Thank you!
© Copyright 2024 ExpyDoc
