APSITT2005 6th Asia-Pacific Symposium on Information and Telecommunication Technologies Toward Dependable Broadband Networks Tetsuya Miki The University of Electro-Communications 1 Outline Progress of Broadband Networks Trends on Networking Dependable Networks 2 Important R&D Areas for Future ICT 安全安心な情報環境 ユビキタスNW環境 Ubiquitous Networking ＩＰベースＮＧＮ ヘテロジニアス NW (Next Generation Network) トラフィック制御 分散NW制御 臨場感通信 情報通信セキュリティ ディザスタリカバリ ｱﾀｯｸ防御 シームレス接続 フォトニック 情報通信 ギガビット 移動通信 通信放送融合 知的ﾒﾃﾞｨｱ処理 ヒューマン インタラクション Source: JST ITS 衛星通信 センサNW 深海 情報通信 アンテナ理論 高精度GPS 暗号・認証・署名 ソフトウェア無線 フォトニック ワイヤレス融合 （THz帯） 変調方式 ｱﾄﾞﾎｯｸ・無線LAN 超低消費電力通信・端末 UWB 生体情報通信 帯域圧縮技術 Dependable Environment 量子 情報通信 符号理論 宇宙通信 トラフィック理論 3 JSTワークショップネットワーク分科会三木氏（電通大）まとめ資料をもとにJSTが加筆 Evolution of Telecommunications and Information Networks Integration and customization of services Expansion of services Integration of facilities Next Generation Networks Expansion of facilities Mono-service Stability Multi-services Multi-media Ubiquitous media Reliability Availability Dependability Analog 1950 1970 Heterogeneous 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 4 Progress of Network Services in Japan Mobile Phone/PHS 80M POTS + ISDN (61.3M) 60M Internet Users (Estimation) 40M ISDN Wireless Internet ( i-mode ) POTS Broadband Internet 20.6M (June 2005) 20M 0 87 90 95 2000 055 Progress of Broadband Access in Japan 40M 35M Broadband in Gross 20.6M （June.2005） 30M FTTH 30M（ 2010 ） 25M 20M CATV: 3.1M 15M ADSL: 14.1M 15K （2000.1） 10M 16K （2001.1） 5M 12K （2002.1） FTTH: 3.4M 0 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 6 Transmission Speed, Throughput （bps） LAN Speed and Router Throughput 100T CISCO CRS-1 10T M640+TXS 1T Router CISCO12000 100G M160 CISCO8600 100G-Ethernet 10G CISCO7500 10G-Ethernet 1G 1G-Ethernet ＬＡＮ 100M FDDI 100M-Ethernet 10M 10M-Ethernet 1990 1995 2000 2005 Year 2010 7 How Large Size, Quick Response and Fast Bit-rate Services would be required? Response Time （Sec） 100 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 10 Data Transfer, Data Backup, etc TeleWork 1 Telephone TeleConference TeleEducation Game 100m TeleConference (High Quality) 10m 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M Data Size (Byte) 100M 1G 10G 100G 8 Internet Traffic Statistics in Japan (Total Traffic of Major 7 ISPs in Japan) Users Traffic (Gbps) 200 Regular User (DSL/FTTH) 150 Down Stream Up Stream 100 Increasing Rate: 42% per Half Year 50 Other User (Dial-up/Leased Line) Down Stream Up Stream 0 Sept. 2004 Nov. 2004 Feb. 2005 May 2005 9 Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications（2005.7.27） Expectation of Network Traffic 100K Relative value compared to as of 1995 Traffic Volume 10K 1,000 times in a next decade 1K 100 10 times in a last decade 10 Internet Telephone 1 0.1 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year 2015 10 Progress of Optical Transmission 1P 4 bits/Hz ×25THz 100T 273CH 1 bits/Hz ×25THz Bit rate (bps) 10T 132CH 128CH×10G 1T 128CH 100G 32CH×10G 10G 10CH 10M 16CH×2.5G F-10G F-2.5G WDM R&D 4CH×2.5G 1G 100M 1000CH F-1.6G F-400M 3CH F-100M F-32M 2CH×150M Commercialized WDM Systems 2CH×6.3M Single Wavelength Systems 1M 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Year 2010 2015 11 Typical WDM Transmission System Relative Optical Power [5 dB/div] 1.28Tbps : 10Gbps x 128 Channels WDM Optical Spectrum after 840km SMFs C-band (1535.82-1561.01 nm) L-band (1573.30-1599.75 nm) ～ 25.19 nm ～ 26.45 nm Noise Level 1530 1540 1550 1560 Noise Level 1570 Wavelength 1580 1590 1600 [nm] 12 Wireless Access Systems 2010 2005 Beyond 3G 2000 Vehicular 2015～2020 Mobility Wi-MAX GMS PDC (2G) Pedestrian HSDPA IMT-2000 ( 3G) Super 3G Wi-Fi PHS Wireless LAN Stationary 100K 1M 10M FWA 100M UWB 1G Transmission Speed (Mbit/s) 10G 13 Upgraded 3rd Generation Mobile 3rd Generation 3G W-CDMA (384kbps) Air Interface cdma2000 1x (144kbps) 3.5G Super 3G 4th Generation W-CDMA HSDPA (3.6Mbps, 14.4Mbps) cdma2000 1x EV-DO (2.4Mbps) W-CDMA enhanced VSF-OFCDM Others Data Rate 144 / 384kbps 2.4Mbps OFCDM < 100Mbps > 100Mbps 14.4Mbps TTI 2～10 m sec Switching Circuit+Packet 2m sec <2m / 0.5m sec 0.5 m sec only Packet ( IP ) TTI: Transmission Time Interval OFCDM: Orthogonal Frequency and Code Division Multiplexing VSF- OFCDM: Variable Spreading Factor -OFCDM 14 Network Service Convergence FMC Mobile Phone Mobile Internet (i-Mode) (Fixed-Mobile Convergence) TIC (Telephone Internet Convergence) Fixed Telephone Internet BIC Broadband Internet (Broadcasting Internet Convergence) Digital Broadcasting 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 15 Future IP Network Structure Application/Service Platform Access Network Core Network Wireless Access Fixed Access : Fixed Wire AP : Wireless AP : Core Node ： Edge Node ： Mobile Gateway ： Media Gateway16 Ubiquitous Networking Anyplace, Anybody, Anytime, Anything, Anyway, ・・ Urban Area W-LAN Office Hotel Seamless Networking Presence Awareness Railway Station Airport TV Home 17 Expanded Portability of Terminals Problems on Network Services over Existing Internet Quality Bandwidth, QoS (Quality of Service), SLA (Service Level Agreement), Interaption Security Network intrusion, ID/PW stealing, Virus, DoS, Web page altering, Infringement of copyright Reliability, Availability User Support Risk Management Require Dependability Terrorism, Disaster 18 Progress of Information Communication Information Transfer TeleCommun. Hold in Common Information Interaction Post Telegraph Broadcasting Telephone Facsimile Data Network Internet Web Groupware Community-ware Agent Collaboration 〔 Overcoming 〔Overcoming 〔Overcoming Time〕 〔Overcoming Quantity〕 Protocol/Procedure〕 Distance〕 Information Delivery Conversation E-mail, VoIP Collaboration Virtual Community from Transport toward Environment Data Exchange File Exchange Information Retrieval (Web) Electronic Commerce Virtual Class (Tele-education) Network Game Tele-work Network Library Virtual Mall 19 Issues for Network Dependability Control Policy for Higher Layers is getting Importance 3 Layer Model Information Contents Layer Information Networking Layer Network Platform Layer Dependability Issues Contents Quality Contents Security Usage of Contents/Copyright Content Attribute OSI 7Layer Model Application Layer Control/Filtering of Information Service Control/Management Presentation Layer Networking Security Session Layer Traffic Control/Management Network Quality Reliability Management Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link Layer Physical Layer 20 Requirement for Higher Layer Functions Contents Management Security Assurance Protecting individual info. , copyright, etc User Support Contents flow Encrip- control Media tion Avoiding unlawful access conversion Human interface Info. filter Groping Eliminating Access support control virus Community Group control and management Operation support Seamless networking Customized Network Environment 21 Integration and Customization of Information Network Services Web ASP e-Community e-Library e-University Government ISP To Integrated Services From Independent Services Interaction of Information Service Integration Portal Site E-Commerce FM Radio TV Broadcasting Mobile phone FTTH Customized Service Provisioning Seamless Inter-working 3G/3.5G Mobile CATV ADSL Telephone Wireless LAN STB TV ｹﾞｰﾑ機 パソコン 無線ﾎｰﾑﾘﾝｸ 22 Dependable NGN Needs New Concept Conventional Internet (Best Effort Networks ) Open Network Non Real Time, Guaranteed Networks MetroAccess NW MetroAccess NW Real Time, Guaranteed Networks Backbone Networks 23 Summary Broadband Internet will be widely used for every type of network services. NGN should apply the design concept of “Dependable Networks” to fulfill not only QoS and Security, but also information contents management with confidence. To realize “Dependable Networks”, the modeling and structuring related to Information contents layer must be studied extensively. 24 Thank You for Your Attention 25
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