THE PLANNERS GUIDE TO COMMUNITYWIZ THE ESSENTIAL TOOL FOR A NEW GENERATION OF PLANNING Doug WaIker and Daniels Tom An Orton Family Foundation American Planning Association Planners Press Making Great Communities Happen Chicago | Washington, D.C. Book CONTENTS Preface: The New Generation of Planning xiii Introduction: xvi Computers Communities, Planning, and CommunityViz and Planning Planning What CommunityViz Does CommunityViz Roots and Development CommunityViz and All Kinds of Planning The Orton Family Foundation's Heart & Soul Planning Philosophy Practical Benefits of New Generation Planning A New Generation of How to Use This Book Special xvi xvii xvii xviii xviii xxi xxi xxii Terms xxiv An Overview CommunityViz: xxv Scenario 360 xxv Common xxvii Applications with ArcGIS Integration xxvii 3-D Visualization within Scenario 360 xxvii Scenario 3D xxvii Scenario 3D Exporter and Viewer xxvii FOUNDATIONS Chapter Create an Identify Getting Started i: Define Your Study 4 Area 4 Area Profile 5 Problems and Forces of Identify Key People and Change Organizations 6 7 Describe Decisions That Need The to Be Made and Questions to Answer CommunityViz Project Framework for Decision Making The Difference Between Decisions and Information Describe Goals Chapter 2: Technical Needs and Computing Resources CommunityViz n and Technical Staff 11 Data Resources 12 Data Best Practices and Ethics Experts, Specialized Models, 3: 12 and Crowds Planning Study Design 13 Guidelines About Scenario Planning How Scenario Planning Principles Influence Project Design Geodesign and Making Decisions without Scenarios Project Practicalities Time and 8 10 10 Data Resources for Chapter 8 Analysis Design Iterative Design Design for Transparency 15 18 18 19 Budget Trade-Offs and Limitation of Feasible Planning 15 19 Projects 20 21 23 23 Multimedia Design 24 Visualization Priorities Technology Communication for Design 26 Design 26 Living Comprehensive a Chapter 25 Selection Plan Impact Models 4: Custom 26 and Analysis Why and When Types of Impact Rate-Based 28 Models and How Impact to Create Them Models Spatially Dependent Impact 30 Models 31 External Models How to Choose 31 a Custom a Model 31 Analysis 32 Technical Section: Dynamic Analysis in Scenario Dynamic 28 29 Coefficient-Based Impact Models Creating 28 360 Attributes 32 32 Indicators 33 Assumptions 34 Scenarios 34 Tools Setup 35 5: Three-Dimensional Scenes Chapter and When Why Choosing 36 3-D Platform a 36 How 3-D Works Partly 37 Transparent Textures Shadows and 38 Lighting 38 Active Materials How a Creating 36 39 3-D Scene Is Built 39 a 3-D Scene 40 Get Data 41 Create a Base Model Model Development Proposals 42 or Scenarios 43 Create Presentation Aids 44 Special Considerations for Metro and Regional Models 44 Teaching Example Chapter 6: 45 Getting the Most from 3-D The Art of Making Effective 3-D Scenes Providing Good Information the Computer-to-Real-World Connection Making Enhancing Subjective Solutions to Common Feel Challenges 50 50 50 50 51 52 Soft Features 52 Numerous Features 52 Large Areas 53 Uneven Terrain 54 Choosing Accessories 54 Conclusion CASE STUDIES: 54 Klamath River, California and Oregon; 55 Manchester, Vermont 57 II COMMUNITY VISIONING, VALUES, AND GROWTH Chapter 7: Why PROJECTIONS 63 Visioning and When Beginning Scenario 63 Visioning Project 64 Current Situation 64 the Assessing the Building Low-Tech 65 65 Visioning Scenarios Created by the Public 66 Scenarios Created Internally Best Practices for Creating Scenarios Selecting a Preferred Scenario 67 Implementation Plan 68 Teaching Example 68 CASE Res DU by Zone spatial buildout results STUDY: Chapter Land Use Metropolitan Boston, 8: Growth 67 67 Massachusetts Projections Build-Out Rea„DU_MDR *; Re6_DU_ForCon a; R<wj)U_OFA 72 75 75 Designer Build-Out Wizard 2: 6l 76 78 Steps Density Rules 79 Commercial 79 Buildings 79 Keeping Perspective TimeScope 80 Allocator 81 External Models 81 Combining Growth-Planning Decision Tools 82 Data Needs and Sources 82 Teaching Example 83 CASE STUDY: Middlebury,Vermont Chapter 9: Value Mapping and Special Places 87 90 Mapping Why and When Articulating Core Values Value Mapping Steps Making a Value Tree 90 Value Elements 92 Value Drivers 92 Physical Form 93 CommunityViz Value Indexes 93 Using Value Mapping 94 Places 94 Value Mapping Special case studies: 90 90 90 91 Allegheny County, Pennsylvania; Exeter, Rhode Island 95 viit III. MAKING Chapter Why io: PLANS Local Comprehensive Plans and When 104 Current Conditions Describing Creating Scenarios Modeling Impacts Engaging the Public Teaching Example STUDIES: Why 107 108 109 Durango,Colorado; 115 Mooresville, North Carolina 118 11: 121 Tools CommunityViz Analysis Templates Scale-Changing Formula 123 123 Functions Sketch Tools Linking Analysis Grids Teaching Example STUDIES: II TB^ ,1 127 Greater Nashville, Tennessee; Site Selection and Assessment Why and When Suitability Concepts CommunityViz Tools for Suitability Analysis Suitability Wizard Nested Suitability Categories Assumptions Symbology Tools 135 136 137 137 138 138 138 139 Scoring Systems for Centers and Neighborhoods 139 Teaching Example 141 CASE OH wurc«a 133 138 and Charts Irom 131 135 Alerts Projoclod Water Use 125 125 Washington County, Utah 12: 123 125 to External Models Chapter 12T 121 and When Data Needs CASE 106 106 Regional Land-Use and Transportation Plans Chapter 104 104 Data Needs case lOl STUDIES: Chapter Squamish, British Columbia, Canada; 144 Calumet County, Wisconsin 147 13: Resource Plans Data Needs and Sources Working with Raster Data Valuing Resources Conditions and Targets Assessing Implementation Strategies 149 149 150 151 151 152 CommunityViz Tools Scientific Modeling 152 Evaluation of BMPs 153 152 Optimizer LandFrag Wizard Teaching Example CASE 153 154 154 158 Topsham,Maine; STUDIES: Delmarva Peninsula, Delaware, Maryland, and IV. REVIEWING i^m¥^ WiSte? I \ Chapter 1 ;-'.ig. : „ £:i;:."' PROPOSALS 163 Analyzing Zoning Regulations 166 jl$!0Mk and When 166 Data Needs ^% :r „-_!— Why * 14: 166 Zoning Development Capacity Analysis Using , — Zoning Development Capacity Estimating Capacity «.„„ the Build-Out Wizard Calculations Outside the Build-Out Wizard Utilization * y?f* j ~~~ -jmi Capital '' m^m\M^m\ 171 15: Cost-of-Services Analyses, Improvements, and Pro Formas Setting Using a up a Cost-of-Services Analysis II ! v 179 L--<j\..Jl jfiHt^ Aw^^O^^V vSHt' ' \ h / *t?V' ' -^V ^AXwMnJSR W Regulations 179 Pro Forma Analyses 180 Teaching Example 180 Chapter ~ 176 177 Cost-of-Services Analysis Analyzing Subdivision and Land-Development V 170 Chapter sgj^ i v 166 171 Teaching Example j 160 REGULATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT %. "f&S"^7^^.. Virginia 16: Design About 3-D Review and for Form-Based Codes Reviews and Form-Based Codes Modeling Design Using 3-D for Design Review Modeling Proposals for Design Review Displaying the Scene Using 3-D for Drafting and Applying Form-Based Codes Indicators for Design Review and Form-Based Codes Site-Specific Indicators Comparative Community study: 185 187 187 187 188 189 189 Indicators 189 190 Teaching Example CASE 185 Westminster,Colorado 194 AND COMMUNICATING Chapter 17: Public INTERACTING Meetings, Presentations, and Charrettes 197 198 and When 198 Public Meetings 199 Why 199 Charrettes Presentation Techniques and Best Practices 202 Designing the Analysis 202 Understanding the 202 Designing Speaking the with Venue and Presenting Keypads Display 203 CommunityViz 204 Logistics 205 3-D Scenes and Online CommunityViz in Introducing 206 Polling 207 Workgroups 209 Workgroup Learning Curves Interactive Best Practices for CASE Audience 209 Capabilities to Workgroups STUDIES: Rocky Mountains, Idaho, Montana, and Alberta and British Columbia, Canada Chapter 18: Reports, Displays, and Websites Reporting Display Reporting and Display Images of 3-D 210 Fort Lupton, Colorado; Northern and 210 Using CommunityViz with Workgroups 212 Wyoming, 214 216 Features 216 Best Practices 216 Scenes 218 Website Project Web-Ready Reports 218 218 Website Images and Data 218 WebShots Wizard 220 3-D Scenes on the Web Sharing Complete Analysis More Web Options a 220 on the Web Chapter 19: Beyond Planning Projects Anticipating Planning Problems Connecting Plans to Day-to-Day Processes Supporting Other Departments 221 222 223 223 224 225 xi 228 APPENDICES Appendix i: When and How to Get Help 228 228 Readiness Self-Assessment CommunityViz Skills 228 Technical Environment 228 Organizational Readiness 228 Partners and Collaborators 228 Modeling Staffing for CommunityViz 229 Working with Consultants 229 Resources 230 Skills and Resources CommunityViz Appendix 2: Data 229 Management Data Management Best Practices for Data Management Best Practices for 3-D Visualization Using Data from Multiple Analysis 231 231 232 232 Sources Appendix 3: Performance 234 Analysis Performance 234 3-D Performance 235 Appendix 4: Data Sources Appendix 5: CommunityViz 238 Features Integration 243 243 Scenario 360 Features 243 with ArcGIS 3-D Visualization 243 Dynamic Charts 243 Scenarios 243 Decision Tools 244 Modeling 245 Engagement 247 Interactive Analysis and Communication and Scenario 3D Features 248 Scenario 3D Exporter 249 Scenario 3D Viewer 250 Contacts 251 References 253 Glossary 254 Acknowledgments 263 Index 264
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