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NDORS courses
Overview and Instructor Specification
1. National Speed Awareness Courses (NSAC)
The NSAC course designed by NDORS is a 4 hour theory presentation
delivered at six venues throughout Essex.
The venues are:
Pitsea
Brentwood
Chelmsford
Harlow
Colchester
Basildon
2 days a week (Tuesday and Wednesday) and alternate
Saturdays
up to 5 days a week (Monday to Friday)
up to 3.5 days a week (Tuesday to Friday and every
Tuesday evening)
2 days a week (Tuesday and Thursday)
up to 3 days a week (Wednesday to Saturday)
up to 2 days a week (Thursday and Friday)
There are two sessions a day and the timescale of the day is as follows:
0800
0815
0830
1230
Lunch break
1245
1300
1700
1715
Trainer arrives on site and prepared venue for presentation
Clients begin to arrive and are registered
Session 1 begins (15 minute break at 1030)
Session 1 ends
Clients begin to arrive and are registered
Session 2 begins (15 minute break at 1500)
Session ends and venue cleared
Trainer leaves venue
Total working time (excluding lunch break) is 9 hours
There will be 24 clients per session and 2 trainers will be present for each
course.
Trainer Specification
•
Driving Standards Agency Approved Driving Instructor grade 4
(minimum 2 years) or Accreditation in delivering behavioural change
programmes for adults
•
Nationally recognised teaching qualification (i.e PTTLS level 3 or 4)
•
Holder of a valid Driving Licence (No more than 3 points)
•
Recognised Advanced Driving qualification
•
Experience in the delivery of the National Speed Awareness Course
would be beneficial but is not essential
The ability to speak a second language would be desirable
•
Trainers will also be required to demonstrate:
•
Enthusiasm
•
Ability to provide encouragement
•
Patience
•
Good interpersonal skills
•
A high level of customer care
A trainer will be required to provide all relevant documentation to the Scheme
Monitor at the commencement of employment and every year thereafter. Also
on renewal of ADI or Fleet licence, the new details should be forwarded to the
Scheme Monitor.
If a trainer incurs a conviction for a driving offence the trainer should inform
the Driver Intervention Schemes Manager immediately the conviction is
confirmed.
It will be at the discretion of the Driver Intervention Schemes Manager in
consultation with the local NDORS review meeting board to decide whether to
continue using the services of the trainer.
2.
National Driver Alertness Course (NDAC) – Senior Theory Trainer
The NDAC course designed by NDORS is an 8 hour theory and practical
session delivered at Chelmsford. Sessions are delivered every Monday and
on alternate Thursdays.
The Senior Theory Trainer role delivers registers the clients dealing with any
driving licence and identification issues and then delivers the morning theory
session.
The Senior Theory Trainer then allocates clients to the practical trainers for
the on road practical session.
Two Senior Theory Trainers deliver the theory session to a maximum of 20
clients.
Timescale for day:
0830
0845
0900
1130
1300
1330
1630
1700
Trainer arrives on site and prepared venue for presentation
Clients begin to arrive and are registered
Theory session begins
Nominated Senior Theory Trainer allocates clients to a
Practical trainer
Working buffet lunch (provided by supplier)
Practical session continues
Clients return to venue for final theory session and de briefing
Trainers leave venue
Total working time is 8½ hours which includes a working lunch.
Trainer Specification
•
Driving Standards Agency Approved Driving Instructor grade 4
(minimum 2 years)
•
Nationally recognised teaching qualification
•
Recognised Advanced Driving qualification
•
Holder of a valid Driving Licence (No more than 3 points)
•
Experience in the delivery of the National Driver Alertness Course
would be beneficial but is not essential
•
The ability to speak a second language would be desirable
Trainers will also be required to demonstrate:
•
Enthusiasm
•
Ability to provide encouragement
•
Patience
•
Good interpersonal skills
•
A high level of customer care
•
The ability to coach a client in driving processes rather than to instruct
The trainer will need to provide a dual controlled 4/5 seat modern vehicle,
either manual or automatic, (the ability to provide both would be an
advantage). The vehicle will need to be fully insured to deliver driving
instruction and be currently taxed and have a valid MOT certificate. The ADI
licence should be displayed in the vehicle.
A trainer will be required to provide all relevant documentation to the Scheme
Monitor at the commencement of employment and every year thereafter. Also
on renewal of ADI or Fleet licence, the new details should be forwarded to the
Scheme Monitor.
If a trainer incurs a conviction for a driving offence the trainer should inform
the Driver Intervention Schemes Manager immediately the conviction is
confirmed.
It will be at the discretion of the Driver Intervention Schemes Manager in
consultation with the local NDORS review meeting board to decide whether to
continue using the services of the trainer.
3. National Driver Alertness Course (NDAC) – Practical
The NDAC course designed by NDORS is an 8 hour theory and practical
session delivered at Chelmsford. Sessions are delivered every Monday and
on one or two Thursdays per month.
The morning theory session is delivered by two Senior Theory Trainers.
The Practical trainers arrive at 1130 and are allocated either 2 or 3 clients
(dependant of the make up of the client group).
The timescale for the day is:
1115
Nominated Senior Theory Trainer allocates clients to a
Practical trainer
1300
Working buffet lunch (provided by supplier)
1330
Practical session continues
1630
Clients return to venue for final theory session and de briefing
1645
Trainers leave venue
Total working day is 5½ hrs which includes a working lunch.
Trainer Specification
•
Driving Standards Agency Approved Driving Instructor grade 4
(minimum 2 years)
•
Recognised Advanced Driving qualification
•
Holder of a valid Driving Licence (No more than 3 points)
•
Experience in the delivery of the National Driver Alertness Course
would be beneficial but is not essential
•
The ability to speak a second language would be desirable
Trainers will also be required to demonstrate:
•
Enthusiasm
•
Ability to provide encouragement
•
Patience
•
Good interpersonal skills
•
A high level of customer care
•
The ability to coach a client in driving processes rather than to instruct
The trainer will need to provide a dual controlled 4/5 seat modern vehicle,
either manual or automatic, (the ability to provide both would be an
advantage). The vehicle will need to be fully insured to deliver driving
instruction and be currently taxed and have a valid MOT certificate. The ADI
licence should be displayed in the vehicle.
A trainer will be required to provide all relevant documentation to the Scheme
Monitor at the commencement of employment and every year thereafter. Also
on renewal of ADI or Fleet licence, the new details should be forwarded to the
Scheme Monitor.
If a trainer incurs a conviction for a driving offence the trainer should inform
the Driver Intervention Schemes Manager immediately the conviction is
confirmed.
It will be at the discretion of the Driver Intervention Schemes Manager in
consultation with the local NDORS review meeting board to decide whether to
continue using the services of the trainer.
4.
What’s Driving Us
The WDU course designed by NDORS is a 3¼ hour theory presentation
delivered at two venues throughout Essex.
It is a behavioural change course for drivers who commit driving offences
where there is an intentional act to do so. Examples are failing to comply with
a red traffic signal, using a mobile phone whilst driving, crossing white lines,
etc
The venues are:
Colchester
Pitsea
Basildon
1 day a week (currently Thursdays)
2 days a week (currently Thursdays and Fridays)
1 day a week (currently Wednesdays)
This is likely to increase during the next year to 2 days at each venue.
There are two sessions a day and the timescale of the day is as follows:
0830
0845
0900
1215
Lunch break
1245
1300
1615
1630
Trainer arrives on site and prepared venue for presentation
Clients begin to arrive and are registered
Session 1 begins (15 minute break at 1030)
Session 1 ends
Clients begin to arrive and are registered
Session 2 begins (15 minute break at 1430)
Session ends and venue cleared
Trainer leaves venue
Total working time (excluding lunch break) is 7½ hours
There will be 24 clients per session and 2 trainers will be present for each
course.
Trainer Specification
•
Nationally recognised teaching qualification
•
Accreditation in delivering behavioural change programmes for adults
or Driving Standards Agency Approved Driving Instructor grade 4
(Accreditation in delivering other NDORS courses is acceptable).
•
Experience in the delivery of the What’s Driving You course would be
beneficial but is not essential
•
Holder of a valid Driving Licence (No more than 3 points)
•
The ability to speak a second language would be desirable
Trainers will also be required to demonstrate:
•
Enthusiasm
•
Experience in delivering training sessions to adults
•
Ability to provide encouragement
•
Patience
•
Good interpersonal skills
•
A high level of customer care
•
The ability to coach a client in behavioural processes rather than to
instruct
•
Experience of working closely with colleagues in a professional setting
A trainer will be required to provide all relevant documentation to the Scheme
Monitor at the commencement of employment and every year thereafter. Also
on renewal of ADI or Fleet licence, the new details should be forwarded to the
Scheme Monitor.
If a trainer incurs a conviction for a driving offence the trainer should inform
the Driver Intervention Schemes Manager immediately the conviction is
confirmed.
It will be at the discretion of the Driver Intervention Schemes Manager in
consultation with the local NDORS review meeting board to decide whether to
continue using the services of the trainer.
WDU Trainer Person Specification
Qualifications
Full driving licence
A nationally recognised qualification in delivering training* AND:
EITHER an accreditation in delivering behavioural programmes for
adults** OR an ADI Qualification.
Essential or
Desirable
E
E
Experience
Experience of delivering training sessions to adults
Experience of facilitating behavioural change programmes with adults
Experience of working closely with colleagues in a professional setting
E
D
D
Interpersonal skills
Skills to relate to clients in one-to-one and group settings
Skills to challenge attitudes constructively
Skills to encourage individuals and groups to participate fully
E
E
E
Knowledge/Skills/Abilities
Understanding of theories underlying behavioural change techniques
Administration skills
IT skills, including PowerPoint
Knowledge of the Highway Code
D
E
E
E
The ability to explore different driving scenarios with experienced drivers
E
Other
Knowledge of issues related to driver education
Enthusiasm and the ability to motivate positive change
D
E
*Examples include City and Guild awards in training and development or
teaching and supporting learners, awards in teaching in the lifelong learning
sector, awards in teaching in the FE or HE sector.
**Examples include courses in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, courses
accredited by the British Psychological Society or the British Association of
Counselling and Psychotherapy, courses for offenders such as for HMPS or
the probation service, programmes for organisations such as the Youth
Service, Social Services or the NHS. Examples could also include accredited
qualifications in coaching or as an NLP practitioner. Accreditation in delivering
other NDORS courses is also acceptable.
5.
RiDE
The RiDE course designed by NDORS is a 6 hour theory presentation (with 1
hour of breaks) delivered at two or three venue in Essex (venues to be agreed
but expected to be Pitsea, Chelmsford and Colchester)
This is a new course which is currently being rolled out by NDORS and there
will be a new training course for potential Instructors to attend and complete.
The person specifications are as follows:
RiDE Instructor Trainer
Essential or
Desirable
To be identified by:
Application
Training
Reference
Qualification demonstrating familiarity with models of treatment and
/ or behavioural
E
A/T
A nationally recognised qualification in delivering training * or a
nationally recognised accreditation in delivering behavioural
programmes for adults **
E
A/T
Hold a full motorcycle licence (minimum 3 Years)
E
A/T
Approved DSA DAS Instructor (minimum 3 years)
D
A/T
DSA RPMT Registered
D
A/T
E
A/T/R
RIDE Change Behaviour Trainer
Qualifications
Experience
Experience of paid or voluntary work in a treatment setting relevant
to behaviour modification or change ***
Evidence that demonstrates proficiency in delivering training in a
one-to-many setting
E
A/T
Experience of motorcycling, demonstrating an awareness of
motorcyclists’ motivations and attitudes
D
A/T
Experience in delivering adult education programmes
E
A/T
Evidence of an ability to form good and respectful professional
working relationships with colleagues
E
A/T
The ability to reflect realistically on own strengths and weaknesses
and to reflect constructively on all aspects of own performance
D
A/T
Evidence of receptiveness to feedback and to apply ideas and
knowledge gained from feedback
E
T
Evidence of ability to form empathic relations with offenders (clients)
in a therapeutic setting
E
T
Capacity for frequent extended periods of intense which require
active participation
D
T/R
Demonstrate the ability to work effectively whilst exposed to
possible challenging working conditions, including exposure to
verbal hostility and aggression
D
A/T
Knowledge of; behavioural change interventions and / or
psychological models of change treatment approach used on
behaviour change courses; e.g. theory of reasoned action, theory of
planned behaviour, transtheoretical (stages of change) model,
problem behaviour model, health beliefs model, social learning
theory *
E
A/T
Awareness and knowledge of the motivations and attitudes of
relevant road-users (e.g. speeder, drink-driver, motorcyclist)
D
A/T
Effective communication skills, both orally and in written format
E
A/T
Evidence of ability to communicate complex, technical and
potentially sensitive information to clients
E
A/T
Evidence of ability to tailor communication in a manner which is
congruent with clients’ needs, which may include emotional
reactions to their past experiences
E
A/T
Good presentation and teaching skills suited to both formal and
informal settings
E
A/T
Administrative Skills-ability to deal with appropriate paperwork
D
A/T
Knowledge of issues related to rider education
D
A/T
IT skills, including PowerPoint
E
A/T
Knowledge of the Highway Code
E
T
Administrative Skills
E
A/T
Enthusiasm and the ability to motivate positive change
E
A/T/R
Current, clean driving licence and car/motorcycle owner ****
D
A/T
Interpersonal Skills
Knowledge/Skills/Abilities
Other
Public Liability Insurance
E
A
Essential or
Desirable
To be identified by:
Application
Training
Reference
Interview
Hold a full Motorcycle licence
E
A
Approved DSA DAS Instructor
E
A
Minimum 1 year instructing experience at DAS level
E
A
DSA RPMT Registered
E
A
A nationally recognised qualification in delivering training * or a
nationally recognised accreditation in delivering behavioural
programmes for adults **
E
Experience of facilitating behavioural change programmes with
adults
D
RiDE Practical Trainer
RiDE Practical Trainer
Qualifications
Experience
Evidence of prior experience of delivering training and education to
qualified Riders in a classroom setting
E
Experience in delivering adult education programmes
E
Evidence of Team work - experience of working closely with
colleagues in a organisational setting
D
A/R
Evidence of ability to deliver training presentations using a variety of
presentation methods
E
A/R
Communication skills
E
A
Evidence of ability to answer technical questions and provide
answers congruent with client's understanding
E
Administration skills – ability to deal with appropriate paperwork i.e.
completion of assessment forms
E
A
Issues related to rider education other than by being an DSA DAS
qualified instructor
D
A
Enthusiasm and the ability to motivate positive change
D
R
Maximum 3 points on driving licence ***
E
I
A/R
Knowledge/Skills/Abilities
Other
RIDE Change Behaviour Trainer
Essential or
Desirable
To be identified by:
Application
Training
Reference
Interview
Qualification demonstrating familiarity with models of treatment and
/ or behavioural change (e.g. counselling, CBT therapist, NLP
practitioner, teaching qualification in associated area) *
E
A/T
A nationally recognised qualification in delivering training or an
accreditation in delivering behavioural programmes for adults **
E
A/I
Experience of paid or voluntary work in a treatment setting exposing
the person to processes directly relevant to behaviour modification
or change ***
E
A/I
Evidence that demonstrates an awareness of the contexts in which
behavioural interventions are usually delivered
E
A/T
Evidence that demonstrates proficiency in delivering training in a
one-to-many setting
E
A/T
Experience of motorcycling, thus demonstrating an awareness of
motorcyclists’ motivations and attitudes
D
A/R
Evidence of an ability to form good and respectful professional
working relationships with colleagues
E
A/T/R
The ability to reflect realistically on own strengths and weaknesses
and to reflect constructively on all aspects of own performance
D
A/T
Evidence of receptiveness to feedback and to apply ideas and
knowledge gained from feedback
E
T
Evidence of ability to form empathic relations with clients in a
therapeutic setting
E
T
Capacity for frequent extended periods of intense concentration in a
context of training courses or therapeutic programmes which require
active participation and takes account of dynamic processes and
where planning of appropriate responses to these dynamic
processes is required
D
T/R
Demonstrate the ability to work effectively whilst exposed to
possible challenging working conditions, including exposure to
verbal hostility and aggression
D
A/T
Knowledge of; behavioural change interventions and / or
psychological models of change treatment approach used on
behaviour change courses; e.g. theory of reasoned action, theory of
planned behaviour, transtheoretical (stages of change) model,
problem behaviour model, health beliefs model, social learning
theory [see Note 1]
E
A/T
Awareness and knowledge of the motivations and attitudes of
relevant road-users (e.g. speeder, drink-driver, motorcyclist)
E
A/T
RIDE Change Behaviour Trainer
Qualifications
Experience
Interpersonal Skills
Knowledge/Skills/Abilities
Effective communication skills, both orally and in written format
E
A/T
Evidence of ability to communicate complex, technical and
potentially sensitive information to clients
E
A/T
Evidence of ability to tailor communication in a manner which is
congruent with clients’ needs, including clients who have difficulty in
communicating or understanding and possibly clients with a range
of emotional reactions to their past experiences
E
A/T
Evidence of ability to exercise both appropriate assertion and
diplomacy according to the particular situation with professional
colleagues and clients with a range of challenging attitudes and
behaviours (including hostility and aggression)
E
A/T
Evidence of good presentation and teaching skills suited to both
formal and informal settings
E
A/T
Knowledge of issues related to rider education
D
A/T
Enthusiasm and the ability to motivate positive change
D
A/T/I
Current, clean driving licence and car/motorcycle owner ****
D
A/T
Other
If a trainer incurs a conviction for a driving offence the trainer should inform
the Driver Intervention Schemes Manager immediately the conviction is
confirmed.
It will be at the discretion of the Driver Intervention Schemes Manager in
consultation with the local NDORS review meeting board to decide whether to
continue using the services of the trainer.
6.
Driving For Change (D4C)
The D4C course, designed by NDORS, is a 2¼ hour practical session with
one trainer to two clients and will be delivered at three venues throughout
Essex. It is a short offender training course for drivers where an error of
judgement amounts to a minor infringement and the causation factors are
considered to be skill based.
The venues are:
Pitsea
Chelmsford
Colchester
At present these courses are delivered between 0830 and 1100 on the
following days:
Monday
Thursday
Springfield Parish Centre, Chelmsford
Wat Tyler Park, Pitsea
Friday
Colchester (only 1 per month)
These days coincide with the delivery of NDAC to allow a trainer to do D4C
and then an NDAC practical session.
In the future it is planned that a minimum of two courses will be delivered per
day and the start times are yet to be fixed.
The expected course times are:
0815 – 1045
1100 – 1330
1400 – 1630 (If third course is run).
The trainer will need to provide a dual controlled 4/5 seat modern vehicle,
either manual or automatic, (the ability to provide both would be an
advantage). The vehicle will need to be fully insured to deliver driving
instruction and be currently taxed and have a valid MOT certificate. The ADI
licence should be displayed in the vehicle.
A trainer will be required to provide all relevant documentation to the Scheme
Monitor at the commencement of employment and every year thereafter. Also
on renewal of ADI or Fleet licence, the new details should be forwarded to the
Scheme Monitor.
Trainer Specification
•
Minimum grade 4 ADI
•
Valid full driving licence (No more than 3 points)
•
Fleet registered
•
Good communication skills
•
Good Knowledge of the Highway Code
Trainers will also be required to demonstrate:
•
Enthusiasm
•
Experience in delivering training sessions to adults
•
Ability to provide encouragement
•
Patience
•
Good interpersonal skills
•
A high level of customer care
•
The ability to coach a client in behavioural processes rather than to
instruct
If a trainer incurs a conviction for a driving offence the trainer should inform
the Driver Intervention Schemes Manager immediately the conviction is
confirmed.
It will be at the discretion of the Driver Intervention Schemes Manager in
consultation with the local NDORS review meeting board to decide whether to
continue using the services of the trainer.
Essential or
Desirable
To be identified by:
Application
Training
Reference
Interview
Full driving licence
E
A/I
Approved Driving Instructor (minimum Grade 4)
E
A/I
Minimum 2 years instructing experience
E
A/I
DSA Fleet Registered
E
A/I
Evidence of prior experience of delivering training to qualified
drivers
E
A/R/I
Experience in utilising coaching skills
D
A/T/R/I
Evidence of Team work - experience of working closely with
colleagues in a organisational setting
D
A/T/R/I
Ability to deliver training presentations
E
A/T/R/I
Communication skills
E
A/T/R/I
Administration skills – ability to deal with appropriate paperwork i.e.
completion of assessment forms
E
A/T
Issues related to driver education other than by being an ADI or
delivering driver training
D
A/R/I
Enthusiasm and the ability to motivate positive change
D
A/T/R
Driving 4 CHANGE Trainer
Qualifications
Experience
Knowledge/Skills/Abilities
Other
7.
National Speed Awareness Course – 20mph (NSAC 20)
This is a new NDORS course which will be available for delivery after April
2014. It is expected to be a 2.5 hour theory course delivered in two or three
venues throughout Essex (locations to be agreed).
It is anticipated that two courses would be run per day:
09:30 to 12:00
13:00 to 15:30
Expected schedule for this course would be:
09:00
09:15
09:30
12:00
Lunch
12:45
13:00
15:30
Trainers arrive to set up
Registration
Course 1 commences
Course 1 ends
Registration
Course 2 commences
Course 3 ends
There may be a possibility of an evening course as well:
18:30 – 21:00
Trainer Specification
•
Driving Standards Agency Approved Driving Instructor grade 4
(minimum 2 years) or Accreditation in delivering behavioural change
programmes for adults
•
Nationally recognised teaching qualification (i.e PTTLS level 3 or 4)
•
Holder of a valid Driving Licence (No more than 3 points)
•
Recognised Advanced Driving qualification
•
Experience in the delivery of the National Speed Awareness Course
would be beneficial but is not essential
•
The ability to speak a second language would be desirable
Trainers will also be required to demonstrate:
•
Enthusiasm
•
Ability to provide encouragement
•
Patience
•
Good interpersonal skills
Trainers will also be required to demonstrate:
•
Enthusiasm
•
Ability to provide encouragement
•
Patience
•
Good interpersonal skills
•
A high level of customer care
A trainer will be required to provide all relevant documentation to the Scheme
Monitor at the commencement of employment and every year thereafter. Also
on renewal of ADI or Fleet licence, the new details should be forwarded to the
Scheme Monitor.
If a trainer incurs a conviction for a driving offence the trainer should inform
the Driver Intervention Schemes Manager immediately the conviction is
confirmed.
It will be at the discretion of the Driver Intervention Schemes Manager in
consultation with the local NDORS review meeting board to decide whether to
continue using the services of the trainer.
8. In House Training (IHT)
This is a non NDORS ECC theory and practical course for the users of lease
cars provided by the ECC Car Provisions. Delegates provide their own lease
car to undertake the practical session of this training.
The courses are run every Tuesday at Chelmsford.
The training is in two sections:
Theory
12:00 – 13:30
Practical
13:30 – 16:30
Theory trainers:
Trainer Specification
•
Driving Standards Agency Approved Driving Instructor grade 4
(minimum 2 years) or Accreditation in delivering behavioural change
programmes for adults
•
Nationally recognised teaching qualification (i.e PTTLS level 3 or 4)
•
Holder of a valid Driving Licence (No more than 3 points)
•
Recognised Advanced Driving qualification
Practical trainers:
Trainer Specification
•
Driving Standards Agency Approved Driving Instructor grade 4
(minimum 2 years)
•
Recognised Advanced Driving qualification
•
Holder of a valid Driving Licence (No more than 3 points)
9. Future NDORS courses
NDORS are in the process of developing future education courses for specific
offender groups which may include young drivers, young riders, older drivers,
pedal cyclists and any other vulnerable group that may be identified through
the future research of collision data.
The trainer specification for these courses will include some but not
necessarily all of the following skill areas:
•
Driving Standards Agency Approved Driving Instructor grade 4
(minimum 2 years)
•
Recognised Advanced Driving qualification
•
Holder of a valid Driving Licence (No more than 3 points)
•
Nationally recognised teaching qualification (i.e PTTLS level 3 or 4)
•
An accreditation in delivering behavioural change programmes for
adults
(Examples include courses in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, courses
accredited by the British Psychological Society or the British
Association of Counselling and Psychotherapy, courses for offenders
such as for HMPS or the probation service, programmes for
organisations such as the Youth Service, Social Services or the NHS.
Examples could also include accredited qualifications in coaching or as
an NLP practitioner. Accreditation in delivering other NDORS courses
is also acceptable)
•
Fleet registered
•
Good communication skills
•
Good Knowledge of the Highway Code
•
Qualified Bikeability trainer
•
Full Motorcycle licence
•
Approved DSA DAS Instructor
•
Enthusiasm
•
Ability to provide encouragement
•
Patience
•
Good interpersonal skills
•
A high level of customer care
•
The ability to coach a client in driving processes rather than to instruct
This list is not exhaustive and additional skills and experience may be
included to satisfy the needs of the NDORS education course