Theorie + Aufg.

'LH&UX[PLWGHQ6DO]HQ
'KIGPVNKEJKUVFKG5CEJGICTPKEJVUQUEJYKGTKI/GTMGPOWUUOCPUKEJGKIGPVNKEJPWTYKGFKG
FTGK$KPFWPIUV[RGP\WUVCPFGMQOOGP
• GLH(OHNWURQHQSDDUELQGXQJ(auch kovalente Bindung oder Atombindung)
Nichtmetallatome + Nichtmetallatome Æ
Moleküle
• GLH,RQHQELQGXQJ
Nichtmetallatome + Metallatome
• GLH0HWDOOELQGXQJ
Metallatome + Metallatome
Æ
Salze
Æ
Metalle
&CU2TQDNGOJKGTDGKKUVFCUUH×T\YGKXQNNMQOOGPWPVGTUEJKGFNKEJG&KPIGFKGINGKEJG
5EJTGKDYGKUGXGTYGPFGVYKTF
*KGTUKPFPWT0KEJVOGVCNNCVQOGKPFGT(QTOGNGUJCPFGNVUKEJCNUQWOGKP/QNGM×N
%* %N )ROJOLFKNDQQPDQIUGLHVHQ6WRIIHLQH/HZLVIRUPHODXIVFKUHLEHQ
%C%N &KGUG(QTOGNGPVJ¼NVUQYQJN/GVCNNCNUCWEJ0KEJVOGVCNNCVQOG'UJCPFGNVUKEJCNUQ
WOGKP5CN\
)ROJOLFKNDQQPDQIUGLHVHQ6WRIINHLQH/HZLVIRUPHODXIVFKUHLEHQ
5VCVVFGUUGPOWUUOCPUKEJ×DGTNGIGPYGNEJG+QPGPKPFKGUGO5CN\GPVJCNVGPUKPF
%C WPF%N Î'DV3UREOHPLVWDOVRGDVVLQGHU6DO]IRUPHOGLH/DGXQJHQXQWHUVFKODJHQZHUGHQ
<WU¼V\NKEJIKDVGULGV\VPQEJ5CN\GDGKFGPGPGKPGUFGT+QPGPCWUIGNCFGPGP/QNGM×NGP
0ROHNOLRQHQ DGUVGJV$GKURKGN
0C01 &CU0CVTKWOGKP/GVCNNKUVGPVPKOOVOCPGUFGO25'
5GKPG.CFWPIHQNIVGDGPHCNNUCWUUGKPGT5VGNNWPIKO25'0C &CU)GIGPKQPOWUUCNUQFKG.CFWPI JCDGP01 t 0KVTCV
9RQ1D12 NDQQPDQNHLQH/HZLVIRUPHOVFKUHLEHQYRQ12 tMHGRFKVFKRQ 9KGUKGJVGUCDGTDGKFGP¯DGTICPIUOGVCNNGPYKG-WRHGT'KUGPWUYCWU!
(G51
9KGXKGNGCPFGTG/GVCNNGCWEJMGPPV'KUGPXGTUEJKGFGPG+QPGPNCFWPIGPGUIKDV
UQYQJN(G CNUCWEJ(G 'UIKDVPWTGKPG/ÑINKEJMGKVJGTCWU\WHKPFGPQDFCU
'KUGPKPFKGUGO5VQHHCNU(G QFGTCNU(G XQTNKGIV
0DQPXVVÄ62 DOV0ROHNOLRQHUNHQQHQXQGVHLQH/DGXQJ
DXVZHQGLJNHQQHQ62 t
$GUQPFGTUFGWVNKEJYKTFFKGYKEJVKIG4QNNGFGT/QNGM×NKQPGPKOP¼EJUVGP$GKURKGN&KGUGT5VQHH
GPVJ¼NVP¼ONKEJMGKP/GVCNNCVQO7URW]GHPLVWHVHLQ6DO]
0* %N
&KGUGT5VQHH#OOQPKWOEJNQTKFYKTFPWTFCPPCNU5CN\GTMCPPVYGPPOCP
0* KP
FGT(QTOGNCNUFCU/QNGM×NKQP0* GTMGPPV
&CUDGFGWVGV
'LH)RUPHOQGHUIUXQVZLFKWLJHQ0ROHNOLRQHQPXVVPDQDXVZHQGLJN|QQHQ
&CUJGKUUVOCPOWUU/QNGM×NKQPGPGKPGTUGKVUKPGKPGT5CN\HQTOGNCNUUQNEJGGTMGPPGP
CPFGTGTUGKVUOWUUOCPCDGTCWEJPQEJKJTG.CFWPICWUYGPFKIMGPPGP
¯DTKIGPUGUJCPFGNVUKEJNGFKINKEJWOCEJV/QNGM×NKQPGP
.GV\VGT2WPMVYKGDKNFGVOCP5CN\HQTOGNPMQTTGMVYGPPOCPFKGGPVURTGEJGPFGP+QPGPJCV!
$GKURKGNUYGKUGGTIKDVGKPG4GCMVKQPUINGKEJWPI
'FWMVGÆ<P 21
8QTGTUVKUVGUXÑNNKIGICNQDLGV\V<P QFGTPWT<P UVGJV9KTDGCEJVGPQJPGJKPNGFKINKEJFKG
+QPGP&KGUGO×UUGPLGV\VGKPHCEJKPFGT9GKUGMQODKPKGTVYGTFGPFCUUUKEJGLH/DGXQJHQ
DXVJOHLFKHQ&CU5CN\OWUUCNU)CP\GUPGWVTCNUGKP
&KGUMCPPJKGTOKVFGT(QTOGN<P 21 GTTGKEJVYGTFGP
=·
RQUKVKXG.CFWPIGPWPF·
PGICVKXG.CFWPIGP?
$XIJDEHQ
0QVKGTGP5KGFKG.GYKUHQTOGNPXQPHQNIGPFGP5VQHHGP
-01 #N 1 1 -%N
%U %1 'TOKVVGNP5KGFKG+QPGPFKGKPFKGUGP5VQHHGPGPVJCNVGPUKPF
*$T
%W$T <P%1 0* 01 -0C*21 $KNFGP5KGCWUFGPHQNIGPFGP+QPGPLGYGKNUFKGMQTTGMVG5CN\HQTOGN
%W %Nt
+t<P
51 t0* #N *21 t
$GPGPPGP5KGHQNIGPFG5CN\G
%C(
(G$T
- %1 #N
01 5EJTGKDGPXQPFGPHQNIGPFGP5CN\GPFKG5CN\HQTOGNCWH
#NWOKPKWOUWNHCV
-CNKWOPKVTCV
0CVTKWOQZKF
#NWOKPKWODTQOKF
'KUGP
++EJNQTKF
%CNEKWOFKJ[FTQIGPRJQURJCV