米国の失業保険制度
独立行政法人
労働政策研究・研修機構
The Japan Institute for Labour Policy and Training
米国の失業保険制度
労働政策研究・研修機構
国際研究部
執筆担当者
氏
やまざき
山崎
わ
だ
和田
名
所
けん
憲
か
ほ
佳浦
属
執筆章
労働政策研究・研修機構 主任調査員
第１章、補諭
労働政策研究・研修機構
第 2～5 章
目
第1章
次
概要 ··································································· 1
１．調査趣旨 ································································· 1
２．調査方法 ································································· 1
３．概要および意義 ··························································· 1
米国の失業状況の概観 ··················································· 2
第２章
第１節
失業率の推移と失業期間の長期化 ······································· 2
第２節
失業補償の受給者の割合 ··············································· 3
第３節
失業者全体にみる就業までの期間 ······································· 4
第４節
失業率と失業保険受給者における年齢の特徴 ····························· 5
失業保険の財務制度 ····················································· 7
第３章
第１節
連邦失業税／州失業税の運用の仕組み ··································· 7
第２節
失業税の対象者 ······················································· 8
第３節
連邦失業税／州失業税の税率の仕組み ··································· 9
第４節
州別の財政状況と税率 ················································· 10
失業保険の給付制度 ····················································· 14
第４章
第１節
給付の種類 ··························································· 14
第２節
各州の失業保険の給付制度 ············································· 18
第３節
パートタイムの失業保険適用 ··········································· 25
失業保険とその他の社会保障 ············································· 30
第５章
第１節
老齢・遺族・障害保険（OASDI）－公的年金－ ·························· 31
第２節
勤労所得税額控除（EITC） ············································ 35
第３節
補足的栄養補助プログラム（SNAP） ··································· 36
第４節
補足的保障所得（SSI） ··············································· 38
第５節
貧困家庭一時扶助（TANF） ··········································· 39
補論
失業保険制度の改革提案―NELP ··········································· 41

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