MIC’s International Cooperation in the field of ICT for Disaster Management Yoshihisa Takada, Director for Global ICT Business Promotion Office, MIC, Japan May 7, 2015 International Financing of DRR 2 Japan contributes to “mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction” in the international society. “Mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction” is to make disaster risk reduction (DRR) the most preferential subject and to introduce disaster preparedness in all development policies and projects. International financing of disaster risk reduction (DRR) in 1991-2010 (Bilateral and multilateral donors: Total $13.5 billion) World Bank $ 3.57 billion = 25.7% Japan $ 3.75 billion = 27.6% Among bilateral donors, Japan’s share is 64%. Source: Financing Disaster Risk Reduction (2013) Lessons from the Great East Japan Earthquake 3 Most important counter measures to protect community from tsunami Evacuate to upland as soon as possible 51% Deliver tsunami and evacuation information surely even in case of power failure Enhance disaster prevention facilities such as seawalls 20% Telephon call by fixedline phone 7% Telephon call by mobile phone 69% E-mail by mobile phone 25% 6% Direct confirmation 17% 4% Other … Built refuge facilities such as evacuation towers for residents Method to confirm safety of family members living together 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 1% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% Source: Special Working Group of the Cabinet Office CONCEPT “3S”: Features of ICT for DM 4 1 Seamless Seamless in Time • Information Sharing among Systems in Each Phase of Prevention, Emergency Response, Recovery/Reconstruction • Utilizing Past Disaster Information for Future Disaster Prediction • Prompt Information Sharing When Disaster Occurs 2 Secure 3 Smart Seamless in Space • Cross-regional and crossborder Information sharing • ICT as Social Infrastructure • Resolving Digital Divide to Realize Disaster Information Transmission not Restricted by Geological Conditions • Providing appropriate disaster information based on local ICT infrastructure Seamless between Organizations Responsible for DRR • Mutual Information Sharing among National Government, Local Governments and Communities • Information Sharing within Respective Organizations • Information Transmission to Residents and Communities through Various Media [Resilience] • To make communication networks resilient • To enhance information security • To utilize ICT to make social infrastructure resillient • ICT utilization when disaster occurs to visualize disaster situation • Sensor networks to collect big data • Big data utilization to predict disaster with high precision ICT for Disaster Management 5 •Information distribution is an important factor of disaster prevention and mitigation activities, and effective and efficient disaster management is made possible by using ICT. •Utilization of ICT in the field of disaster prevention contributes to not only disaster prevention but also development . •The functions of ICT for disaster management can be classified into observation/collection, information analysis, accumulation, and delivery functions from the viewpoint of the process of information distribution. Observation/Collection Meteorological Radar Sensor Information Analysis (Centralization) Data Center Integrated Disaster Management Information System Camera Satellite Observation Accumu lation Delivery Emergency alarm broadcast One segment terminal Disaster prevention administrative radio, Portable fire prevention module in disaster, etc. Government Telecommunication Networks for Disaster 3) 5) Prime Minister's Official Residence Fire and Disaster Management Agency 1) 4) Taking Videos by High Altitude Monitoring and Helicopter Cameras to Assess Disasterstricken Site 1) Central Disaster Management Radio Communications Network: Information Collection and Distribution within Japanese Government (Developed by the Cabinet Office) 2) Fire and Disaster Prevention Communication Network Information Collection and Distribution among National Government and Prefectural Governments 3) Satellite Communications Network Information Collection and Distribution among National Government, Prefectural Governments and Municipalities 2) 9) 6 4) Prefectural Disaster Management Radio Communications Information Collection and Distribution between Municipalities, Fire Departments, etc. and Prefectural Government 5) Fire Rescue Radio Communications Giving Instructions, Reporting, etc. between Fire Department and Fire Rescue Teams, and between Fire Rescue Teams 8) Municipality Municipal Disaster Management Radio Communications Damage Information Collection 6) ※Detail explanations are in blue boxes on the right side. Providing Seismic Intensity Information to Meteorological Agency 7) 6) Municipality Disaster Management Radio Communications (Broadcasting) Information Distribution from Municipality to Residents 7) Municipal Disaster Management Radio Communications (Mobile) Communications between Municipality, and Automobiles, Disaster-related Organizations, Life Service Providers 8) Video Transmission System onboard Helicopter Transmitting Video Information from Video Camera onboard Helicopter 9) Reporting to 119 Residents’ Reporting to 119 and Identifying Positions Disaster Information Dissemination to Residents Information Provider Central government Prefectures Municipal governments Information Communicator TV operator L-Alert Connected with standard format Various types of format Collection, format conversion, and distribution Municipal Disaster Radio Broadcast System Local Resident Digital TV Cable Terrestrial Radio operator Radio Web distribution Net operator Mobile phone operator Mobile phone ・Smartphone Outdoor Loudspeaker Municipal office Home Receiver ※L-Alert : 832 groups including 47 prefectures are participating. (25 out of 47 prefectures distributes information in practice) Direct information distribution without L-Alert from information provider also existed. 7 Solution Map of ICT for DM in Japan Observation/Collection 8 Accumulation Information analysis (Centralization) ･Sensor (earthquake, water level, rainfall amount, wind speed, landslide, Terminal etc.) on-site ･Meteorological radar equipment ･Camera (fixed, mobile, helicopter) ･Satellite observation (image, position information) ･Meteorological observation information collection system ･Damage information collection system Application ･Safety/evacuation information collection system ･Image monitoring/analysis system Delivery ･Broadcast reception terminal (IP announcement terminal, PC, etc.) ･One segment terminal ･Speaker ･Mini satellite earth station ･Meteorological analysis system ･Geographical information system ･Emergency information transmission ･Shelters/evacuees management system ･Damage forecasting system ･Supplies management system system ･Evacuation information / ･Administrative operation system announcement management system ･ J-ALERT ･ L-ALERT Platform ･Comprehensive disaster prevention information system ･Sensor information collection/control ･Risk management information infrastructure management system ･Space data platform system ･Infrastructure management system ･Police/fire prevention command and control system Disaster prevention use General use Communication infrastructure ･Disaster prevention administrative radio network（mobile） ･Satellite communications ･Satellite communications ･Radio communications networks（FWA, WiFi, microwave, TV White Space, etc.） ･Submarine cable ･Cloud platform/big data analysis ･Emergency alarm broadcast ･Cell broadcast ･Disaster prevention administrative radio（broadcast reception, mobile） ･Satellite communications ･Portable fire prevention module in disaster 9 Gracias! Ministerio de Asuntos Internos y Comunicaciones, JAPÓN http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_sosiki/joho_tsusin/eng/index.html (English) 9
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