Aethiopica 11 (2008)

Aethiopica 11 (2008)
International Journal of Ethiopian and
Eritrean Studies
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DAVID APPLEYARD, Bath, England
Review
RONNY MEYER, Wolane. Descriptive Grammar of an East Gurage Language (Ethiosemitic)
Aethiopica 11 (2008), 269߃271
ISSN: 1430߃1938
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Published by
UniversitÃt Hamburg
Asien Afrika Institut, Abteilung Afrikanistik und £thiopistik
Hiob Ludolf Zentrum fÛr £thiopistik
Reviews
some of the languages. All in all, it would be nice if the whole field of
Ethiopian linguistics could abandon this unhelpful tradition and agree to
use the internationally accepted standard of the IPA.
In spite of this little shortcoming, the Comparative Dictionary of the Agaw
Languages is an excellent resource. It defines a new step in the reconstruction
of Proto-Agaw, which can be used even for comparative work on all Cushitic
languages. It is also a priceless documentation of the combined lexicon of the
Agaw languages, as far as it has been published in various sources to date. The
author is to be commended for this diligent and time-consuming work. It will
be an asset to anyone who wants to study the Agaw languages, be it from the
descriptive or from the comparative perspective.
Andreas Joswig, SIL (Summer Institute of Linguistics) Ethiopia
RONNY MEYER, Wolane. Descriptive Grammar of an East Gurage
Language (Ethiosemitic). RÛdiger KÕppe Verlag, KÕln. 2006. 340 pp.
Price: ߫ 39,80. ISBN: 978߃3߃89645߃547߃5
Wolane (also WÃlÃne) is an unwritten language with around 70,000 speakers
belonging to the East Gurage branch of South Ethiopic or Ethiosemitic
(ES). Some classifications of ES consider Wolane to be a dialect or variant of
SƼl‫ؾ‬e, whilst others regard it as a separate language. Though Meyer states
that SƼl‫ؾ‬e and Wolane are mutually intelligible, which on purely descriptive
linguistic grounds would make them varieties of the same language or dialect continuum, he prefers to consider them as two distinct languages on
sociolinguistic grounds, as the two groups of speakers themselves stress the
cultural differences between them.
The present grammar does not follow a single linguistic or theoretical
model, but is expressly descriptive, using a structural approach in identifying phonemes and morphemes and a functional approach in describing
morpho-syntactic and discourse-pragmatic features. As such it is readily
accessible and allows the reader easily to discover and grasp relevant facts
about the language. To this end the copious examples are given in a fourfold
format: (a) the word or words as spoken, in a broad transcription marking
sub-phonemic features, followed (b) by a morpheme analysis, (c) a morpheme-by-morpheme gloss, and finally (d) an English translation. The distinct utterance format is necessitated insofar as there is a not inconsiderable
degree of allophonic variation in Wolane, for instance where the ending of
the 1s perfective of verbs, underlyingly /-hw/, can surface as [-ku], [-hu] or [wx] according to environment, or the consonant /q/ surfaces either as ejective [k߈] or glottal stop [ɳ] in strictly defined positions. Data in tables and
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Aethiopica 11 (2008)
Reviews
citations within the text, however, are by and large given only in utterance
format unless expressly marked to the contrary.
Following an introductory section briefly discussing sociolinguistic and
historical issues, the grammar pursues the normal sequence of chapters on
phonology, morphology and syntax in that order. A smaller chapter containing language samples, greetings and a fully glossed text, closes the main
part of the grammar. Each larger chapter is subdivided into smaller sections,
sub-sections and subsidiary sub-sections, where appropriate. The transcription used is generally that familiar to ethiopianist linguists, aside from the
notation of some allophones where the normal IPA symbols are used; the
most notable exceptions, however, are ɑ instead of Ð or ħ for the palatal
nasal, and the vowels, the six phonemes of which are noted as i, ò, u, Ĭ, ů
and à. The discussion throughout is full, comprehensive and well illustrated
with examples. Occasional comparative information referring to other related languages is also given in the footnotes or in the closing remarks of sections. Indeed, the volume provides what is probably the most in-depth description to date of any South ES language, aside from Amharic. This is
particularly evident in the chapter on syntax, where the treatment is near
exhaustive, often cross referencing with and amplifying what has been mentioned earlier in the book. The analysis of the data is rigorous and for the
most part clear, though one or two things may give the reader cause for
temporary puzzlement: why, for example, is vowel length marked in the
phonemic transcription (so, ò, Ĭ and à, above) when the author states that
length in vowels is not phonemic? Or, whilst it is understandable from the
point of view of economy of description, it seems odd that pronoun object
markers are handled under the discussion of the verb, along with subject
marking, whilst other pronoun suffixes, i.e. possessive suffixes, are treated
under the discussion of pronouns as part of the larger chapter on nouns.
As a South ES language, Wolane exhibits many features that are similar to
what can be found in related languages, particularly, of course, in other members of the Transversal South ES (TSE) subgroup. Readers will, however, find
a number of points particularly interesting either from a general typological
point of view, or because of the light they may shed on comparative ES linguistics. So, for instance, Wolane has a small subclass of bi- and triradical stem
verbs that show a seemingly unexplained intrusive n: ɳandůrů ߇he spent the
night߈ (cf. Amharic addÃrÃ), ɳanŝů ߇he saw߈ (cf. Amharic ayyÃ, ChÃha aŝÃ-m,
but Argobba hanǆa), yònzò ߇he took߈ (cf. Amharic yazÃ), and so on, a feature
that seems to be limited to TSE. Also from verbs, Wolane shows an unusual
feature in that the 3sm and 3p markers in the negative imperfective are different in main-clause verbs and subordinate verbs: so, 3sm main /ɳl-/ and subordinate /-ɳay-/, resp: /ɳl-sůbr/ ɳƼlƼsů¾Ƽr ߇he does not break߈ but /t-ɳa-y-sůbr/
tàysů¾Ƽr ߇without his breaking߈ (contrast Amharic aysÃbrƼm, saysÃbr). RelaAethiopica 11 (2008)
270
Reviews
tive verb formation shows much in common with other TSE languages: perfective marker yů-, imperfective zero marker (cf. Old Amharic, SƼl‫ؾ‬e), but
with the obligatory addition of the auxiliary -à[n], making the relative imperfective identical with the main verb form: /y-sůbr-ůy-àn/ yɉsů¾reyàn ߇he
breaks it߈ and ߇[the thing] which he breaks߈. These are just a few examples of
many interesting features that are dealt with in this excellent volume.
David Appleyard, Bath, England
Proceedings of the XVth International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, Hamburg July 20߃25, 2003. Ed. by SIEGBERT UHLIG. Assistant
Editors: MARIA BULAKH, DENIS NOSNITSIN and THOMAS RAVE =
Aethiopistische Forschungen 65. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2006.
XIX + 1110 S. Preis: ߫ 110,00. ISBN 3߃447߃04799߃2
Mit der 15. ICES in Hamburg und den jetzt vorliegenden Akten wurden
mehrere Rekorde gebrochen. Mit ca. 400 Teilnehmern und 266 VortrÃgen
war sie die grÕ¾te £thiopistenkonferenz bisher.1 Entsprechend ist der vorliegende Band der bisher umfangreichste in der Reihe der ߋAethiopistischen
Forschungenߌ. Er enthÃlt 129 ausgewÃhlte BeitrÃge, somit fast die HÃlfte der
gehaltenen VortrÃge. Dem in Rezensionen zu SammelbÃnden regelmÃ¾ig geÃu¾erten einleitenden Vorbehalt, die Rezension kÕnne nicht allen BeitrÃgen
gerecht werden, muss sich angesichts dieser MonumentalitÃt auch diese Rez. anschlie¾en. Eine gewisse PauschalitÃt ist schlicht unvermeidbar. WillkÛrlich einzelne BeitrÃge positiv oder negativ hervorzuheben wÃre hier einfach ungerecht.
Die Proceedings sind in die folgenden neun inhaltlichen Abschnitte gegliedert:
a) ߋAnthropologyߌ (23 BeitrÃge): Hier ist eine deutliche »berzahl von BeitrÃgen festzustellen, die sich mit sÛdÃthiopischen Ethnien befassen. Die
Tradition, dass Ethnologen sich primÃr mit illiteraten VÕlkern abseits der
schriftgeprÃgten Hochkulturen befassen, ist also auch in der £thiopistik
noch wirksam.
b) ߋHistoryߌ (26 BeitrÃge): Die meisten BeitrÃge befassen sich mit der Geschichte des 19. und des 20. Jahrhunderts, einige wenige haben die aksumitische Periode oder das 16. und 17. Jahrhundert zum Thema.
c) ߋArtsߌ (13 BeitrÃge): Hier kommen nicht nur Themen der bildenden
Kunst und der Architektur zur Sprache, sondern auch die Musik.
d) ߋLiterature and Philologyߌ (13 BeitrÃge): Der Fokus liegt klar auf der
traditionellen GƼʞƼz-Literatur.
1
Die 16. ICES in Trondheim (Juli 2007) war mit etwa 200 VortrÃgen deutlich kleiner.
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Aethiopica 11 (2008)

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