3 *2 -1 -2 -3 94/4/7 : . . 93/8/19 : . - . . . t . . Vensim : Email: [email protected] * ... ________________________ -1 . - .(2-1 :1392 .(81 :1387 ) ) . . - (108-107 :1390) - - . : ) . - . Vensim 172 1394 3 ___________________________________ -2 . . ) - - (1390) . . » (1387) - « . - . . - . (1390) - . (1392) 173 ... ________________________ . . . . (1390 » (1392 » (1380 ) (1388 )« » (1381 ) )« ) .(1392 )« -3 -1-3 . . .(78 :1387 ) - 174 1394 3 ___________________________________ ( ) ( ) .(36 :1388 ) (Gamper & Palermo, 2011: 3) .(Mamedova et al., 2006: 5) -2-3 . ) ) . . . . . -3-3 » 175 ... ________________________ « . .(119 :1390 ) : . . 1 1381 1390 1386 1389 - 1392 1381 1387 - -1-3-3 -1-1-3-3 . 176 1394 3 ___________________________________ .(151 :1390 ( ) ) . . .(55 :1381 ) : 1 ) -2-1-3-3 . .(1 :1375 ) 177 ... ________________________ . .(54 :1381 ) : -3-1-3-3 . . . .(56 -55 :1381 ) . -4-1-3-3 . . . . .(123 -122 :1387 ) 178 1394 3 ___________________________________ - - . - .(165 :1392 ) 2 : 179 ) ... ________________________ -5-1-3-3 .(1 :1388 ) ) .(148 :1388 . .(222 :1377 : ) -6-1-3-3 . . : 1388 ) .( 9 .( 74 :1352 180 ) 1394 3 ___________________________________ . . ) .( 149 : 1390 -7-1-3-3 . .( 151 : 1390 ) ( ) . .( 54 : 1381 181 ) ... ________________________ - 4- 3 ) .( 88 :1388 .(89 ) . . (Flett, 2001) ) . : .(89 :1388 . . . . .(Balle, 1994) . (Senge, 1990) ) .(89 :1388 -5-3 . . ... : 182 1394 3 ___________________________________ .(119 :1390 : . . . 183 ) ... ________________________ : 3 ) -4 . . : .(Balle, 1994) . 184 1394 3 ___________________________________ . ( )5 ( )1 . . 0/8 . . t-test SPSS . . (Vensim) . -1-4 .1 .2 .3 -5 (2 : ) ) 185 - 1- 5 ... ________________________ 2 : 0/ 74 4/ 17 1/ 03 3/ 42 0/ 97 3/ 22 0/ 75 3/ 70 0/ 84 3/ 72 0/ 71 4/ 05 0/ 86 3/ 77 1/ 01 3/ 47 1/ 01 3/ 72 0 1 5 20 14 0/ 00 2/ 5 12/ 5 50 35 1 7 12 14 6 2/ 5 17/ 5 30 35 15 2 7 13 16 2 5 17/ 5 32/ 5 40 5 0 2 13 20 5 0/ 00 5 32/ 5 50 12/ 5 0 4 9 21 6 0/ 00 10 22/ 5 52/ 5 15 0 1 6 23 10 0/ 00 2/ 5 15 57/ 5 25 1 1 11 20 7 2/ 5 2/ 5 27/ 5 50 17/ 5 1 6 12 15 6 2/ 5 15 30 37/ 5 15 3 1 6 24 6 7/ 5 2/ 5 15 60 15 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3/ 69 : (1393 186 : ) 1394 3 ___________________________________ - 2- 5 t H1 H 0: 3 H1: µ>3 95 ( . ) . (5 = ) . . t 3/697 5 0/000 . : 3 t 95 0/ 866 95 t 0/ 528 0/ 000 8/ 33 3/ 697 (1393 187 : ) ... ________________________ . t . 4 t 95 t 4/ 17 9/ 94 0/ 000 0/ 936 1/ 414 3/ 42 2/ 59 0/ 013 0/ 094 0/ 756 3/ 22 1/ 46 0/ 152 - 0/ 086 0/ 536 3/ 70 5/ 84 0/ 000 0/ 457 0/ 942 3/ 72 5/ 41 0/ 000 0/ 454 0/ 995 4/ 05 9/ 29 0/ 000 0/ 821 1/ 278 3/ 77 5/ 68 0/ 000 0/ 499 1/ 050 3/ 47 2/ 96 0/ 005 0/ 151 0/ 798 3/ 72 4/ 52 0/ 000 0/ 401 1/ 048 (1393 188 : ) 1394 3 ___________________________________ - 3- 5 . 5 Sig Df ) 0/ 000 ) 8 Chi-square N 48/ 96 40 (1393 : ) : ) 6 6 / 56 1 6 / 13 2 5 / 20 3 5 / 14 4 5 / 04 5 4 / 86 6 4 / 18 7 4 / 14 8 3 / 76 9 (1393 189 ... ________________________ - 4- 5 . 7 #1 15 45 #2 12 20 #3 4 30 #4 38 30 #5 9 25 #6 2 60 #7 10 20 230 : (1393 : . . . 190 ) 1394 3 ___________________________________ . . : ) . . . -5-5 . 191 ... ________________________ (1393 : ) 4 : . . . 192 1394 3 ___________________________________ . -6 . . . - . . - . t : (0/000) (3/69) . 95 5 : . 193 ... ________________________ . . 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