Carl Laemmle – ein Schwabe gründet Hollywood

!"#$%&"'(($'%ʹ%')*%+,-."/'%0#1*2'3%
45$$6.552%
"
#$%"&&'"()*"+,-"-./"0.+12$3*$%"4+/$+*"5+%"
6$/723728$"9:,";2%3/8$,"+,-"<+-$,"1).,$,"
5+/.**$,"$3,$"=:,-$%.+//8$))+,>"5+*"!?@A"
6$B+%8/8.>"9:,";.%)"0.$**)$".*"!CA"<.,+.%"
D@!CA"#./"E2$*."-$%"F+//8$))+,>"3/8"0.$**)$/"
G$%/:,"+,-"H3%I$,"3,"-$%"J3)*>$/723728$A"
0.$**)$K"!LMC"3,"0.+12$3*">$B:%$,"+,-"!LLN"
,.72"F*$%3I.".+/>$O.,-$%8K">%P,-$8$"!Q!D"-3$"
(,39$%/.)RJ3)*>$/$))/72.S8"+,-"$%TSS,$8$"!Q!?"
(,39$%/.)";38U"3,"V:))UO::-K"-./">%TW8$"B3/"
2$+8$"B$/8$2$,-$"J3)*/8+-3:"-$%"H$)8A"&3/"!QXM"1%:-+53$%8$"$%".)/"(,39$%/.)RG%Y/3-$,8"PB$%"Q@@@"
J3)*$K"$%S.,-"-./"=8.%/U/8$*"+,8$%"-$,"=72.+/13$)$%,"+,-"ST%-$%8$"-$,"3,8$%I+)8+%$))$,"F+/8.+/72"
5O3/72$,"ĞƵƚƐĐŚůĂŶĚƵŶĚĚĞŶh^͘Ğƌϭ͕ϱϮDĞƚĞƌŐƌŽƘĞͣhŶĐůĞĂƌů͞ŬĂŵďĂůĚũćŚƌůŝĐŚŶĂĐŚ
Z+%:1."+,-"9$%2.)S"$8)372$,"-$+8/72$,"J3)*/72.SS$,-$,"5+"<:B/"3,"-$%"&%.,72$A"#$,,:72"O+%-$"$%"
.)/"<+-$"3,"#$+8/72).,-""5+,$2*$,-"-3SS.*3$%8K"3,/B$/:,-$%$",.72"-$*"Z%/8$,"H$)8I%3$>"+,-".B"
!QXX"-+%72"-3$"[.83:,.)/:53.)3/8$,A"&3/"5+"/$3,$*"E:-"!QXQ"/8$))8$"$%"PB$%"X@@"&P%>/72.S8$,"SP%"
S)P7283>$"<+-$,".+/"#$+8/72).,-".+/K"+*"32%$"Z3,O.,-$%+,>",.72"F*$%3I."5+"$%*T>)372$,A"
H3%"O:))$,"$3,$"6%+11$,.+//8$))+,>"\<.,+.%"B3/"<+)3"D@!C]"ŵĂĐŚĞŶ͕ĚŝĞƐŽǁŽŚůͣĂƌů>ĂĞŵŵůĞ͞ĂůƐ
ĂƵĐŚĚĂƐdŚĞŵĂͣ&ŝůŵƵŶĚDĞĚŝĞŶ͞ǀĞƌŵŝƚƚĞůƚ͘"#+%72.+/".+72"*38"&)37I".+S"-3$"6$>$,O.%8^"(,39$%/.)"
>3B8"$/"_."-+%72>Y,>3>"B3/"2$+8$K"*38"5.2)):/$,"B$%P2*8$,"J3)*$,"+,-"G$%/T,)372I$38$,A"
F+//8$))+,>/:%8"3/8"-./"0.+12$3*$%"4+/$+*^"F+S"DN@"`*"F+//8$))+,>/S)Y72$"IT,,$,"9$%/723$-$,/8$"
J:%*$,"+,-"E$72,3I$,"1%Y/$,83$%8"O$%-$,A"Z3,"F+//8$))+,>/I.8.):>"3/8">$1).,8A"
a+%"F,%$>+,>"$*1S3$2)8"/372"-$%"&$/+72"-$/"0.+12$3*$%"4+/$+*/K";.%)"0.$**)$"2.8"-:%8"$3,$"
$3>$,$"FB8$3)+,>A"[.72"b:%.,*$)-+,>"3/8"-3$/".+72".+W$%2.)B"-$%"%$>+)Y%$,"cSS,+,>/5$38$,"*T>)372A"
d,S:*.8$%3.)e038$%.8+%"5+"0.$**)$")3$>8".+72"3*"'P,/8)$%2.+/"()*"9:%A"
%
7*%&"'(($'8%9'#85*%8)*2%'3$),-'%:",'33'*%;"8<)*)'#'*2%=*2%>#'"3)?%;#=,-3/"#@%
x
x
x
x
/$3,"F+S/83$>"9:*"0.+SB+%/72$,"5+*"$%S:)>%$372/8$,"J3)*1%:-+5$,8$,"/$3,$%"a$38"O.%"-$%"
f$.)38Y8">$O:%-$,$"F*$%3I.,3/72$"E%.+*"
$%"O.%"-$%"Y)8$/8$"+,-"O$/8)372/8$"+,8$%"-$,"_P-3/72$,"d**3>%.,8$,K"-3$"V:))UO::-/"
J3)*3,-+/8%3$"B$>%P,-$8$,^"(,39$%/.)e;.%)"0.$**)$"\>$BA"!LMC"3,"0.+12$3*]K"4$8%:R
6:)-OU,R4.U$%e=.*+$)"6:)-OU,"\>$BA"!LCQ"3,"H.%/72.+]"+,-"0:+3/"&A"4.U$%"\>$BA"!LLN"3,"
43,/I]K"G.%.*:+,8eF-:)12"a+I:%"\>$BA"!LCX"3,"f37/$e(,>.%,]K"H.%,$%e6$B%P-$%"H.%,$%"
\>$BA"!LL!"SSA"3,"'%./,:/3$)7eG:)$,]K"D@82";$,8+%U"J:geH3))3.*"J:g"\>$BA"!LCQ"3,"
E:)7/9.e(,>.%,]"
-3$"Z3,O.,-$%$%"I.*$,".+/"-$,".%*$,"=723728$,"+,-"1%:-+53$%8$,"5+,Y72/8"9:%".))$*"
(,8$%2.)8+,>"SP%"-3$/$"3,"-$,"S%P2$,"'3,:/^"-$%"J3)*".)/"4.//$,*$-3+*"-$/"D@A"
<.2%2+,-$%8/K"V:))UO::-".)/"E%.+*S.B%3IK"4$-3$,".)/"=$2,/+728/:%8$"
-3$"4.//$"-$%"J3)*$K"PB$%O3$>$,-"'+%5S3)*$K"O.%$,"=I$872$/K"H$/8$%,"+,-"':*T-3$,^"
>ĂĞŵŵůĞƐĞƌƐƚĞƌ&ŝůŵƺďĞƌĚĞŶ/ŶĚŝĂŶĞƌŚćƵƉƚůŝŶŐͣ,ŝĂǁĂƚŚĂ͞ǀŽŶϭϵϬϵŝƐƚĞƌŚĂůƚĞŶ"
!"
"
x
x
x
x
x
-.5+"$,8O37I$)8$"/372").,>/.*"-$%"J3)*".)/"'+,/8S:%*^"-3$"(,39$%/.)R=8+**S3)*$"ǁŝĞͣϮϬ͘ϬϬϬ
DĞŝůĞŶƵŶƚĞƌĚĞŵDĞĞƌ͞"\!Q!MK"$%/8$%"J3)*"*38"(,8$%O.//$%.+S,.2*$,Ϳ͕ͣĞƌ'ůƂĐŬŶĞƌǀŽŶ
EŽƚƌĞĂŵĞ͞;ϭϵϮϰͿ"ŽĚĞƌͣĂƐWŚĂŶƚŽŵĚĞƌKƉĞƌ͞;ϭϵϮϱͿ"/3,-"&$3/13$)$"SP%"-./",$+$"
0$38*$-3+*"
-3$"B$%P2*8$/8$,"(,39$%/.)RdŽŶĨŝůŵĞǁŝĞͣ/ŵtĞƐƚĞŶŶŝĐŚƚƐEĞƵĞƐ͞;ϭϵϯϬ͕ĞƌƐƚĞƌKƐĐĂƌĨƺƌ
(,39$%/.)]"+ŶĚĚŝĞ<ůĂƐƐŝŬĞƌͣƌĂĐƵůĂ͞;ϭϵϯϭͿ͕ͣ&ƌĂŶŬĞŶƐƚĞŝŶ͞;ϭϵϯϭͿ͕ͣŝĞDƵŵŝĞ͞;ϭϵϯϮͿ
ŽĚĞƌͣĞƌtĞƌǁŽůĨǀŽŶ>ŽŶĚŽŶ͞;ϭϵϯϱͿ"-$S3,3$%8$,"-3$"6$,%$/"F,83I%3$>/S3)*"+,-"V:%%:%S3)*^"
0.$**)$".-.183$%8$"-3$"J:%*$,/1%.72$"-$/"-$+8/72$,"$g1%$//3:,3/83/72$,"J3)*/"-$%"
H$3*.%$%"f$1+B)3I"
0.$**)$"B%.728$"=8.%/"2$%9:%"\0:,";2.,$UK"&:%3/"'.%):SSK"&$)."0+>:/3K"4.%U"G37IS:%-K"Z%372"
9:,"=8%:2$3*]"+,-"O.%"$3,"+,>).+B)372$%"H$%B$S.72*.,,"
0.$**)$/"V$3*.89$%B+,-$,2$38"O.%"/$2%".+/>$1%Y>8^"$%"B$/+728$"0.+12$3*"%$>$)*YW3>K"
+,8$%/8P858$"-3$"=8.-8"S3,.,53$))"+,-"O+%-$"5+*"Z2%$,BP%>$%"$%,.,,8h"$%"/1$,-$8$".+72"SP%"
-$,"Z%2.)8"-$/"()*$%"4P,/8$%/""
O$38$%$"=72O.B$,"3*"J3)*^"f:).,-"Z**$%372K"'.82$%3,$"V$3>)K"V3)-$>.%-"',$SK"<:.723*"
J+72/B$%>$%K"iSS)$"+,-"GS$%-)$"
%
A)3"3'%?5*%&"'(($'@%%
ͣ/ƚĐĂŶďĞ-:,$j͞"\0.$**)$/"0$B$,/*:88:]"
ͣŶĞŝŶĞŵǀĞƌƌĞŐŶĞƚĞŶďĞŶĚŐĞƌŝĞƚŝĐŚŝŶĞŝŶƐĚĞƌϱR;$,8R
E2$.8$%"\[37I$):-$:,]"*38"-$*"0:72"3,"-$%"H.,-"SP%"B$O$>8$"
&3)-$%A"d72"O+//8$".+S"-$%"=8$))$K"-.//"372"3,/"6$/72YS8"*38"-$,"
ďĞǁĞŐƚĞŶŝůĚĞƌǁŽůůƚĞ͘͞;>ĂĞŵŵůĞnjƵƐĞŝŶĞŵ$%/8$,"'3,:K"
ĚĞŵͣtŚŝƚĞ&ƌŽŶƚdŚĞĂƚƌĞ͕͞"!Q@M"3,";237.>:"$%TSS,$8]"
ͣ0.//"-3$"0$+8$"5.2)$,"+,-"B%3,>"/3$"5+*"0.72$,A"<$-$%"O3))"
).72$,A"#%$3"H:72$,",.72-$*"372"-3$/$"I:*3/72$,"&3)-$%"
>$/$2$,"2.88$K"2.88$"372"*$3,"$3>$,$/"E2$.8$%"3,"-$%"
43)O.+I$$"F9$,+$"3,";2ŝĐĂŐŽ͘͞"
͞/ĐŚďŝŶŐůƺĐŬůŝĐŚ͕ǁĞŝůŝĐŚƵŶnjćŚůŝŐĞ43))3:,$,">)P7I)372"*.72$,"-+%S8$A"4$3,"O3%I)372$/"6)P7I")3$>8"3,"
ĚĞƌdĂƚƐĂĐŚĞ͕ŵĞŝŶĞDŝƚŵĞŶƐĐŚĞŶĂŵƺƐŝĞƌƚƵŶĚƵŶƚĞƌŚĂůƚĞŶnjƵŚĂďĞŶ͘͞"
ͣůƐŝĐŚĞŝŶŬůĞŝŶĞƌ:ƵŶŐĞǁĂƌ"
*38"I+%5$,"V:/$,"+,-").,>$*"V..%K"
>3,>"372"3,/"=72+)>$BY+-$"23,"
*38"S%:2$*"4+8"+,-"2$38$%$*"=3,,A"
ĐŚůĂŶŐŝƐƚ͛ƐŚĞƌ͕ĚĞƌtĞŐǁĂƌǁĞŝƚ͕"
-$,"372">$>.,>$,"3,"-$%"aO3/72$,5$38K"
372".%B$38$8$"/72O$%K"%./8$8$",3$K"
:ƵŶŐĞŶƐǀŽŶ>ĂƵƉŚĞŝŵ͕ŝĐŚƐĂŐ͛ƐĞƵĐŚǁŝĞ͊͞"
\0.$**)$"!QDN"3,"$3,$*"=8+**S3)*"PB$%"/$3,$"V$3*.8/8.-8]"
%
A)3"3'%1/'#%&"'(($'@%
ͣƌƐĂŚĂƵƐǁŝĞĞŝŶĨƌĞƵŶĚůŝĐŚĞƐDćŶŶůĞŝŶ͕ŐĞƌĂĚĞŵĂůĨƺŶĨ&ƵƘŐƌŽƘ͕ĂďĞƌĞƌǁŝƌĨƚĞŝŶĞŶůĂŶŐĞŶ
^ĐŚĂƚƚĞŶƺďĞƌĚŝĞƵĐŚƐĞŝƚĞŶĚĞƌ'ĞƐĐŚŝĐŚƚĞ,ŽůůLJǁŽŽĚƐ͘͞;dŽŶLJdŚŽŵĂƐͿ"
D"
"
ͣ^ŝĞǁŝƐƐĞŶďĞƐƚŝŵŵƚŶŝĐŚƚ͕ǁĂƌƵŵĞƌǁŝƌŬůŝĐŚŶĂĐŚŵĞƌŝŬĂ"O:))8$A"[3$*.,-"O$3W"$/A"Z%"O:))8$"
d,-3.,$%"/$2$,j"=72:,"-.*.)/"3,"0.+12$3*")./"$%"$3,$"4$,>$"PB$%"d,-3.,$%K";:OB:U/K"f$38$%"3*"
H3)-$,"H$/8$,"+,-"&+SS.):"&3))A"#3$/$"9$%B)PSS$,-$,"0$+8$"5+"/$2$,"O+%-$"-$%"E%.+*"/$3,$%"
:ƵŐĞŶĚ͘͞;Ăƌů>ĂĞŵŵůĞũƌ͘Ϳ"
ͣKŶŬĞůĂƌůǁĂƌĨƌĞƵŶĚůŝĐŚƵŶĚƐĂŶĨƚʹ"$%"2.88$",3728/"9:,"F%%:>.,5".,"/372A"Z%"O.%"$3,S.72"+,-"
B$/72$3-$,"+,-"2.8",3$"9$%>$//$,K"-.//"$%"$3,/8"$3,".%*$%"<+,>$">$O$/$,"O.%A"Z%"2.8">%:W5P>3>"
.+/>$8$3)8"ʹ"ĂƵƐƐĞŝŶĞƌ'ĞůĚďƂƌƐĞƵŶĚĂƵƐƐĞŝŶĞŵ,ĞƌnjĞŶ͘͞;ZĂďďŝD.>,3,"5+*"E:-$"0.$**)$/"!QXQ]"
%
%
%
% B5*3">3%&"=C-')(@%
""
""
""
""
""
""
""
""
4+/$+*"5+%"6$/723728$"9:,";2%3/8$,"+,-"<+-$,"
=72)://"6%:W).+12$3*"
;).+/R6%.SR=8.+SS$,B$%>R=8%A"!?"
LLNC!"0.+12$3*"
E$)$S:,^"@CXQD"QML@@R@"
E$)$S.g^"@CXQD"QML@@R!L"
ZR4.3)^"*+/$+*k).+12$3*A-$"
OOOA*+/$+*R).+12$3*A-$"
"
"
"
B5*3">3%DDB%E$(@%
&&'"()*"&$%+S/9$%B.,-"&3)-$,-$%"'P,/8)$%"
'P,/8)$%2.+/"()*"3*"l72/$,2Y+/$%"V:S"
6%P,$%"V:S"?"
LQ@CX"()*"
E$)$S:,^"@CX!"M@D@!XL"
E$)$S.g^"@CX!"M@D@!?L"
ZR4.3)^"3,S:kI+$,/8)$%2.+/R+)*A-$"
OOOAI+$,/8)$%2.+/R+)*A-$"
"
X"
"