Product Spotlight SOL9621 Series Heraeus’ Industry Leading Pastes for Standard to Ultra LDE Cells Heraeus recognizes that not all c-Si cell manufacturing processes are the same, but all cell manufactures seek higher output at a lower cost per watt. That is why Heraeus has developed the second in a series of pastes for ultra LDE cells, the Heraeus SOL9621 Series. The Heraeus SOL9621 Series is a front-side Patent Pending Key Benefits • Higher cell efficiency vs. SOL9610 Series • Reduced contact resistance on standard to Ultra LDE cells • Suitable to contact surface doping concentrations down to 1e20/cm3 • Suitable for line openings ≥ 35 µm • Wide processing window metallization paste that was designed for conventional solar cell Typical Properties designs, but is also applicable for advanced cell designs such as Viscosity: HBT Cone and Plate Viscometer (Brookfield) • 100 – 210 kcps • CPE-51 spindle, @ 1 RPM, 25°C Solids: 90 ± 1.5% PERC cell architectures. The Heraeus SOL9621 Series demonstrates all the outstanding cell performance characteristics as our SOL9620 Series: 0.05 - 0.20% absolute efficiency gains on 90Ω/sq. and higher sheet resistance cells; significant reduction in contact resistance and Fineness of Grind (FOG): voltage gains when compared to our successful SOL9610 Series. • 4th scratch: ≤ 12 μm Relative to the SOL9620 Series, SOL9621 is more compatible • 50%: ≤ 8 μm in processing across a wider variation of firing profiles. This benefit allows for more consistent cell efficiencies during a production run. The SOL9621 Series has improved printability, demonstrating excellent line uniformity, less bleed out and line width reductions. These improvements in manufacturability and the higher cell output allows the SOL9621 to help reduce your cells‘ cost per watt. Excellent Contact on Ultra LDE Recommended Processing Guidelines Heraeus’ research and development team continues to work on improving the performance of crystalline silicon solar cells. Our SOL9621 Series is a testament to our ability to improve the output of solar cells. Customers’ tests have demonstrated excellent contact performance on ultra lightly doped emitter wafers using SOL9621. Figure 1 shows a 52% reduction in contact resistance. This improvement in contact resistance leads to the 1-2mV gain in open-circuit voltage (see figure 2). Design Finger Line Opening Screen Parameter Recommendations ≥ 55 µm opening 290 mesh, 20 µm stainless steel wire ≥ 45 µm opening 400 mesh, 18 µm stainless steel wire ≥ 35 µm opening 360 mesh, 16 µm stainless steel wire Note: EOM thickness: 12-16 µm Printing: • ≥ 200 mm/min printing speed Drying: T ypically dried in an IR dryer with set points of 250-300°C in less than 20 seconds or 150°C for 10 minutes in circulated air oven. Firing: Figure 1. Heraeus’ SOL9621 Series demonstrates a reduction in contact resistance (relative to SOL9610Y) on cells using standard emitter to ultra-low doped emitter wafers. Results are performed on 90 – 100 Ω/sq. multicrystalline wafers. The SOL9621 Series demonstrates improved electrical performance. Note: The above firing profile is a standardized recommendation. For a profile optimized to your process, please contact your Heraeus Technical Service representative. Storage: S tore in a dry location at 5°C – 25°C. DO NOT REFRIGERATE. Allow paste to come to room temperature prior to opening. Mix well before using. Q2/2014. Data subject to modifications and amendments. Figure 2. Due to SOL9621 Series’ reduction in Rc on a variety of cell emitter types, improvements in Voc from 1 – 2mV relative to SOL9610Y were demonstrated by customers. www.pvsilverpaste.com Americas Heraeus Precious Metals North America Conshohocken LLC Photovoltaics Business Unit Phone: +1 (610) 825-6050 [email protected] Asia - China Heraeus Materials Technology Shanghai Ltd. Phone: + 86 (21) 3357-5688 [email protected] Europe Asia - Singapore Asia - Japan Asia - Taiwan Heraeus Precious Metals GmbH & Co. KG Photovoltaics Business Unit Phone: +49 (6181) 35-3544 [email protected] Heraeus KK Phone: + 81-29-889-1742 [email protected] Heraeus Materials Singapore Pte Ltd. Phone: +65-6571-7888 [email protected] Heraeus Materials Technology Taiwan Ltd. Phone: + 886-3-321-9937 [email protected]
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