Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. CONTRIBUTIONS TO OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE HEMIPTEROUS GENERA DIEUCHES DOHRN RHYPODES ( LYGAEI:9AE STAL ( LYGAEIDAE : ) AND MilliNAE), ORSILLINAE , ( !HRIDAE CHIHAif!IRIS WOODWARD : with supporting papers on OTHE.."R. Rh'YPA?cOCHROli�INAE, OTHER HEMIPTRRA, ORSILLINAE AND MIRIDAE, AND INSECTS IN O'r:Hffi ORDERS APPLICATION FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF SCIENCE from ��SSEY UNir£RSITY PALif.ERSTON NORTH, IIDIJ' ZEALAND by Alan Charles EYLES September, ) : RHYPAROCHROMINJ..E , 1 99 2 1 n-;-I'R00uCTION ·:�hen the applicant was awarded a -Sir '.'lal ter :wlhol land l<'ellovrship in i 966, the opportunity arose for a post-doctoral fel lowship at tne University of �)ritish Columbia, TJancouver, C a a d a, where Profezsor G. G. E. Sc udder vvas , aiJd still is, working on the lygaeid sub family P.h;yrparochrominae of the ·:;or l d. Here vms the char;. ce to work on a large, difficult genus containing species from many different parts of the world, and thus ma�e a major contribution in t�is a rea. The cho ic e was between Dieuches Dohrn and Fachybrachius I-Iehr. because no other genus ir! the Rhyparochro:Einae contains any th i ng like the nunlber of species contained by these two ger..era. The complex genus Dieuches was selected. On accom1t of his teaching and other duties, Professor Scudder' s available time for research was not UI1limit,. ed, and as he put it, it woul d be a great help to him to have that ger,us th o ro gh ly revised. r. u :i.y trair.ing has been on Hemiptera, farr:ily Lygaeid2e, with an i ... Agr.Sc. tL e sis ( Ma s s e y 1958) en ;:;Jsius huttoni (��ite) - subfamily Orsillinae, and a Ph.D. thesis (University of London, 1962) on some Rhyparo chro:ninae with special r e f e r e ce . to t!1eir f2eding n habits. time at ·.far;couver there have b eer. other o igi n a l contributions by the 2.:;Jpli C3.nt on R!-,yperochrominae ( I\ew Zealand and overseas species). Since then I have also published original Before, durinc, ar•d r <u.nce my 2 ne contributions o:·, rs;; Zeo.l&�d Ct r s illi a a�d. on -:'nus there are t.:::.ree t:neraes - Lygdeidae chrominae, : Lyr;aeidae I of � Rhyparo Zeal<:�d), in this application for the Degree of Science (:.�assey u!l.iversi ty) ��ches, iriJae. LLd T£1e three major contri !'i.ir idae (meir:ly l';ew lealand). l butions (New Crsillir"ae : ... Doctor are the monograph of the revisio� of Rhypodes St.n, and the re vision of Chinamiris Woodward (a major work on each theme). !themes, There follow supporting papers on each of these plus some supporting papers on other He:miptera 1and some on insects in other Orders. I The introduction of each of the three major contri ·butions sets out the aim and importance of the work. Assistance received is listed in acknowledgements. This has also Lygaeidae ���onograph been done in the supporting papers. : Rhyparochrominae Theme of Dieuches The mo�ograph of Dieuches is a major contrib ution to our knowledge of these insects. It describes and keys 131 species, 71 of them had not been revised as an new to science. The genus entity for a complete cent ury. h!;any early descriptions were inadequate, and the re w-as no E..e y to all the des cribed species in the genus. The aim of the study was to set limits of the genus, and carefully distinguish Dieuches from closely related �nera, as well as to provide accur�te drawings, good descriptions and a �ey to species to facilitate identi fication. All of the drawings, ir.cluding habitus draw- 3 �ngs (except the frontispiece) were done by the appli c;ant. Perhaps one of the features of the monograph of Dieuches (and the Rhypodes revision) is the numerical taxonomic analysis. This technique was only beginning to be seriously applied about the time the monograph of Dieuches was published, 1973 (and about a handful of years before).1 There were some "knotty11 problems to solve because misidentifications and erroneous synon.my in the of past - for example, determining what true Dieuches armatipes (Walker) was. All that remains of the hole type is the head, prothorax, first antennal segment and one foreleg (see pages 102-103 and 106-107). For • other problems and their solutions (where there was previously confusion with other species) see comments under D.armipes (F.) and its complex, D.patruelis (St81), D.longicollis (Dallas), D.alternatus Horvath (other records), D.femoralis Dohrn, D.herero Breddin and D.oceanicus (Distant). The monograph of Dieuches was well received, as in dicated in excerpts from some book reviews cited below. 2"This is a model revision of this difficult genus. I find little to fault it. Closely related genera are carefully distinguished from Dieuches. There is a ... _______ _ 1 Sokal, R.R.; Sneath, P.A. 1963: Principles of Num erical Taxonomy. Freeman & Co., San Francisco. 2J:acific Insects 16(2-3): 244-, 1974-. Book review by the late Dr W.C. Gagne, rlemipterist, Bishop ii'!Useum. 4 checklist of species, synonyms and species formerly included in Dieuches. The work is copiously illustrat ed • • to help determine the species in question. There • are photos of a number of types. Hemipterists having to make accurate determinations in this genus, or to delineate related genera, will find this work indis pensable." 1u • • • representatives of the genus Dieuches, but att- empts at further identification were likely to prove frustrating. This is now no longer true, monograph covers the cribed ) 131 known species and provides a practical key, the present (71 newly de s careful descrip tions, lists of material seen and notes on biology. The whole work exudes a remarkable thoroughness and includes sections on morphological characters, on the · numerical analysis of phenetic relationships and zoo geography." 2 11'I'his revision of one of the largest and taxonomic ally most difficult genera of rhyparochromine Lygae idae will no doubt find its place in most entomolog ical libraries. It is an essential working tool for all who may be called on to identify species of Dieu �' and all those who come to work on them in any areas of their biology, development, cytogenetics, distribution or economics." ------ --- 1 Ent. mon. mag. 1974 April -June. Book revi ew by Dr T. R..E. Southvwod, Professor of Zoology, Oxford University. 2 J. Australian Ent. Soc. 1975: 14(1): 22. Book review by the late Dr T .E. Woodward, Senior Lecturer in Entom ology, University of Queensland. 5 major revision such as the monograph of Dieuches will, understandably, not generate further taxonomic A publications on Dieucl:es for a long time, but belie ve that it helped generate Malipatil's splendidpaper 1 I revising the section of the complex genus Pachybrach �' and of necessity of some closely related genera, from the Australian region. However, ULe monograph has generated at least the follo��ng papers (known to the applicant) on biology and immature stages2 (two species), and effect of population density on development, etc., and reproductioni in Dieuches. Finally, the male genitalia of two spec ies of Dieuches (and some species in other genera) are described and figured, with a discussion on taxonomic ally important characters, a key to those species and genera based on male genitalia, and the description of denticulate area on the parameres believed to facili tate holding during copulation.� a Malipatil, M.B. 1978: Revision of the Myodochini (Hemiptera : Lygaeidae : Rhyparochrominae) of the Australian Region. Australian ,Journal of Zoology sup plementary series No. 56: 1- 178. 2 JV.alipatil, M.B.; Ku.rnar, R. 1 975: Biology and imma ture stages of some Queensland Pentatomomorpha (Hem iptera : Heteroptera). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 1�(2): 113- 128. 3 Biney, S. H. 1 98�: A study of the nymphal aggregat ion of Dieuches femoralis (Heteroptera : Lygaeidae). Insect Science and its applications 5(2): 131-136. �Piper, R.G. 1985: The male eenitalia of some Aus tralian Rhyparochromini (Hemiptera : neteroptera : Lygaeidae). J. Australian Ent. Soc. 2�(1): 4.5-56. 1 6 The Dieuches study itself also ger..erated the four closely supporting pape r s, A 1 to M-, by the applicant. Some Further Work Generated by Suppo rting Papers on other Rhyparochrominae The paper on the rhyparochromine tribe Targaremini (no. ) A11 , which included a key to the genera of Tar garemini of the '.vorld and a section on zoogeography, has generated further research publications by another 1 scientist. Malipatil described a further new species of !1/-etagerra 7ihi te and revalidated M. helmsi ( Reuter ) which had b een synonyrnised with obscura White by Ber groth in 1916. Much additional material from more re cent collecting was available to him enabling discuss ion on distribution, wing polymorphism, habitat and host plant data. Morphological and distributional evi dence revealed that M.distincta Eyles 1967 is only a long-membrane form of M.obscura, and is synonymised with it. Interestingly, Malipatil states in his descr iption of the long-membrane form of obscura "The orig inal description of distincta applies entirely to this form of obscura." 'i'11is includes prominent punctation on pronotum, scutellum considerably longer than wide, and a tapering apical process on the aedeagus, all of which distinguish it from tile short-membrane form ( which has on the aedeagus a stout apical process, hooked or strongly flared ) • ... ________ 1 Jalipatil, M.B. 1976: Metagerra "ivhi'..,r; ( ::; teroptera: a r evi ew. New Zealan.1 Journal of :::cr.lOF'Y Lygaeidae); l: 3C3-3 12. 7 1 Malipatil's next paper New Zealand Targaremini revises the whole of the ( and, as shown in l�iY paper A 1 1, most of the species and genera of I'art;aremini occur· in New Zealand ) . He keys genera and species, and descri bes new genera and species including Geratarma eyles i Malipatil. Millerocoris ductus Eyles had been descri bed on a single incomplete female, �Eyles on a single male. and Eminocoris con As more material of both sexes had s ince become available e!'l.abling the study of genital ia, Malipatil was able to finalise the generic placement of conus. He states that the keel is present in Millerocoris Eyles, but is inconspicuous, and inter estingly uses my keel character to key out the two species ( keel (�les ) conspicuous in Millerocoris conus ) a nd inconspicuous in Millerocoris ductus . H� paper was also partly generated by the earlier work of the late Dr T. E. Woodward describing genera and species of Targaremini. With careful work on the greater nwn ber of specimens available, ivialipatil has synony m ised two of Woodward's subspecies the species forsteri, of Regatarma forsteri\uth raised three of them to specific status but transferred them to a new genus, ferred two other species to new genera. and trans Malipatil has published a further paper2 on wing polymorphism, ------ -- - spec- 1 Malipatil, M.B. 1 977: The Targaremini of New Zealand ( Hemiptera : Lygaeidae ) ; a revision. �urnal of Zoology 4: 333-367. � Malipa til, 1vi.B. 1 977: Distribution, New Zealand origin and spec lation, wing development, and host plant relationships ' Nf New ( ) Zealand Targaremini Hemiptera : Lygaeidae . � Zealand Journal of Zoology 369-381 . 4: iation and host plants in l';ew Zealand I'argaremini. My papers A11, A13 and A14 began recording and ext ending the tribes of Rhyparochrominae represented in New Zealand, with descriptions of new endemic species and sometimes genera. These have ge�erated the paper1 further extending this recording with the finding of the two Australian species Paradrymus exilirostris Bergroth and Grossander major The paper A13 ( Gross ) in Kev1 Zealand. describing Stizocephalus Eyles, "An endemic genus of .iihyparociuomini from Few Zealar:d", nelped Professor Scudder to solve a _proble:n. :=e :ta3 a specime�'l from barber's collectio>.1 with <• :lata label "Victoria" and a determination label "Acompus rufiues (Wolff) ". It v:as not that species, but coming from a North American collection it was asswned to be from Victoria on Vancouver Island. This vvas puzzling beca use it did not belong in any known genus represented in Xorth America. Vv'hen Professor Scudder saw the drawings in the applicant's paper he noted the similarity to the problem specimen ( which confirmed his suspicion ) about the Vancouver Island locality , and realized at that point that it may have come from Victoria, Aust ralia. He borrowed the holotype from New Zealand and specimens resembling it from Australian collections. The result was his paper describing six new species 1 Malipatil, i�.3. 1977: id.ditions to the Drymini of New Zealand �urnal \. ( Eeter optera of Zoology ) : Lygaeidae . New Zealand 4(2): 177-182. 'J of Stizocephal us from Australia, 1970 tris Eyle s - recording S.breviros from Australia, and providing a key to the species of Stizocephalus. 1 A14 In paper I publish the first record of the tribe Udeocorini from New Zealand and add to the generic des cription of Udeocoris Bergroth, p articula rly as the genitalia had not previously been figured or described. I add a new species, figuring male and female genitalia and describe the brachypterous form as all my specimens were brachypterous. This generated the paper2 which des cribes and figures the fifth instar larva of Ud.eocoris � 1971 Eyles and extends the description of the adult in particular by including the macropterous form. Lygaeidae : Orsillinae Theme The publications from my !•iassey thesis on Kysius huttoni have generated further research publications on Orsillinae by the applicant. These are paper nlli�ber A18 on damage to cultivated Cruciferae, paper the genus Nysius Dallas in New Zealand, work in paper A2 1 , A20 on part of the and the revision and review of Rhy podes which is the second of the three major contri butions to this application. A20 Paper -- describes a new species of Nysius, the ---- --- 1 Scudder, G.G.E. ( Hemiptera 1975: : Lygaeidae ) The genus Stizocephalus �les in Australia. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 14: 89-95. 2 �ealand Malipatil, M.B. 1975: Immature stages of some New Rhyparochrominae Heteroptera : Lygaeidae . d ew Z ealand Journal of Zoology 2: 381-388. ( ) 10 smallest in the world collected by me at :B'ranz Josef in the So uth Island. From the same locality I also I co llected 35 specimens of Brachynysius cor.. vexus Using er 1 942, and later found a fine series of it, incl ud ing a macrbpterous male, from nearby Waiho Gorge in the Natio::1al Museum collection. This confirmed my ear lier decision (in paper A15) to synonymise Brachynysius usinger with Kvsius, but revealed characters enabling the revalidation of the species convexus (which I had synor..ymised with huttoni). In tne earlier work only a single paratype female of �� had been available for s tudy. ::'he three New Zealand species are keyed :in paper A20 using the good, simple characters revealed in this study. I'he late Professor P. D. Ashloc:.C who at that time had recently published his Ph.D. thesis work on a generic classification of the Orsillinae of the 1 world offered to draw the genitalia of the three sp ec i e s , and to provide co��ents on characters distinguishing Nysius from Rhypodes and on characters pec uliar to him a New Zealand species of :;ysi us, so I offered coauthorship. �evelopment of the Rhypodes :n.evision Project From collecting trips it soon became apparent tlmt there were many rema rkable new species of ilhypodes. I collected marq of them over some 1 2 to 1 4 years, I I 1 � main fro� 1962 to 1973 inclusive, from remote alpine areas with my colleague Mr J. I. Tov.-r.send. Twenty-t'Vo � new species are described and added to the five preViously :mown members. O!udsona anceps (1\'hite) is added 11 by the new synonymy of Hudsona Evans ;;,rith Rhypodes. A range of characters occurs within the genus, some quite bizzare, . making Rhypodes the most remarkable genus in the Orsillinae. Until this study, insuffic- ient species were known for earlier workers to adequ ately describe the genus Rhypodes or to define its limits. Each species is figured with a habitus photograph or drawing, line drawings of male and female genitalia ( except where only one or two specimens were availab le ) , and often of other parts. The 28 known species are keyed. There is an illustrated section on general morphology, which also lists the most useful diagnos tic characters. There are further sections on limits of the genus, comments on tribal classification, num erical analysis of phenetic relationships and biology. One problem involving confusion of three species was solved. R.clavicornis (F.) and R.cognatus Eyles are unusual in that males are narrow and parallel sid ed. '.Vhen Usinger1 stated that pronotal triangles may not be a specific character ( for clavicornis) he no doubt intended the form with narrower males tus) . (= cogna It is W1fortQDate that until the applicant's review and revision of Rhypodes, through lack of know ledge of the group, Usinger's statement led to some confusion and a tendency to lump everything lacking 1 Usinger, R.L. 1942: The Orsillini of New Zealand ( Hemiptera, �ety ) Lygaeidae . Transactions of the Royal Soc- of New Zealand 72: 41-52. triangles in with clavicornis. The material which Usi nger included in clavicornis contained more thm< one ( see species . � p. remarks \.Ll'lder c lavicornis p. 377 and koebelei 5:yles p. 376, cogna- 388). �velopment of the Contributions on the l!i:iridae Theme The studies on iY1iridae began when the applicant collected a species of Megaloceroea Fieber in New Ze� I land which differed from the New Zealand species M. reuteriana Vlhite and proved to be M. recticornis ffroy ) (Geo of Palaearctic and Nearctic distribution. All five species then remaining in Megaloceroea needed to be examined. What start e d out as a study of New Zeal and Stenodemini had to be widened to the Australian reg·ion and still further to include two species from the Oriental region. The resu.l ting paper A23 generated further papers by the applicant on Steno demini - paper A22 on the male genitalia and tribal placement of the Tasmanian and Australian Protomiris Poppius, and paper A24 a rev ision of the now near c osmopolitan genus Dolichomiris with a revised key to the genera of Steno dem- Reuter, ini. Jhen the applicant was well into this work, Prof essor J. C. M. Carvalho, from Uio de Janeiro, Brazil visited New Zealand and we worked together for several weeks, deciding from that point to work as a team. In ; the [email protected] is paper Professor Carvalho helped with the generic redescript ion, ' I genitalia drawin.:;s of D. bp. 9a:!."is Reuter and offered inclusion of a revised key to 13 the genera of Stenodemini, so that 'He could publish it as a joint author paper. Another result of his 1Tew Zealand visit was our joi nt paper (presented by ::'�yles) to t he 14th Internation al Congress of Entomology in Canb erra in 1972 in which we announced that there are "many more species of JV.ir idae in !�ew· Zealand than the 2 0 at present recorded". Some are iYl the in the :U era eoco rinae, but genus Chinamiris :Joodward large numb er are a ( ;,;irinae ) . During the period 1976 to 1985 the applicant was involved with other projects, other than entomology. The joint papers follow on, generated from the New Zealand Stenodemini wo rk ( paper A23), describing new species of Miridae from New Zealand. They are a good example of two sci e nti st s, who worked together briefly, co-operating at a distance. Paper A25 describes and figures nine new species of Deraeocorinae, with key s to the New Zealand genera and 12 species of Rornna Kir- 1 kaldy. Pap er A26 describes a new genus and species of Mirini from l uc erne . The Chinamiri s ?..evision The preceding work led fi nal ly to the revision of I .Qlinamiris I . '.vhich is the third major con-:;ribution of this application. Tvventy-nine new species are descri- I 1 bed, Calocoris laticinctus �:niris ( ::�-alker ) . is tr c nsf erred to and tne 31 species nm•1 knovm in the genus 1 e.re keyed and figured. ':'he wide ra!1ge of characters, including nu.11ber and shape of projections ( when pres- ent) 14 on the ;r.ale genital cap sule, now known from the many new species, have enabled limits of this genus to I be set. There is an illustrated section on general morphology, species, a habitus drawing or photoe:rap h of each figures of the male genitalia of most species, and maps showing the known a section on host plants, distribution of the six most abundant species. The study showed that the sp ecies laticinctus was pr eviously not well known. 'rhere had been a handful of attempts to identify it over the years, but there had been some confusion as one or two labels appear on five of the new- species of Chinamiris (see 297). top p. ACK.� OViLEDGiiiEI-.TTS Of the th ree major contributions, ograph and Rhypodes inal research work. the Dieuches mon revision are entirely my own orig Acknowledgments of assistance are given in both publications, particularly to Dr J. H. Darwin for running the computer computations for the numerical taxonomic analysis. l es 'Nor!{, I .£b !ror valuable ::-Iowever, with the Dieu am indebted to Professor G. G. E. Scudder groundwork in tracing type specimens and ublishing lectotype desienations, for use of his pho tographs of type specimens, and for his encouragement nd stimulating discussions thro�hout the p roject. oans of specimens are acknowle'lged in the book, as are r·1ve I oeople v;ho not only loaned speci:nens � ) ersonal collecting trips , / lants a n d o r habitats, c some from but provided data on host or other helpful information. 15 The third major contribution, the China:.1iris revi sion, is a al ho ( Rio joint p aper de Janeiro ) ith Prof essor ;; w and valuable input from bution has from my Jv; . Agr . ) of the contri work. on I�jsius huttoni ( Orsillinae) Sc. thesis (,�assey) and. on some Rhypar ochrominae from my Ph. D. th esis don on encoure.ge his a :iistance his been about one third S uppor ti ng papers Carv !{:. his knowledge of all mir genera. Due to working from id C. who is the ',Yorld authority the rdr idae. I gratefully acknowledge ment • personally thank my ( Ur:.iversi ty supervisors, t·:r Lon of Gurr and 1. Pr ofe ssor T. R. �;. S outhv,ro od, respectively, for guid ance and encouragement; her e . Their time work t r ain i ng set t hese thanks are r eiterated the pattern for the life on I-Ie mi p ter a, Lygaeidae and iv;iridae, pres ented herein. It was my who kindled my interest first supervisor, iv:· r in the He,nipter a. He L. Gurr, taugi1t me how to get alongside and observe the animals working v1ith, and se insects. He us tr a tions showed me how to breed also papers, research all except 12 are ent contributions. In the 12 joint author papers, the applicant in all ill - a feature of most of my papers. irely my own origi nal role a nd rear the taught me how to draw my own Cf the 40 supporting 1 I vvas played a m a jor stages of the projects, but gratefu l ly ac-cnowledges contributions of coauthors. In the paper on the Cicadellidae and Issidae Cro:;Ioptera) of !·7iue and the Cook I sl ands , I am indebted to the late Jr R. Linnavuo ri I for his specialist �nowledge of these fam- 16 I ilies. tance ution no. tha�k Professor R. E. Blac�ith for his assis w·ith t�1e statistical wor� in our paper in Evol on hybridization in Scolopost ethus l''ieber ( paper A1 0). Finally, in the papers on tl"Le fodder crop survey, I t!1.ank the late Dr ? •• A. Cumber for assist ance with the planning and field. work, and su,__«:gestions on presentation, i� the first three papers ( by ) Eyles , and als o for assistance with sorting, identifications and final preparation of the manuscripts in the fourth to sixth papers ( by ) Cumber and Eyles . Assistance by colleagues and technical staff of New 1 zealand Arthropod Collection in c ollecting and mount ing of specimens is ac�movvledged. c CI'fl'E:rrs LIST OF' PUBLICATIONS BY A. C. EYLs:;s The three major works upon which the D.Sc. application is based. 1. ;.-; o no gr aph of the genus Dieuches Dohrn ( Heteroptera : Lygaeidae ) . By _.:;. C. Ey l e s 1973: 465 pp. 337 Figs. �yles, Christchurch, New Zealand. 2. A revision and review of the genus Rhypodes St�l ( Hemiptera : :Gygaeidae ) . By .h. C. Eyles 1990. Kew Zealand Journal of Zoology 17: 3L�7-418. 3. R.evision of the genus Chinamiris '.'.'oodward ( Hemipt era : Kiridae ) . By A. C. Eyles and J. C. M. Carva lho 1991. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 18: 2G7321. In this joint paper I am the senior author and did t·::o-thirds of the work. ilOUP A Papers directly, or more closely sup:0ortinc one of the three major viorks. I ( I 17 pap er s directly s upporting the �onograph of Jieuches as I A1 . they r-e eded to be published b e fore th e monograph. Eyles, A. C. 196 8 : A new Rhyparochrornin e genus from ;,]ad agascar and Seychelle s ( Heteroptera : Lyg aeidae ) . ]\;ew Zealand Journal of Sci ence 1 1 : 3 1 8 -327. A2 . Hidaka, T. ; Eyl e s, A. C. 1 968 : Di euch e s japonicus new name for Di euche s fuscus Hidaka preoccupied ( Eeteropt e ra : Lygaei dae) . New Zealand Journal of Sci ence 1 1 : 337-341 . A3 . Eyl e s , A . C . ; Scudde r , G. G . � . 1 96 8 : Cvrtocnemodon , a new genus of ?..hyparochrominae (:ieteroptera : Lyg aeidae ) . New Zealand Journal of Science 1 1 : 3 6 3 - 370. /14. Eyle s, li. C. 1 969 : 1'he val idity of Di euch e s occid from Ar i z ona . New Zealand Journal of Sci entalis 7 2 8-731 . ence 1 2 : Paper s clos ely supporting the Dieuches work : - other published wor� on Lygaeidae , sub family Rhyp arochrominae. Publications from my Ph . D . the s i s are marked �� . A5�' 3yl es, A . C . 1 963 : L i f e hi stories of some :a.hyparo chrominae ( He terop t e ra : L ygaeidae) . 7ransactions of the Society for B ritish Entomology 1 5 : 1 35- 1 66 . A6� - - - -- --- -- - 1 963 : Some notes on natural enemi e s o f Lygaeidae ( Hem. ) . Entomologi s t ' s m o nthly maga zine 98 : 226-227 . A7t ----- - 1 963 : Descr iptions of the i mmatur e sta g e s of f ive Rhyparochrominae (Heteropter a : Lyga eidae) . Tr a n s a c t i ons of the Society :fur' B ritish ---- -;:; n t omology ·1 5 : 8. A9� 2 7 7 -2 94 . - - - - - - - - - - 1 964-: The i dentity of specimens of Sco lopostethus I<'ieber and :;rymus :;:; ieber (l-ie teropt.era, Lyg a e i ::l a e ) in the Z o ol ogi cal i. useui11, C s lo, ;;ith habi t�t notes , di s t r ib ut i ons , and a n e � r e cord o f "J'ra-o e z o::-_otus d s s e r tJ.s 3eidenst".l .. cker fr on: I. or;;ay. ror sk ;�r.to:nol ol'dsk I'id s s�r if t XII : 2 1 9 - 2 23 . - -- - - -- - - - -- 1 964- : F e e ding hab its of some ?..hyparo chrominae ( ::-�et eropter a : lygae idae ) wi th particu lar refer ence to the value of natural foods. 'ITan - 18 s ac t i on s of the � oyal Entomol ogi cal S oc i e ty of L o ndon 116 : 39-11 �. A10t Eyl e s , J.•• C . ; blac�i th , �l . E . Studies on hyb 1965: r idi zation i n S c ol opo s t e thu� F i e b e r (Hete r optera : A11 . Lygaei dae ) . Evolut i o n Eyl e s , A . C . 1967: species 19TIJ: 4-65-lt-79 . TYw new genera and five new of Targar emi ni fr om N"ew Z e aland , key to the genera Lygaei dae ) . of rargaremini w i th a ( He t er op tera New Z e aland J ournal o f S c ie n c e : 10: 4-07-423. A12 . S cudde r , G .C', . . E . ; Syl e s , A. C . of �lasmo l omus ( '1e t e r o? te r a 1968: A n e w sp e c i es : Lygae ida e ) fr om New Zealand Jo ur na l of S cienc e Austral i a . 6 1 8-622 . 11: A1 3 . Eyl e s , A . C . 197 0 : i\n endemi c g e nus of Rhyparo ch r o mini ( He t e r op te r a : Lyga e ida e ) f r o m New Z e al and . New Z e al and J ournal of S ci en c e A14-. -- -- - -- - - -- 1 971: ( Lygaeidae 13 : 500-504. A n e w s p e ci e s o f Ude o c or ini : R.hypar o chr ominae ) Xew Zealand J ournal of S c i e n c e from New Z ealand . 14: 252-25 8 . Paper s cl o s ely s uppo r ting the H.�'lpode s r evi s i o n : other p ublished work on Lyga e i da e , s ubfamily O r s illi nae of New Zealand . Publi catior..s f r o.. 1 5t Eyl e s , .b. . C . ature s tage s my M . Agr . Sc . 1 960 : the s i s ar e ·ra r ia ti on i n the adult and imm of Nys i us huttoni :'.bi t e (Hete ropt era : Lyga e i dae ) wi th a n o te on the val i di ty of genus Bra chynys i u� u s i nger . I m ar k ed + . 'Lr<':.nsac t i o ns R oyal �nt om ol ogi cal S o ci e ty of L ondon A'1 6t - -- - - - -- - ·- - t:.::1s :!.:-.. 1 963 : the of th� 11 2 : 53-72 . f e cundi ty and oviposition d�J .· s i us i1utt oni ;·.',:; i te ( Ee te r op t ere. : I.�•g a e i iE. e ) . r;e w :, ee:).£! '1d .)ournal of ;;: c i e:cc e 6 : 18�: 207 . I A. 1 7 + ----------- 1 96 3 : · I • I n c:Jb :. t i o n p e r i od a11d n:,TT!lphal :J.evsl opme:1t in l�ys ius hutt oni -:�hi te ( 51 eter o_ptera : J...yga e ida e : C r s ill ina e) . ��e ?: Ze al;:mJ J ourr:al o f S c i er-ce 6 : 1+4-6 -4-6 1 . 19 A . C . 1 965 : Da�age to cul t i v a t e d C r uc ife r b y r\ys i us hutt oni :;n.i te ( !fe ter op tera : Lyg a e idae ) . E e w Z e aland Jo�nal o f .o.[:ri cultural Re s e ar ch 8 : 363-36 6 . �yle s , ae ---- ---- - - - 1 965 : Notes on the <:" c ol ogy of :'�ys ius hut toni ·,Vh i te ( Het er o:tJ t er a o a : Lyg a e i da e New Zeala�d J ur n l of S c i e � c e 8: ). 494--5 C2. A2 0 . 3yle s , A . C . ; Ashl o ck , P . D . 1969 : The g e nus �ysi� : Lyg a e i dae . New Z e al a� d Journal of S c i e nc e 1 2 : 71 3 -727 . ( �e t e r op t era i n �evv Z e al aJld ) A2 1 . Eyle s , A . C . 1 974- : Ins e c t s : t er r e s t r i a l bugs . New Zealand ' s na tur e he r i tage 3(34-): 953 -956 . Pap er s cl o s ely s upporting the C hinarr,iris r e v i s i on : othe r publi she d work on i1�iri dae , mainly f r om Kew Zea land . A22. �yl e s , A . C . 1 973 : Pr o t omir i s trans f e r r e d to Orth otylinae He ter op t e r a : iV.ir idae . Ne·."l Z e al and Entomol ogi s t 5 3 � 3 1 3 -3 1 6 . ( ( -- - - - - -, A23 . ) 4-) : -- ( He t e r optera t o Me al o c e r o e a emini . 24-. Eyl e s , • J ourn al A. C . ; of na tural cse:nera o f Stenodemini M i r idae h i s t ory C arvalho J . C . M . the genus Doli chomir i s , : 9: - -- --- 1 975 : �evi s i on ( Hete r op t e r a ( ill i r i dae - -- - - : - : !'.: i r idae -- 1988: ------ --- - - ----- ------- - of l\'� irini ( Het e r op t e r a - c r ops i n New Zealand . Z o ol ogy 1 5 : I� �v 'o o r -p B -� _ _ · I I Pap e r s . 31 . ) - - 1 98 8 : lv:iridae ) of ). I\ew Z e a - A new genus f r o m luc e r n e H e w Z ealand Journal o f Other Eemiptera p ap er s and o ther t:yl es , A . C . or 339-34-1. • D er a e o c o r i nae He ter op t e r a . l and Journal o f Z o o l ogy 1 5 : 6 3 -8 0 . �6 . S t e nod with a r evi s e d key to the -- ------ - - - - - - of l':e·.v Zealand : 1 53 - 1 67 Journal o f natural hi s t ory 9 : 257-26 9 . A25 . as 1 975 : J.'urther new g e n e r a and other new comb i nati ons f o r s p e c i e s p r e v i o us ly s i gn e d entomol ogy 1 9 6 0 : Ins e c t s a s s o c i a t e d with th e maj in the .:-i orth I sl a:::.d . I I . Hemipt- f odder c r op s 20 era. ?ew Ze aland J ournal of 2_: 994- 1 008 . Agr i c ;ll tur al Re s e a r cc 1 B2 . Eyl e s , A . C . 1 97 1 : 'l'he family lvie:nb r ac idae ( Homop t e r a ) p r e s e nt in � e·n Z e aland . N·e·N Z e al a n d Entomol ogi s t 5 ( 1 ) : 47-48 . B3 . - -- - - -- - -- - 1 970 : He mi p t e r a . pp . 34- 37 I n S:ymp o s i um : The pr e s e nt s tatus of taxonomic entom o l ogy �ew Zealand Ent o m o l ogi s t 4(3 ) : in New Ze al and . 24-6 1 . B4. - - - - - - - - - - - 1 97 1 : Li s t of I s orn e t op L la e ( H e t e r op t er a : C i mi c o ide a . New Z e al and Journal of Science 1 4 : 940-944. ) B5 . - - - - -- - --- - 1 97 2 : S upp l em en t to l i s t of I s o m e t o p i da e ( :fete r optera : C i mi c o i dea . New Z eal and J o ur nal of S c i e n c e 1 5 : 46 3-Lt-64. ) B6 . :r;;y l e s , A . C . ; Linnavuo r i , :a . 1 974 : C i c ad e llidae and I s s i dae ( Homop ter a ) of Niue I sland , and mat e r ia l f r om the C o ok I s l ands . of Zool ogy 1 : B7 . Eyl e s , A . C . o r f o dd e r 29-44 . ·New Z e aland J our nal 1 96 0 : I ns e c t s a s s o c i a te d with the maj c r op s e r al p i c t ur e . in the Nor th I s land. New Z e aland J o urnal R e s e a r ch 3 : 779-79 1 . B8 . - - - - - -- -- o r f odder tera . r ch I . The gen of Agr i c ultur a l - - 1 96 1 : I n s e c t s a s s o c i a te d with the m aj c r op s i n the North I sland. New Z e al a nd J o urnal o f 4 : 1 2 9 - 1 40. I I I . C ol e o p Agr i c ul tur a l R e s e a B9 . C umb er , :Et . A . ; E yl e s , .A . C . 1 96 1 : I ns e c t s a s s o c i at e d with the ma j or f o dd e r c r op s in the North Island . IV. Hyme n o p te r a . fTew Z e aland J o ur n al of Agri c ul t ural Ll. e s e a r c h 4: B1 0, - - - 390-408 . ---1 9 6 1 : I n s e c t s a s s o c iat ,.,i. th the ma j or f o d de r cr op s in th e N orth I sland. V. D ip t e r a . New Z e aland J o urnal of Agr i cul tur al R e s ear ch 4 : l.t-09 -42 5 . - - - - - - -- - - - - --- - ed B1 1 , - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - --- - 1 96 1 : I ns e c t s a s s o c i a t ed ',\i. th t h e ma j or f o dder c r ops in the North I s l a nd . VI. Odona t a , Or t£10p t e r a , Is o p t era , ?s o c o p t e r a , Thys anop t e r a , E e ur op t er a , L e :? ido p t er a . r;ew Z e al - 21 and Journal o f A�r i c ultural R e s e a!' c h 4 : B 1 2 . Eyle s , A . C . 42 6-440. 1 965 : Ob s ervati ons on s ome paras i t e s o f t'.VO Wi s eana spe c i e s ( Lep . : Hep ial i da e Z ealand J ournal o f .':..gr i c ultural R e s e a r ch ). J';ew 8 : 951 - 958. B1 3 . - - -- - - - - --- 1 96 6 : A p r edator on � i s eana ( Lep . : Hep i al id a e ) . IIew Z e aland J ournal of Agr i c ultur a l R e s e arch 9 : 6 9 9 -703 . B 1 4. ----------- 1 973 : Prey of the S t aphyl inid Thyr e o c ephalus chl or opt e r us Ent omol ogi s t { 5(3 & 4) : ( C ol e op te r a ) . 341 -342 . Kew Z e aland
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