Spec Sensors, LLC

The Road to Trillions of Gas Sensors
“Sensors for mobile platforms, wearables, and infrastructure”
J. R. Stetter*, E. F. Stetter**, V. Patel*, and M. Papageorge**
*KWJ Engineering, Inc.
8430 Central Avenue, Ste. C, Newark, CA 94560, [email protected]
**SPEC Sensors, LLC
8430 Central Avenue, Ste. D, Newark, CA 94560, [email protected]
November 13, 2014
What gases, when, why?
“To measure is to know” and “if you
cannot measure it, you cannot
improve it” [Lord Kelvin/William
Thompson 1824-1907] Sensors create
data and knowledge base and are the
first step to understanding and utility.
Where?
• Think GLOBAL
• Atmosphere, people, activities are worldwide and shared!
How are humans exposed?
• Air, dermal, ingestion are the three routes for human exposure!
• Gases and vapors are inhaled, contaminate foods, and penetrate the skin.
What gases are priorities to be measured?
• There are hundreds to thousands of airborne chemicals!
• A few of major importance now, become high volume.
• Carbon Monoxide (CO)
• Lead (Pb)
• Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
• Ozone (O3)
• Particulate matter (PM)
• Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
• Hydrocarbons [HC] – CH4, fuels, …
• Industry and Health applications magnify the complexity!
• Can you imagine only one sensor technology doing all this?
• CO2, NO, Alcohol, Acetone, isoprene …. H2, H2S, …O2…and 4-gas!
How are we gong to measure all this?
“in the real-world”
μChemLabTM
How are we going to measure all this?
– Optical: Absorption, Emission
– Fiber optic evanescent wave
– Ions
– Amperometry
– Potentiometry, pH
– Conductimetry
Electronic- E, I, Ω
– SAW, QMB
Electrochemical
Radiant
–Cantilever,
Mechanical
•Frequency
•Intensity
•Weight, Size
• Shape
Paramagneticm
Magnetic
Thermal
•Field strength
•Field Direction
Chemical sensors:
Gas, Liquid, Solid.
• Heat flow, T,
• Heat content
– T
– Catalytic
– Pyroelectric
– Calorimetric
Electrical
Signal Out
Diverse World of Chemical Sensors
Chemical Sensors by Class with Transducer Platforms
Four distinct approaches to chemical sensing!
Converting molecular presence
into an electronic signal
Analyte+matrix
Analyte
sample
- CI
Transducer
platform
- TI
- TI
separate
Transducer
hn, H, Energy
sense
signal
1. Chemical or
biochemical sensor
signal
signal
2. Physical sensor for
chemical analysis
Micro-Total Analytical System
3. μ-TAS
(e.g. Molecular spectroscopy)
(lab-on-a-chip)
3 Approaches to chemical sensing – used alone or in a 4th Approach
4. “Multidimensional SENSOR ARRAYS”
CI = chemical interface, TI = transducer interface.
How Does a gas Sensor Work?
Sampler, sensor array, computer/software;
this is really a sensing system!
Mucus (filter)
A ROSE !
Circuitry
& NN
Receptor Protein (sensing element)
Nerve
Input
Operation of the "ILLI-Nose"
CPS-100
(E-nose!)
Reference Data
Sample
inlet
Catalyst
filament
programmed
for four
temperatures
in sequence
Four
gas
sensors
Sixteen
data
elements
Pattern
classifier
(KNN,
nearest
neighbor,
neural
network)
Identification
Four sensors x four temperatures = 16 "virtual sensors"
Stetter, Penrose, Zaromb, Findlay – 1980-85, Argonne National Lab., Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Stetter, J.R., P.C. Jurs, and S.L.Rose, "Detection of Hazardous Gases and Vapors: Pattern Recognition
Analysis of Data from an Electrochemical Sensor Arrays," Anal. Chem. 58, 860-866 (1986).
Solutions require systems! “Smart Sensor Package”
With smart “systems packaging” of sensors and integration with
electronics and algorithms, the vision of implementation begins!
Spec Sensors; 8430 Central Ave. Suite C, Newark, CA 94560; 1-510-574-8300
What Do Gas Sensors Need to Do?
• The environment
• Temperature, Relative humidity, interferences, pressure…
• SPEC Sensors enable new applications
• Low power
• Sensitive
• Selective
• Small footprint
• Long lifetime
• Scalable manufacturing
• Inexpensive
Spec Sensors/KWJ Engineering; 8430 Central Ave. Suite C, Newark, CA 94560; 1-510-574-8300
Vision
SENSOR INTEGRATION ENABLES AN EXPLOSION OF INNOVATION…..
SMARTPHONES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS AND M-HEALTH
WEARABLE AND INTEGRATED INFRASTRUCTURE DEVICES
CHEM/BIO SENSORS EVERYWHERE ARE CONNECTED IN A SMART IoE
Wearable sensors for health, safety, security, sport, convenience,
diagnosis, and comfort
Monitor Vitals
T, Heartrate,
Resp.; SPO2, BP,
Glucose, Sleep,
Caloric
Monitor Comfort and Safety
T, RH, CO, CH4, CO2
Fire, motion, location
Monitor Your Environment
Upload data to cloud
Wearable w/
Multi-sensorinfo apps!
Wifi
networking
Enabling the “Explosion of Innovation”
mobile platforms and infrastructure sensors are high volume!
• SPEC Sensors
• Low power
• Sensitive
• Selective
• Small footprint
• Long lifetime
• Scalable manufacturing
• Inexpensive
• SPEC Sensors –low cost, low power, tiny gas sensors
•
consumer, industrial, automotive, medical applications.
Actual size
Spec Sensors; 8430 Central Ave. Suite C, Newark, CA 94560; 1-510-574-8300
3SP-CO-1000F – available “today” in high volume!
Recommended Applications.......................................Industrial & Diagnostics
Features
Measurement principle:
Electrochemical sensor
Selectivity:
Onboard filter To remove SOx, NOx & H2S
Operating Conditions & Specifications
Parameter
Value*
Measurement Range**
0-1000 ppm
Maximum Overload***
5000 ppm
Lower Detection Limit
1 ppm
Resolution
1 ppm
Sensitivity
15  5 nA/ppm
Accuracy
 2% of reading or 1 ppm
Bias
0-5 mV
Response Time (t-90)
Operating Temperature Range
Operating Humidity Range
Temperature Coefficient of Span
Operating pressure range
< 45 s
-0 to 40 °C - Continuous
-30 to 50 °C - Intermittent
20 to 90% RH - Continuous
5 to 95% RH (non-cond) - Intermittent
-30 °C to +50 °C - 1% / °C
(Compensatable)
1  0.2 atm
Long term drift – zero
≤  2 ppm / month
Long term drift – span
≤  2% of reading per month
Maximum zero shift
-20 to 40 °C - < 10 ppm
(compensatable)
Estimated service life
>5yrs
*Standard Performance test Conditions
23±3C; 40±10% RH
** Recommended operating range, accuracy specs not implied
above 500 ppm
*** Sensor responds linearly in 500-1000 ppm range, but prolonged
exposure will cause temporary zero shift.
Please contact SPEC Sensors, LLC, for applications information.
SPEC Sensors, LLC, reserves the right to alter the design features
and specifications of this product without notice.
Why SPEC (Screen Printed Electrochemical) Sensors?
• Highest IH&S quality performance at a fraction of the size and
•
•
•
•
•
•
price
Scalable
Lowest power operation
Accurate
Selective
Long life
Chip scale
• The “FAB” of the future for gas sensors is evolving!
• The “FAB” of the future will be a diverse and different
group of processes from anything that now exists!
Spec Sensors; 8430 Central Ave. Suite C, Newark, CA 94560; 1-510-574-8300
Basic Sensitivity Characteristics
Gas response –Linearity and Sensitivity Test (UL2034 Sec 38.3)
Figures show response of the sensor when exposed to 30, 70, 150 and 400
ppm CO. The sensor was exposed to each concentration for 10 minutes, with
10 minutes clean air between.
Spec Sensors; 8430 Central Ave. Suite C, Newark, CA 94560; 1-510-574-8300
Roadmap
$100 Billion
[our gas sensor part of T-sensors]
$10 Billion
Conformal Devices
Diagnostics/Breath
Lab on Chip
TAM
$1 Billion
Industrial
Wireless
Residential
Integrated, Ubiquitous Part
Consumer Devices, Wearables
Smartphone Integration
Phase IV
Seamless Integration
6 sensors in one pkg.
Phase III and Beyond:
Size Reductions – Sensor Arrays
WLP; 4x4mm- 2x2mm
Phase II Printed Sensors – 50% size reduction,
Standardization, Device Integration, 5x5mm & 4x4mm –
Reflowable Gas Sensor
Phase I Printed Sensors – Size and Cost Advantage
15x5mm & 10x10mm; Consumer Industrial & Automotive
THANK YOU
WHAT CAN WE SENSE FOR YOU?
We acknowledge the SBIR support of NSF,
DHS, NASA, EPA, US Army, and NIH in this
work as well as our collaborators and team.
Team: M.T. Carter , M.W. Findlay, A. Shirke,
S. Li, V. Patel, W. Escobar, F. Mohadjerani,
D. Gaelin, B. Meulendyk, G. O’Toole, D.
Peaslee, L. Ploense, …
SPEC Sensors; 8430 Central Ave. Suite D, Newark, CA 94560; [email protected]

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