Document

Trade and Investment Regime
- Japan’s Perspective -
Change of Japanese Trade 【Export & Import】
(2011)
(1995)
Others China
5%
11%
Australia
Saudi Arabia
1%
2%
ASEAN-10
18%
EU-27
16%
S. Korea
7%
USA
27%
Others
20%
Saudi Arabia
3%
ASEAN-10
15%
Australia
4%
Other
Asian
Economies
14%
China
21%
EU-27
11%
USA
13%
Other S. Korea
Asian 6%
Economies
8%
～Trade Share (2011)～
 TPP
 RCEP
 JCK
 EU
: 27% (Australia, Brunei, Chile, Malaysia, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, USA, Vietnam,
Mexico, Canada)
: 47% (ASEAN, Australia, China, India, S. Korea, New Zealand)
: 27%
: 11%
Source: Global Trade Atlas
2
機密性２
Japan’s Outward Foreign Direct Investment
Japan’s Outward FDI Stock
(trillion yen)
Total:74.8
80.0
Total:68.2
Total:61.8
70.0
60.0
Total:53.4
Total:45.6
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
17.6
(38.7%)
10.4
(22.7%)
10.8
(23.7%)
6.8
(15.0%)
2005
18.6
(34.8%)
12.8
(23.9%)
14.1
(25.4%)
7.9
(14.7% )
2006
19.7
(31.9%)
20.5
(33.1%)
15.0
(24.3%)
14.4
(23.3%)
16.4
(26.6%)
14.6
(23.7%)
10.7
(17.3%)
12.3
(20.0%)
2007
Total:67.7
Total:61.7
2008
21.3
(31.2%)
20.5
(30.3%)
16.2
(23.7%)
17.3
(25.6%)
16.1
(23.6%)
14.9
(22.0%)
14.6
(21.4%)
15.0
(22.1%)
2009
2010
21.4
(28.6%)
20.0
(26.7%)
16.7
(22.3%)
16.7
(22.3%)
USA
Asia
EU
Others
2011
Source: Bank of Japan
Japan’s Outward FDI Flow (2011)
Rank
Country
2011
1
USA
14,730
2
UK
14,125
3
China
12,649
-
EU
36,052
-
ASEAN
19,645
(million dollar)
Source: JETRO
3
Development of Japan’s EPA/FTA Networks
12 countries and 1 region
Took Effect/Signed
Under Study/discussion
Under Negotiation
EU
Concluded scoping
exercise
5 countries and 1 region
China-Japan-Korea
Turkey
Under joint study
Negotiation will be launched
within this year
Mongolia
Republic of Korea
Under negotiations
Negotiation suspended
Switzerland
India
ASEAN (AJCEP)
Took effect
in Sep. 2009
Took effect
in Aug. 2011
Took effect in Dec. 2008
GCC
Under negotiation
GCC : Saudi Arabia, Kuwait,
United Arab Emirates,
Bahrain, Qatar, Oman
1 country and 3 regions
Malaysia
Took effect
in Jul. 2006
Singapore
Took effect
in Nov. 2002,
revised in Sep.
2007
Canada
TPP
Continue consultations
toward participating with
the countries concerned
Concurred with launch
of negotiations
USA
Thailand
Vietnam
Took effect
in Nov. 2007
Mexico
Took effect
in Oct. 2009
Brunei
Philippines
Took effect
in Apr. 2005
Revised in
Apr. 2012
Took effect
in Jul. 2008
Took effect
in Dec. 2008
Indonesia
Australia
Took effect
in Jul. 2008
Under negotiation
RCEP
Under discussion by the
governments
Columbia
Concurred with
launch of
negotiations
Peru
Took effect
In Mar. 2012
Chile
ＮＺ
Took effect
in Sep. 2007
4
Road to FTAAP
5
Pluri-lateral Agreements
Pluri-lateral Agreements have the potential for creating the basis of future multilateral system.
(1) WTO Information Technology Agreement (ITA)
 WTO/ITA was established in 1997 to eliminate tariffs on IT-related products. Currently, 75 Members participate in the
agreement covering 97% of the world trade of the products concerned.
 Backed by industry’s request, Japan and the US led to launch the negotiation on the expansion of the product
coverage. In May 2012, many Members supported starting the work of the ITA expansion.
 In September 2012, APEC Leaders agreed to swiftly achieve a good outcome of the negotiations.
Way Ahead
- Concluding the negotiation swiftly.
(2) A new agreement on Trade in Services (International Services Agreement : ISA)
 A number of WTO members (currently 20 including Japan and the US) have been discussing a new agreement on
Trade in Services toward high level of liberalization.
 Being comprehensive in scope, including market access commitments that correspond as closely as possible to
actual practice, providing opportunities for improved market access, and containing new and enhanced rules.
Way Ahead
- Aiming to start negotiations as early as possible.
(3) The Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA)
 The ACTA was inspired by Japan’s proposal to create a new international framework against counterfeit and pirated
products.
 8 countries including Japan and the US signed in Tokyo in October 2011.
 Japan deposited the instrument of acceptance on October 2012 and became the first party to the ACTA.
Way Ahead
- Adding participants to the Agreement
6
- Further development of the Agreement
Resource Trade
Global Picture of Natural Gas
Russia
EU
①Competing with Qatar in European markets
②Failed to agree with China on export price
③Seeking to expand export to Japan
after the Earthquake
① Increased LNG import from Qatar
② Seeking new gas import routes
bypassing Russia
Turkmenistan
① Increased natural gas
exports to China
② Seeking new gas export
routes bypassing Russia
USA / Canada
① Gas production decreased in the U.S.
Had been expected to increase its LNG import
② Since then, shale gas production increased rapidly
LNG import became unnecessary
③ Shale gas production further increased
Started to consider LNG export
China
① Increased natural
gas imports from
Turkmenistan
② Uncompromising on
prices on imports
from Russia
Japan Korea
① Demand in Japan increased after
the Earthquake,
② Differential between LNG import
prices in Japan/Korea and gas price
in the West expanded
Qatar
① Increased LNG production capacity
expecting LNG export to the U.S.
② Could not export to the U.S.
Increased exports to Europe, instead
③ Increased export to Japan after
the Earthquake.
Australia
① Supplying to Asian markets
② Expected to substantially increase its
LNG supply capabilities

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